Writing Old English with Futhorc Runes
EXTRA COMMENTARY
1) I forgot to mention that doubling runes to show gemination is optional, so a word like gebiddaþ could be written ᚷᛖᛒᛁᛞᚪᚦ or ᚷᛖᛒᛁᛞᛞᚪᚦ.
2) ᚾᚸ for [ŋg] seems to appear in London British Library Add. MS 47967.
3) 1:15 I should've mentioned that not using ᛡ behind ᛁ is just a personal preference of mine. Both ᚷᛁ and ᛡᛁ are attested.
4) 3:30 I shouldn't've used such confident wording here. I don't know enough about Old English dialects to say something like this with confidence.
5) 6:38 I should've mentioned that ᛁᛁᚩ (the double ᛁ here indicating length, an unusual thing) and ᛋᛏ are attested spellings of IO and ST. More reason to disregard ᛡ and ᛥ.
6) 8:03 Disregard this. The person who wrote "sigel" used Carolingian script, while the writer of "eo" used Insular, so they could've easily been different people.
Пікірлер: 79
I’m learning this for fun💀
@weirdgilly8727
10 ай бұрын
🤝
Hehe. I figured out how to read runes many years ago. & have been studying old English. I appreciate your video on this subject;mine are not as well made.
I love how you're pronouncing the wh sound in modern English as the old English way throughout the video. Is it intentional? Hwat, hwich
@hurlebatte
Жыл бұрын
Yeah, it's intentional. A lot of people still make that sound, including my father (sometimes).
@huskee7684
Жыл бұрын
@@hurlebatte wow I never heard about that. I see you have a discord. Can I get an invite?
@hurlebatte
Жыл бұрын
@@huskee7684 I hear it fairly often, usually on the telly. I think this will work: discord.com/invite/qvPQqms
@huskee7684
Жыл бұрын
@@hurlebatte oh okay. Thanks for the invite
@almostliterally593
Жыл бұрын
Hw is still heard in America in some places.
Oooh this looks exciting
Could you do a video on how to apply runes on Old Frisian? How would that differ from what you've shown here?
@hurlebatte
Жыл бұрын
I have a video about Frisian runes but there aren't many known Frisian inscriptions and they differ enough from each other, and in mysterious ways, to make a unified system hard.
@violenceislife1987
Жыл бұрын
Interesting
How would one write the phrase "Wæs þu Hál"? Not sure whether to use Ehwaz or Ansuz (sorry I don't know the English names) for the vowel in Wes/Wæs. It will be my first tattoo! So please help me know the correct way 🙏
@hurlebatte
Жыл бұрын
Ehwaz was called Eh in Futhorc. Ansuz split into Æsc, Ac, and Os in Futhorc, but Os inherited the name. For "ƿæs þu hal" do ᚹᚫᛋ᛬ᚦᚢ᛬ᚻᚪᛚ. For "ƿes þu hal" do "ᚹᛖᛋ᛬ᚦᚢ᛬ᚻᚪᛚ". I can't help you pick between the two, my knowledge of Old English grammar isn't good.
Hey Hurlebatte, do you have any links to resources showing the Algiz rune being used for [ks] in Old English runic inscriptions? I've been trying to look for some examples of Algiz's use in Old English but haven't had much luck besides runestaff lineups in manuscripts.
@hurlebatte
Жыл бұрын
We have some coins that spell "beonna rex" (King Beonna) as "ᛒᛖᚩᚾᚾᚪ ᚱᛖᛉ" ( futhorc.miraheze.org/wiki/File:Benna.PNG ). As an aside, we also have a manuscript that uses ᛉ to stand for the numerical value of X ( futhorc.miraheze.org/wiki/File:Cambridge.PNG ).
@cdhondt7124
Жыл бұрын
@@hurlebatte Ooooo nice! Thank you! =D
Is there any evidence of punctuation being used when writing with Anglo-Saxon runes? If so, what did they use, when and how?
@hurlebatte
3 жыл бұрын
The best you'll find is words being separated with one or two dots.
@joshuathomson8925
3 жыл бұрын
@@hurlebatte Better than nothing, I guess. Still, thanks.
Are you sure that œthala wasn't used in Westsehsen?
@hurlebatte
4 ай бұрын
It's impossible to be sure about that kind of thing.
What if you need to write a foreign name with initial /x/ or a /q/? Like Polish Chorzów (ᛇᚩᛋᚳᚢᚠ), Arabic خَدِيجَة Khadijah (ᛇᚪᛞᛁᚷᚷᚪ), Arabic عِرَاق 'Iraq (ᚪᛁᚱᚪᛢ), Middle Mongol ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ Qagan (ᛢᚪᚸᚪᚾ)?
@hurlebatte
3 жыл бұрын
Futhorc has no answer to that. It just wasn't designed for those languages.
@servantofaeie1569
3 жыл бұрын
@@hurlebatte It's the best solution I could come up with
@hurlebatte
3 жыл бұрын
@@servantofaeie1569 It works I guess. Can't say any Anglo-Saxon would've done the same thing tho.
@Hamrik_Oswald
3 жыл бұрын
anglicize the name then write it out would be your best bet Or Find the meaning of the name then find the old English equivalent then write it in runes Example if you have a name that means wolf in what ever language then you would just use wolf. Or you could use a kenning i.e. pack-hunter. Germanic people loved doing such things.
When writing in Anglo-Saxon Fuþorc, are you supposed to use “᛬” or “᛫” between words?
@hurlebatte
Жыл бұрын
You can use either or neither. Most surviving Futhorc inscriptions use no word dividers at all.
@ianquyck9834
Жыл бұрын
@@hurlebatte So is one of those used as a break between sentences or do they just run-on?
@hurlebatte
Жыл бұрын
@@ianquyck9834 They're both just word dividers. There's no functional difference between them. Futhorc didn't need much punctuation because Futhorc was rarely used for long texts. Take a line like "I fixed this comb. My name is Ed". We can render this into runes like "ᚪᛁ᛬ᚠᛁᛉᛏ᛬ᚦᛁᛋ᛬ᛣᚩᛗ᛬ᛗᚪᛁ᛬ᚾᛖᛁᛗ᛬ᛁᛋ᛬ᛖᛞ", or "ᚪᛁ᛫ᚠᛁᛉᛏ᛫ᚦᛁᛋ᛫ᛣᚩᛗ᛫ᛗᚪᛁ᛫ᚾᛖᛁᛗ᛫ᛁᛋ᛫ᛖᛞ", or "ᚪᛁᚠᛁᛉᛏᚦᛁᛋᛣᚩᛗᛗᚪᛁᚾᛖᛁᛗᛁᛋᛖᛞ". Even when word dividers were used in Futhorc, they were often used inconsistently, so you might find only some of the words separated. There are some Frisian Futhorc inscriptions that use more than two dots, by the way. This stuff wasn't heavily standardised.
@ianquyck9834
Жыл бұрын
@@hurlebatte Thanks for explaining! And thanks for all the work you do on Anglish spellings, it’s great stuff.
I am a little confused when you are explaining when to use gifu and jer. I understood when you said you can use gifu for both the g and j sounds but got lost when you explained how to use jer. Kinda sounded like you said NOT to use it when it makes the j (yuh) sound.
@hurlebatte
2 жыл бұрын
Based on the available evidence, gear ᛡ can always be used for /j/, the Y-in-YES sound. But it seems to have been most common to use gyfu ᚷ for that sound when the following vowel was /i/, /e/, or /æ/. So I recommend ᚷᛁ, ᚷᛖ, ᚷᚫ over ᛡᛁ, ᛡᛖ, ᛡᚫ. The only time I'd bother using ᛡ at all is for writing ᛡᚪ, ᛡᚩ, ᛡᚣ, ᛡᚢ, but those combinations would be pretty rare I think.
@Hamrik_Oswald
2 жыл бұрын
@@hurlebatte awesome. I appreciate the feedback.
@Hamrik_Oswald
Жыл бұрын
@@hurlebatte @Hurlebatte hello, I am back again I have an art project, that I put on the back burner, wanting to use the fuþorc to write out the edel rune poem ᛟ : ᛒIᚦ : ᚩᚠᛖᚱᛚᛖᚩᚠ : ᚫᚷᚻᚹIᛚᚳᚢᛗ : ᛗᛖᚾ : ᚷIᚠ : ᚻᛖ : ᛗᚩᛏ : ᚦᚫᚱ : ᚱIᚻᛏᛖᛋ : ᚩᚾᛞ : ᚷᛖᚱIᛋᛖᚾᚪ : ᚩᚾ : ᛒᚱᚢᚳᚪᚾ : ᚩᚾ : ᛒᚩᛚᛞᛖ : ᛒᛚᚫᛞᚢᛗ : ᚩᚠᛏᚫᛋᛏ : . And was wondering if for "æghwylcum" "ᚫᚷᚻᚹIᛚᚳᚢᛗ" I can do "ᚫᛡᚻᚹIᛚᚳᚢᛗ" instead to break up the monotony of using X. At 1:15 you were saying "...use ᛡ when behind a vowel which X doesn't make a /j/ sound behind" but your examples were using it in front of instead of behind. Seperately, does X not make a /j/ sound when behind certain vowels? I am still lost I just wanted to be as accurate as possible which is why I am being so particular. Thank you for your help.
@hurlebatte
Жыл бұрын
@@Hamrik_Oswald Oh yeah, I see how my wording is confusing. Maybe writing ᚪᛡ is alright. ᚠᚪᛡᚻᛁᛚᛞ is attested, but it's possible the third rune was meant to be ᚷ (some people apparently wrote ᚷ that way, like on the Brandon Pin). There might be one instance of ᛁᛡ making /ij/, but it's hard to tell. My advice is to stick to what appears to be the norm, and that appears to be using ᚷ in segments like ᚫᚷ where the sound is something like /æj/. X does, as a semi-hard rule, make /j/ when certain vowel runes follow. I believe if ᚷᛖᛗᚢ, ᚷᛠᛗᚢ, ᚷᚫᛗᚢ, and ᚷᛁᛗᚢ were words, ᚷ would be expected to be /j/. I believe if ᚷᚪᛗᚢ, ᚷᚢᛗᚢ, or ᚷᚩᛗᚢ were words, ᚷ would be expected to be /g/.
@Hamrik_Oswald
Жыл бұрын
@@hurlebatte excellent. Thank you again.
¡Hails, Hurlebatte! ¿Couldst þue make an afterfollowing of þis showstrip showing hue to write Anglish wiþ Yewnger Fuþorc, if þue mindest not? Sinse ich read þe leafwrit abute it on þy Anglish webstead but my brueser could not grunde it, so ich couldn't see any bookstaff oþer þan Romish.
@hurlebatte
3 жыл бұрын
I'll get to that one day.
@volvagianintendo6465
3 жыл бұрын
@@hurlebatte Þanks, I'm waiting. 👍🏼
@tfan2222
11 ай бұрын
Might I ask what’s up with the “ich?”
@volvagianintendo6465
11 ай бұрын
Wissly, @@tfan2222! 'Tis an earlier shape of "I", the onefold first leed byname.
@jsmithy643
10 ай бұрын
@@volvagianintendo6465 Ic ƿas abute to say!
How do u write in runes using ur keyboard can you let me know?
@hurlebatte
Жыл бұрын
There's a website where I downloaded runic keyboard layouts from. If you type "babelstone runic keyboard" into a search engine you'll probably find it. I can't guarantee it's compatible with your operating system.
@aakansh45yearsago83
Жыл бұрын
@@hurlebatte Ah okay thanks a lot.
Will this rule also work for Gothic? I'm learning Gothic and I'm trying to see if there's a way to write it in futhark.
@hurlebatte
3 жыл бұрын
Nah, Gothic didn't use this runerow.
@camrendavis6650
3 жыл бұрын
@@hurlebatte aw man
@dyslexicdoodlebob3163
3 жыл бұрын
Are you gonna try to bring the gothic language back to life or at least get a couple more people to speak it
@camrendavis6650
3 жыл бұрын
@@dyslexicdoodlebob3163 I intend to. But my main goal is to learn it so I can speak to the gods.
How would you transcribe "þæs oferēode, þisses swā mæg" from the poem Deor and have you thought about making a video transcribing in practice
@hurlebatte
15 күн бұрын
I like consistently using word dividers, and I prefer the convention of showing gemination, so I'd write the following. ᚦᚫᛋ᛬ᚩᚠᛖᚱᛖᚩᛞᛖ᛬ᚦᛁᛋᛋᛖᛋ᛬ᛋᚹᚪ᛬ᛗᚫᚷ I haven't thought about making a transcribing practice video.
@hunterhansen472
14 күн бұрын
@@hurlebatte Thank you very much I appreciate that response!
Hwat font is used in þe video? I love þe wea it looks
@hurlebatte
2 жыл бұрын
It is named Pfeffer Mediæval.
nice video, do you have Instagram? I would like to share you my own poems and talk about Anglish if you don't mind.
@hurlebatte
3 жыл бұрын
Nah. I'm on Discord though. You should join the Anglish Discord. There's a link to it on the Anglish Reddit in the pinned welcome thread.
@blvckwrath2479
3 жыл бұрын
@@hurlebatte you don't have any other app on social media?
@hurlebatte
3 жыл бұрын
@@blvckwrath2479 Not really. I have a Reddit account.
ᛋᛣᚩᛗᛁ ⃠
@hurlebatte
Жыл бұрын
ᛋᛣᚩᛗᛁ = skomi
ᚻᚫᚢ᛫ᛁᚾᛏᛖᚱᛠᛋᛏᛁᛝ
ᚹᚪᛏ᛫ᚨᛒᚨᚹᛏ᛫ᚱᚨᛁᛏᛁᛝ᛫ᛗᚩᛞᚢᚱᚾ᛫ᛖᛝᛚᛁᛋᚳ᛫ᛁᚾ᛫ᚱᚥᚾᛋ?
@hurlebatte
Жыл бұрын
ᚪᛁ᛬ᛗᛖᛁᛞ᛬ᛖᛁ᛬ᚠᛁᛚᛗ᛬ᚪᛒᚫᚢᛏ᛬ᚦᚫᛏ᛬ᛏᚢ
@almostliterally593
Жыл бұрын
@@hurlebatte ᛁᛏ᛫ᚨᛣᚳᚣᚪᛚᛠ᛫ᚹᚢᚱᛣᛋ᛫ᛈᚱᛖᛏᛠ᛫ᚹᛖᛚ᛫ᛏᚥ᛬ᛁᛏ᛫ᛁᛋ᛫ᛁᚾᛏᛖᚱᛖᛥᛁᛝ᛫ᚺᚨᚹ᛫ᛁᛏ᛫ᛗᛇᛣᛋ᛫ᛡᚥ᛫ᚦᛠᚾᛣ᛫ᚨᛒᚨᚹᛏ᛫ᚧ᛫ᚹᛇ᛫ᛡᚥ᛫ᛋᛈᛠᛣ᛫ᛁᚾ᛫ᚨ᛫ᛞᛁᚠᚱᛖᚾᛏ᛫ᚹᛇ᛫ᚦᚨᚾ᛫ᛒᛠᚠᚩᚱ᛬ ᚱᚥᚾᛋ᛫ᚨᚱ᛫ᚨ᛫ᚹᛇ᛫ᚢᚡ᛫ᛞᚨᛁᚨᛚᛖᛣᛏ᛫ᚱᚨᛁᛏᛁᛝ᛬ ᚱᚥᚾᛋ᛫ᚺᚨᚡ᛫ᚨ᛫ᚡᛖᚱᛠ᛫ᚱᚢᛥᛁᛣ᛫ᚨᚾᛞ᛫ᛣᚩᛗᚠᚩᚱᛏᛁᛝ᛫ᛣᚨᛁᚾᛞ᛫ᚢᚡ᛫ᛈᚢᚱᛋᚢᚾᚨᛚᛁᛏᛠ᛬ ᚨᛁᛗ᛫ᚸᛚᚨᛞ᛫ᚦᚨᛏ᛫ᚨᛏ᛫ᛚᛠᛥ᛫ᚨ᛫ᚠᚣ᛫ᛗᚩᛞᚢᚱᚾ᛫ᛖᛝᛚᛁᛋᚳ᛫ᛋᛈᛠᛣᚢᚱᛋ᛫ᚺᚨᚡ᛫ᛏᛇᛣᛖᚾ᛫ᚧ᛫ᛏᚨᛁᛗ᛫ᛏᚥ᛫ᚠᛁᚸᛡᚢᚱ᛫ᚨᚹᛏ᛫ᚺᚨᚹ᛫ᛏᚥ᛫ᚱᚨᛁᛏ᛫ᚨᚾᛞ᛫ᚱᛠᛞ᛫ᚱᚥᚾᛋ᛬ ᚨᛁ᛫ᚺᛟᛈ᛫ᛡᚥ᛫ᛣᚨᚾ᛫ᚱᛠᛞ᛫ᛗᚨᛁ᛫ᛗᛖᚦᛁᛞ᛫ᚢᚡ᛫ᛏᚱᚨᚾᛋᛣᚱᚨᛁᛒᛁᛝ᛫ᛗᚨᛁ᛫ᛋᛈᛠᚳ᛬ ᛋᚢᛗ᛫ᛈᛠᛈᚢᛚ᛫ᛁᚾ᛫ᚨ᛫ᛞᛁᛋᛣᚩᚱᛞ᛫ᚸᚱᚥᛈ᛫ᚨᛁᛗ᛫ᛁᚾ᛫ᚺᛖᛚᛈᛞ᛫ᛣᚢᛗ᛫ᚢᛈ᛫ᚹᛁᚦ᛫ᚦᛁᛋ᛫ᛋᛁᛥᛖᛗ᛬᛫ᚺᚨᚹᛖᚡᚢᚱ᛫ᚹᛠ᛫ᚨᛚ᛫ᛡᚣᛋ᛫ᛁᛏ᛫ᛋᛚᚨᛁᛏᛚᛠ᛫ᛞᛁᚠᚱᛖᚾᛏᛚᛠ᛫᛫ᚢᚡ᛫ᛣᚩᚱᛋ᛬ ᛁᚠ᛫ᛡᚥ᛫ᚹᚪᚾᛏ᛫ᛏᚥ᛫ᚳᚨᛏ᛫ᚹᛁᚦ᛫ᚨᚾᛞ᛫ᚨᛒᚨᚹᛏ᛫ᚱᚥᚾᛋ᛫ᚹᛁᚦ᛫ᚢᛋ᛫᛫ᚺᛠᚱ᛫ᛁᛋ᛫ᚧ᛫ᛞᛁᛋᛣᚩᚱᛞ᛫ᛚᛁᚾᛣ᛫discord.gg/W8TDxCSsyD ᚹᛠ᛫ᛡᚣᛋ᛫ᚧ᛫ᛋᛖᛣᛋᚳᚢᚾ᛫ᛣᚨᛚᛞ᛫‘‘orþography’’ᛏᚥ᛫ᛏᚪᛚᛣ᛫ᛁᚾ᛫ᚱᚥᚾᛋ᛬ 🥳 ᚱᚥᚾᛋ᛫ᚪᚱ᛫ᚨ᛫ᚹᚢᚾᛞᚢᚱᚠᚢᛚ᛫ᛣᚢᛚᛏᚢᚱᚪᛚ᛫ᛏᚱᚨᛞᛁᛋᚳᚢᚾ᛫ᚨᚾᛞ᛫ᚹᛠ᛫ᛋᚳᚤᛞᚾᛏ᛫ᛚᛖᛏ᛫ᛁᛏ᛫ᛞᚨᛁ᛬ ᚹᛠ᛫ᛋᚳᚤᛞ᛫ᚨᛞᚨᛈᛏ᛫ᛁᛡ᛫ᛡᚥ᛫ᚧ᛫ᛗᚩᛞᚢᚱᚾ᛫ᛞᛇ᛬ ᛁᚾ᛫ᛋᚢᛗ᛫ᚹᛇᛋ᛫ᚦᛁᛋ᛫ᚩᚱᚦᚩᚸᚱᚨᚠᛠ᛫ᛁᛋ᛫ᛒᛖᛏᚢᚱ᛫ᛋᚥᛏᛖᛞ᛫ᛏᚥ᛫ᛗᚩᛞᚢᚱᚾ᛫ᛖᚾᚸᛚᛁᛋᚳ’ᛋ᛫ᚠᛟᚾᚩᛚᛟᚷᛠ᛫ᚦᚨᚾ᛫ᚧ᛫ᛚᚨᛏᛁᚾ᛫ᚨᛚᚠᚨᛒᛖᛏ᛬ 🤘 ᛈᚢᚱᚺᚨᛈᛋ᛫ᚦᛁᛋ᛫ᛁᛋ᛫ᚧ᛫ᛚᚩᚾᚸᛖᛥ᛫ᚱᚥᚾᛁᛣ᛫ᛗᛖᛋᛖᚷ᛫ᚨᛁ᛫ᚺᚨᚡ᛫ᛈᛟᛥᛖᛞ᛫ᚩᚾ᛫ᚧ᛫ᛁᚾᛏᚢᚱᛗᛖᛏ᛬᛫🙀
@violenceislife1987
Жыл бұрын
You can use mideval and Gothic runes too.
@Kadukunahaluu
Жыл бұрын
Ayo my Google translator ain't working 💀
@jsmithy643
10 ай бұрын
@@violenceislife1987ᚪ𐌹᛫ᚾᛖᚠᛖᚱ᛫ᚦᚩᛏ᛫ᛟᚠ᛫ᚦᛠ᛫ᚷᚩᛏᛁᛋᚳ᛫ᛋᛏᚫᚠᚱᚩ᛫ᚫᛋ᛫ᚱᚢᚾᛋ᛫ᛒᛟᛏ᛫ᚩᛣᛖᛁ᛬ᚳᚢᛚ᛫ᛒᚱᚢᛣᛖᚱᚾᚪᛗ᛫ᛒᚪᛁ᛫ᚦᛠ᛫ᚹᛖᛁ
ᛟ᛫ᛒᚱᚢᚹ᛫ᛁᛏ'ᛋ᛫ᚳᛖᚹᛋᛞᚪᚣ,᛫ᛁᚾᚾᛁᛏ?
@hurlebatte
2 жыл бұрын
ᚠᚱᚪᛁᛞᛖᛁ᛬ᛁᚾᚾᛁᛏ
@Ggdivhjkjl
2 жыл бұрын
ᚫᛁ᛫ᛣᚫᚾ᛫ᚱᛁᛞ᛫ᚦᛁᛋ᛫ᛁᚠᛖᚾ᛫ᚦᚩ᛫ᚫᛁ᛫ᚾᚩ᛫ᚪ᛫ᚠᚩᚾᛖᛏᛁᛣ᛫ᚠᚩᚱᛗ᛫ᚩᚠ᛫ᛗᚩᛞᛖᚱᚾ᛫ᛁᛝᛚᛁᛋᚳ᛫ᚠᚢᚦᚩᚱᚳ᛬
@hurlebatte
2 жыл бұрын
ᚩᚱᛏ᛬ᚩᚱᛏ 🦭
@mrtrollnator123
Жыл бұрын
What?
could you clarify the difference between using ᛟ and ᚩ for "o"?
@hurlebatte
Жыл бұрын
In Futhorc, ᛟ stood for a sound like German's Ö and Dutch's EU. On the other hand, ᚩ stood for a sound like the O in the Modern English word "go".
@karnkreft
15 күн бұрын
@@hurlebatte So clear, thank you.