2-Minute Neuroscience: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

Ғылым және технология

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive loss of motor function. ALS affects upper motor neurons and lower motor neurons. As these motor neurons stop working, muscles also begin to atrophy; this can eventually lead to respiratory failure, which is often the cause of death in ALS patients. The pathophysiology of ALS is not completely understood, but similar to other neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease it is characterized by clusters of dysfunctional proteins within neurons. In this video, I discuss ALS symptoms and pathophysiology.
TRANSCRIPT:
Welcome to 2 minute neuroscience, where I simplistically explain neuroscience topics in 2 minutes or less. In this installment I will discuss amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or ALS.
Also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease in the US and motor neuron disease in the UK, ALS is characterized both by muscle spasticity and a progressive weakening of the muscles. As the disease progresses, patients may lose hand and arm function, and experience difficulty walking, speaking, and even breathing. Respiratory failure is often the cause of death, and the average survival time from diagnosis is around 3-5 years.
Although some cases of ALS are inherited, in the vast majority of cases the cause of ALS is unknown. ALS is a neurodegenerative disorder, meaning it is characterized by the degeneration and death of neurons. Specifically, the affected neurons in ALS are called upper and lower motor neurons. Upper motor neurons extend from the cerebral cortex or brainstem and carry motor information down to the spinal cord. Lower motor neurons extend from the spinal cord or brainstem to skeletal muscle to cause movement. Degeneration of upper motor neurons often is responsible for spasticity and modest weakness, but degeneration of lower motor neurons causes more disabling weakness. As the motor neurons stop working, muscles also begin to atrophy.
Mutations in several genes have been linked to the development of ALS, but the effects of the mutations are not completely clear and the mechanism that causes neurodegeneration in ALS is still not understood. Similar to other neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease, ALS is characterized by the accumulation of dysfunctional proteins within neurons. Although the impact of these protein groups or aggregates is unclear, it is hypothesized that they could impair neuronal function. There also are a number of other mechanisms proposed to play a role in neurodegeneration in ALS and it is likely more than one is involved.
References:
Morgan S, Orrell RW. Pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Br Med Bull. 2016 Sep;119(1):87-98. doi: 10.1093/bmb/ldw026.
Rothstein JD. Current hypotheses for the underlying biology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ann Neurol. 2009 Jan;65 Suppl 1:S3-9. doi: 10.1002/ana.21543.

Пікірлер: 208

  • @jinx17
    @jinx178 ай бұрын

    i'm a big ol' neuroscience/anatomy/physiology/sociology/biology nerd and i'm in love with this channel since finding it a few days ago

  • @Dr.MaorPich
    @Dr.MaorPich5 жыл бұрын

    love your videos!

  • @rishekkumar_
    @rishekkumar_4 ай бұрын

    Thank you sir for easy and concise explanation

  • @jennrallee1557
    @jennrallee15573 жыл бұрын

    I looked this up so I can start visualizing what is happening in my body I was diagnosed with this viscous crap disease 1.5 years ago I’m starting cell therapy or in this case motor neurone therapy I will try to visualize healing I was told there’s nothing western medicine can do, so what have I got to lose? Wish me success!!! God bless

  • @Kars00

    @Kars00

    3 жыл бұрын

    Sending you the best wishes

  • @jennrallee1557

    @jennrallee1557

    3 жыл бұрын

    Kar 😊thank you

  • @youroneblackfriend6321

    @youroneblackfriend6321

    3 жыл бұрын

    Jennral Lee hope you can recover, good luck! 🍀👍🏾

  • @jennrallee1557

    @jennrallee1557

    3 жыл бұрын

    Your one black friend thanks friend!!

  • @kikita278

    @kikita278

    3 жыл бұрын

    There are nutritional therapies that help and also a protocol called the Deanna Protocol. Look it up on Google. Don't give up!

  • @oscarrulez007
    @oscarrulez0074 жыл бұрын

    Very helpful :)

  • @urmumsballs69

    @urmumsballs69

    2 жыл бұрын

    Thank you:)

  • @hyperaziz

    @hyperaziz

    2 жыл бұрын

    You might die :(

  • @KPearce57
    @KPearce573 жыл бұрын

    Thank I was diagnosed today :(

  • @athone2758

    @athone2758

    3 жыл бұрын

    well it was nice knowing you

  • @prochino5245

    @prochino5245

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@athone2758 Dude

  • @nehabisht9488

    @nehabisht9488

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@athone2758 please don't

  • @siphenathimanyaba1910

    @siphenathimanyaba1910

    3 жыл бұрын

    May God send His healing your way in Jesus Name!

  • @CWMalako91

    @CWMalako91

    3 жыл бұрын

    Research Lutimax. It's a natural supplement for ALS. You can even KZread it.

  • @TheEiluj12
    @TheEiluj12 Жыл бұрын

    I was diagnosed christmas eve 2022 totally shocked

  • @maramal6836
    @maramal68363 жыл бұрын

    Thanks

  • @byLizzDevine
    @byLizzDevine2 жыл бұрын

    Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive loss of motor function. ALS affects upper motor neurons and lower motor neurons. As these motor neurons stop working, muscles also begin to atrophy; this can eventually lead to respiratory failure, which is often the cause of death in ALS patients. The pathophysiology of ALS is not completely understood, but similar to other neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease it is characterized by clusters of dysfunctional proteins within neurons. In this video, I discuss ALS symptoms and pathophysiology. TRANSCRIPT: Welcome to 2 minute neuroscience, where I simplistically explain neuroscience topics in 2 minutes or less. In this installment I will discuss amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or ALS. Also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease in the US and motor neuron disease in the UK, ALS is characterized both by muscle spasticity and a progressive weakening of the muscles. As the disease progresses, patients may lose hand and arm function, and experience difficulty walking, speaking, and even breathing. Respiratory failure is often the cause of death, and the average survival time from diagnosis is around 3-5 years. Although some cases of ALS are inherited, in the vast majority of cases the cause of ALS is unknown. ALS is a neurodegenerative disorder, meaning it is characterized by the degeneration and death of neurons. Specifically, the affected neurons in ALS are called upper and lower motor neurons. Upper motor neurons extend from the cerebral cortex or brainstem and carry motor information down to the spinal cord. Lower motor neurons extend from the spinal cord or brainstem to skeletal muscle to cause movement. Degeneration of upper motor neurons often is responsible for spasticity and modest weakness, but degeneration of lower motor neurons causes more disabling weakness. As the motor neurons stop working, muscles also begin to atrophy. Mutations in several genes have been linked to the development of ALS, but the effects of the mutations are not completely clear and the mechanism that causes neurodegeneration in ALS is still not understood. Similar to other neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease, ALS is characterized by the accumulation of dysfunctional proteins within neurons. Although the impact of these protein groups or aggregates is unclear, it is hypothesized that they could impair neuronal function. There also are a number of other mechanisms proposed to play a role in neurodegeneration in ALS and it is likely more than one is involved. kzread.info/dash/bejne/nYOizZuBmJWWlco.html

  • @thewatchcollector007
    @thewatchcollector0072 жыл бұрын

    my dad has been taking statins from 2017 and got diagnosed with ALS in 2020, and passed away this year

  • @John-tp5gc

    @John-tp5gc

    Жыл бұрын

    is there a known link between statins and ALS?

  • @ASHUTOSHSHUKLA-ko3ct

    @ASHUTOSHSHUKLA-ko3ct

    5 күн бұрын

    May Almighty give you and your family power to overcome this, Hare Krishna Hare Rama Rama Rama Hare Hare🙏

  • @becksbeauty1627
    @becksbeauty16272 жыл бұрын

    My son is passing through this problem he is just 21 years old 😭😭😭😭

  • @ernestk522

    @ernestk522

    2 жыл бұрын

    the worst part to is you have to watch him go through it i'm very sorry for you😔

  • @herrickdynamics9419

    @herrickdynamics9419

    2 жыл бұрын

    I really appreciate #drabumerecancureyou here on KZread for curing my dad off his 4 years ALS with his herbal medicine. Thanks doc.

  • @karlmia9421

    @karlmia9421

    2 жыл бұрын

    Herbal medication is the best for treating ALS disease, Dr ALUDA herbal medication on KZread worked best for me.

  • @disconnectuserectus2980

    @disconnectuserectus2980

    9 ай бұрын

    you are a very strong mother , I will pray for you and your son.

  • @ummabdu4862

    @ummabdu4862

    2 ай бұрын

    How is your son now?

  • @salvadoroliveira6632
    @salvadoroliveira66329 ай бұрын

    Let's suppose that the inadvertent methylation of cytosines in CAG triplet repeats, followed by spontaneous methylation of said C in CAGCAGCAG... resulting in a TAG ( transcribed as UAG in mRNA) could be a mechanism that causes this disease; could decitabine slow down the inadvertent methylation enough to halt the disease? And, since selenocysteine can be incorporated when a stop codon meets a ribosome, could an enhanced supplement of selenocysteine prevent the truncation of proteins?

  • @aghaagha-et3if
    @aghaagha-et3if2 ай бұрын

    What a treatment properly please tell me

  • @aghaagha-et3if
    @aghaagha-et3if2 ай бұрын

    Good

  • @ncammoto7729
    @ncammoto77298 ай бұрын

    My dad diagnosed this yr and died last oct 4 :(

  • @anamy
    @anamy4 жыл бұрын

    💡💡💡Question For any med students: 💡💡💡 what effect would external activation (e.g. electrodes) have on the progression of muscular atrophy? Supplying the activating signals externally to trigger muscle contractions. I know it isn't the same thing as a self-trigged movement but I'm curious. If that wouldn't work, why not implant electrodes on the degenerated motoneurons, allowing one to detect when the patient is sending their weakened signals to them, and then boost their signal with circuitry? Sure it won't give them a high fidelity of control but at least the boosted signal will keep the muscles active? This tech has been around since morse code relay stations. *prepares for the onslaught of insults"

  • @sashasoule4585

    @sashasoule4585

    3 жыл бұрын

    Ive read research that suggested pulsing charges through the damaged spinal chord of mice allowed for innervation to occur and facilitated regaining muscle movement in some specimen. This was in healthy mice with impact trauma to the spine ( a mini hammer dropped on surgically exposed spinal chord for those of you wondering). In the case of ALS, some regeneration is possible potentially, the regeneration would have to be faster than the rate of degeneration of course, and would possibly have to occur with early onset ALS. With technology as advanced as it is I wouldn't be surprised if all the potential problems with your idea weren't already easily accounted for. If you know Teslas story you'll know exactly why these simple solutions are not touched upon.

  • @wakylaugh

    @wakylaugh

    7 ай бұрын

    Med students? U need to ask a neurologist

  • @becksbeauty1627
    @becksbeauty16272 жыл бұрын

    What is the cost of this disease

  • @Scary_Mar0
    @Scary_Mar03 жыл бұрын

    So, I suppose this is what took Steven hillenburg away from us.

  • @maimostafa513
    @maimostafa5133 жыл бұрын

    The disease of Moamen Zakaria 😭😭😭😭😭😭 he was a footballer in Egypt 🤕 he was very talented Really sad 😭 God save him 💔💔💔💔

  • @joshmorgan4170

    @joshmorgan4170

    3 жыл бұрын

    Does anyone still doubt natural herbs? I have seen the great importance of natural herbs and the wonderful work they have done in people's lives. I wonder why people still spend their money on surgeries, injections, and medications every time they get sick. Natural herbs can cure all kinds of diseases, including herpes, diabetics, asthma, cancer, ALS, hepatitis, etc. I have seen it with my own eyes. I was cured of irritable bowel syndrome and my sister and her husband were cured of herpes by Dr. Alede, who uses natural herbs to cure different types of illnesses. Even Dr. Alede proved to the whole world that natural herbs can cure all diseases and he healed countless people using natural herbs. I know it's hard to believe, but I am a living testimony. There is nothing wrong with trying herbs. Contact Dr. Alede (email). dr.aledeherpescure321@gmail.com Come and thank me later ✌️

  • @abdallahahmed6218

    @abdallahahmed6218

    3 жыл бұрын

    Is it really his diagnosis ?

  • @maimostafa513

    @maimostafa513

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@abdallahahmed6218 unfortunately yes 😞

  • @abdallahahmed6218

    @abdallahahmed6218

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@maimostafa513 may Allah help him I have just studied that lecture

  • @maimostafa513

    @maimostafa513

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@abdallahahmed6218 I believe that there's going to be a treatment for all the diseases which mankind face .. we just need to be always believing and not to lose faith ❤

  • @user-ms8yn6oi7e
    @user-ms8yn6oi7e5 ай бұрын

    Please help me I'm suffering ALS one year

  • @ASHUTOSHSHUKLA-ko3ct

    @ASHUTOSHSHUKLA-ko3ct

    5 күн бұрын

    May Almighty give you strength and power to overcome this, I pray for you that you get proper medication and healing capacity 🙏

  • @freedomiseverything2767
    @freedomiseverything27673 жыл бұрын

    I've been paying attention on how these diseases work and it works very similar too prion disease which is a misfolded protein that causes an excess amount of calcium into the neuron cell causing it to die all the symptoms are exactly the same If this is the same reason for ALS is potentially could be slowed down just by using calcium blockers like oxalates unfortunately oxalates in high enough concentrations can be lethal but we do consume a lot of these everyday without even realizing it

  • @davidvallejo1801

    @davidvallejo1801

    Жыл бұрын

    the reason those blockers are lethal in high doses is because calcium is essential for neuron function. Use enough to slow the effects of als, you cause a bunch of other problems :(

  • @arnauvizcarramiserachs6318
    @arnauvizcarramiserachs63187 жыл бұрын

    Nice but should try to add treatments

  • @yufeistaken

    @yufeistaken

    4 жыл бұрын

    if there is a treatment they definitely add it

  • @seanharris8419

    @seanharris8419

    10 ай бұрын

    There are no treatments. The harsh reality is that this disease is 100% fatal. Whether it’s 2 years or 20 years, you will not beat it.

  • @Gurl-5150
    @Gurl-51502 жыл бұрын

    Say it with me people: STEM CELL RESEARCH!!!

  • @denisedube2340
    @denisedube23404 жыл бұрын

    My goal is to have my nutrition protocol theory to treat ALS Disease, Parkinson’s Disease and some cases of Alzheimer’s studied, then if validated, treat or at least stop the progression or prevent these diseases. So far I have shared it with researchers, foundations even government suggesting animal trials on animals who already have the conditions but no one has yet shown interest. I think they might be dismissing my theory based on its simplicity that would require no medication, just a few dietary changes (no seafood, dairy or spirulina), 2 amino acid supplements (one introduced at a gradually increasing dose) and a natural ingestible product that is used to trap mercury and I theorize may also trap the BMAA neurotoxin. This product given before starting one of the amino acids is gradually introduced.

  • @artemis3306

    @artemis3306

    4 жыл бұрын

    can you elaborate further how that theory would help treat ALS disease, PD and AD?

  • @denisedube2340

    @denisedube2340

    4 жыл бұрын

    BMAA, a neurotoxin produced by blue-green algae and concentrated in seafood from algae bloom-rich waters (often polluted waters) found in hair samples of ALS patients seems to take up an amino acid receptor site on motor neurones because it’s molecular structure is similar to the amino acid that should be occupying the receptor site. The problem is just supplementing with the amino acid made symptoms worse according to a study. I theorize this is because while the supplemental amino acid took up its rightful position on the motor neurones, it displaced the neurotoxin, BMAA, that was previously attached to the receptor, resulting in a flood of BMAA into circulation at once then attaching to new motor neurone receptors, rendering those motor neurone incapable of functioning normally. My theory would experiment with a product that might trap BMAA in circulation by first testing it in vitro. If it does attract BMAA into its molecular structure, then I would expect it (the ensemble of the product and the neurotoxin linked together) to be eliminated via urine. Gradually providing the above mentioned amino acid in small and possibly gradual increased dose all while taking the above mentioned product before meals and supplement. The second amino acid was shown to hamper BMAA from attaching to receptor sites. I can’t say more because I can’t recommend anything unless it is scientifically proven safe and effective and I wouldn’t want anyone to make their condition worse by experimenting. The product I have in mind would also trap some medications so that would eventually need to be considered as well. So far I haven’t received any replies except the American ALS Association. They read my theory but they only donate to university peer reviewed scientific protocol proposals. The universities I’ve written to or called have not relpied to me.

  • @ahasiikuyu8001

    @ahasiikuyu8001

    4 жыл бұрын

    Are you a neuroscience?

  • @ghirardellichocolate201

    @ghirardellichocolate201

    3 жыл бұрын

    Great, you have nothing to lose. So find the nutrition that works best for you and does not affect your body negatively. Like if your stomach is acidic, you want to eat basic food. I would sit on Legumes, almost forgot to mention those.

  • @m0nzTaa

    @m0nzTaa

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for dedicating researching this horrible disease. As my grandpa died of als, i wish this on no one.

  • @hangz--tight3764
    @hangz--tight37642 жыл бұрын

    👍

  • @funkyflights
    @funkyflights Жыл бұрын

    Is it the immune system that attacks the neurons ?

  • @neurochallenged

    @neurochallenged

    Жыл бұрын

    It's not clear what causes the neuronal death in ALS. There is some emerging evidence of immune system abnormalities, but the evidence is not conclusive in pointing to a role for the immune system in causing the death of neurons. A lot more research is needed.

  • @seanharris8419

    @seanharris8419

    10 ай бұрын

    It’s a theory, but one of many.

  • @funkyflights

    @funkyflights

    10 ай бұрын

    @@neurochallenged … Interesting, thanks ✊

  • @storyvi9530
    @storyvi95302 жыл бұрын

    I may have this. Waiting to see neurologist which takes quite a bit in the uk. Not afraid to die, when you gotta go you gotta go. But I have some seizure type turns when I sleep. I have weakness on one side, a stammer, twitch and sometimes on/off I can't walk properly. I now have trouble swallowing and twitches in my face. It could be something else. I've had a death experience before, cannot explain it. I was an athiest then and saw a glimpse of heaven. Funny how the religious see hell and I saw heaven. I'm agnostic now. Something is up there, but I don't think it/they had anything to do with our cults.

  • @joannemendozavita4744

    @joannemendozavita4744

    2 жыл бұрын

    how are u now?

  • @ernestk522

    @ernestk522

    2 жыл бұрын

    you have a positive attitude and glad to see you belive in god your just like me not afraid of death and understanding everyone goes eventually i hope your okay

  • @guy8612

    @guy8612

    Жыл бұрын

    how are you now bro?

  • @rosaineee
    @rosaineee2 ай бұрын

    Jesus Christ healed me from ALS disease when i was diagnosed i was just 7 years old now i am 17 i am healthier than ever

  • @parth_perception
    @parth_perception7 жыл бұрын

    this video contains very basic info ... plz elaborate this topic ... it'll be very helpfull ...

  • @arnauvizcarramiserachs6318

    @arnauvizcarramiserachs6318

    7 жыл бұрын

    man this is a 2 minut kind of video that he usually does, what were you waiting for... -.-

  • @Dr.MaorPich

    @Dr.MaorPich

    5 жыл бұрын

    what did you expect in 2 minutes >

  • @miro1mimi

    @miro1mimi

    4 жыл бұрын

    This is just a summary in 2 minutes.

  • @parth_perception

    @parth_perception

    4 жыл бұрын

    I know this is 2 min. Video .. but the explanation is good .. we can expect more ..

  • @ellaelliott4415

    @ellaelliott4415

    2 жыл бұрын

    If you want a more extensive explanation, I’d search for a different video. I think this video did a good job describing the BASICS of this disease. It served its purpose

  • @ghirardellichocolate201
    @ghirardellichocolate2013 жыл бұрын

    ALS treatment is a back sponge. The long worm like ones?

  • @morgiemorgs5114
    @morgiemorgs51142 жыл бұрын

    i got this LOL i got diagnosed at like 15 i think

  • @ernestk522

    @ernestk522

    2 жыл бұрын

    15 holly how you doing keep strong

  • @karlmia9421

    @karlmia9421

    2 жыл бұрын

    Herbal medication is the best for treating ALS disease, Dr ALUDA herbal medication on KZread worked best for me.

  • @peterglevine3660
    @peterglevine36603 жыл бұрын

    Why pronounce the name incorrectly the first time you say it? The "A" is pretty important.

  • @raghuvenkatesan6792

    @raghuvenkatesan6792

    Жыл бұрын

    Yea

  • @hatsnemikuregi
    @hatsnemikuregi9 ай бұрын

    渐冻症

  • @RespiratoryDrive-vy9ih
    @RespiratoryDrive-vy9ih4 жыл бұрын

    I have a patient with ALS. A 40 year old Latino male. He is my age and needs help with everything. A terrible disease that slowly robs you of your dignity. If there is a god, and "he's" all powerful, "he" is a terrible deity and deserves no praise.

  • @zeinabghamlouch9920

    @zeinabghamlouch9920

    4 жыл бұрын

    if you are in the health care field and are treating patients, you must have gone through many chemistry and biology classes. What you learned in those classes is enough proof that God is real. How do you learn about the human body and how precise it is and still not believe that God is real? Who created you???? I am sorry about your patient but his condition is no reason for you to not believe. At times God puts us in hard situations to test our belief and patience, but you have clearly failed.

  • @necx5510

    @necx5510

    4 жыл бұрын

    Zeinab Ghamlouch stfu

  • @poser7869

    @poser7869

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@zeinabghamlouch9920 stfu

  • @goead

    @goead

    4 жыл бұрын

    religion plays no role in this. Typical atheist.

  • @mhassanhussain5681

    @mhassanhussain5681

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@zeinabghamlouch9920 WATCH my QIRAT YOU'LL LOVE IT INSHAALLAH meri kzread.info/dash/bejne/daCqyZKJmZzbYJs.html

  • @fufurabumbacka
    @fufurabumbacka9 ай бұрын

    ALS is a GODS GIFT.

  • @disconnectuserectus2980

    @disconnectuserectus2980

    9 ай бұрын

    no one can like this gift

  • @amenhotep7704

    @amenhotep7704

    5 ай бұрын

    Explain to us why you perceive it as a God's gift ? Enlight us...

  • @stevegibson2255
    @stevegibson2255 Жыл бұрын

    The narration is spoken much much too quickly and for people who are NOT familiar with the american accent AND hard of hearing this video is useless for me to listen to

  • @User2rd
    @User2rd6 жыл бұрын

    Very helpful, but please less of the valley-girl "English". Not all of us understand young ''mericans'.

  • @neurochallenged

    @neurochallenged

    6 жыл бұрын

    Can you give an example of where you're hearing "valley-girl 'English'" in the video?

  • @thegingerscientist6066

    @thegingerscientist6066

    5 жыл бұрын

    What a weird ass comment?

  • @ahasiikuyu8001

    @ahasiikuyu8001

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@thegingerscientist6066 😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂

  • @miro1mimi

    @miro1mimi

    4 жыл бұрын

    Are you okay?

  • @jennrallee1557

    @jennrallee1557

    3 жыл бұрын

    What are you even talking about!!?

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