I have dreamed my entire adult life to contribute and collaborate with a project like this. What you guys are doing is simply amazing. Thank you for posting these videos.

One of your best presentations yet. Although I realize the purpose of these vids is self promotion, these also serve to inform the public the process is achievable and progress is being made.

Am a complete layman but find this fascinating, and nothing but admiration for the diligence of teams like this. Human ingenuity and bringing together clever minds can produce amazing results, keep up the up the hard work all and my hats off to your long term vision.

Great job! I wish you success.

love it keep the content flowing.

That was surprisingly informative, thanks for sharing

Why it doesn't surprise me to see another talented spanyard who had to go abroad to thrive? Nice to see all this awesome work even if I don't undersand half of it.

Great video! I wonder, is there a theoretical group that modulate scrape-off layer plasma for your fascinating tokamak?

It would be great to hear more about how the divertor plans compare to the approaches of similar tokamaks.

@Muonium1

4 жыл бұрын

yes indeed, particularly given that all things being equal, the divertor heat flux on a high Tc superconducting, super high B field, miniaturized tokamak is going to be absolutely stupendous, possibly orders of magnitude greater than on a conventional "low" B field ITER like design. Something like the Super X divertor on MAST will be a total necessity.

@gameresearch9535

4 жыл бұрын

@@Muonium1 Google search for "Graphene as a high field magnet", and look at all the articles on the first page results. Go to my channel, find Technology Research, go there. Find all the playlists on the channel, check back manually for updates to playlists, subscribing won't always show it. I can't give links or my comment is hidden, and it would seem my other comment was also hidden without links to this video, youtube has a lot of corruption going on and bias, and they don't want me to share amazing positive and good innovative things that are to a whole other level. They want mindless brainwashed biased people to watch videos in a biased direction.

@Muonium1

4 жыл бұрын

@@gameresearch9535 ever think maybe you actually are just a crank?

@gameresearch9535

4 жыл бұрын

@@Muonium1 Ever stop to think that if you had followed the steps I gave, that I was actually right? That would be terrible to realize that Graphene can be so amazing and that I would be right from facts that come from proof. Calling someone a crank when you have a level of ignorance. Maybe try to look into the steps I gave to go to my other channel and learn everything about Graphene and Quantum Technologies shown there in the playlists area from the steps I gave, before you give such ignorant comments. Now go to my channel, find Technology Research, go there. After that, on the home page of my other channel, click on the "playlists button", and then click on the "created playlists" button. There is so much bias and corruption here, and on top of that, your level of ignorance is showing. I can't even give links or they are hidden, the least you could have done was checked everything on my other channel and learned everything I had to show, but you chose to say something petty and act ignorant, don't talk to me until you have seen everything on my other channel. And btw, by calling me names like a crank, and on top of that ignoring looking at all the information "because I would actually have a good reason" for why I was trying to mention what I had in my other comment about Graphene high field magnets and other things about Graphene, and my other channel that you had ignored, and you act like I don't, is a pure insult and disrespectful. Also because you called me something and ignored my other channel with all the facts from proof, means you lost the argument.

@streaky81

4 жыл бұрын

Think everybody recognizes the divertor is probably going to be one of the hardest if not the hardest thing to get right. I'd be surprised if they have anything like well-developed plans for it and even if/when they do they'll be incredibly commercially sensitive I'd think.

Software being used? On the right hand monitor it looks like ParaView is being used to view FEM analysis. The left hand monitor looks like FreeCAD. It would be good as a FreeCAD developer to know if FreeCAD is indeed being used. If the FEM Workbench is being used to create the analysis being viewed by ParaView and if so which FEM tool(s). Obviously confirmation of software being used might be a commercial issue but it would be a big encouragement to the FreeCAD community to see it being used for such sophisticated engineering.

@antoninperbosc1532

4 жыл бұрын

In my POV as soon you be able to use python "as you want" freecad as no limit to exchange data with paraview, and free fem software (openfoam) ... i had used catia V5 for more than 2 decades to draw and exchange data and believe me or not in Catia V5 scripts (catscrip, vb language or python are nightmare to implements in Catia and i do not talk only about of the lack of documentation ...) So yes i think this is more easy to script,import data and make is own saucage under freecad. The only 2 things i hate under freecad : Construction and parts lines in 2D representation (bleu, white, green ...) are not compliant with the cad standards dash /dot lines, continuous line representation yes this not easy to reconfigure brain after years of CAD ... the sheet spread who is so "light" i wana a real spread sheet ;) .

@NotHim-vb4bs

4 жыл бұрын

Check out the windows taskbar at 1:40 . Theres the FreeCAD icon. As to what it's being used for, who knows?

@antoninperbosc1532

4 жыл бұрын

@@NotHim-vb4bs yes ! paraview & vita icon too, +1 for Keith Sloan ;)

Any chance of using the heating of the plate to recapture a fraction of the input energy?

Clever solutions! (I'm not a physisist)

Great work. I hope fusion will save us soon. How much pressure is inside the tokamak vessel? So how high is the gradient between the vacuum divertor and the scrape surface?

@Shadow9OO

4 жыл бұрын

I read somewhere that it's around 1 bar, maybe a bit more. But It would be interesting to get the real value from the team.

@jjeherrera

4 жыл бұрын

Great question! It isn't so high in spherical tokamaks, so I'd also love to hear (read) what they think about this.

do you also look forward to the first plasma of iter? i think this will be a really interesting moment to see a big tokamak with its first plasma

@tokamakenergy6400

3 жыл бұрын

Of course. It will be a big moment.

So the heat is excessive energy that needs to be filtered out? Heat transfer to form a steam and dont let the byproduct go to waste? That could feed the reactor with more energy and increase efficiency?

why isn't dr.chang diaz superjet gaseous targeted diverter used?

any information as to if/when Tokamak energy will go public-sell stocks?

Would harvesting of the energy absorbed by the divertor be something that could be done in the future to increase efficiency? Or would it be unviable due to the sacrificial nature of the device?

@Muonium1

4 жыл бұрын

the heat flux on the divertor is going to be absolutely phenomenal and will need constant active cooling. In any tokamak design it would be idiotic simply to dump the divertor heat without feeding it to a turbine.

@fistsmcnasty

4 жыл бұрын

I would like to know how this would be done. Something tells me that just weaving some water pipe through it is not going to do the job. Or it might, I don’t know. Maybe I can find out...

@fistsmcnasty

4 жыл бұрын

Yep, definitely something UKAEA has already thought about and have handed contracts out for.

@spacefreeman

4 жыл бұрын

Liquid hydrogen might be candidate, but it is explosive, liquid helium is good choice, but it has lower thermal capacity and more expensive.

@antoninperbosc1532

4 жыл бұрын

The question is what is the %, quantities of energy and type of particles "hit" the divertor VS those who are recycled at this time in 2020 ! (Maybe Daniel Iglesias or somebody else from the statt from tokamak energy will read my comment ;) cross the finger )

Wow. She is very attractive and with brains too. Gorgeous

There is as much imiganition as enginnering. You can never see, touch or manipulate the plasma physically. You can't 'Freeze it there, and lets try that again'. A magnificent achivemnet

should use piezoelectric conductor to put the heat energy back into the system

I'm also curious about just how much heat a fusion reactor with a typical power yield will shed past the divertor, heat exchanger and turbines, that is not used as a byproduct to create energy. Imagine 100 10GW reactors globally that are possibly contributing to further warming up the planet. Is this not a concern?

Ya I have the same problem with my PlayStation 4 .

Try using pristine Graphene to balance your system. The use of hydrogen makes carbon magnetic, so if you could coat the inside walls with Graphene the application of hydrogen should help balance it all out.

Assuming a catastrophic event, such as a detonation of defect or external nature, causing a vessel leak, how much of that 100 million °c would escape and for how long? What are the environmental impact of such a scenario?

@wimvanuytven7858

4 жыл бұрын

The temperature is extremely high, but the density is also extremely low (almost vacuum). This means that the total amount of thermal energy inside the tokamak is not that terrifying. And as soon as the machine is damaged, any new production of fusion heat is impossible. So besides the destruction of the machine itself, pretty much nothing would happen. Perhaps there might be some danger from Tritum leakage, not sure how dangerous that would be.

UFO propulsion system. Wouldn't it be awesome to have and use a "stable" version of element 115? I know someone who has some.

i want to buy one! *[fries bacon]*

Its incredibly upsetting to have such highly skilled and knowledgeable people interviewed but not asked to explain what they are talking about. I think its not to scare people off but some people want to know and are capable of understanding. What is it? How does it work? What is it made of? How was it designed? Does it use energy? This video essentially can be summarised thus. We now have a diverter which is really great.

@swdev245

4 жыл бұрын

There are a lot of videos on KZread explaining the basics of fusion reactor research. Can't do it in every video.

@andylane7142

4 жыл бұрын

Krishan Sadly the confusion deepens. If you’d read my comment it would have been clear that what I am asking for is significantly more detail on what a diverter is. Obviously I know there are numerous videos on the basics of fusion reactors, the various approaches and the advantages and disadvantages of each, furthermore if I was struggling with the basics of fusion I’m not sure how requesting much more information on an individual part of a tokamak would benefit or even interest me. My point was, we had some of the leading engineers and scientists on planet earth being interviewed about an innovation in their field but sadly we don’t know what it is, what its made of or frankly anything else of real interest.

@andylane7142

4 жыл бұрын

Krishan All we got from this video is what a diverter does. Thats basically it and I’m thinking perhaps such an innovation deserves more than 5 minutes of we got a new thing. Its upsetting because its such a lost opportunity to educate curious people who are probably the demographic anyway.. I can’t see someone clicking over from a cat video and subsequently spending 5 minutes on something they have no interest in so if the people coming are interested, give them information. Thats why they came in the first place. Then again, I don’t run a KZread channel, I haven’t amassed a following and can’t claim any expertise. All I have is an enquiring mind which was definitely not satisfied by this surface glaze on a deeply technical subject.

Is it better than nuclear energy?

SAFIRE has already won this race. At a fraction the cost.

@TheRainbowKiss

4 жыл бұрын

I thought that was fake?

@roberthawthorne8396

4 жыл бұрын

@@TheRainbowKiss it's real. Also predictable, and repeatable.

@TheRainbowKiss

4 жыл бұрын

Robert Hawthorne I insist you go watch professor Dave video on Safire

@roberthawthorne8396

4 жыл бұрын

@@TheRainbowKiss professor dave is a half assed chemist claiming to be an astrophysicist. He does not even begin to discredit SAFIRE, only name call due to his lack of unferstanding. Answer me this, "If SAFIRE is fake, how do they repeatedly make heavy elements in the chamber when there were none to begin with? Sounds like fusion to me.

They should hire doctor Octavius aka Dr Octopus

anytime i see something about fusion energy i have feeling like the sheer cost of reactor maintenance will render the technology too expensive that it won't break even. Nevertheless, I wish nothing but success to anyone working on these problems.

A faster way to fusion is A.I. Check my latest video

diverters, limiters, sacrifical regions.... components in combating temperatures seen nowhere in our solar system... sounds like a safe plan...

@swdev245

4 жыл бұрын

The plasma is very hot, but there is only a very, very small amount of it inside the vessel, it's almost a vacuum.

why dont u guys stick together with iter? like....... concurrence on that level is a bit... contraproductive imo

@streaky81

4 жыл бұрын

It's not concurrence. ITER produces an inviable tree of reactors and it'll take far far too long to even spawn DEMO, that tree even if it was viable and does exactly what it says on the tin first time isn't going to do anything "useful" (i.e. commercially) until well past 2060. TE have concurrence with SPARC, not ITER. Recommended watch - Dennis Whyte's lecture on smaller fusion reactors. No really, watch it because it explains what TE are doing and why perfectly: kzread.info/dash/bejne/fZ-k06NxqaqfhJc.html

@lechapelaing

4 жыл бұрын

Don't quote me on this but I think we `need' iter bc with it we can `burn' some of the current byproduct we created with the current technology, which is really badly radioactive, into something less radioactive. So more you still need both, ITER being one stepstone but just wrt to the fuel used and by-product handling.

@jarimesce

4 жыл бұрын

ITER will be a proof of concept for reactor size tokamaks. ​ @streaky is right, check out Dennis' lecture, it explains things well. TE is different to ITER in that they're focusing on spherical tokamaks. These are smaller, compact devices that offer better plasma stability over large tokamaks like ITER, DIII-D, JT60-SA and the like. This lets them operate more efficiently. Another huge engineering difference is that ITER will use low temperature superconductors LTS for its field coils, while TE is working actively on high temperature superconductors. LTS work great, and are fairly cheap these days, but aren't too resilient to physical or neutron loads. HTS can offer larger field strengths, more resilient coils, and using smaller coils. It's actually the smaller part that's most important. ITER is housed in a building the size of a football stadium, but ST40 fits in a warehouse. Smaller means cheaper, cheaper means faster development for industry.

Even better if this is put into Wendelstein 7-X

@helgefan8994

4 жыл бұрын

A pretty advanced water-cooled divertor is currently being installed inside the Wendelstein 7-x vessel. They want to increase the lifetime of the plasma from about half a minute to half an hour that way.

Size is problem #1 Sustainable continuous fusion isn’t viable unless the chamber is a mile across and cost more the GNP of the United States. But right now it just employs a lot of physicists and burns a lot of money. The smartest move is to pursue LFTR technology. In 500 years perhaps revisit fusion.

@bernadettetreual

4 жыл бұрын

Na, Wendelstein proved that it's possible to build a much cheaper fusion system.

@nagualdesign

4 жыл бұрын

500 years? Haven't you heard; fusion is only 30 years away. ;-)

Fusion will never happen using the classical approach !

@JLocke573

4 жыл бұрын

Yeah we need a more punk-rock approach if this is ever going to work.

@gregorymalchuk272

3 жыл бұрын

And what do you suggest?

Use the heat to make real electricity..

The only people who are able to understand this are the people who don't need this explanation. And people who need the explanation, cannot understand this. I hope you're better at whatever you're doing than making movies about what you're doing.

No tokamak will ever produce more energy than inserted and no tokamak will ever reach production. Better put $ on other usefull things.

@joellewis6086

3 жыл бұрын

Evidence? ( And no, a long history of development and overpromising from the popular press is not evidence. In fact, in itself it tells you nothing about the state of the science.)