Naming alkanes with alkyl groups | Organic chemistry | Khan Academy

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Naming linear alkanes with branching starting from the structure, and drawing the structures based on the name. Created by Sal Khan.
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Organic Chemistry on Khan Academy: Carbon can form covalent bonds with itself and other elements to create a mind-boggling array of structures. In organic chemistry, we will learn about the reactions chemists use to synthesize crazy carbon based structures, as well as the analytical methods to characterize them. We will also think about how those reactions are occurring on a molecular level with reaction mechanisms. Simply put, organic chemistry is like building with molecular Legos. Let's make some beautiful organic molecules!
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Пікірлер: 256

  • @khanacademy
    @khanacademy14 жыл бұрын

    @minoc2 You are right. Shows me that I shouldn't think of the names on the fly. Will make a correction video.

  • @sahibjyotsingh5810
    @sahibjyotsingh58104 жыл бұрын

    7:52 Should be 4-Methylnonane As we take the longest chain

  • @VICKY_X19

    @VICKY_X19

    3 жыл бұрын

    We never do that according to the rules❗️

  • @josephmalitig5553

    @josephmalitig5553

    2 жыл бұрын

    I agree bro. So what's the right answer?

  • @chandramoulimukherjee6653

    @chandramoulimukherjee6653

    Жыл бұрын

    Yep

  • @Purpleeyes92
    @Purpleeyes927 жыл бұрын

    Why paying for college/university when KZread is free and better. Lol

  • @ninjanerdstudent6937

    @ninjanerdstudent6937

    5 жыл бұрын

    College is just for a credential, nothing more. It stands as proof of having learned it at some point. I wish there was KZread University.

  • @owenhunt

    @owenhunt

    5 жыл бұрын

    @@ninjanerdstudent6937 May I give you my life, my liege

  • @mr.j4475

    @mr.j4475

    5 жыл бұрын

    I literally skip my chemistry class and just watch these videos and end up getting decent scores in my tests and exams.

  • @onontochowdhury7337

    @onontochowdhury7337

    5 жыл бұрын

    nah im in 9th grade

  • @WiseRomanEmperor

    @WiseRomanEmperor

    5 жыл бұрын

    You dont get a masters degree from KZread 😁

  • @raym8249
    @raym82496 жыл бұрын

    10:58 That'd be my Chemistry tutor calling to complain about how easy you make it all seem

  • @daande97
    @daande9710 жыл бұрын

    7:52 I would call this 4-methylnonane.

  • @joshmyers8814

    @joshmyers8814

    7 жыл бұрын

    you sir are correct

  • @saketgurjar6158

    @saketgurjar6158

    7 жыл бұрын

    So then should you call it 2-propyl heptane or 4-methyl nonane

  • @tanweerabbas8056

    @tanweerabbas8056

    7 жыл бұрын

    Daniel Andrew DeMott Watch the next video

  • @oiiwweew

    @oiiwweew

    7 жыл бұрын

    how come? EDIT: nvm I just saw the next video

  • @39abii

    @39abii

    5 жыл бұрын

    if we take the longest chain this makes more sense

  • @MysticDragons
    @MysticDragons8 жыл бұрын

    LOL my teacher pretty much tried to teach us this in a span of 3 weeks and she made it so damn complicated that I simply didn't know. I watch 4 videos here and it all makes perfectly sense.

  • @MysticDragons

    @MysticDragons

    8 жыл бұрын

    ***** different teachers I suppose.

  • @Chiaraa18

    @Chiaraa18

    6 жыл бұрын

    Same.. what's that with those teachers😂

  • @Azuriiee

    @Azuriiee

    2 жыл бұрын

    I'm thankful that my teacher explained it well

  • @acid6722

    @acid6722

    5 ай бұрын

    bro after 8 years, what are you doing now currently as i suppose you are graduated

  • @ladynottingham89
    @ladynottingham8910 жыл бұрын

    But thank you for what you do, the free help is definitely appreciated.

  • @adama7965
    @adama79657 жыл бұрын

    He probably would have kept on going if it wasn't for that phonecall :(

  • @ninjanerdstudent6937

    @ninjanerdstudent6937

    5 жыл бұрын

    Spoiler Alert!

  • @jamesgedak551

    @jamesgedak551

    5 жыл бұрын

    HAHAHA I was thinking the same thing

  • @anastasiabeaverhausenleslie
    @anastasiabeaverhausenleslie5 жыл бұрын

    I have a mnemonic device for remembering the first four alkanes: My Ethiopian Professor's Butt. My for Methane, Ethiopian for Ethane, Professor for Propane, and Butt for Butane. Every other alkane that comes after that follows the numeric pattern pentane(5), hexane(6) heptane(7) and etc. Not the most appropriate phrase but hope this helps :)

  • @ritahaddad4664

    @ritahaddad4664

    2 жыл бұрын

    I use monkeys eat purple bananas

  • @khalilicf

    @khalilicf

    Жыл бұрын

    or just learn it as it is it's not that hard

  • @iam.tryphena

    @iam.tryphena

    Жыл бұрын

    @@khalilicf people learn and remember things differently❤️

  • @khalilicf

    @khalilicf

    Жыл бұрын

    @@iam.tryphena ok 🤓

  • @Learning-sadly

    @Learning-sadly

    Жыл бұрын

    @Mohammed Abid from all the possible mnemonics you chose a professor's butt 😂🙈

  • @yoojunnguyen9866
    @yoojunnguyen986611 жыл бұрын

    Thank you!!! I have an organic chemistry exam next Friday and this is helping me review and understand a lot more/better.

  • @MarzBar101
    @MarzBar10111 жыл бұрын

    Beautifully taught! You're amazing and the reason I'm passing chemistry and math and life in general!!! Thank you

  • @parvezshahid8906
    @parvezshahid89066 жыл бұрын

    Thanks so much Khan! My lecturer makes this stuff so complex but you explain it so well and clearly!

  • @ComandaKronikk
    @ComandaKronikk8 жыл бұрын

    Thanks Sal my chemistry and maths are increasing rapidly all thanks to your great academy!

  • @fannyzen
    @fannyzen8 жыл бұрын

    Thank you I have been struggling with this and your video help me a lot will continue to watch and learn

  • @freetorontodatingca
    @freetorontodatingca11 жыл бұрын

    Great demonstration, thanks for making understanding these chains much easier.

  • @sonnywu100
    @sonnywu1007 жыл бұрын

    lmao my finals in 6 days and khan academy always saves my day

  • @Victoria-vj3wv
    @Victoria-vj3wv6 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much! I was struggling with trying to figure this out through reading the text and wasn't getting the concept. Your explanation in the video made it all click, I'm so grateful!

  • @VungL
    @VungL7 жыл бұрын

    That's the most interesting most basic iupac nomenclature ever!!!! Love it👌

  • @Crystal-hp2lf
    @Crystal-hp2lf11 жыл бұрын

    WOW after so many yrs i finally understand simple concepts #thank you so much SAL

  • @katelynvalenzuela7787
    @katelynvalenzuela77873 жыл бұрын

    ive watched so many videos like this and did not understand until this video. THANK YOU

  • @codingandmore5811
    @codingandmore58118 жыл бұрын

    Perfect for beginners! Awesome work Khan Academy!

  • @khanacademy
    @khanacademy14 жыл бұрын

    @brco2003 Each carbon has 4 bonds. If it is already bonded to 2 other carbons then the other 2 will be to hydrogen. If it only has 1 carbon bond, the other 3 will be hydrogen

  • @jamesgossing9344
    @jamesgossing934410 жыл бұрын

    Hi sir I just wanted to say your making this so easy, and your a god sent!

  • @tarunraheja277
    @tarunraheja27712 жыл бұрын

    Sir, I thank you from the very bottom of my heart. Words won't express my gratitude.

  • @zchoicez
    @zchoicez13 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much for explaining! I could not understand the explanation on my chemistry textbook!! I'm doing a distance learning and videos like this helps alot!!

  • @jjohnston5406
    @jjohnston54068 ай бұрын

    OMG explanations that actually make sense!!!

  • @mohamadraeesi9484
    @mohamadraeesi94843 жыл бұрын

    I'm reviewing my first 2yrs of university with your channel and thinking how different my grades in highschool would have been if i had found your channel earlier.

  • @caressakasperbauer9461
    @caressakasperbauer946110 жыл бұрын

    This was great! Thank you!

  • @pbeverlyshey
    @pbeverlyshey11 жыл бұрын

    Thank you, you help me understand real good.

  • @minoc2
    @minoc214 жыл бұрын

    @khanacademy Not critical at all - I am grateful for the refreshing way to remember my basic chemistry. Thanks again for sharing.

  • @the3onions
    @the3onions8 жыл бұрын

    This is so fun.

  • @Lx2E
    @Lx2E12 жыл бұрын

    the different collors really helps

  • @rajatsh5261
    @rajatsh52616 жыл бұрын

    Thx helped a lot!

  • @thered4
    @thered413 жыл бұрын

    This video was so helpful. Thanks Mr. Khan

  • @bijenderdahiya26
    @bijenderdahiya262 жыл бұрын

    Best channel to get up things in the easiest way in chemistry

  • @immanerd1904
    @immanerd190410 жыл бұрын

    Oh I understand it now, thank you!

  • @victorbricemouofokounde7062
    @victorbricemouofokounde70629 жыл бұрын

    2-PROPYL WILL MAKE THEE LONGES CHAIN

  • @hrishikeshrayasa685
    @hrishikeshrayasa6856 жыл бұрын

    Really helpful!!!! Thank you so much!!!!!

  • @thomasnn
    @thomasnn8 жыл бұрын

    Yes, thank you!

  • @tylercairo2347
    @tylercairo234710 жыл бұрын

    Now that I see the 2-propyl heptane is incorrect and should be 4-methyl nonane, are you supposed to check the length of the carbon chain even off of an alkyl group? I thought you only determine the length of the carbon chain based off of the amount of carbons BEFORE drawing an alkyl group. So just to reiterate, are you supposed to recheck the length of the carbon chain once you've draw in an alkyl group to make sure that it is in fact the longest chain? If any of this made sense. PLEASE HELP

  • @Pieterj4n
    @Pieterj4n11 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the video, it was really helpful!

  • @WhiteFlower93
    @WhiteFlower9312 жыл бұрын

    Wow! great explaining! I like using colors coz it's easy to understand =) Thanx alot !!

  • @vic902
    @vic9026 жыл бұрын

    OMG THANK YOU SO MUCH. i just started grade 12 chemistry and like many people my teacher makes these concepts so complicated

  • @haider1905
    @haider19057 жыл бұрын

    Awesome explanation!

  • @mariepoling6769
    @mariepoling67695 жыл бұрын

    I think you might be the reason I pass O chem. Thank you. It's so incomprehensible in class, but easy here!

  • @hassanfateel2734
    @hassanfateel27345 жыл бұрын

    7:50 the longest chain is diff

  • @armansheikh8794
    @armansheikh87943 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much bcz I was watched last time 7 years old ago..... So helpful lecture.... Life struggle

  • @jayeiychoi1805
    @jayeiychoi18058 жыл бұрын

    Thanks so much sir!

  • @ummruwaba123
    @ummruwaba12313 жыл бұрын

    This is very helpful

  • @ailurophile4341
    @ailurophile43415 жыл бұрын

    I'm binging organic chemistry playlist and this got 0 to a 100 real quick

  • @hawaabdisalan4708
    @hawaabdisalan47089 жыл бұрын

    this surelyy helped me a problem i couldnt solve

  • @kilobyte6496
    @kilobyte64964 жыл бұрын

    THANK YOU SO MUCH! 🙌🙌🙌

  • @ezman212
    @ezman21211 жыл бұрын

    u r awesome. Thanks a lot.

  • @ramnishchamdal5040
    @ramnishchamdal50409 жыл бұрын

    God bless you Mr. KHAN thanks for the videos great help :D

  • @EstherCloete
    @EstherCloete5 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much!

  • @christopherjohnson8242
    @christopherjohnson82428 жыл бұрын

    That's actually 4-methyl nonane not 2-propyl heptane. It's the longest chain of carbons you use as your base for the name. Which substituent has less carbons? Methyl or propyl in this case? Methyl.

  • @kdubsist

    @kdubsist

    8 жыл бұрын

    +Christopher Johnson I noticed this as well, so what would be the proper way to write 2-propyl heptane? or will this just always be referred to as the other?

  • @thrls

    @thrls

    8 жыл бұрын

    yeah it just can't exist, it would always be 4-methyl nonane.

  • @MaesterPeemore

    @MaesterPeemore

    8 жыл бұрын

    +Christopher Johnson he made a correction video

  • @Rapha5019
    @Rapha50198 жыл бұрын

    THANK YOU SO MUCH.

  • @geoiespogi
    @geoiespogi12 жыл бұрын

    Sir, you make it look sooooo eassssyyy! Thank you!! :)

  • @sh.a2102
    @sh.a21024 жыл бұрын

    Well thanks 💛💛💛

  • @IzzWizzWillRule
    @IzzWizzWillRule9 жыл бұрын

    thankyou so much!

  • @stop08it
    @stop08it12 жыл бұрын

    aw man...i luckily have a decent chem teacher this semester but we are tackling o-chem in the last chapter...i've been frozen since we started going over it and became more and more frightened as I read textbooks and different science sites online. I just remembered about Khan Academy! I'm finally understanding all the notes in front of me! Thanks for saving my butt again!

  • @tzuyu123chou3
    @tzuyu123chou38 жыл бұрын

    it was so helpful :)

  • @iaditya999
    @iaditya99912 жыл бұрын

    U r great....

  • @MohamedAdel-kb8xg
    @MohamedAdel-kb8xg8 жыл бұрын

    yoo such a great teacher .. i'm from Egypt and this it not my mother language but i just understood every thing .. thanks :D

  • @hellomyfriend2053
    @hellomyfriend205313 жыл бұрын

    @minoc2 Shouldn;'t it be 3-methylnonane

  • @brco2003
    @brco200314 жыл бұрын

    @khanacademy I just watched "Representing Structures of Organic Molecules" which I should have watched before wasting your time. Thanks!

  • @Susansboil
    @Susansboil11 жыл бұрын

    thnks!

  • @MARXprod
    @MARXprod Жыл бұрын

    You're goated!

  • @georgeemms
    @georgeemms9 жыл бұрын

    brilliant

  • @vanilla7616
    @vanilla76164 жыл бұрын

    Thank you❤️

  • @HotPepperLala
    @HotPepperLala13 жыл бұрын

    You are saving me!

  • @TECHUSK
    @TECHUSK3 жыл бұрын

    Still useful after 10 years

  • @kanobreeze2288
    @kanobreeze22884 жыл бұрын

    bro thank you so much

  • @Shaunagevids
    @Shaunagevids10 жыл бұрын

    With the addition of the propyl group to the heptane, the longest carbon chain is no longer 7. If you draw out the entire molecule without numbering the carbons before adding the propyl group and number the carbons afterwards, you'll find that it's nonane with a methyl group attached at the 4th carbon.

  • @ChitranjanBaghiofficial
    @ChitranjanBaghiofficial4 жыл бұрын

    that phone ring timing was perfect.

  • @rodoshi963

    @rodoshi963

    3 жыл бұрын

    no, he probably would've kept on going if the phone didn't ring :(

  • @TerranDL
    @TerranDL12 жыл бұрын

    great

  • @lindsaypeterson6004
    @lindsaypeterson60045 жыл бұрын

    THANK YOU THANK YOU THANK YOU

  • @xaviernadar8983
    @xaviernadar89835 жыл бұрын

    7:57 if you make a molecular structure like that, the principal carbon chain becomes 9 and you also said that while naming the molecules, you should the biggest chain into consideration..., so...?

  • @brco2003
    @brco200314 жыл бұрын

    @khanacademy Ah, I see. Thanks!

  • @stacysiegel5709
    @stacysiegel570910 жыл бұрын

    Wouldn't that be 4-methyl nonane? Because the longest chain has nine carbons?

  • @sahibjyotsingh5810

    @sahibjyotsingh5810

    4 жыл бұрын

    Yes

  • @sahibjyotsingh5810

    @sahibjyotsingh5810

    4 жыл бұрын

    You are right

  • @SexyshyBlonde
    @SexyshyBlonde9 жыл бұрын

    Love these videos, all the science videos are really helping me loads with understanding everything I'm learning in university currently so thanks :-)

  • @kevwilbe5205

    @kevwilbe5205

    9 жыл бұрын

    SexyshyBlonde i am highschooler, I study this in high school

  • @abaundwal

    @abaundwal

    8 жыл бұрын

    +Kev Wilbe Me too! Asians!!

  • @kingdom7777777
    @kingdom77777777 жыл бұрын

    where is the sound?

  • @WiseFoolTrading
    @WiseFoolTrading11 жыл бұрын

    I think that it would be the same thing as an alkane has sigma bonds which are free to rotate, therefore they can change their shapes into both 4-Methylnonane and 2-propylheptane.

  • @sidassassin6670
    @sidassassin66707 жыл бұрын

    awesoeme

  • @2011fergie
    @2011fergie13 жыл бұрын

    You rock man!!!!

  • @herpderpmonkey
    @herpderpmonkey12 жыл бұрын

    at 10:50, what happens if the branch also diverges into more branches? How would it be named? Also, how would you name a molecule if there are multiple branches (i.e. 3-4-propyl heptane?)

  • @mallappahosmani8918
    @mallappahosmani89185 жыл бұрын

    It is good

  • @ayjaygame
    @ayjaygame10 жыл бұрын

    How would you draw branches that have things like "....6-(4-methylpentyl)dodecane" I can draw the rest of the problem, just slightly confused at the methylpentyl part.

  • @pranskuyy_
    @pranskuyy_3 жыл бұрын

    where do you teach??

  • @mscatcakes
    @mscatcakes12 жыл бұрын

    thanks a bunch! :)

  • @pratyushrao7979
    @pratyushrao79794 жыл бұрын

    if u go reverse, i can call 2 propyl heptane as 4 methyl nonane, im confused

  • @ericamcneese1393
    @ericamcneese13937 жыл бұрын

    Correct me if I am wrong, but in regards to 6-butyltetradecane and the idea that 9-butyltetradecane never being an actual name since it would be named the first way ( 6-butyltetradecane)... Could you say that with a chain and one group attached, you would never attach it to a carbon greater than the halfway point, for example the last number to exist would be 7-butyltetradecane in this case. Please let me know if that makes sense?

  • @triple_gem_shining
    @triple_gem_shining10 ай бұрын

    Beautiful hand writing

  • @jvanvynck
    @jvanvynck9 жыл бұрын

    does the behavior of a molecule vary by a lot depending on which carbon a group is attached to?

  • @erfanhuq8743
    @erfanhuq87437 жыл бұрын

    8:03 4-methyl octane?

  • @TimeTraveller-nt1im
    @TimeTraveller-nt1im4 ай бұрын

    Yok know you do a better job than my teacher does bc i could understand this lesson here instead of my school even if English is not my native language

  • @timothytimbermercertimber8390
    @timothytimbermercertimber83907 жыл бұрын

    Help? What should be the next video after this? In the order of the video viewing, it jumps to double bonds etc. A video seems to be missing. Help!

  • @elizabethreyes5219
    @elizabethreyes521910 жыл бұрын

    You are my savior! Thank you very much! Godbless you :) :*

  • @ashirintishar7670
    @ashirintishar76707 жыл бұрын

    That ringtone though :v

  • @Sebkarp0
    @Sebkarp09 жыл бұрын

    You my friend are a legend =D