Your Body's Molecular Machines

These are the molecular machines inside your body that make cell division possible. Animation by Drew Berry at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research. wehi.tv
Special thanks to Patreon supporters:
Joshua Abenir, Tony Fadell, Donal Botkin, Jeff Straathof, Zach Mueller, Ron Neal, Nathan Hansen
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Every day in an adult human roughly 50-70 billion of your cells die. They may be damaged, stressed, or just plain old - this is normal, in fact it’s called programmed cell death.
To make up for that loss, right now, inside your body, billions of cells are dividing, creating new cells.
And cell division, also called mitosis, requires an army of tiny molecular machines.DNA is a good place to start - the double helix molecule that we always talk about.
This is a scientifically accurate depiction of DNA. If you unwind the two strands you can see that each has a sugar phosphate backbone connected to the sequence of nucleic acid base pairs, known by the letters A,T,G, and C.
Now the strands run in opposite directions, which is important when you go to copy DNA. Copying DNA is one of the first steps in cell division. Here the two strands of DNA are being unwound and separated by the tiny blue molecular machine called helicase.
It literally spins as fast as a jet engine! The strand of DNA on the right has its complimentary strand assembled continuously but the other strand is more complicated because it runs in the opposite direction.
So it must be looped out with its compliment strand assembled in reverse, section by section. At the end of this process you have two identical DNA molecules, each one a few centimeters long but just a couple nanometers wide.
To prevent the DNA from becoming a tangled mess, it is wrapped around proteins called a histones, forming a nucleosome.
These nucleosomes are bundled together into a fiber known as chromatin, which is further looped and coiled to form a chromosome, one of the largest molecular structures in your body.
You can actually see chromosomes under a microscope in dividing cells - only then do they take on their characteristic shape.
The process of dividing the cell takes around an hour in mammals. This footage is from a time lapse. You can see how the chromosomes line up on the equator of the cell. When everything is right they are pulled apart into the two new daughter cells, each one containing an identical copy of DNA.
As simple as it looks, this process is incredibly complicated and requires even more fascinating molecular machines to accomplish it. Let’s look at a single chromosome. One chromosome consists of two sausage-shaped chromatids - containing the identical copies of DNA made earlier. Each chromatid is attached to microtubule fibers, which guide and help align them in the correct position. The microtubules are connected to the chromatid at the kinetochore, here colored red.
The kinetochore consists of hundreds of proteins working together to achieve multiple objectives - it’s one of the most sophisticated molecular mechanisms inside your body. The kinetochore is central to the successful separation of the chromatids. It creates a dynamic connection between the chromosome and the microtubules. For a reason no one’s yet been able to figure out, the microtubules are constantly being built at one end and deconstructed at the other.
While the chromosome is still getting ready, the kinetochore sends out a chemical stop signal to the rest of the cell, shown here by the red molecules, basically saying this chromosome is not yet ready to divide
The kinetochore also mechanically senses tension. When the tension is just right and the position and attachment are correct all the proteins get ready, shown here by turning green.
At this point the stop signal broadcasting system is not switched off. Instead it is literally carried away from the kinetochore down the microtubules by a dynein motor. This is really what it looks like. It has long ‘legs’ so it can avoid obstacles and step over the kinesins, molecular motors walking the other direction.
Studio filming by Raquel Nuno

Пікірлер: 12 000

  • @besmart
    @besmart6 жыл бұрын

    47 trillion ATPs were harmed in the making of this video

  • @blahblahjumpswing1504

    @blahblahjumpswing1504

    6 жыл бұрын

    bwuhahahahaa

  • @filthyfilter2798

    @filthyfilter2798

    5 жыл бұрын

    AAAAAAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHA :D :'D ^_^

  • @spock7945

    @spock7945

    5 жыл бұрын

    49 in my case! i am {{cough}} _slightly_ overweight!

  • @darkferiousity

    @darkferiousity

    5 жыл бұрын

    Airline Transport Pilots?

  • @TordoRodado

    @TordoRodado

    5 жыл бұрын

    xD LOL

  • @user-lw3iu7yt5g
    @user-lw3iu7yt5g4 жыл бұрын

    I am ashamed that so many mechanisms in each of my cells are working hard for my meaningless life

  • @Skjorrious

    @Skjorrious

    4 жыл бұрын

    Damn bro, right in the relateable

  • @thedropperts185

    @thedropperts185

    4 жыл бұрын

    Go out amd do something different then.

  • @MajorasWrath1

    @MajorasWrath1

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@thedropperts185 capitalism makes that a wee bit difficult

  • @deviateedits

    @deviateedits

    4 жыл бұрын

    Majora Well communism makes it harder

  • @MajorasWrath1

    @MajorasWrath1

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@deviateedits the only thing communism does is prevent anyone from amassing enough resources to exploit other people with. i.e., preventing someone from owning extra houses or patches of land. Dumbass.

  • @laurachapple6795
    @laurachapple6795 Жыл бұрын

    I absolutely love knowing that my body is full of Little Guys running around. Next time I get into a depression I will try reminding myself that the Little Guys are working very hard to keep me going.

  • @bigboi9856

    @bigboi9856

    Жыл бұрын

    I really like this comment.

  • @issustaita

    @issustaita

    11 ай бұрын

    Give them a raise and let them unionize. Words mean nothing.

  • @Xamkoz

    @Xamkoz

    11 ай бұрын

    This one comment is kinda satisfying. The are actually working their hardest, and I'm clearly not.

  • @wliaputs

    @wliaputs

    11 ай бұрын

    Live healthy and happy then, stop destroying their world

  • @bubbleteaa9366

    @bubbleteaa9366

    11 ай бұрын

    💗💗

  • @shreeshavitthala
    @shreeshavitthala Жыл бұрын

    Hats off to the guys who made the animation, it is just fantastic

  • @groentoft

    @groentoft

    5 ай бұрын

    Hats off to the Guy who invented these micro-machines.

  • @user-mt1qw4vp2t

    @user-mt1qw4vp2t

    Ай бұрын

    Ага . Джордж Лукас снимает гораздо фантастичнее .

  • @armada2390
    @armada23903 жыл бұрын

    I feel like a planet now. Like I'm home to these little guys that work so hard every day. So crazy

  • @EHMM

    @EHMM

    3 жыл бұрын

    They are your slaves

  • @armada2390

    @armada2390

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@EHMM lol right?

  • @liggerstuxin1

    @liggerstuxin1

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@EHMM and we are slaves to the machine of our world. Now what is our world a slave to? As above so below they say. What are the limits for the sizes?

  • @BrianMasters-nr3ws

    @BrianMasters-nr3ws

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@EHMM You will be assimilated !!!

  • @joytimmermans

    @joytimmermans

    3 жыл бұрын

    The crazy thing is that they are part of you. But you also have billions of foreign bacteria and organsism living inside of you. And it is a symbiotic relationship where if you would remove them you would not function, like your gut bacteria. So i think of it as, YOU are your brain. And your body is a vessel / machine that everyone works together on and that you share

  • @AutPen38
    @AutPen383 жыл бұрын

    I need some of those helicase machines to untangle my earphones.

  • @Jakethatguy221

    @Jakethatguy221

    3 жыл бұрын

    Hilarious 🤣🤣

  • @ryukikenshi5357

    @ryukikenshi5357

    2 жыл бұрын

    🤣

  • @abtsamgondal5687

    @abtsamgondal5687

    2 жыл бұрын

    After watching this video, I officially refuse to believe that all of this happened by "chance". Billions of people, all having small intricate processes inside them, meticulously working in harmony as if... something designed it with purpose...

  • @commonhousehuman

    @commonhousehuman

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@abtsamgondal5687 Bruh why you put this in two replys

  • @SamsonGuest

    @SamsonGuest

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@abtsamgondal5687 you're sure you didn't refuse to believe long before that video? Sounds like you already believed something different totally unrelated to the video.

  • @grkuntzmd
    @grkuntzmd11 ай бұрын

    A genetics class that I took before starting medical school was one of my favorite classes of all time, but I have never seen a 3-D animation of what the molecular machines look like. This is fascinating. Thank you.

  • @Dr_Doctor_Lee
    @Dr_Doctor_Lee Жыл бұрын

    astounding. honor to the scientists figuring this out and making it public, and honor to you for making it easy accessable. many thanks

  • @SalvableRuin

    @SalvableRuin

    11 ай бұрын

    Honour to God for designing it all.

  • @Dr_Doctor_Lee

    @Dr_Doctor_Lee

    11 ай бұрын

    @@SalvableRuin please shut up. for gods love please shut up

  • @GMC-qo9xi

    @GMC-qo9xi

    11 ай бұрын

    @@SalvableRuinWe were lead to believe early on (18/1900’s) with Darwin’s theory that the smaller things got the more simple they were... like the building blocks of physics and physical life was based upon the most simple things happening to get life started... but the truth is that it was completely the opposite and is part and parcel to the proof that nothingness cannot manufacture such things randomly, for no reason, or without guidance... (ie. believing that everything coming from nothing randomly requires the most faith, when shown the level of complexity.) No scientific mind can explain how a DNA replicator evolves.... as what is it based on? => irreducible complexity. It can’t be explained through mutation.

  • @weltschmerzistofthaufig2440

    @weltschmerzistofthaufig2440

    9 ай бұрын

    @@GMC-qo9xi You are sorely mistaken about the proponents of evolution. Evolution excellently explains how DNA replication and the proteins facilitating this process evolved from much simpler processes in unicellular organisms, billions of years ago. We already knew that even the simplest of cells had much complexity within them, and they had been evolved through evolution. There is no such thing as irreducible complexity: the simplest of mechanisms billions of years ago gave rise to much more complicated processes through the systematic process of evolution. Why do you need to explain this complexity through God? Is it not more reasonable to believe that God designed evolution, and it was with evolution that life diversified? Why are God and evolution mutually exclusive?

  • @GMC-qo9xi

    @GMC-qo9xi

    9 ай бұрын

    @@weltschmerzistofthaufig2440 yes of course it’s ‘more reasonable’... to think evolution exists for no reason at all is beyond belief. So to whatever degree that it is actually a correct theory/explanation, then it’s just another ‘program’ that has been written. However, you are (also) making assertions that are merely assumptions... ie. where are the missing links? With all the diversity we see, from simple to complex, where are the organisms you are referring to that show where/how a DNA replicator can be designed “naturally”... where is the proof of the actual building blocks? They are not available-like at all! Yet people just go on assuming they were there-like as if it was so obvious. =huge fallacy =logical hole.

  • @Microbex
    @Microbex5 жыл бұрын

    I am giving my body way to little appreciation.

  • @Novak2611

    @Novak2611

    5 жыл бұрын

    very true.

  • @nadjibe

    @nadjibe

    5 жыл бұрын

    My little robots r high 😧

  • @JandCanO

    @JandCanO

    5 жыл бұрын

    We all are. And this is in all life

  • @TheRABIDdude

    @TheRABIDdude

    5 жыл бұрын

    The same can be said for your respect of spelling. Too*

  • @sakadabara

    @sakadabara

    5 жыл бұрын

    Mikkel Christensen , the body is mortal, you’d better take more care of your soul , as the soul is eternal.

  • @DanielCoutoF
    @DanielCoutoF3 жыл бұрын

    Whenever people call me lazy again i'll show them this video, just living takes a lot of work, if I was truly lazy i would be dead.

  • @friedegg3732

    @friedegg3732

    2 жыл бұрын

    just cause youre body isnt lazy doesnt mean you arent

  • @DP-ot6zf

    @DP-ot6zf

    2 жыл бұрын

    If you're gonna go that way, then, since atoms are almost entirely empty space, and you're nothing but atoms, you're almost completely non-existent.

  • @friedegg3732

    @friedegg3732

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@DP-ot6zf and it also means youre not human, as we are 60% bacteris

  • @DanielCoutoF

    @DanielCoutoF

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@DP-ot6zf i'm not empty space, you are empty space.

  • @elieli56

    @elieli56

    2 жыл бұрын

    I have found the 3rd type of person in this world 🤣🤣🤣🤣

  • @SandraLily2
    @SandraLily211 ай бұрын

    God, the first machinist and factory designer. How cool!

  • @aerokasyeal4840

    @aerokasyeal4840

    2 ай бұрын

    Yes, alhamdolillah, every thing is a sign of God

  • @rodschmidt8952

    @rodschmidt8952

    2 ай бұрын

    These are all metaphors, of course.

  • @Sonsuzdayolculuk

    @Sonsuzdayolculuk

    2 ай бұрын

    ​@@rodschmidt8952bilimsel olarak insan gözü görmez. İnsan gözünün önünde görüntü var zannederken aslında görüntüyü beyninin içinde gözü olmadan görür. Bir daha düşün! Metafor mu yoksa yaratılış mı! Aklı şuuru olmayan atomlardan oluşmuş, gene aklı şuuru olmayan organizmalar dan oluşan bu yapıların bir akıl tarafından değil de kendi kendine hareket ettiğini düşünmek çok büyük bir akıl tutulması olsa gerek. Allah gerçek cennet cehennem gerçek..

  • @rolandlastname5532

    @rolandlastname5532

    Ай бұрын

    Easy to claim to be the inventor of this. Evidence, please. These machines are linked to evolution, though, contrary to what the bible claims

  • @EdTheWretch

    @EdTheWretch

    Ай бұрын

    All who here who think evolution is true, watch this video again and ask yourself the question HOW this process of "simple" cell division came out of nothing, created itself by nothingness or if it looks designed? Also why does all this happen in this way?

  • @alexmendez9627
    @alexmendez96276 ай бұрын

    Watching these extremely complex molecular machines is mind blowing! Everything works so perfectly between each other in a very creative way. We have so much more to learn. It should deserve more attention in school.

  • @Ihaveausernametoo
    @Ihaveausernametoo5 жыл бұрын

    One of the trippiest things ever to me is to simply be alive.

  • @GMC-qo9xi

    @GMC-qo9xi

    5 жыл бұрын

    Hallelujah! Hallelujah! Hallelujah!

  • @DaisyPusher

    @DaisyPusher

    4 жыл бұрын

    Its borrowed energy. Enjoy it 🙂

  • @josephgrueter890

    @josephgrueter890

    4 жыл бұрын

    To me, that anything should exist is equally as implausible that nothing should exist. The paradox of our reality is unrelentingly disturbing.

  • @alexbakerloo1979

    @alexbakerloo1979

    4 жыл бұрын

    There is purpose

  • @FDCLDN

    @FDCLDN

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thank God.

  • @Kazuma_De5u
    @Kazuma_De5u2 жыл бұрын

    Thank you tiny guys working hard inside me. Your hard work is appreciated . I will eat healthier and exercise more and tried to be less stressful to make the work a little easier for y’all.

  • @renatoigmed

    @renatoigmed

    2 жыл бұрын

    me: I hate my life. please stop work and go home.

  • @kevindevlieger300

    @kevindevlieger300

    Жыл бұрын

    I promise... for today. xD

  • @roryheaslip8260

    @roryheaslip8260

    Жыл бұрын

    @@renatoigmed Hey hey dont hate your life, it is a gift from your parents and you are a miracle. Have a good day.

  • @0ptimal

    @0ptimal

    Жыл бұрын

    Lol, yea. I used to express something very similar to the components of my immune system throughout covid. After all, placebo is a thing.

  • @BlinkinFirefly

    @BlinkinFirefly

    Жыл бұрын

  • @gobeaugo
    @gobeaugo Жыл бұрын

    One aspect of all this that I would like to see explored is the why and how, of these things actually 'walking' along the strands. This seems more mechanical in nature (rather than chemical or reactive), so it begs deeper questions of the mecahinics such as to why did they evolve the process in this way? Do they have joints? Do they carry their energy fuel with them? Can they run out of this fuel and what does that mean for the success of the larger purpose? (Etc, etc) In my mind, understanding the unique ways our cells communicate (and why they communicate that way) are the hidden keys to understanding 'life'.

  • @GMC-qo9xi

    @GMC-qo9xi

    11 ай бұрын

    They aren’t actually showing you evidence of the typical theory of evolution at this level... ask any scientific minded person how that DNA replicator (with error checking) ‘evolved’. What is it based on, or dependent on? Irreducible complexity is part and parcel to the difficulty of Darwin’s theory, as he believed that the smaller down the scale we went (while we were still unable to see what lied beyond the size of a cell), that the more simple these building blocks would be. But now long after we’ve accepted his idea as fact and with mere details to sort out, we are presented with information that doesn’t actual fit with his model at all. Yet cognitive dissonance (or some kind of memory loss/rationalization) quickly fills in the apparent voids, making these otherwise obvious issues invisible-instead of recognizing the glaring problem they reveal. (The presenter here doesn’t even know how to recognize when something he believes has fallen apart right before his very eyes. As all of this, according to those whom he listens to, came from nothing, for no reason, but random happenstance in a non existent chaos, where only some kind of ‘energy’ preexisted. Energy =the capacity to ‘do work’... and that’s all basically they got...) To still believe at this time the theory of the seeding sterile soup being struck with (something like) lightning bolts could produce the building blocks for that DNA replicator is not a reasonably sound logic. (The seeding material idea was never sound to begin with, nor is it something that can itself evolve-as they say it’s a one shot deal, never to happen again, with all evidence of it having been ‘consumed’ or used up in the process.) Instead of best viable theories, we’re instead dealing with the power of suggestion... =mind control... who wants us to believe the unbelievable and why? (What forces are at play that we have minds that are controllable by planting certain ideas?) Clearly anything is possible... like literally anything... and if what they say is to be believed, then there is no limit to what the potential possibilities actually are. Truth is stranger than the fiction... (our own desires are what leads us to believe fiction... as it’s merely a preference, like a flavour.)

  • @EdTheWretch

    @EdTheWretch

    Ай бұрын

    Scientists aren't there yet answering the WHY questions. First they need to understand WHAT happens and HOW it happens... Answers to the WHY questions are the Bible long time ago! 😉

  • @murrayrothtard6072

    @murrayrothtard6072

    16 күн бұрын

    Look up Irreducible Complexity.

  • @andrewliu6592

    @andrewliu6592

    6 күн бұрын

    1. I'm not quite sure about kinesin (oneof the walking proteins), but a lot of proteins have regions that dont have a single possible conformation, but instead can have space to wiggle 2. it uses the breaking of ATP, which is floating around in the cell, to power itself 3. Evolution doesn't really have a 'why', it's just that it happens to work the best, even if there might be a better solution (an example is how vertebrate eyes have a blind spot, while cephalopods do not)

  • @michaelball9225
    @michaelball922511 ай бұрын

    This is the finest explanation I have seen thus far. Keep up the great work ! !

  • @craftboy338
    @craftboy3385 жыл бұрын

    I need more animations like this; it's really fascinating to learn this stuff and a lot easier with accurate physical representation

  • @alephgates7519

    @alephgates7519

    5 жыл бұрын

    Get your popcorn Drew Berry Playlist :) kzread.info/dash/bejne/aXyfm8ycpJXVqrw.html

  • @GabTheAdventurer

    @GabTheAdventurer

    5 жыл бұрын

    Try to watch BBC - Our Secret Universe - The Hidden Life of a Cell, here's the briefing: Documentary exploring the inner world of the human cellular structure via the narrative of a viral infection from within the world of a single cell. Try to find it on dailymotion in 720p.. I'm sure you will love it! Edit, actually: www.dailymotion.com/video/x6agslv

  • @GabTheAdventurer

    @GabTheAdventurer

    5 жыл бұрын

    Thanks by that! I aprecciate it!@@alephgates7519

  • @hindugoat2302

    @hindugoat2302

    4 жыл бұрын

    the human brain was not designed to be able to understand this insane complexity and scale

  • @Quazi-moto

    @Quazi-moto

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@hindugoat2302 Or maybe it was. Maybe it just takes a lot of minds put together, over time, to be able to understand. Just like the rest of our advanced understanding of the natural world. One person alone doesn't stand much of a chance, but over many lifetimes humans begin to get a bigger, better picture of what is happening. But the everyday layman, like me? Unlikely we'll understand much more than a very basic explanation of what things do, and never the how or why of it all. So I guess you're half-right. Most brains will never grasp the complexity, only the fact that it IS extremely complex. It's very humbling to me. . . comparable to when I realized the size of the universe, and that we are so very small and insignificant on such a scale; to the point of irrelevance.

  • @mikey.p
    @mikey.p2 жыл бұрын

    I want so much more of this caliber of accurate visuals. This is time spent advancing human kind. Well done!

  • @alphagt62

    @alphagt62

    2 жыл бұрын

    I was watching a video about electron microscope views of these nano machines. The animation shown here is very much exactly like those images from the electron microscope, this is what they really look like. As he said, so much of this is not understood. We all know that each cell has a copy of its DNA, but what we just saw shows there are thousands of duplicate strands of DNA in each chromosome, why so many? And how are they actually dictating how the cell is built and function? I see it pulling them apart and duplicating them, but I see no wire or means of getting that information to the distant parts of the cell? The more of this stuff I see, the more I can’t believe any of this happened by pure chance or accident. And the power that makes every cell function comes from its mitochondria, and with the electron microscope it looks just like a car battery! Trillions of tiny car batteries are what power us, and allow us to walk and run, and compute and all the things we do.

  • @mikey.p

    @mikey.p

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@alphagt62 Yeah it's unreal. Once you realize all of these parts are moving with purpose, you just have to ask yourself, "what is directing all of this?" What programmed the parts that make all the DNA? It's all mind blowing.

  • @Daniel-Davies-Gonstead-Student

    @Daniel-Davies-Gonstead-Student

    Жыл бұрын

    @@mikey.p We have so so much left to learn. It just makes what was said at the end of the video all the more funny.

  • @manahoot7250

    @manahoot7250

    Жыл бұрын

    @@alphagt62 I just got my masters degree in Biochemistry and thats exactly the reason why decided to study this field. The whole thing seems to be utter chaos, but the more you understand the more it becomes the most beautiful Order, which just seems to be so well thought out. As the whole rules of physics just exist to make the live we see possible to exist. I am really not a religous person. But getting a deeper glimps into Biochemistry made me some what spiritual. It just doesn't seem to be logical that everything evolved the way we think it did. Thats the reason a Biochemist only asks "how" not "why". There are answers for all the question you asked. Just stay curious and you won't be disappointed. My prof. used to say "Biology is just chemistry making art" so go ahead and interpret it urself. !!!

  • @publicspace234

    @publicspace234

    Жыл бұрын

    @@manahoot7250 biology is just chemistry making art. I love that

  • @gcorriveau6864
    @gcorriveau686411 ай бұрын

    Absolutely mind boggling! Thanks for posting this.

  • @markusminder8053
    @markusminder80536 күн бұрын

    Utterly amazing. And you want me to believe this happened by chance - it is like a complicated factory. If this doesn't point to a creator I don't know what does.

  • @sharmaabhinaya
    @sharmaabhinaya3 жыл бұрын

    Kindly reminder: All these animations are more than 8 years old.

  • @robertpreisser3547

    @robertpreisser3547

    3 жыл бұрын

    And the complexity only keeps getting more amazing, not less!

  • @Mark-Wilson

    @Mark-Wilson

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@robertpreisser3547 but osoemthings we hav eimrpved upons o its kidna otudated but mostly right

  • @STORMFIRE07

    @STORMFIRE07

    2 жыл бұрын

    Where can I find newer animations?

  • @TacomaJak

    @TacomaJak

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@Mark-Wilson why did you type like this?

  • @rinnegone377

    @rinnegone377

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@TacomaJak it's an scp

  • @Unrealdruiddd
    @Unrealdruiddd3 жыл бұрын

    This was mind blowing, especially the walking guy.

  • @rainydaze4409

    @rainydaze4409

    3 жыл бұрын

    ikr, for some reason the little dude just walking like a little robot really does it for me. Idk why, it just seems more humanoid somehow, a little dude just walkin along doing his job.

  • @Tumbledweeb

    @Tumbledweeb

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@rainydaze4409 Which one? The ones that Dynein has to step over? That's Kinesin. They're pretty cute! I like how Dynein, instead of going roadrage on the Kinesin for getting in his lane, he comes up with a solution that works for everyone! :D I wonder if Dynein ever trips over the Kinesin, though.

  • @markhenri1131

    @markhenri1131

    2 жыл бұрын

    So it turns out I don’t need a puppy after all.

  • @user-nf1bz3sn4z

    @user-nf1bz3sn4z

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@markhenri1131 No, Don't hooman. doggo, needs you :(

  • @ingela_injeela

    @ingela_injeela

    2 жыл бұрын

    Thumbs up for the Designer!

  • @katbrown1449
    @katbrown1449 Жыл бұрын

    Love this. This is a series we need to teach in biology. Let's make one for chemistry students next y all. Then for pharmacology and physiology. That's great. Maybe even interactive for kids to play with. Some games. Let them hut it with diseases or othe rconditions or meds. For kids !! And college students !! This is the way to teacu science been hoping someone would do this!! Good job fellas!

  • @pawelpap9

    @pawelpap9

    11 ай бұрын

    You’d be surprised how many people already work on it. Just get a PhD in a relevant field and join them!

  • @thomasmann3560
    @thomasmann35602 ай бұрын

    Dude, I need so much more of this!!!

  • @LeafseasonMagbag
    @LeafseasonMagbag5 жыл бұрын

    If I didn't know about biology, I'd totally believe this was some aliens building their empire in a different dimension.

  • @jurjenvanderhoek316

    @jurjenvanderhoek316

    5 жыл бұрын

    And who built the aliens?

  • @jaysabol1821

    @jaysabol1821

    5 жыл бұрын

    @@jurjenvanderhoek316 ehhhhhh don't worry about

  • @WokeandProud

    @WokeandProud

    5 жыл бұрын

    @@jurjenvanderhoek316 Very simple natural laws and phenomena, look up emergence.

  • @WokeandProud

    @WokeandProud

    4 жыл бұрын

    @The Void Not an argument ignored.

  • @WokeandProud

    @WokeandProud

    4 жыл бұрын

    @buymebluepills Boring debunked strawman, inanimate objects are not the same as living systems with the ability to reproduce imperfectly, go away troll.

  • @KeepingOnTheWatch
    @KeepingOnTheWatch3 жыл бұрын

    Sometimes we’re waiting for a miracle to happen in our lives when in fact they’re happening in our bodies all the time.

  • @tamaking7104

    @tamaking7104

    2 жыл бұрын

    If a person is not convinced of the miracle of life, there's no point in Jesus appearing in the sky or turning water into wine to convince them.

  • @patrickmurphy9390

    @patrickmurphy9390

    2 жыл бұрын

    Stealing this quote! ;-)

  • @tonylee1667

    @tonylee1667

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@tamaking7104 Who created God, the ultimate complex miraculous being?

  • @tamaking7104

    @tamaking7104

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@tonylee1667 If God was created, he'd only be a "god". God is spirit and is eternal, uncreated, all powerful, all knowing, all wise, truth and love. Sometimes atheists throw this one out there. "Who created God" but their small imagination of who God is just another man made concept of a god that the bible calls an idol. Matter, space, time , the universe, life, all make sense when you understand they came from Spirit. The Big Bang does not explain origins.

  • @UploadsUnlimited

    @UploadsUnlimited

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@tonylee1667 That's a logical fallicy. We look to this world and ask who created it, only because we perceive its nature. There is no reason to ask who created a being whose nature or essence is imperceptible. God's essence is imperceptible. Of course the source of complexity must be uncomplex. We don't describe God's essence as complex, because there is a difference between transcendency/inconceivability and complexity. God is absolutely ONE, we can't assume in His essence any plurality.

  • @saurabhrawat3939
    @saurabhrawat3939 Жыл бұрын

    Your accent is so clear i don't even need subtitles ❤

  • @n_tsilivigos
    @n_tsilivigos Жыл бұрын

    This is amazing! Having the ability to see real depiction of how this machinery works!Powerful

  • @Sizukun1
    @Sizukun16 жыл бұрын

    Whoever did the animations for the walking machines did a great job; blew my mind away but made it easily understood. When's the pixar movie coming out about a tiny molecular machine?

  • @alishaokeeffe7574

    @alishaokeeffe7574

    6 жыл бұрын

    Sizukun1 there's a whole Ted talk about this particular animation I think

  • @alishaokeeffe7574

    @alishaokeeffe7574

    6 жыл бұрын

    Sizukun1 found it. Here's the link if you want to watch it www.ted.com/talks/drew_berry_animations_of_unseeable_biology/up-next

  • @FeloLato

    @FeloLato

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@alishaokeeffe7574 wow this comment is from 4 years ago

  • @JakeVermont19
    @JakeVermont196 жыл бұрын

    This is like a symphony played by an orchestra of physics, biology and chemistry. So amazing how everything works together.

  • @firecloud77

    @firecloud77

    5 жыл бұрын

    Imagine the intelligence required to organize it and set it in motion.

  • @pr3cious193

    @pr3cious193

    5 жыл бұрын

    @@firecloud77 go away

  • @firecloud77

    @firecloud77

    5 жыл бұрын

    @@pr3cious193 go away

  • @schwiftyfish7474

    @schwiftyfish7474

    5 жыл бұрын

    firecloud77 that’s an illogical argument. Because something is complex it naturally must be a supernatural being responsible?

  • @firecloud77

    @firecloud77

    5 жыл бұрын

    @@schwiftyfish7474 That's an illogical argument. If matter is intelligently organized it must have been organized by a "supernatural" being?

  • @nonta59
    @nonta593 ай бұрын

    speechless with wonder - am just in awe - thank you for expanding my horizons!

  • @ci.netproductions
    @ci.netproductions Жыл бұрын

    These are really cool visualizations and animations depicting what’s actually happening inside our body.

  • @firenzarfrenzy4985
    @firenzarfrenzy49852 жыл бұрын

    DNA replication is such a fascinating topic I just did an assessment on it and it’s so intricate. And that’s just at a high school level. There’s tonnes of other more minor roleplayers and small overlooked details that exist where you may be able to explain the process without them, but you’ll never grasp the full extend of the process if you omit their presence.

  • @scrambo6182

    @scrambo6182

    Жыл бұрын

    Doing it in college is an absolute mindfuck. Highly recommend pursuing it

  • @unknown-md4bc

    @unknown-md4bc

    Жыл бұрын

    Very true

  • @emmacavalier

    @emmacavalier

    Жыл бұрын

    In a biochemistry student and it gets more complicated for sure. Its fun to learn though.

  • @MinerBat

    @MinerBat

    5 ай бұрын

    You should watch the cartoon "once upon a time: life"

  • @princeofdew8980
    @princeofdew89805 жыл бұрын

    Motor proteins are so cute. I always catch myself thinking "I wish I could have some as pets" and then rememember I ACTUALLY *DO* HAVE THEM AS PETS YAY.

  • @ZachariahMBaird

    @ZachariahMBaird

    5 жыл бұрын

    Wut?

  • @mackenzierynebagtong8549

    @mackenzierynebagtong8549

    4 жыл бұрын

    Our whole body has it.

  • @sheleensowjanya9912

    @sheleensowjanya9912

    4 жыл бұрын

    More like slaves

  • @chumbucket6989

    @chumbucket6989

    4 жыл бұрын

    prince of dew / 露王子 Yesss please remember to feed and care for your biological nano bots!

  • @thecryogenicdrummer1110

    @thecryogenicdrummer1110

    4 жыл бұрын

    They're not pets, they're slaves! GET TO WORK SLAVES!

  • @robotboytrbmobile4945
    @robotboytrbmobile4945 Жыл бұрын

    I... I have no words... This is such an amazing process!

  • @thirumalr333
    @thirumalr3334 ай бұрын

    Veritasium is doing another level job omg😮

  • @litlehedgehog_1241
    @litlehedgehog_12412 жыл бұрын

    Props to the camera man that had to go through the inconvenient hassle of shrinking himself by 10s of 1000s of times and float through your body and get good shots of all the different components you talked about despite having no previous training or experience in this field.

  • @kuro.mp3126

    @kuro.mp3126

    Жыл бұрын

    It's a horror movie ngl

  • @Tigerisverycute

    @Tigerisverycute

    Жыл бұрын

    Yeah but it looks super cool

  • @ramoth777

    @ramoth777

    Жыл бұрын

    🤣

  • @jamedo8819

    @jamedo8819

    Жыл бұрын

    Props to *scientists.

  • @barryobama369

    @barryobama369

    Жыл бұрын

    Are these actual images or CGI?

  • @jameleddinelassoued7228
    @jameleddinelassoued72284 жыл бұрын

    "Either they're stressed, damaged or just old. " Me too cells, me too.

  • @livewireOrourke

    @livewireOrourke

    3 жыл бұрын

    😄

  • @paperclipismybias

    @paperclipismybias

    3 жыл бұрын

    😆😆

  • @damienjupe8553
    @damienjupe8553 Жыл бұрын

    Outstanding veritasium. That video is profound🤯 ❤

  • @katanaki3059
    @katanaki305923 күн бұрын

    This animation of the process is amazing!

  • @chilicheesetwat8490
    @chilicheesetwat84905 жыл бұрын

    One tiny little correction: Precisely, the term mitosis does not describe cell division, but rather the division of the cell‘s nucleus. Cell division is the sum of mitosis and a process called cytokinesis.

  • @slakoththesuperstar2639

    @slakoththesuperstar2639

    4 жыл бұрын

    👏

  • @robertacero9095

    @robertacero9095

    4 жыл бұрын

    The cell is processing to divide. It does a copy of everything not just the nucleus, in the s1 phase and s2 phase of interphase. By anaphase stage, cytokinesis simultaneously starts to divide the cell by cutting it in half, as ALL of the duplicated material are already on their side of the cell. So mitosis is describing cell division, its just that the cytokinesis(cutting part) stage has to start earlier. The cell is very efficient in not wasting time.

  • @aakashsubedi5662

    @aakashsubedi5662

    4 жыл бұрын

    division of nucleus is called karyokinesis.

  • @irai_nesanOfThamizhOrigin

    @irai_nesanOfThamizhOrigin

    4 жыл бұрын

    Ummm... MiToChOnDrIa Is ThE pOwErHoUsE tHe CeLl

  • @omkarmaharana5157

    @omkarmaharana5157

    4 жыл бұрын

    Mitosis/Cell Division consists of Karyokinesis(Nuclear Division) followed by Cytokinesis(Cell wall/membrane formation), so yeah Cell Division is Mitosis. Btw some cells also divide by meiosis but that's a different story.

  • @davidhand9721
    @davidhand97213 жыл бұрын

    The one thing that could be better about these animations (which I love as a biochemist) is the disclaimer that most of the motion is due to being battered from all directions by water molecules.

  • @srirampatnaik9164

    @srirampatnaik9164

    Жыл бұрын

    It's not because the free ends are unstable? That's what I always assumed!

  • @starburst98

    @starburst98

    Жыл бұрын

    Both, the free end is unstable and attaches readily to a valid free spot, at which point water is able to break free the other part.

  • @srirampatnaik9164

    @srirampatnaik9164

    Жыл бұрын

    @@starburst98 Oh that explains it. Thanks!

  • @darvon906

    @darvon906

    Жыл бұрын

    @@srirampatnaik9164 I'm a molecular scientist, and only me and about 5 other people understand exactly what is going on it's a contestion of replication.

  • @Daniel-Davies-Gonstead-Student

    @Daniel-Davies-Gonstead-Student

    Жыл бұрын

    @@darvon906 Haha, I have no doubt you don't truly know what is going on... No-one does *yet*

  • @Shellshock361
    @Shellshock36111 ай бұрын

    The cell definitely is incredibly complex. I've heard that different machines we use were actually inspired by the working machines inside of the cell. This astounding complexity makes me more appreciative of the intellect behind our existence. GOD.

  • @mattburton4392

    @mattburton4392

    11 ай бұрын

    Amen

  • @zorkzamboni

    @zorkzamboni

    11 ай бұрын

    No, it was a race of beings called the Zeloph, they created us because we produce a sort of dark matter energy that they use to lube their butts. They told me this themselves.

  • @coldmystery6754

    @coldmystery6754

    9 ай бұрын

    Its stupid nuts just how sophisticated all this is. I mean God is truly complex.

  • @SONOFGANONDORF
    @SONOFGANONDORF14 күн бұрын

    You definitely should be thankful and thanking your body for working so hard.

  • @nmarkose
    @nmarkose5 жыл бұрын

    And here I’m worrying about damn bills

  • @sophiacristina

    @sophiacristina

    4 жыл бұрын

    And it was basically made by those little machines...

  • @alextheskaterdude07

    @alextheskaterdude07

    4 жыл бұрын

    Capitalism!? 180 million died from socialism. But I guess you can step over all those dead bodies... or rather poll vault over them... to align with foreign propaganda to disassemble the free nations

  • @alextheskaterdude07

    @alextheskaterdude07

    4 жыл бұрын

    Before you bash capitalism which gave more people quality of life than anything throughout history, watch this. The “priviledged” “White people” argument won’t work as you will see. m.kzread.info/dash/bejne/dX6ctK9-h5Cbp9Y.html

  • @b33b1m0v3

    @b33b1m0v3

    4 жыл бұрын

    @Alexander Supertramp have you tried socialism? The bills are higher. Trust me.

  • @osamanagee594

    @osamanagee594

    4 жыл бұрын

    the meaning of life very very important kzread.info/dash/bejne/aZhlmKWph9OTn84.html

  • @sebastianelytron8450
    @sebastianelytron84506 жыл бұрын

    Anyone else just glad Derek is still alive?

  • @slendeaway7730

    @slendeaway7730

    6 жыл бұрын

    Sebastian Elytron Did something happen to him?

  • @sebastianelytron8450

    @sebastianelytron8450

    6 жыл бұрын

    Slendeaway He uploads once in a blue moon

  • @Muonium1

    @Muonium1

    6 жыл бұрын

    Well he's been very busy lately working on some Sex Junk and trying to figure out if there are more than 8 thousand genders.

  • @pinesyeet

    @pinesyeet

    6 жыл бұрын

    Hi Jesse, you're an idiot. Sincerely, humanity.

  • @amojak

    @amojak

    6 жыл бұрын

    I am guessing Jessie is one of the morons who disliked the video. Good job we are not relying on people like that to further our species :)

  • @idegteke
    @idegteke Жыл бұрын

    Whatever kind of sub-atomic particles build the atoms in this video up, they create atoms that look utterly simple and identical but, as soon as they start to meet with other atoms RANDOMLY (as we call it) and form proteins etc., they start to build structures that we can now see visualized making highly organised and unexpected things including multiplication - and, therefore, produce ideas like the one I written down in this comment. I must attribute this idea, too, to the particles that build my special atoms up to communicate this message.

  • @gregoryhancock6057
    @gregoryhancock60579 ай бұрын

    Absolutely amazing that a system more complicated and consistent then the manufacturing and distribution system that supports the entire planet came into being without any design whatsoever, even though every part of that system must co-exist in order to create itself.

  • @CNCmachiningisfun
    @CNCmachiningisfun6 жыл бұрын

    The noises coming from these nano machines keeps me awake at night. We need quieter ones ;) .

  • @cobalius

    @cobalius

    5 жыл бұрын

    Strange sounds and movements, i'm scared as well xD

  • @theb166-er3

    @theb166-er3

    5 жыл бұрын

    Give them a break ... :D :D

  • @Heretogasunu

    @Heretogasunu

    5 жыл бұрын

    *NANOMACHINES SON*

  • @xbjrrtc

    @xbjrrtc

    5 жыл бұрын

    It's scary.

  • @_Area-51

    @_Area-51

    5 жыл бұрын

    😂

  • @suruxstrawde8322
    @suruxstrawde83222 жыл бұрын

    And thus I've realized, the structural difference between a ps4 and a dog is layered mechanical complexity. The dog is a machine made of machines made of machines that keeps going on in further complexity until you reach the smallest ribosomes showed in this video. Whereas the ps4 on the other hand, is only about two or three layers of machines and is thus around the same complexity as a simple virus.

  • @luqman1983

    @luqman1983

    Жыл бұрын

    A simple virus is much more complicated than a ps5

  • @suruxstrawde8322

    @suruxstrawde8322

    Жыл бұрын

    @@luqman1983 Depends on the virus, a bacteriophage is in fact not. It's form is comprised of about as much complexity as a hex bug toy. Just a spiral latch mechanism attached to superficially leg-like spines, that pull a needle down and create a vacuum that blows RNA in. Different in it's functions and context but as far as individually working sections and ability- a phone or computer are both more complex than all viruses. They're literally just a ball of syringes with RNA inside in the majority of cases.

  • @suruxstrawde8322

    @suruxstrawde8322

    Жыл бұрын

    @@luqman1983 Now a living cell on the other hand is incredibly complex, like a building covered in sensors, and processing units, shifting microtubules, protein machines, all even with its own internal medium. But viruses have only a tiny fraction of that- they're not even alive.

  • @marios1861

    @marios1861

    Жыл бұрын

    @@luqman1983 not really. The processing unit in a ps5 is much more complicated. At the scale of 5-20nm, it has details smaller than a tiny bacteriophage.

  • @SpamMouse

    @SpamMouse

    Жыл бұрын

    @@marios1861 A virus does a LOT more than any electronic device with the stuff it has within it, unplug a PS5 and it's just warm silicon where as Covid-19 can go on a global world-tour.

  • @denizelim
    @denizelim Жыл бұрын

    I think that for new discoveries, not only the experts in biology, but also expert opinions in many different branches (even in branches that are not related at all) will be useful.

  • @tamayasha
    @tamayasha2 ай бұрын

    It's literally mind-blowing what those tiny guys are capable of. What a magnificent intelligence supports our living ❤

  • @ilkeryoldas
    @ilkeryoldas6 жыл бұрын

    Looks like a Cyrak animation

  • @HerrFenchel

    @HerrFenchel

    6 жыл бұрын

    xD indeed

  • @ZonkoKongo

    @ZonkoKongo

    6 жыл бұрын

    But this is even cooler

  • @pinodevideos

    @pinodevideos

    6 жыл бұрын

    Zonko Kongo nothing surpasses cyrak's animations

  • @jtktomb8598

    @jtktomb8598

    6 жыл бұрын

    what about the body that make cyrak animations :p ?

  • @thulyblu5486

    @thulyblu5486

    6 жыл бұрын

    *cyriak

  • @ProfessorPolitics
    @ProfessorPolitics6 жыл бұрын

    *Veritasium* : Every day, billions of your cells die. Either they're stressed, or damaged, or just old. *Me* : I'm a grad student. It's definitely the stress.

  • @RoySchl

    @RoySchl

    6 жыл бұрын

    that's not how you spell alcohol

  • @iCannoNz98

    @iCannoNz98

    6 жыл бұрын

    Professor Politics I'm up at 2 am doing a written report on helminths and protozoas fml

  • @xbjrrtc

    @xbjrrtc

    5 жыл бұрын

    Do you own a Klean Kanteen? Do you say "fair enough?"

  • @fitnesspoint2006

    @fitnesspoint2006

    5 жыл бұрын

    No one cares you are a grad student...really

  • @1TalldrinkH2O

    @1TalldrinkH2O

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@fitnesspoint2006 This person informed us that he/she is a grad student to make a point about stress killing cells. I'm sure you have a story that is valid too no one can tell your story, only their own.

  • @rod3134
    @rod3134 Жыл бұрын

    This is why messing with the DNA/RNA is a very bad thing. The biology of the body is extremely delicate ✨️

  • @JosephHarner

    @JosephHarner

    Жыл бұрын

    On the contrary. I think this shows just how incredibly *robust* the building blocks of life are. They're able to handle tremendous variability in starting conditions and work in highly chaotic environments, yet still complete their tasks with incredible reliability. "Good" or "Bad" is a question of results. If we modify DNA in a way that produces undesired results, that's bad. But if we can make changes that benefit us, then that is good.

  • @BlinkinFirefly
    @BlinkinFirefly Жыл бұрын

    Endlessly fascinating stuff. I am in almost disbelief that such order goes on inside my cells to make them exist and function and sustain me. Just utter wow O_O

  • @GMC-qo9xi

    @GMC-qo9xi

    11 ай бұрын

    Ask a scientific minded person how that DNA replicator with error checking manage to cobble itself together the first time.... what is it built upon? (What is the even smaller simpler version that it ‘mutated’ from?)

  • @BlinkinFirefly

    @BlinkinFirefly

    11 ай бұрын

    @@GMC-qo9xi It is my understanding that evolution had a VERY long time to slowly work out all the kinks, considering that life has existed on Earth for a few billion years. And, since science has already shown evidence of evolution happening even within a few decades for some species, it goes to show just how much can go on in just a seemingly split nanosecond of the entire biological timeline of life's existence.

  • @GMC-qo9xi

    @GMC-qo9xi

    11 ай бұрын

    @@BlinkinFirefly the model that you’re ascribing to is that it is only then a short leap, for space dust (materials, gases, etc.) to then turn into ‘living’ things. We’ve never seen, but for a supernatural once off, the spontaneous existence of material, come from non material, and life to come from non life... to play around with this slow, long, mechanism is dangerous to you mind. You have no logic or logical way to refute it. Except to know that evolution is nothing, in and of itself. It explain nothing of import. It does not explain life, it does not explain ‘the origin of the species’, it merely explain that creation as far as our timeline is concerned, takes time... but the point is our minds are constantly being controlled by forces, minds, powers greater than us, that would like for us to just succumb to our weakness(es)... like for an example to allow for a mere assumption to take place of reality, to take place of truth. To make us not question our existence in a meaningful way... like where we are motivated to try and actually understand how everything came from nothing... material, came from immaterial... and the meaning of such a thing is more important by a very long measure than, to understand the ins and out of adaptation, and whether or not one species can and will actually turn into a completely different one... we are hypnotized and this is why we are meant to help each other to know, the bits and pieces of truth (reality) that we may each and individually ‘know’... (look into what it means to ‘know’ something. It’s not what we are told. It’s actually something much more intimate, like union, communion, etc... It’s actually a bit of rabbit hole as a subject, as it gets into all sorts of seemingly unrelated areas, birth, rebirth, fruit, seed, propagation, maturity, etc... like the idea of being ‘fruitful’-before multiplying.) I’ll leave it at that... it’s meant to be cryptic, but some will know immediately what I’m actually saying. (Flesh give birth to flesh, as spirit gives birth to spirit... but what is spirit??? The world doesn’t acknowledge or know what spirit is in the true sense of what it means, only in the metaphorical sense.) (Look up the scientific meaning for energy, as in the source... what does it say?)

  • @GMC-qo9xi

    @GMC-qo9xi

    10 ай бұрын

    “Time” = mind control... ie. given enough time something can come from nothing (for no ‘reason’), and that nothing can turn into anything and will turn into everything... randomly, purposelessly...

  • @weltschmerzistofthaufig2440

    @weltschmerzistofthaufig2440

    9 ай бұрын

    @@GMC-qo9xi What are you rambling on about? Please be more succinct. There is no thesis statement or conclusion for your argument. Are you trying to chalk this up to supernatural means?

  • @DanielCoutoF
    @DanielCoutoF3 жыл бұрын

    I'm sure someone could dedicate his life to understand a single protein and would still not fully grasp how it actually works.

  • @Matt0sh

    @Matt0sh

    2 жыл бұрын

    Watch Derek's newest video. A professor has put a decade of his life to know why scorpions glow in ultraviolet light and he still hasn't found a good answer to it. It's just a single compound and he can't understand it fully.

  • @justdev8965

    @justdev8965

    2 жыл бұрын

    We're not meant to. Disrespecting our limit of understanding will just kill your time.

  • @vasilisa367

    @vasilisa367

    2 жыл бұрын

    Тем более странно ,что учитывая всё это , всё же многие не верят ,не жела́ют ,в то что всё не могло появиться само по себе

  • @nevermore7310

    @nevermore7310

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@justdev8965 we aren’t “meant” to do anything. And there is no set limits for our understanding. Don’t try to demoralize people into mediocrity like that.

  • @junodonatus4906

    @junodonatus4906

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@justdev8965 It is utter nonsense to claim that we are not meant to understand something. Who says? All the people that are alive because of a successful lung transplant would disagree with you.

  • @waddee30
    @waddee303 жыл бұрын

    I like when humans finally caught up to this advanced biological process and had to compare it to machines that humans created that lead to this discovery just to understand it.

  • @lindsaybrewer3689

    @lindsaybrewer3689

    Жыл бұрын

    Best comment ever💗

  • @robk8401

    @robk8401

    Жыл бұрын

    Humans did not realise that nature was building machines on Earth four billion years ago. Humans build clumsy machines compared with the molecular machines inside living cells.

  • @nhycohyesimon
    @nhycohyesimon6 ай бұрын

    Best video I’ve seen all year!

  • @Hesher
    @Hesher8 ай бұрын

    I recommend watching “Photon”, a polish movie with great animations where at the 2nd part of the movie there’s a topic about dividing cells and Parkinson’s disease - how it happens etc.

  • @camcordervisuals
    @camcordervisuals4 жыл бұрын

    Wow. My body is so amazing. Just wish my brain could realize that

  • @eggyrepublic

    @eggyrepublic

    3 жыл бұрын

    it just did

  • @gameswaterfall3765

    @gameswaterfall3765

    3 жыл бұрын

    I also wish the same Look my brain wants to understand this but it didn't realise it .🤓 How amazing it right?

  • @Bill-uo6cm

    @Bill-uo6cm

    3 жыл бұрын

    Funny.

  • @LastAvailableAlias

    @LastAvailableAlias

    3 жыл бұрын

    My brain is a big disappointment to my body.

  • @Bill-uo6cm

    @Bill-uo6cm

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@LastAvailableAlias That's true for everyone. Thinking is very hard.

  • @partizan1545
    @partizan15456 жыл бұрын

    So many workers down there. I wonder if they have a union

  • 6 жыл бұрын

    Partizan they are Marxist proles... constantly oppressed from the bourgoisie

  • @sciblastofficial9833

    @sciblastofficial9833

    5 жыл бұрын

    I just realized cancer cells are the USSR they're trying to seize the means of production

  • @judgeady2391

    @judgeady2391

    5 жыл бұрын

    @@sciblastofficial9833 actually it seems to make more sense the other way around. All cells work tirelessly for the greater good of the Organism, even dying if needed and totally neglecting their own welfare, which is kept in the hands of the Organism (the State). Cancer would be a kind of revolutionary cells which don't want to work for the good of the Organism but for their own, damaging other cells. Something like Capitalism.

  • @3deeguy

    @3deeguy

    5 жыл бұрын

    Adriano Adri, quote: _"Cancer would be a kind of revolutionary cells which don't want to work for the good of the Organism but for their own, damaging other cells. Something like Capitalism."_ Think of capitalism like this: *I am only compelled to raise enough food to satisfy the needs of my family and me. You are not entitled to help yourself to the fruits of MY labor. If you want to benefit from WHAT I HAVE DONE you will have to exchange 'value for value'.* *The flaw in socialism is this: "Everybody has a right to food." If I know the government has the power to TAKE what I've grown I'll stop growing it. It's really that simple.*

  • @nGUNNARp

    @nGUNNARp

    5 жыл бұрын

    They go on strike sometimes... That's when you get sick

  • @genezole
    @genezole5 ай бұрын

    Incredible animation and well explained 💯

  • @Dp270
    @Dp2702 ай бұрын

    I need this type of dedication in my life

  • @sailorondatea
    @sailorondatea5 жыл бұрын

    I hope "walking guy" is the official name of that molecule :D

  • @iLoveTurtlesHaha

    @iLoveTurtlesHaha

    5 жыл бұрын

    I hope so too. XD

  • @shaunsmith7651

    @shaunsmith7651

    4 жыл бұрын

    Sailor OnDaTea , gotta wonder what makes the walking guys function, and go they have their own DNA code? And, a bunch of their own walking guys!

  • @Jonathanatus

    @Jonathanatus

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@shaunsmith7651 You have to think of this guys as a few molecules working together. These are not really living things, more like these toys with springs to wind up. In Cells dna is used to build RNA and proteins which make the cell working as a hole and the walking guy is one of these proteins

  • @veovis523

    @veovis523

    4 жыл бұрын

    The walking proteins are called kinesins and dyneins. Kinesins carry things one way along the microtubule, and the dyneins go the other direction. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axonal_transport

  • @insylem

    @insylem

    4 жыл бұрын

    I wish I knew how walkingguy walked

  • @spinakker14
    @spinakker146 жыл бұрын

    Will robots take my molecular machines' jobs, too?

  • @lutyanoalves444

    @lutyanoalves444

    6 жыл бұрын

    you made my day! :D

  • @sizzlinsj8135

    @sizzlinsj8135

    6 жыл бұрын

    hope so.

  • @spinakker14

    @spinakker14

    6 жыл бұрын

    Lutyano Alves: I'm glad :) on a serious note though, nanobots are slowly becoming a reality, and they might work alongside our own molecular machines

  • @lutyanoalves444

    @lutyanoalves444

    6 жыл бұрын

    hopefully it will be a capitalist utopia, not a communist/corporativist one.

  • @calebr7199

    @calebr7199

    6 жыл бұрын

    Lutyano Alves But will it be gay though?

  • @JosephHarner
    @JosephHarner Жыл бұрын

    Incredible visualization. Looking at the kinetochore manufacturing its microtubules I can't help but wonder if it or a similar cellular system could be repurposed for the production of carbon nanotubes.

  • @corallall
    @corallall Жыл бұрын

    So smart... So amazing... So creative and innovative ideas!

  • @voiceofreason162
    @voiceofreason1624 жыл бұрын

    I have a background in computer sciences, and the section at 5:00 rings a bell for me. Networks do this all the time, puts together packets and sends them from point *A* to point *B*. Then there is a validation process the packets have to meet in order to be considered valid and to eradicate any error. So when the little guy is walking over counting the points, and the others are moving along the sides validating the elements, and information BEFORE it separates, it makes perfect sense to me why these processes are there. It's a program. A very complex, 3-dimensional program performed at the speed of a jet engine, trillions of times. And at the end each function is created, fits and connects to the whole, producing - one of us; and keeps us under a program of controls to manage the cellular transformation we undergo in a lifetime. Frankly, breathtaking.

  • @voiceofreason162

    @voiceofreason162

    4 жыл бұрын

    @Im Mike - Forgiven. The point is, you get the point. And when some atheist tries to ram down your throat how random this all is, remember this thought.

  • @DaveDevourerOfPineapple

    @DaveDevourerOfPineapple

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@voiceofreason162 Really profound comment and lovely to see a deep contemplation of this in relation to computer science. But the last comment is a little upsetting. It's a shame whenever you see this sort of atheist bashing. Atheism is nothing more than an expression of remaining unconvinced by the claim that a God exists - and usually the Gods propositioned by major world religions. As an atheist, (and one with a computer science bent also), this is no less fascinating to me. Random is a gross reduction of the incomphrensibly complex ages-long dance of life's fight for survival in this part of the universe. It'd be like if I said "Remember that the next time some theist tells you that some big man in the sky did it." To indulge myself a bit, I'm well open to the prospect that there is some underlying conscious fabric in the universe, perhaps even something we could call a God-entity. But if we are ever to find it, it'll be with peer-reviewed cold hard science, and not from the dogmatic assertions of organised religion.

  • @voiceofreason162

    @voiceofreason162

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@DaveDevourerOfPineapple - that God you're talking about is a friend of mine. You either believe that testimony or you don't. Options: I'm lying. I'm deluded. I'm telling the truth. Whichever one you naturally lean to first will decide how open you are, or not.

  • @DaveDevourerOfPineapple

    @DaveDevourerOfPineapple

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@voiceofreason162 I'd say whichever explanation you lean to reveals how much you value provable evidence for beliefs. Given that at the moment there is no evidence for a specific deity such as the abrahamic God, with a clearly defined will and characteristics, desires, dislikes etc, I will continue to eagerly await the developments of modern science and its quest to understand the natural world with peer reviewed evidence. Anything else is a mere assertion, and therefore unconvincing.

  • @voiceofreason162

    @voiceofreason162

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@DaveDevourerOfPineapple - Actually, there is. I found it. Your turn.

  • @AlejandroBravo0
    @AlejandroBravo06 жыл бұрын

    To me the most amazing thing is that all these movements are just due to electrostatic atractions/repulsions between molecules, all the potencials make them move in a certain direction and with a certain force and all that simple electrostatic interactions make something this complex

  • @NeverInterpreter

    @NeverInterpreter

    6 жыл бұрын

    What's more amazing is that these molecules combined have self-awareness.

  • @rsrt6910

    @rsrt6910

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@NeverInterpreter I have doubts about some of the "combined molecules" out there.

  • @ouassimzayani8806

    @ouassimzayani8806

    2 жыл бұрын

    We will show them Our Signs in the universe, and in their own selves, until it becomes manifest to them that this (the Quran) is the truth” [Fussilat 41: 53]

  • @sbgtrading

    @sbgtrading

    2 жыл бұрын

    But the question is...the management and control...who is turning the switch on and off. All electrical systems need controls, and controllers.

  • @florianfromer3825

    @florianfromer3825

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@sbgtrading Well, at the molecular / protein level, there is an entire system of on/off switch based on the Guanosine-Triphosphate (GTP) molecule activation / deactivation cycle. Very interesting!

  • @eclipse2966
    @eclipse2966 Жыл бұрын

    None of these machines alone are alive, yet somehow when they're all together we get life.

  • @yes55504

    @yes55504

    Жыл бұрын

    God gives life. You're a spirit being in a body. Read the Bible

  • @gpt-jcommentbot4759

    @gpt-jcommentbot4759

    Жыл бұрын

    @@yes55504 yeah, when cellular evolution popped up it evolved and evolved to multicellular life. Then those multicellular life evolved to animals which became more and more complex. Eventually we became humans, and now we are living in advanced societies helping to advance our healthcare with these scientific methods.

  • @GMC-qo9xi

    @GMC-qo9xi

    11 ай бұрын

    @@gpt-jcommentbot4759that’s regurgitated boilerplate. It’s the preference of certain authorities, who tell you what and how to think. (Ie. it’s meaning nonsense.)

  • @gpt-jcommentbot4759

    @gpt-jcommentbot4759

    11 ай бұрын

    @@GMC-qo9xi Then animals are not conscious and therefore it is ethical to murder them?

  • @leghostinator
    @leghostinator3 ай бұрын

    the sound design is amazing

  • @RonakDhakan
    @RonakDhakan4 жыл бұрын

    Who needs magic to feel amazement when we have this happening inside our body.

  • @Bill-uo6cm

    @Bill-uo6cm

    3 жыл бұрын

    What happens inside the cell is meets the definition of magic in my opinion.

  • @sirmeowthelibrarycat

    @sirmeowthelibrarycat

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@Bill-uo6cm 🤔 No. What we describe as ‘magic’ depends upon not understanding such a phenomenon. Biological processes are understood by educated and intelligent people who retain an open mind to future developments in their understanding of evidence-based research.

  • @Bill-uo6cm

    @Bill-uo6cm

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@sirmeowthelibrarycat No, you have no idea what I am talking about. You're taking the simplest interpretation of what I have said, attacking that interpretation, and then feeling proud of yourself for what you think you have accomplished.

  • @mobiustrip1400

    @mobiustrip1400

    2 жыл бұрын

    Yes, reality is the actual magic, you don't have to add anything or make up anything more.

  • @Bill-uo6cm

    @Bill-uo6cm

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@mobiustrip1400 Thank you, you actually understanding what I'm talking about.

  • @manahoot7250
    @manahoot7250 Жыл бұрын

    My prof. used to say "Biology is just chemistry making art"

  • @erkut67
    @erkut6711 ай бұрын

    OMG!.. 😯 How beautifully created!.. ❤️

  • @CosasCotidianas
    @CosasCotidianas3 жыл бұрын

    Something makes me feel that the sound effects are pretty accurate

  • @hypercoder-gaming

    @hypercoder-gaming

    2 жыл бұрын

    I don't think there are any sounds, also it's so tiny you wouldn't hear anything if there is any. Even if you shrunk to thay scale, you'd hear nothing

  • @valleturkka155

    @valleturkka155

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@hypercoder-gaming Sound is much more fundamental than your experience of sound provided by your ears.

  • @b-music9329

    @b-music9329

    2 жыл бұрын

    He he ;-) But it really helps to somehow dive into this universe

  • @danielrodrigues4903

    @danielrodrigues4903

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@valleturkka155 What is it then? If you gonna dismiss that guy, at least elaborate further

  • @valleturkka155

    @valleturkka155

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@danielrodrigues4903 Sound is wave. Wave is light. What is not wave? Obviously there is sound, because there is wave. I am not describing sound from an anthropological sense. When we dive into studying worlds and dimensions past our sensory reach. we have the possibility, to not impose human centered qualities and mechanics onto the projection. Let the creation that the video is, open up bigger questions for people. Sound is wave, wave is vibration. The sound in the video is, from my perspective, creating a sense of intense vibration on that scale. Vibration can be sensed with all senses, as a whole, but through a video its only gathered with eyes and hearing.

  • @GamingCardinal
    @GamingCardinal6 жыл бұрын

    I'm always blown away when I learn about DNA. This is incredible, thank you Veritasium.

  • @antextra300
    @antextra300 Жыл бұрын

    with all this complexity, it seems to me that there was an intelligent designer behind our creation.

  • @bayraktarx1386

    @bayraktarx1386

    11 ай бұрын

    Probably today is the day when alien existence was confirmed by main media. If the actual alien bodies are like the ones in conspiracy theories we are created by them.

  • @TheHare-rv3hj

    @TheHare-rv3hj

    10 ай бұрын

    Indisputable.

  • @herobrine1847

    @herobrine1847

    10 ай бұрын

    Yeah, your mom

  • @TheHare-rv3hj

    @TheHare-rv3hj

    10 ай бұрын

    @@herobrine1847 Right. Somebody's mother invented biomolecular mechanics.

  • @katanaki3059

    @katanaki3059

    23 күн бұрын

    Nah

  • @nekomatajs
    @nekomatajs Жыл бұрын

    This is the most incredible thing i've ever seen.

  • @onetrueone
    @onetrueone2 жыл бұрын

    I have NEVER seen such a detailed video like this one. It's always been this is a cell it has many things inside it whilst this shows what actually happens.

  • @thatnerdguy5541
    @thatnerdguy55413 жыл бұрын

    I watched this video a few years ago and had no idea what was going on. Now I'm doing biology and this is a great explanation.

  • @josephvengen9989
    @josephvengen99893 ай бұрын

    Although these animated presentations are absolutely amazing, there's usually little said regarding the "how and why" of these extremely complex and coordinated processes, especially when viewed as existing via evolution..... everything "just does". From a human standpoint, we see that the systems of our own creation are almost always designed to function in a given way whether simple or complex. I don't see (except for the obvious who created the creator arguments) why so many people are so adverse to the idea of intelligent design. Intuitively, these molecular machines and the processes in which they participate would seem to need guidance through access to incredible amounts of information. If this is true, where is this information stored and how is it accessed and used? And if these processes are on autopilot, could evolution itself produced such complexity? My point is not to choose sides, but to suggest that the most important discussions about this subject seem to be absent. My conclusion is that nobody really "knows" but still people take positions.... very frustrating!

  • @spacelemur7955
    @spacelemur79558 ай бұрын

    What wows me is how long and how many small modifications must have been needed to evolve this from something far simplier; literally over a billion years. Egads!

  • @micheall1127
    @micheall11276 жыл бұрын

    This CRAZY , but very informative. I never seen visual aids this good !

  • @mjelves

    @mjelves

    6 жыл бұрын

    How did you get visual aids???

  • @CNCmachiningisfun

    @CNCmachiningisfun

    6 жыл бұрын

    "How did you get visual aids???" This can happen when you look at sex, without wearing protection. Sun glasses make for the perfect protection from catching visual aids :) .

  • @HanadiH

    @HanadiH

    6 жыл бұрын

    BECAUSE DREW BERRY IS AMAZING

  • @williammoffett2216
    @williammoffett22165 жыл бұрын

    There should be a warning label on this video letting people know they won't think of life the same way after viewing.

  • @gem934

    @gem934

    4 жыл бұрын

    @William Moffett Yes, proves a Creator!!!!!

  • @user-pr8jz7fz8j

    @user-pr8jz7fz8j

    4 жыл бұрын

    @GEM No, it doesn't. It just proves it's complex.

  • @gem934

    @gem934

    4 жыл бұрын

    @subatomic duck, quack Oh yeah, a perfect explosion from nothing with no chaos. DNA etc etc, codes that are infinitely complex. Makes sense😳

  • @user-pr8jz7fz8j

    @user-pr8jz7fz8j

    4 жыл бұрын

    @GEM 1- The Bang wasn't an explosion (and definitely not perfect). 2- It may have come from something (so it's not safe to assume anything yet). 3- It was definitely "chaotic". 4- DNA and other stuff aren't infinitely complex (they are simply hard to understand sometimes). 5- Just because it appears to be very complex, it doesn't prove that it had a creator (especially since there are natural alternatives that are backed up with evidence and that fit better with our objective reality). And yeah it makes perfect sense.

  • @dougoverhoff7568

    @dougoverhoff7568

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@gem934 For anyone with even a little bit of common sense, how could anyone somehow imagine that this level of complexity would have occurred by mere fortuitous occurrences. It gives me pause as to their level of functional mental acuity. And this is only a single, small sampling shown in this video, one minute instance, of the overall complex biological diversity that is ongoing in innumerable places throughout the entire planet, at this moment, working in perfect harmony. Yeah, that makes sense; sure, it all just happened. But, let's also consider the incredible perfection of symmetry we see in the world, in the workings of quantum physics, and in chemistry, and in mathematics, in the astronomical bodies and their precise orbits, in our comfortable weather conditions, and in our ideal distance from the sun and in the moon's from us, in the huge variety of vegetation and animal life that provide profuse and abundant food, shelter, and various complimentary products for life, in the ubiquity of water and the valuable role it plays in sustaining life, in the near perfect levels of the gasses in our atmosphere that not only allows us to breathe but for the plants to survive, etc, etc. Of course! Anyone could see that it's all just completely accidental. Piece of cake! Frankly, the atheists kill me, with their obtuseness and hubris.

  • @Xamkoz
    @Xamkoz11 ай бұрын

    Animation is, for sure, a huge job of pretty big team I'm sure. But I have to notice the sound design - it's kinda georgeous. It's impossible to know what is sounds like since, I belive, there is just no way to listen to the actuall sounds. But this design sounded just like it was actually camera with mic flying around. Perfect job, huje respects. Video as whole thing is amazing as well. Clearly one of the most interresting topics chosen. Thank you for the job. Like and sub no doubt.

  • @LawrenceKennard
    @LawrenceKennard17 күн бұрын

    Okay you got a sub here this is fantastic❤

  • @hazzard77
    @hazzard775 жыл бұрын

    AMAZING! WE ARE MACHINES, BIOCHEMICAL ROBOTS.

  • @ForGenoark

    @ForGenoark

    5 жыл бұрын

    Made by God

  • @dg8620

    @dg8620

    5 жыл бұрын

    @@ForGenoark or by a civilization just like us. It won't be long until we create nanobots and launch them into space, populating a planet somewhere out in the black haze.

  • @ForGenoark

    @ForGenoark

    5 жыл бұрын

    Dafydd Griffiths haha before that you will realize there's a creator God when you die without nanomachines check out NDE people who experienced death and came back to life medically

  • @ziggythomas

    @ziggythomas

    5 жыл бұрын

    @César Rabbit I think of it this way: The odds of life forming on Earth aren't that big compared to how old it is. There's always the chance that life could form if you have the ingredients, you just wait until conditions are right for that to matter. It is also possible that cells were constantly being created and destroyed 3 billion years ago due to occasionally forming without the right stuff. Then one cell came out with everything it needed.

  • @jasonmeinhart8525

    @jasonmeinhart8525

    5 жыл бұрын

    @@ziggythomas kzread.info/dash/bejne/iWWTraePkabfkaQ.html

  • @_Solaris
    @_Solaris2 жыл бұрын

    This absolutely freaks me out in an uneasy way. It's like anything could go wrong at any minute and I gotta get going and do something with this life before it's too late ☺️🙃

  • @CallMeA6

    @CallMeA6

    2 жыл бұрын

    No worries. We have Fauci.

  • @djedeye2665

    @djedeye2665

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@CallMeA6 Not for long.. His con is crumbling.

  • @rachidoublal6877

    @rachidoublal6877

    2 жыл бұрын

    U don't need to do anything, in fact you don't need even to know about it, everything is being taken care of. Glory to the God of heavens

  • @nolanpatten7586

    @nolanpatten7586

    2 жыл бұрын

    And when that something does go wrong and is not caught by the many cell mechanisms we have, it offer results in cancer

  • @gerhardvanderpoll7378

    @gerhardvanderpoll7378

    Жыл бұрын

    @@rachidoublal6877 Naah....no heaven,no hell,no god,no devil....just nature....

  • @stargazeronesixseven
    @stargazeronesixseven5 ай бұрын

    Intelligently designed bio motor worker cells are amazing! Thank You Good God! 😊🙏 🌷🌿🍎

  • @LEELlu
    @LEELlu Жыл бұрын

    я не верю, что всё, что делается внутри нас, в мире, в природе и во вселенной - просто идет по слепой эволюционной дорожке, слишком всё разумно и шедеврально устроено в нашем мире.

  • @alexanderjohnson2309
    @alexanderjohnson23093 жыл бұрын

    I wish Veritasium had weekly content... This is still my favorite science KZread channel by far. But I've seen all the videos twice!

  • @eklim2034
    @eklim20344 жыл бұрын

    Disney new animation film, "The Cells' Story", about a cell which refuse to follow DNA instruction, his name is C

  • @stephen_unc

    @stephen_unc

    4 жыл бұрын

    Sounds melodramatic, then it's perfect for a movie

  • @1999yasin

    @1999yasin

    4 жыл бұрын

    Cancer

  • @jascrandom9855

    @jascrandom9855

    4 жыл бұрын

    That's literally Cancer.

  • @jordan6287

    @jordan6287

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@jascrandom9855 that's why his name is C lol

  • @cjhepburn7406

    @cjhepburn7406

    4 жыл бұрын

    Is this gonna be a fun movie?

  • @alexromanshepelev8507
    @alexromanshepelev85075 ай бұрын

    I like how your profile picture looks very, very, very, very, very very similar to default

  • @alius5
    @alius510 ай бұрын

    Interesting work!

  • @danbrooks4270
    @danbrooks42703 жыл бұрын

    Fearfully and wonderfully made.

  • @joestro7826

    @joestro7826

    2 жыл бұрын

    One day every tongue will confess and every knee will bow. Every creature in heaven, on earth, under the earth and in the sea and all that are in them...

  • @patldennis

    @patldennis

    2 жыл бұрын

    eyeroll

  • @Incurrent

    @Incurrent

    2 жыл бұрын

    incredible. how can we deny such an Intelligent Designer.

  • @patldennis

    @patldennis

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@Incurrent bc there is no evidence to suggest there is one

  • @mylespeterson4212

    @mylespeterson4212

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@patldennis and if I gave you evidence would you consider it and chat with me about it?

  • @SohailAh46
    @SohailAh463 жыл бұрын

    Thank you Paul Williams @BloggingTheology for sharing this ❤️.

  • @IDK-ue1gy

    @IDK-ue1gy

    3 жыл бұрын

    same

  • @aminamohamed1701

    @aminamohamed1701

    2 жыл бұрын

    Same!

  • @MontanaBallistics
    @MontanaBallistics8 ай бұрын

    Excellent! Thank you!

  • @winterroadspokenword4681
    @winterroadspokenword46812 ай бұрын

    Thank God we had such a great designer to create the first cells :)

  • @tims5268

    @tims5268

    Ай бұрын

    And yet he wasn't smart enough to give us separate tubes to eat with and to breath with. He wasn't smart enough to give us a method of giving birth that didn't lead to death and deformation on so many occasions. etc etc etc

  • @Gilbert.Suhendra

    @Gilbert.Suhendra

    Ай бұрын

    Nope, God is Spirit the Almighty Creator, also God has Beyond In intelligent the Personal mystery on Human Eyes, You know nothing in Evolution, it's Just Delusion Dawkins clowns @@tims5268

  • @Gilbert.Suhendra

    @Gilbert.Suhendra

    Ай бұрын

    Nope, You are not God@@tims5268

  • @starwarsmaster
    @starwarsmaster2 жыл бұрын

    Fascinating how our bodies work- this is why I am planning on majoring in Biotechnology. So much potential in this field. We are seriously like our own machines.

  • @islandgirl6576

    @islandgirl6576

    Жыл бұрын

    You will not regret it. Bioengineering, protein & peptide tech, proteomics, genomics & other -omics, bioinformatics & other components of biotech made me go wow over 20years ago as a pg student....haven't lost my wow yet.

  • @LisaShamona

    @LisaShamona

    Жыл бұрын

    We are machines. Very sophisticated, intelligently designed machines.

  • @TheNewGreenIsBlue

    @TheNewGreenIsBlue

    Жыл бұрын

    Highly recommend the book "Immune" by Philipp Dettmer. By FAR the easiest to understand delve into the system that makes your body superpowered.

  • @ege8240

    @ege8240

    Жыл бұрын

    ​@@LisaShamona "designed" by nature perhaps. if not, keep fairy tale outside of science

  • @LisaShamona

    @LisaShamona

    Жыл бұрын

    @@ege8240 you know nothing about science