Manichaeism: The Silk Road Religion

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Special thanks to Dr. Mattias Brand for co-writing this episode.
Bibliography
"MANICHEISM," Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, 2014, available at www.iranicaonline.org/articles...
N. J. Baker-Brian, Manichaeism. An Ancient Faith Rediscovered (London: T&T Clark, 2011)
J. D. BeDuhn, The Manichaean Body in Discipline and Ritual (London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2000),
I. Colditz, "The Abstract of a Religion Or: What Is Manichaeism?," in Mani in Dublin, ed. S. G. Richter, C. Horton, and K. Ohlhafer (Leiden: Brill, 2015), 47-70.
J. K. Coyle, "Foreign and Insane: Labelling Manichaeism in the Roman Empire," in Manichaeism and Its Legacy, ed. J. K. Coyle (Leiden: Brill, 2009), 3-24
I. Gardner, and S. N. C. Lieu, eds. Manichaean Texts from the Roman Empire (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004).
I. Gardner, The Founder of Manichaeism: Rethinking the Life of Mani. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020.
Z. Gulácsi, Mani's Pictures: The Didactic Images of the Manichaeans from Sasanian Mesopotamia to Uygur Central Asia and Tang-Ming China (Leiden: Brill, 2015).
A. F. de Jong, "A Quodam Persa Exstiterunt: Re-Orienting Manichaean Origins," in Empsychoi Logoi: Religious Innovations in Antiquity, ed. A. Houtman, A. F. de Jong, and M. Misset-van de Weg (Leiden: Brill, 2009): 81-106.
W. Sundermann, "Manichaean Literature in Iranian Languages," in The Literature of Pre-Islamic Iran, ed. R. E. Emmerick and M. Macuch (London: I.B.Tauris, 2008), 197-265.

Пікірлер: 967

  • @ReligionForBreakfast
    @ReligionForBreakfast2 жыл бұрын

    Gnosticism seminar: www.speakeasy.com/speaker/andrew-henry Patreon: patreon.com/religionforbreakfast

  • @liquidluck711

    @liquidluck711

    2 жыл бұрын

    @ReligionForBreakfast Have you heard or read the Christ Letters?

  • @vivektandon4509

    @vivektandon4509

    2 жыл бұрын

    Could you please tell me the books to learn about theology and the different religious

  • @Pingwn

    @Pingwn

    2 жыл бұрын

    Can you please upload your seminars after they are done so others could view them?

  • @hhhieronymusbotch

    @hhhieronymusbotch

    2 жыл бұрын

    Would love to see an episode on Manichaeism's influence on Augustine's theology and/or about his conflict with Pelagius!

  • @OnlyBugmenWantedHandles

    @OnlyBugmenWantedHandles

    2 жыл бұрын

    You mention a discord server but I can't find any links. Is it possible to join, or is it a private server?

  • @pan_jzm
    @pan_jzm2 жыл бұрын

    Man, that was the weirdest episode of VeggieTales I've heard of.

  • @wheatgrowssweet

    @wheatgrowssweet

    2 жыл бұрын

    The early seasons are pretty rough. They didn't really get the formula down until the middle ages.

  • @johndurham6172

    @johndurham6172

    2 жыл бұрын

    Thought you were going to make a Veggie Tales joke.

  • @milascave2

    @milascave2

    2 жыл бұрын

    Zach: So they couldn't eat vegetables or frit? They just ate meat? Sounds like an Atkins diet.

  • @Cordoba82

    @Cordoba82

    2 жыл бұрын

    Genius joke!

  • @garynaccarato4606

    @garynaccarato4606

    2 жыл бұрын

    Why does something tell me that the people who practiced this religion back then would have probably would have liked Veggie tales?

  • @joyshokeir1593
    @joyshokeir15932 жыл бұрын

    The one dislike on this video is from St. Augustine.

  • @freelanceart1019

    @freelanceart1019

    2 жыл бұрын

    The biggest Racist Augustine ever.

  • @Perririri

    @Perririri

    2 жыл бұрын

    Or Confucius

  • @FJ-rh6io

    @FJ-rh6io

    2 жыл бұрын

    Lol

  • @jalapeno.tabasco

    @jalapeno.tabasco

    Ай бұрын

    You wouldn't believe how many Christians accuse Augustine of bringing manichean ideas to Christianity🙄

  • @GodlessCommie
    @GodlessCommie5 ай бұрын

    I can see why this religion didn’t make it to modernity, but I can’t help but respect Mani’s commitment to syncretism. A common modern view is that “all religions hold a piece of the truth” and Mani must’ve thought that too. He seems ahead of his time in a way.

  • @seananthony7494

    @seananthony7494

    2 ай бұрын

    Its decline around the same time of the rise of Islam.

  • @Zygomatic_Bolt

    @Zygomatic_Bolt

    27 күн бұрын

    But they can't all coexist as the truth since most religions contradict eachother

  • @Beepbeep_its_treasure

    @Beepbeep_its_treasure

    8 күн бұрын

    Don't the Ba'hai think the same ?

  • @iumbo1234
    @iumbo12342 жыл бұрын

    Any plans to do a video about Nestorianism and it's spread into Asia? It's a very unknown and interesting subject.

  • @tateoien871

    @tateoien871

    2 жыл бұрын

    THIS! The Church of the East is so fascinating and it's syncretic adaptation to so many cultural contexts is really cool

  • @mr.caleblynn9246

    @mr.caleblynn9246

    2 жыл бұрын

    Please do!

  • @ZiraRisasi

    @ZiraRisasi

    2 жыл бұрын

    This plz

  • @hhhieronymusbotch

    @hhhieronymusbotch

    2 жыл бұрын

    YES YES YES YES YES YES

  • @gibiscus

    @gibiscus

    2 жыл бұрын

    I was in the Valley in LA and saw a sign that said "Assyrian Festival" and followed the directions to a Church of the East and they were very nice, had good food and souvenirs like a coloring book with Aramaic, but I didn't really talk about their theology at all...

  • @Megaghost_
    @Megaghost_2 жыл бұрын

    I didn't know that's where the word comes from. In spanish "Maniqueísmo" is a pejorative term that describes a tendency to reduce reality to a duality of opposites like what is considered "good" or "bad" for example. Now it makes sense.

  • @theMoporter

    @theMoporter

    2 жыл бұрын

    Like black-and-white thinking?

  • @Megaghost_

    @Megaghost_

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@theMoporter Yep

  • @croissantfromage7289

    @croissantfromage7289

    2 жыл бұрын

    Same thing in french with manichéen

  • @sirrathersplendid4825

    @sirrathersplendid4825

    2 жыл бұрын

    Sounds like the situation in US politics where all problems are reduced to good/bad, left/right, which of course means they can never be solved as real life is never like that.

  • @lukejones7164

    @lukejones7164

    2 жыл бұрын

    @overused palimpsest "Black and White" dualism is not a traditional part of ANY Abrahamic religion. And a Pagan religion is any ethnic religion regardless of their beliefs or practices, which doesn't apply to Maniaechism.

  • @Lord-Stanhope
    @Lord-Stanhope2 жыл бұрын

    Been fascinated with Gnosticism for a long time. The problem I had was that almost all the available sources were either strongly for or strongly against. Thanks for having a "Just the facts maam" approach.

  • @maiacorbin7879

    @maiacorbin7879

    2 жыл бұрын

    He's really good at this. It's refreshing not to have to hold my nose through a religious studies video, most accessible sources are confessional or very bad at hiding their bias.

  • @Gustoberg

    @Gustoberg

    Жыл бұрын

    I have a clear bias against christianity (because when you grow to be an atheist sometimes you begin to not like your old religion) but I am fascinated with religions, unfortunately teology universities are more of a "priestmaker" than a "theologianmaker" thing here, and yeah, most sources that are not biased are just youtube videos, actual papers on religion? Mostly preaches the religion they are studying, but the atheist theologians are mostly so unsufferable, like that's why people hate us! So yes, the best way to watch theology content without any bias is this channel

  • @SoManyDucks
    @SoManyDucks2 жыл бұрын

    I did my senior thesis on religious syncretism on the Silk road and Manicheanism featured a lot in the texts I read. It's a fascinating religion, and the religious syncretism that you described in passing is utterly fascinating when taken a further look at, and Manicheanism wasn't the only one that did it - "Nestorian" Christianity (for lack of a more recognizable term) made fairly heavy use of borrowing religious terms and symbols as well. One of the things I found was that when translating religious texts from one language to another (or more extreme, one culture to another), it makes a lot more sense to borrow the religious terminology of the language you are translating into, so that your text is intelligible. Otherwise you are left with having to transliterate, and confuse your audience. I know in one case, it lead to the phrase "... all the angels and archangels" being translated as "... all the buddhas and bodhisattvas" among many other very notable borrowings.

  • @ssn139

    @ssn139

    2 жыл бұрын

    I wrote my senior (undergrad) thesis on a very similar topic! I focusing on the Manichaean "Hymnscroll" in particular, which was a Tang-dynasty work found at Turfan. I looked at how the use of some Buddhist religious concepts (at least in the Hymnscroll) weren't just straight borrowing or gloss, but actually effected the content of practices & beliefs within those communities. Watching this video reminded me how much I enjoyed this topic.

  • @Sqk.

    @Sqk.

    Жыл бұрын

    Like how Buddhist texts in China used Daoist terms

  • @arthas640

    @arthas640

    Жыл бұрын

    or like how the Catholic church copied many features of roman religion, including vestial virgins/nuns. monks and priests did the same when they moved into the reat of europe like using the already famous 3 leaf clover symbol to explain the trinity to Irish pagans

  • @heftymagic4814

    @heftymagic4814

    Жыл бұрын

    Nestorians cringe

  • @Elyseon

    @Elyseon

    Жыл бұрын

    Catholics cringe.

  • @timothypikachu756
    @timothypikachu7562 жыл бұрын

    Went to Cao An, the last remaining Manichaeism place of worship a few years back. Felt surreal

  • @ReligionForBreakfast

    @ReligionForBreakfast

    2 жыл бұрын

    I’m so curious to visit.

  • @someguynamedelan

    @someguynamedelan

    2 жыл бұрын

    How was it surreal? Was it surreal in that it was kind of Buddhist but not?

  • @marcomartinez1843

    @marcomartinez1843

    2 жыл бұрын

    Is it true that the temple is currently run by Buddhists?

  • @allanpopa

    @allanpopa

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@marcomartinez1843 One of the interesting features of many temples in China is that many are religiously pluralistic. I've been to a number of temples in Sichuan which are Daoist, Confucian and Mahayana. No one bats an eyelid at this situation and they accept it as a perfectly normal possibility. It wouldn't surprise me if Cao'an were treated much the same way.

  • @shawnhall482

    @shawnhall482

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@ReligionForBreakfast why talk about this backwards and dangerous thinking religion. It’s doesn’t do anything for the world

  • @sriramhrishikesh9844
    @sriramhrishikesh98442 жыл бұрын

    Last time I was this early, Augustine was still Manichean.

  • @CAPSLOCKPUNDIT

    @CAPSLOCKPUNDIT

    2 жыл бұрын

    I wasn't this early since Christ was a corporal.

  • @someguynamedelan

    @someguynamedelan

    2 жыл бұрын

    kzread.info/dash/bejne/maSVsdtxkpu-ZqQ.html

  • @viktorfalk1988
    @viktorfalk19882 жыл бұрын

    Sounds like a pretty complex scheme to get free meals, not gonna lie.

  • @zelenisok

    @zelenisok

    2 жыл бұрын

    Buddhist Theravada monks are forbidden to work but must eat food given to them as gifts by laypeople.

  • @imjessietr29

    @imjessietr29

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@zelenisok same issue

  • @rorylynch1203

    @rorylynch1203

    2 жыл бұрын

    Not gonna lie, your comment isn’t clever, funny or insightful

  • @Blabla130

    @Blabla130

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@rorylynch1203 This is the problem with the uncritical approach assumed by some religion scholars - it doesn't allow them to see when it's really just a brazen scam to prey on vulnerable and credulous people (pun intended).

  • @mrwensveen

    @mrwensveen

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@rorylynch1203 It did get you to react, so that's something at least.

  • @jackychick
    @jackychick2 жыл бұрын

    I just discovered Mani last week in a chinese history book (in Chinese) documenting its influence in Tang dynasty where the Buddhist sect heavily criticized Mani religion as fake Buddhism. What a serepidity to see a video on Mani popped up now!

  • @trikebeatstrexnodiff

    @trikebeatstrexnodiff

    2 жыл бұрын

    Can you pls tell the name of the book 😩🤚🏻

  • @jackychick

    @jackychick

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@trikebeatstrexnodiff Sorry. I should have said Chinese history book in Chinese....that s why the serendipity is extraordinary because the topic is very obscure. I can't actually remember the title of the book but I know where it is located in the local book store...

  • @weonanegesiscipelibba2973

    @weonanegesiscipelibba2973

    2 жыл бұрын

    > serepidity it's serendipity if you care to change :D

  • @Henrex2000

    @Henrex2000

    Жыл бұрын

    It also played a major role in the fall of Yuan dynasty and some believes it's the namesake of Ming dynasty

  • @damc8415

    @damc8415

    5 ай бұрын

    If you read that other book online, then the “serendipity” is called Google spyware (cookies, algorithms, search-history analysis, etc.) directing you to related content.

  • @csabapacsko2943
    @csabapacsko29432 жыл бұрын

    In Hungary, we still have a plenty of Manichaeian imagery in some of our protestant temples. It's interesting how souch old beliefs could've survived until the reformation.

  • @hiltonklitzna9394
    @hiltonklitzna93942 жыл бұрын

    Would you possibly do the Valentinians or Cathars? I'm interested in more elaboration on traditions surrounding Gnosis

  • @ReligionForBreakfast

    @ReligionForBreakfast

    2 жыл бұрын

    Currently working on a video about Valentinians.

  • @yqafree

    @yqafree

    2 жыл бұрын

    Nice!

  • @someguynamedelan

    @someguynamedelan

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@ReligionForBreakfast I hope you at least put Catharism at the bottom of your list.

  • @luxuryloaf9023

    @luxuryloaf9023

    2 жыл бұрын

    Sethianism too, perhaps?

  • @smellymala3103

    @smellymala3103

    2 жыл бұрын

    🙏🏻

  • @milkallergy8829
    @milkallergy88292 жыл бұрын

    me: ayo what's your ideology? mani being mani: *yes*

  • @Perririri

    @Perririri

    2 жыл бұрын

    Normie

  • @hybridroundhead4978
    @hybridroundhead49782 жыл бұрын

    So far, the best and most succinct explanation of Manichaeism I have ever encountered in a brief format. You are truly becoming a great teacher.

  • @qwellen7521
    @qwellen75212 жыл бұрын

    I’d love to hear what Mani thinks of Vegie Tales...

  • @imjessietr29

    @imjessietr29

    2 жыл бұрын

    And you can hook up electrodes to plants and hear lots of stuff

  • @frankenduck9955

    @frankenduck9955

    2 жыл бұрын

    I mean I'd assume with their love I've Paul, they'd love some Bob the Tomato.

  • @rosiehawtrey

    @rosiehawtrey

    2 жыл бұрын

    I quite like drawn togethers take on veggie tales... Says it all really. Very nsfw.

  • @LinuxUser00

    @LinuxUser00

    Ай бұрын

    He was vegetarian, so would love it in a sense I imagine?

  • @dennisaur66
    @dennisaur662 жыл бұрын

    This is a fun episode. It doesn’t feel like homework but pure curiosity

  • @sirrathersplendid4825

    @sirrathersplendid4825

    2 жыл бұрын

    Once you realise that there are far more things curious about the world than in the few hours set aside for homework, then young Padawan, you are starting to understand.

  • @tobi1314
    @tobi1314 Жыл бұрын

    One of my favourite novels of all time is The Gardens of Light, and it’s about Mani and his life. 100% recommended!

  • @bencourtois1184

    @bencourtois1184

    Жыл бұрын

    What's the name of the book?

  • @tobi1314

    @tobi1314

    Жыл бұрын

    @@bencourtois1184 The Gardens of Light by Amin Maalouf

  • @bencourtois1184

    @bencourtois1184

    Жыл бұрын

    @@tobi1314 Thanks!

  • @bencourtois1184

    @bencourtois1184

    5 ай бұрын

    Sorry I was feeling a sleepy when I read your comment 😅

  • @thomasdobbs6676
    @thomasdobbs66762 жыл бұрын

    Could you do videos on Oriental Orthodoxy and the Church of the East, their theology, ethics, and history?

  • @tsan_jey
    @tsan_jey2 жыл бұрын

    Talking foods is creepy. Imagine trying to eat veggies which suddenly talked cursing you for eating them instead of you cursing for being forced to eat veggies.

  • @brokeneyes6615

    @brokeneyes6615

    2 жыл бұрын

    You ever hear of a show called Vegitales?

  • @tsan_jey

    @tsan_jey

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@brokeneyes6615 I've heard about it but haven't watched yet

  • @dddpvt

    @dddpvt

    2 жыл бұрын

    do it every time!

  • @Jose-xh5qb

    @Jose-xh5qb

    2 жыл бұрын

    Yes, have you seen Sausage Party?

  • @tsan_jey

    @tsan_jey

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@Jose-xh5qb just watched clips, i don't have money for subscriptions yet. 😅

  • @sujeshchandran9143
    @sujeshchandran91432 жыл бұрын

    There are some theory about possible remnants of Manichaean temples in South India. The name Mani [ this is spelt maani , not same mani (pearl) ] is also common among some traditional Christians in Kerala. It is also interesting to see the cross in a supposedly Manichaean painting preserved in Seiunji temple in Japan which looks like a traditional cross depiction in Kerala. Early Arab travelers (? Abu Zaid in 916 AD ) mentions presence of Manichaeans in southern India. Iam really wondering whether these things are true.

  • @abimukeshs8229

    @abimukeshs8229

    5 ай бұрын

    That's a misunderstanding u have here... Mani has nothing to do with the Syrian Christians of Kerala... There's not a single evidence of Mani having their own symbol as a cross..

  • @truvak
    @truvak2 жыл бұрын

    In Spanish we have the word Maniqueista, it is used as an acepción of manipulator, derived from the description of a politic that uses a divise discurse (two groups / black and white) to define that he is correct and right, and the ones inside the government are not.

  • @didack1419

    @didack1419

    2 жыл бұрын

    A spanish speaker also, "manichaeism" or "manichaeist" is also used that way in English. And I don't know if you're claiming that is specifically that the populist claims that the government is wrong. Of course, the government can be as manichaeist as the opposition.

  • @truvak

    @truvak

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@didack1419 Not at all, of course anyone can manipulate, I was only mentioning the origin of the use.

  • @didack1419

    @didack1419

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@truvak That's what I thought, just for clarifying.

  • @skywindow6764

    @skywindow6764

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@didack1419 good political point, because this is exactly what the greek government does, using Civil War rhetoric against the left. Manis/Manichaeus is the root of this word that means thinking in two absolute opposites, ΜΑΝΙΧΑΪΣΜΟΣ

  • @DAB_1903

    @DAB_1903

    5 ай бұрын

    I disagree. The most common meaning of “maniqueo” in Spanish doesn’t implies manipulation, but a tendency towards an over simplistic black/white worldview or thought, ignoring nuances. Manipulation implies intention to deceive, which is not necessarily so, “maniqueismo” can be a product of sincerely held believes.

  • @boogerie
    @boogerie2 жыл бұрын

    The actions of the Elect as liberating light seems to echo the Kabbalistic notions of "liberating the divine sparks" in tikkun ha-olam

  • @gibiscus

    @gibiscus

    2 жыл бұрын

    Yeah, at first I was like "sounds like UU's" then later "sounds like Kabbalah"...

  • @maiacorbin7879

    @maiacorbin7879

    2 жыл бұрын

    I was thinking the same thing. Very modern sensibilities in some ways, I love silk road literature bc it's so cosmopolitan

  • @ikengaspirit3063
    @ikengaspirit30632 жыл бұрын

    In a different world, Manichaeism conquered the world

  • @wergthy6392

    @wergthy6392

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@newjerseyyouth4853 it was quite widespread

  • @pentelegomenon1175

    @pentelegomenon1175

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@wergthy6392 and it could have changed, which often happens

  • @archeaglemichael1667

    @archeaglemichael1667

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@Zeerich-yx9po hahaha.... Christianity is still hated by the world... No one respects the original laws ...Real christianity is being suppressed and took over or dominated by false worship system of the catholic church.... And also... Other religions also hates Christianity for being monotheistic... Islam borrowed their stories (rewritten some of them) and pretends that it's the conclusion of the Bible but actually its not.... Islam is a totally different religion.... The law of mosses was for the survival of Jews, but the Islam is used it for conquering the world... They are still using it... That's not infact Christianity's fault, but the actions of a false doctrine proposed by a false prophet

  • @user-nc6td8ox1t

    @user-nc6td8ox1t

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@archeaglemichael1667 what kind of christian are you?

  • @archeaglemichael1667

    @archeaglemichael1667

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@user-nc6td8ox1t I was born in a catholic family.... But I am against catholic...

  • @christianmartinez774
    @christianmartinez7742 жыл бұрын

    Had no idea this religion existed. Pretty fascinating how far it spread through the silk road.

  • @khanofkhans6546
    @khanofkhans65462 жыл бұрын

    Sounds like Mani ate some talking mushrooms.

  • @pocketpicker6613

    @pocketpicker6613

    2 жыл бұрын

    Eatin dem tainted grainz, dawg

  • @mccormyke

    @mccormyke

    2 жыл бұрын

    Perhaps he didn't & should have.

  • @DavidFrat123
    @DavidFrat1232 жыл бұрын

    This is why I love the Internet. I would never have heard about such an interesting religion otherwise!

  • @shawnhall482

    @shawnhall482

    2 жыл бұрын

    It’s not that interesting

  • @trira1171

    @trira1171

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@shawnhall482 Christianity borrowed Original Sin comcept from Manichaenism. It was done by St Augustine. Before this, Christianity believed in Karma & Freewill (& reincarnation).

  • @shawnhall482

    @shawnhall482

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@trira1171 not karma

  • @shawnhall482

    @shawnhall482

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@trira1171 karma is strictly a hindu concept and other religions connected with it

  • @GredelsRage
    @GredelsRage2 жыл бұрын

    I enjoyed this video and was quite suprised, as in my studies of religion Manikism is generally just lumped together (lazily at that) with Zorastrianism and mithraism as a fly by night mystery cult.

  • @TechBearSeattle

    @TechBearSeattle

    2 жыл бұрын

    A "fly by night mystery cult" that was Christianity's main competitor for 500 years and possibly (if it does have ties to the Bogomils and Cathars, as some historians suggest) still influencing Christianity for another 500 years after that.

  • @TD-np6ze

    @TD-np6ze

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@TechBearSeattle Is this a WARNING? Was Augustine of Hippo OBJECTION to Manicheism it's Practices of Tolerance and Inclusion??? Were the Massacre & Annihilation Against "Religious NON-Conformists" ...a potential portent of Xtian Nat'l FASCIST Extremism being Used to TOPPLE Crumbling USA Govt?

  • @alangervasis

    @alangervasis

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@TD-np6ze You seem like a deeply troubled lunatic..Get rest.

  • @TD-np6ze

    @TD-np6ze

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@alangervasis Have u forgotten that *More DEATHS due to XTIAN Persecution than ALL Other Causes?* Are u blind to Xtian "Prophets???" Might as well be 1930s America First=Hitler Nothing to Worry

  • @TD-np6ze

    @TD-np6ze

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@necroticneurons9555 Cassandra Syndrome??? "They heard the Warning - but their Ears Were CLOSED & their Eyes Were BLIND!!!" Pleading Ignorance about the RISE of Xtian Nationalists Fascism Just like poor pre-war Germans!!!

  • @JB-mm5ff
    @JB-mm5ff2 жыл бұрын

    Very nice video. A few things of interest that caught my eye that may be entertaining for others: 1. That statue of the Buddha that shows up multiple times has two symbols for "middle" on them, one on the right sleeve and one on the left sleeve. 2. Xradesahr is a very interesting name. Directly translated it comes directly to something akin to "The Lord Christ", and we can see here a later period version of the ending for kingship as seen in names such as Nebuchadnezzar (which the ezzar/esahr ending may be sideways-acquaintable with the later "Caesar", "Czar", etc). Thanks for a great vid!

  • @ANDROLOMA

    @ANDROLOMA

    2 жыл бұрын

    A Google search of the word "Xradesahr" indicates you don't know what you're talking about. Are you making this up as you go along? www.deepdyve.com/lp/brill/manichaeism-in-the-early-sasanian-empire-kNt1vXjaHr

  • @SKH-kg1xw

    @SKH-kg1xw

    Жыл бұрын

    Hi, I am a Persian speaker, though I have little to no knowledge of Middle Persian. When I saw the name on the screen, I read it as Xerad-e-shahr. To my modern persian understanding,it litterally means "the Wisdom of the city/land". I don't know how correct this reading is but if so it is of great interest how Christ was called so in Persian, since to Zorostrians wisdom was a divine feature.

  • @TheADHDNerd
    @TheADHDNerd2 жыл бұрын

    I vastly respect your ability to describe these practices with straight face. "Yeah man, I totally can't do any of that work stuff or pick food or bake bread or anything like that because it's totally a sin. You got to do it for me and bring it here... I gotta stay pure, ya know"

  • @MistarZtv
    @MistarZtv2 жыл бұрын

    I've watched so many of the old videos, its nice to finally keep up with new uploads. keep up the great work.

  • @blindi6326
    @blindi63262 жыл бұрын

    I've been waiting for this!

  • @ronaldofrias2176
    @ronaldofrias21762 жыл бұрын

    I never clicked so fast in my life after seeing the notification.

  • @juancarlosporras2216
    @juancarlosporras22162 жыл бұрын

    This channel is amazing, I love how you put links for papers, documents and information. This is the type of influencers we need!!

  • @vrixphillips
    @vrixphillips2 жыл бұрын

    I was JUST reading about this! thanks for making a video about it :3

  • @moonrisegazer
    @moonrisegazer2 жыл бұрын

    There arent many videos done on this and youre literally my fav youtuber, and it was very informative. So thank you!

  • @jaym9382
    @jaym93822 жыл бұрын

    This was quite fascinating! Thank you for making this video! I had come across the name of this religious tradition before, but I knew almost nothing about it. It's intriguing how flexible a religious tradition it was and how it came to share elements and features with Christianity, Zoroastrianism, and Buddhism. It's also interesting to consider how and why certain religious traditions disappeared (like Manichaeism) and others survived. I wonder how and why Manichaeism ultimately declined and disappeared. I'd have imagined that a religious tradition with such an extensive range from Egypt to Iran to China would have survived in some form to the present day. So many other religious traditions existed in pre-modern times, but are almost entirely gone today.

  • @poorang900
    @poorang9002 жыл бұрын

    That name of jesus, xradsar or khrad shahr means the government of wisdome. Shahr was used as government of Iranians. Nowadays we still call the citys as shahr. Also Mani is famous in Iran because of his beautiful paintings which was called miraculous.

  • @jaredplaysaccordion7965
    @jaredplaysaccordion79652 жыл бұрын

    Awesome script for this. Your is probably my favorite "learning" channel

  • @fredk9999
    @fredk9999 Жыл бұрын

    Thank you to our host. Lots of research. Good presentation

  • @epimorphism
    @epimorphism2 жыл бұрын

    wooo been waiting for this one

  • @mediocreman3363
    @mediocreman33632 жыл бұрын

    I was learning about Manichaeism a few days ago. How can you read my mind?

  • @bleflar9183

    @bleflar9183

    2 жыл бұрын

    He can't, but the algorhitm can.

  • @rumpvirus7393

    @rumpvirus7393

    2 жыл бұрын

    A carrot in the ear. There were only a few people who could download the carrot to a rabbit and get any useful information. Just like today you need to find a guy wearing pyjamas during the day and hanging out in the airport. I'm not sure why it has nothing to do with the rabbit but you kind of seemed lonely and they are very chatty.

  • @musicalintentions
    @musicalintentions2 жыл бұрын

    fascinating! Thank you for sharing your research with all of us. 📚

  • @theindian2226
    @theindian2226 Жыл бұрын

    An insightful discourse Thanks🙏🙏🙏🙏

  • @benjaminromm8184
    @benjaminromm81842 жыл бұрын

    Transcendent God, Emanations, Implanted Divine Sparks? Is there a connection between Manichaean theology and either later Kabbalah or some proto-Kabbalah?

  • @benjaminromm8184

    @benjaminromm8184

    2 жыл бұрын

    @Mullerornis thank you. Common root in gnosticism was what I thought I had learned. Cool!

  • @cvervoort

    @cvervoort

    2 жыл бұрын

    @Mullerornis Almost all religions have something similar. How literal or metaphorical the struggle is depends on each tradition, as do specific laws and aesthetics... But the material world is often considered to be illusory in some way. And almost all stress detachment from wealth, ego, worldly passions, and immoral behaviors. To reach the immaterial realm within and without the human body.

  • @ZonsoAvalune

    @ZonsoAvalune

    2 жыл бұрын

    Basically all Gnosticism is just Kabbalah with extra steps, which is itself just satanism with extra steps.

  • @cvervoort

    @cvervoort

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@ZonsoAvalune except modern Satanism comes from 18th-20th century gentlemen's social clubs and older forms of "Satanism" and "Pagan" religions were just Christian labels for any traditional animist/indigenous religion... And aren't related to so-called mystical Abrahamic or Zoroastrian traditions.

  • @jamesstevenson7725

    @jamesstevenson7725

    2 жыл бұрын

    No, their is no connection

  • @robertschlesinger1342
    @robertschlesinger13422 жыл бұрын

    Very interesting, informative and worthwhile video.

  • @mylesricker3095
    @mylesricker30952 жыл бұрын

    Wow this is such an awesome presentation. Love this channel

  • @jackjohnhameld6401
    @jackjohnhameld64012 жыл бұрын

    First-rate. This will stimulate me to reading more on the mystery of Mani as it will others. Looking forward to your film on Valentinians.

  • @monus782
    @monus7822 жыл бұрын

    Been fascinated with this religion for a long time, except there wasn't much I knew about it so thank you for this video. I'm reading a book about Genghis Khan's religious policies and it has a chapter more or less dedicated to this religion because of the Uyghurs, all of it quite interesting.

  • @stopsomewhere9104
    @stopsomewhere91042 жыл бұрын

    Yesss I’ve wanted this one!

  • @sylvester5022
    @sylvester5022 Жыл бұрын

    Watching this to gain better context on Augustine, very informative!

  • @ernestschroeder9762
    @ernestschroeder97622 жыл бұрын

    Love your work.

  • @steveserra6757
    @steveserra67572 жыл бұрын

    thank you for shedding light on this brief period of humans

  • @lukamilenkovic9578
    @lukamilenkovic95782 жыл бұрын

    I would love to see you make a video exploring deism.

  • @markheitz7963
    @markheitz79632 жыл бұрын

    I've seen a few of ur vids now & must say well done, I find all of these really interesting & informative leaving me in some cases to read up further. I have now subscribed + hit that bell. Keep up the good work cheers Buddy, Mark

  • @martinguerre8220
    @martinguerre82202 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for this. Very informative

  • @robbabcock_
    @robbabcock_2 жыл бұрын

    Fascinating! This isn't a religion I've heard much about. Thanks!

  • @miketacos9034
    @miketacos90342 жыл бұрын

    Okay can we all agree that Zurvan is an awesome name?

  • @JM-qi5dm
    @JM-qi5dm2 жыл бұрын

    Fascinating! Great video!

  • @GoodOne4All
    @GoodOne4All Жыл бұрын

    Beautiful video as usual 😊

  • @venomkiler1
    @venomkiler12 жыл бұрын

    I would like to see more about sethian gnosticism, I find it interesting. Thanks for this video, I have been really interested in these lost religions

  • @madhavdeval
    @madhavdeval2 жыл бұрын

    I'd love to see a video about the development of greco Roman paganism in the second and third century, and its own internal developments- accounts of the period are always about how the relatively small Christian church formed and spread, but I barely ever see anything about whether there were new religious movements within paganism. Was temple attendance or public piety actually declining significantly before christianisation killed it? Was the isis movement in decline by the 3rd century?

  • @richardglady3009
    @richardglady30092 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for such an informative video.

  • @statusdisarray9598
    @statusdisarray95982 жыл бұрын

    WOW i never knew this was so interesting ...You are the best! Thank you!

  • @DanielApologetics
    @DanielApologetics2 жыл бұрын

    Interesting video

  • @rmglabog
    @rmglabog2 жыл бұрын

    The food offering and prohibitions on harvesting fruits/vegetables is a Theravadan Buddhist monastic practice. We still practice it here in Asia, the daily food offering to monks.

  • @johndavidnew
    @johndavidnew2 ай бұрын

    Love the channel. Keep up the good work.

  • @shakudoken5667
    @shakudoken5667 Жыл бұрын

    ReligionForBreakfast is producing some incredibly high-quality videos! I am surprised it hasn't hit 1 million subscribers yet.

  • @erikkr.r.m7380
    @erikkr.r.m73802 жыл бұрын

    Can you do a video on norse religion ?

  • @ReligionForBreakfast

    @ReligionForBreakfast

    2 жыл бұрын

    Video on Loki scheduled for next week!

  • @itarry4

    @itarry4

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@ReligionForBreakfast nice you're by far the best religion research channel I've ever come across. So refreshing to get the story and facts without anything extra to cloud the stories. You give the history, the writings and let the watcher judge. Almost unheard of as most others have an agenda one way or another.

  • @SI-ln6tc

    @SI-ln6tc

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@ReligionForBreakfast Mind as well do one on the Celts too. Some say the Celts were a modern creation (they were never a single religion but were many different tribal religions like those of Africa, North American Natives etc). That might be the case with Vikings.

  • @shawnhall482

    @shawnhall482

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@ReligionForBreakfast you should cover Sanatana Dharma (Hinduism) after next week’s video. Your Hindu subscribers are waiting for a Hinduism video

  • @HierophanticRose
    @HierophanticRose2 жыл бұрын

    In particular, later instances Manicheism spread in the Uyghur/Yughur and Xia/Tangut areas was more aligned in Cosmology with Buddhism than Christianity - to point to the "Varieties of Manicheism" as you mentioned

  • @hussain6469
    @hussain6469 Жыл бұрын

    Very interesting video, thanks for making

  • @MaddieS659
    @MaddieS659 Жыл бұрын

    We're learning about Augustine and Manicheanism in philosophy so I'm glad this video came up in my recommended

  • @gabriels.carvalho4852
    @gabriels.carvalho48522 жыл бұрын

    Makes as much sense as any other religion.

  • @ikengaspirit3063

    @ikengaspirit3063

    2 жыл бұрын

    More like the ultimate Heresy

  • @gabriels.carvalho4852

    @gabriels.carvalho4852

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@ikengaspirit3063 In fact, all "heresies" make as much sense as any other "orthodoxies". The only thing that distinguishes Heresy and Orthodoxy is which group enforced their views and persecuted other views more successfully.

  • @gabriels.carvalho4852

    @gabriels.carvalho4852

    2 жыл бұрын

    @Josh Smith I know, right?

  • @ohamatchhams

    @ohamatchhams

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@gabriels.carvalho4852 Nah, not really It does adds up to see how revelations which Manichaeism have to not just enrich the cultures of Ancient cultures to Medieval eras and even right to this day, but also to explore further the Spiritual achievements and attainments of it's adherents and traditions

  • @gabriels.carvalho4852

    @gabriels.carvalho4852

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@ohamatchhams Are we talking about purposes or traditions?

  • @islandplace7235
    @islandplace72352 жыл бұрын

    Hey, could you cover modern Hellenism? Along with various versions of Paganism?

  • @TechBearSeattle

    @TechBearSeattle

    2 жыл бұрын

    It would be interesting to see a scholar's contrast between what is known of ancient Hellenic, Roman, and Egyptian religion with modern reconstructionism.

  • @covenawhite4855

    @covenawhite4855

    2 жыл бұрын

    Actually there were multiple Hellenistic Pagan Religions. Like Mithraism, Elysian Mysteries, Orphic Cult, along with the Greek and Roman Pantheons being slightly different. Like Ares War God is disrespected and considered less than Wisdom God Athena but Mars War God is very respected along side Wisdom Minerva. Plus, Mycenean Greece also had religion that was reborn after the Mediterranean Bronze Age Collapse.

  • @islandplace7235

    @islandplace7235

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@covenawhite4855 be lovely if he could cover those, so much to go over.

  • @islandplace7235

    @islandplace7235

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@TechBearSeattle agreed 100%

  • @leonieromanes7265

    @leonieromanes7265

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@Zeerich-yx9po makes sense to me, the original biblical texts were written in Greek. Jesus and his father Joseph worked for wealthy Greeks living in Israel. Christianity was a hybrid religion, mixing Jewish traditions with Greek philosophy.

  • @humanity600
    @humanity6002 жыл бұрын

    Yes! One of my favourite religions to read on.🤩🔥🔥🔥

  • @andyisacsson7503
    @andyisacsson75032 жыл бұрын

    As always, excellent

  • @eponymous_graphics
    @eponymous_graphics2 жыл бұрын

    @9:00 regarding not harvesting food or processing animals for food, but then "given" (?) that very same harvest and butchered meat made from other hands ... sounds similar to everyone today who wants to eat a hamburger, but doesn't want to know nor see where it originates from ! what a jip. Remember what Pinhead said in Hellraiser II, regarding a girl gifted in solving puzzles who solves the square mechanism that opens the door to another dimension: "It's not who opened the door that is responsible, it's the person who desired it to be opened that we will ... TEAR THEIR SOULS APART !" yeah, you kinda gotta be there. Great video. I really like this breakfast videos. Thanks for sharing. [edit typos]

  • @Fetishcast
    @Fetishcast2 жыл бұрын

    its a good day when you upload

  • @karezaalonso7110
    @karezaalonso7110 Жыл бұрын

    You have helped many people pronounce Iran correctly. (EA-RUN). Thank you so much.

  • @kevtherev8194
    @kevtherev81942 жыл бұрын

    Thanks from TAIWAN

  • @dddpvt
    @dddpvt2 жыл бұрын

    No wonder Augustine has a brewery named after him, Great line

  • @itarry4

    @itarry4

    2 жыл бұрын

    That'll come from the fact Monks and Abbey were basically brewery's but yhea..

  • @jambudvipi
    @jambudvipi2 жыл бұрын

    *In a nutshell:* •Manichaeism is a *Moksh-aligned religion* which gives precedence to Prophet Mani over other gurus •Just as Buddhism is a Moksh-aligned religion which gives precedence to Buddhas over other gurus •Just as Sikhism a Moksh-aligned religion which gives precedence to Satgurus over other gurus •Just as Jainism is a Moksh-aligned religion which gives precedence to Tirthankars over other gurus •Etc

  • @manny75586
    @manny7558610 ай бұрын

    One of my favorite accounts of Manichaeism is in "Confessions" by St. Augustine. Largely because he was one of them before turning fully to Christianity. The book is an excellent read on all levels.

  • @XRADESHAHR777
    @XRADESHAHR7772 жыл бұрын

    Super nice video!

  • @ANDROLOMA
    @ANDROLOMA2 жыл бұрын

    In Voltaire's novel Candide, the philosopher Martin is called the world's last Manichaeist. Manichaeism can be considered a religion as extinct as Tyrannosaur worship.

  • @frankbaz6449

    @frankbaz6449

    Жыл бұрын

    That's where I first heard of it, actually. That's probably my favorite book of all time.

  • @ANDROLOMA

    @ANDROLOMA

    Жыл бұрын

    @@frankbaz6449 To read Voltaire is to love Voltaire. One of my very favorite writers.

  • @loveandmercy9664
    @loveandmercy96642 жыл бұрын

    It would be interesting if he did a series on the religious movements in the late 19th century like the second great awakening, the millerites, the German templar community in Palestine as well as the religions that came out of it east and west like Seventh day Adventist, Jehovahs, Ahadiyya Muslims, Baha'is etc....

  • @Mechristopheles
    @Mechristopheles2 жыл бұрын

    Another excellent video.

  • @hparandvash
    @hparandvash2 жыл бұрын

    Thank you. Hope you do a video on Mazdak, the other Persian prophet, in the future.

  • @grahamrankin4725
    @grahamrankin47252 жыл бұрын

    I suggest a companion video showing how Christianity incorporated local beliefs into its doctrine. Like Jesus birth being celebrated near winter solstice from Saturnalia or Day of the Dead (All souls day) from Aztecs.

  • @garrett6076

    @garrett6076

    2 жыл бұрын

    he did a great video on why Christmas is on Dec 25 and he talks about the connection with Saturnalia: kzread.info/dash/bejne/ZXh8xLGpg5C0YMY.html

  • @kylejacobson9587

    @kylejacobson9587

    11 ай бұрын

    Watch his video on Christmas. You probably won't like what you hear

  • @maxion5109
    @maxion51092 жыл бұрын

    Wonder if Tolkien was inspired by Manichean belief when he wrote The Tale of the Sun and the Moon, which were literal storage vessels of light created by the Valar. As an academic he must have been familiar with a lot of religions and mystical traditions.

  • @enniopaone

    @enniopaone

    2 жыл бұрын

    Probably, but I couldn't find anything on it. Could also just be influenced by Christianity like many of his works.

  • @maxion5109

    @maxion5109

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@enniopaone Biblical influences are indeed present in Tolkiens mythology but he tapped stories and tales from all over the place.

  • @halikarnak1862

    @halikarnak1862

    Жыл бұрын

    I see parallels between eru illuvitar and melkor pairing and the pairing of ahuramazda and angra mainyu as the embodiments of good and evil

  • @archkittens
    @archkittens Жыл бұрын

    I miss so many of these videos because the red line in the thumbnail makes me think i've already seen the video

  • @danieldiebolt9483
    @danieldiebolt94832 жыл бұрын

    Love your channel! Please, consider doing a vid on Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite

  • @whyishoudini
    @whyishoudini2 жыл бұрын

    Anyone else super atheist but love this channel?

  • @flyingfoamtv2169

    @flyingfoamtv2169

    2 жыл бұрын

    me to

  • @loveandmercy9664
    @loveandmercy96642 жыл бұрын

    The original seal of the prophets.

  • @carlosrios3215
    @carlosrios32152 жыл бұрын

    So many self proclaimed apostles even in the ancient past. Great vid.

  • @frederickzorn3542
    @frederickzorn35422 жыл бұрын

    Robert Sapolsky’s lecture on religious belief should be your next watch.

  • @benthomason3307
    @benthomason3307 Жыл бұрын

    Funny how humans have been practicing agriculture for tens of thousands of years, but none of our harvests ever spoke to their farmer until Mani came around.

  • @bearcb
    @bearcb Жыл бұрын

    Does anyone know from which picture the figure of Augustine that appears in the video was taken? Stunning!

  • @NoirFan01
    @NoirFan012 жыл бұрын

    Now I have to look up the Mandeans. I have not heard of that before