How Old Is It - 02 - Big Bang Cosmology Fundamentals (4K)

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Music Free Version - • Classroom Aid - Cosmol...
This is part one of a two part series on the Big Bang theory. Here we cover the foundational concepts used in the standard model we cover in part 2. We start out with the basic Cosmological Principle for an isotropic and homogeneous Universe. We then review Hubble’s Law that came from the discovery that the Universe was expanding. We go into some depth to illustrate what expanding space is and how it impacts the basic idea of ‘distance’. This includes a definition of Cosmic Distance and how it leads to the Visible Horizon. We then develop a concept of how the Universe’s expansion would work using Newton’s gravitational theory including his Shell Theorem. We use this to define a cosmic scale factor and use it to see what happens in a matter dominated Universe. We then expand that to include a radiation dominated Universe. With the Newtonian mechanics view in hand, we update to Friedmann’s equation based on Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity along with the Equation of State. We examine the impact of flat, spherical and hyperbolic space on the cosmic sale factor, and identify the Critical Energy Density needed in order to have flat space. We end with a look at cosmological redshift, and an observation on galaxy counts that lead to the conclusion that we exist in flat space-time.
Music:
@00:00 Puccini, Giacomo: Che gelida manina - what a cold little hand La Boheme Act I: Rodolfo's Aria - "Che gelida manina" (Instrumental Version), Sofia Philharmonic Orchestra; from the album “100 Must-Have Opera Karao-ke” 2015
@04:34 Beethoven, Ludwig van: Piano Concerto No. 2 in B-Flat Major, Op. 19: II. Adagio; Anton Dikov, Sofia Philharmonic Orchestra; from the album “50 Must-Have Adagio Masterpieces” 2013
@09:41 Borodin, Alexander: Polovetsian Dances from Price Igor; London Philharmonic Orchestra; from the album “The Greatest Classical Masterpieces! (Digitally Remastered)” 2008
@13:26 Tchaikovsky, Pyotr Ilyich: Waltz from Sleeping Beauty from the al-bum Tchaikovsky Peter Ilyich 2009
@16:37 Schubert, Franz: Music to Rosamunde, D. 797_ Ballet Music No. 1_ II. Andante un poco assai; Hermitage Museum Orchestra and Alexander Ti-tov; from the album “Schubert - 100 Supreme Classical Masterpieces: Rise of the Masters” 2011
@22:24 Offenbach, Jacques: Barcarolle (from Tales of Hoffman); from the al-bum “A Calendar of Classics - July” 2007
@25:40 Bach, Johann Sebastian: Double Violin Concerto; Anne-Sophie Mut-ter, English Chamber Orchestra, Salvatore Accardo; from the album “Essential Adagios” 2010
@33:00 Rimsky-Korsakov: Scheherazade, II, Lento; Berliner Philharmoniker, from the album “Rimsky-Korsakov Greatest Hits” 2005

Пікірлер: 870

  • @user-bl1pw2th4l
    @user-bl1pw2th4l6 жыл бұрын

    David, your videos are perfect. No ego, no silly animation. Your approach is factual, concise and perfectly explained. There is no room for anyone to deny the information and knowledge that you demonstrate, unlike other videos where information is often too contracted and summarised. You lay out the science and mathematics like no one else. Utterly brilliant work!

  • @_TheMax_

    @_TheMax_

    2 жыл бұрын

    It is not only work but his voice and charisma take 50% of our attention. You can work as much as you can but if you do not have talent, voice and well organized presentation you will be down.

  • @johnrendle1303
    @johnrendle1303 Жыл бұрын

    What a great series- no ego, no fuss, every word considered. What an amazing educator- you let the beauty of the subject shine without casting your shadow across it.

  • @OrionB1498
    @OrionB14986 жыл бұрын

    A nice cup of coffee, and a new David Butler video. Life is sweet.

  • 6 жыл бұрын

    or an orange!

  • @chuckgreygoodman4478
    @chuckgreygoodman44784 жыл бұрын

    I listen to this over and over

  • @jarwingarimbao2379

    @jarwingarimbao2379

    3 жыл бұрын

    Ppoppppp9opopo9ppo9pp99opoo999poo0oppoopooopo999p9pipilitin op9oopppop0pp9opoopoooo9pp9poo9o9oopo9poop9o9opppooopoo0pppop09pp00ooo9opopppp9ppp9oo9poo9pooopoopp9p9oopoooppp0ppoopopooo0o9o09p99pop99oppp0o9ooooo0o9opooop0ooopppoo900opoooopooop0oooppoo9p9poooopoop0oppop9op9opo9ppoo9op09ppoo9Opo 0popular pooppopoooopoopoo9op909oooo90oopo90pppooop9p09ooppp9o99oop9p09oppopoopopoppp09poo0oo9po0op9opp9opoo9oo0p9p9ooppp99opopoppooopopoo90oppp9ooppoopp9op0o0o9po90oo00o9opoo9oopp99009o9o9opp0popoooopoopopoo00o9oooo9p0o9lppoppoppoooopoo0oo9oooopoopppo90ooo9o00o90ppo90ooooo9pp p000ppoo0po0op990999ooooo0ooppop9p0p0oppoooo0p90o9o0o9po9o9po0opo9ppo80o9oo9oo0o9opp0PPP 9o0oooo0ooop9oop9pop op9ppoopoopop pppooop0ppoo0pp9o0p9pooop00p9po9opo99pppooooo00909o9oppoo9o9ooopo9p0oo9p9ooooop9pop0ppo9oopoo9oppoo09p9ooopopop9poppoooo0ppooooooo9opo99pppooo9o99ppop0p9p0o9oopooppoopooopopopopp0popopoppoopooopo9p opop0po0pooo90o9pp09ooooooppp9poop09oooooppoopop0ppooppopopopooop0p0opopop00opp90op0poopoppppo9p9po09o9PPP oo9o0opooop0o9ppopoppo9ooop00pp0o0oo0ooppoopppp9poop9ooppop9o0op9p9opppopoooop00ppoooo0oo00ppp9ppoppoppp999opopooo0open o999p0population popp9o0PPP oppopopopp9pppopoopp9ooopo09popopppooooo9oo9o000o9ooppppp90pop0op opp9pp9pooppopooooo99pppoop9oo0opo9ppp9pp9ppoooopopo9ooo0opp9poo90ooop99p9poop 9poo0pp0p0poppopppoppppo

  • @BridgeStamford

    @BridgeStamford

    3 жыл бұрын

    Yeah something new each time it seems. My favourite you tuber

  • @ernestsmith9474

    @ernestsmith9474

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@jarwingarimbao2379 poopenis man fart

  • @_bambi_420_za_

    @_bambi_420_za_

    2 жыл бұрын

    I have this and a few other downloaded sothat i can listen to this whenever i can, it humbles me

  • @attemm1

    @attemm1

    2 жыл бұрын

    Me too

  • @andrewrivera4029
    @andrewrivera4029 Жыл бұрын

    About every 2 months I rewatch.

  • @philipjohnson8999
    @philipjohnson89994 жыл бұрын

    I’m an astronomy nerd and Your scratching my itch. Thanks

  • @rweissfeld
    @rweissfeld3 жыл бұрын

    This is officially my favorite KZread channel

  • @abdulalrovi683
    @abdulalrovi6836 жыл бұрын

    This is how scientific lecture should be delivered, no stress, no nonsense, enjoyable, and not confusing.

  • @acejack8176
    @acejack81762 жыл бұрын

    This channel is my sleep medicine..

  • @homebrew010homebrew3
    @homebrew010homebrew34 жыл бұрын

    Think of universe expansion like raisin bread dough rising. As the dough rises, the raisins (galaxies) move further from each other. They are not moving through the dough. The entire dough is growing, and the raisins spread out along with it. If 2 raisins are stuck together, like gravitationally bound galaxies, they will remain together during expansion.

  • @gusgrizzel8397

    @gusgrizzel8397

    4 жыл бұрын

    Nice analogy. Like a spot on a balloon that is being blown up. But your analogy is better because it's more dimensional.

  • @MrBendybruce
    @MrBendybruce3 жыл бұрын

    It's just crazy how much information and knowledge is being shared on this KZread channel. I hope that eventually, in the millenia to come, it finds itself on a permanent intergalactic archive of classical 21st century science audio/visual literature.

  • @justmakethiswork
    @justmakethiswork2 жыл бұрын

    Just found this channel. I dont know if David considers himself a teacher, but he does an amazing job breaking things down.

  • @alpheiosa
    @alpheiosa2 жыл бұрын

    This is a scientist in the most strictest sense. Always abiding by the rules. Always honest. In the sense the cleverest can tell you. He stands to be true. You know who values knowledge in truest sense. Respect.

  • @igrieger
    @igrieger4 жыл бұрын

    This an astonishing video, its knowledge density is surpassing any expectations. And yet, Mr. Butler explains it in a serene way, indeed in such a way that the knowledge is just immediately understood and shared. Everyone interested in these topics should watch this some times. This is valuable knowledge for all your life.

  • @charlesgathers9629
    @charlesgathers96294 жыл бұрын

    I think Butler is the top of the game of particle physics descriptors .

  • @JakeBiddlecome

    @JakeBiddlecome

    4 жыл бұрын

    I've only recently come across his videos. He has a great voice, too, which makes it all the more easy listening. I can listen to him for hours on end. And I'm not that smart so I can listen to them over and over and keep learning something new.

  • @theomanification
    @theomanification4 жыл бұрын

    If I could. I'd go back and listen to my teachers. We didn't have Internet either. What a shame.

  • @Piaseczno1
    @Piaseczno15 жыл бұрын

    Thank you, Mr. Butler, for providing knowledge in a highly digestible manner, and with music not too distracting. Great.

  • @kohtalainenalias
    @kohtalainenalias3 жыл бұрын

    oh man i feel overwhelmed by this

  • @AikanaroAnarion
    @AikanaroAnarion3 жыл бұрын

    After a long search of astronomy channels, I think I found the best one. Keep it up!

  • @DarkKitarist
    @DarkKitarist4 жыл бұрын

    Honestly the background music makes these videos so beautiful!)

  • @Backsplash67
    @Backsplash675 жыл бұрын

    Awesome David Butler! I have been watching and reading about Cosmology for years, and this video is the first and only to explain cosmological distances and the expansion of space clearly and cleanly -- in a way that doesn't raise more questions than give answers. BRAVO! MUST SEE SCIENCE VIDEO!

  • @WESSERPARAQUAT
    @WESSERPARAQUAT Жыл бұрын

    its older than me, thank u for that David

  • @PurnamadaPurnamidam
    @PurnamadaPurnamidam7 ай бұрын

    Hello Sir. David hope you are doing fine as well as your dear ones. Would love to have your teach concerning the newly discovered 6 Massive galaxies discovered by JWST this year 2023, which are behind the 13.8 Bly of the Big Bang. Your teach are the most valuable.

  • @JWSitterley
    @JWSitterley5 жыл бұрын

    Thank you David Butler for this series. Very impressive.

  • @jakegrist8487
    @jakegrist84873 жыл бұрын

    I love your work Mr. Butler. Thank you sincerely for all the work you've done to make this premium quality material available to us.

  • @TranNguyenVungLay
    @TranNguyenVungLay6 жыл бұрын

    Thanks Mr. David Butler. Nobody explain the Universe expansion netter than you. You're good tutor.

  • @PhthonosTheon
    @PhthonosTheon6 жыл бұрын

    Really amazing videos!! You are my new Carl Sagan!!

  • @thenatureofnurture6336
    @thenatureofnurture63363 жыл бұрын

    Really lovely videos, Mr. Butler. Good job to all involved. I'm going to look through your catalogue, but I suspect that you do not deal with the underlying rationale for assuming the Doppler effect is the correct explanation for the red shift of distant galaxies elsewhere. Richard Feynman posited "Tired Light" as an explanation and that would seem to bring considerations of an ether back into a conversation that has long ago simply discarded it. I wonder if you might make a video dealing with the paucity of physical experiment and increasing dependence on the mathematical implications of possible but unproven theories. Thank you again for these delightful videos.

  • @fulalbatross
    @fulalbatross5 жыл бұрын

    Superb video. Even for me who know this stuff already, it's very nice to have someone put it in such a simple and efficient language. I'll certainly be using some leads from this when explaining to curious people in the future. Very likely pointing them to this video as well. Very well done. This is my first encounter with your videos, I'm off to watch more of them now!

  • @immediateur
    @immediateur3 жыл бұрын

    this is a masterpiece, thank you so much

  • @jeffwads
    @jeffwads6 жыл бұрын

    Wow. Thanks for making these videos.

  • @TheNightFlower
    @TheNightFlower3 жыл бұрын

    Fantastic video. Thanks for sharing it and explaining how useful redshift was in such detail. Easy to understand and extremely interesting.

  • @yohanfritsche7523
    @yohanfritsche75232 жыл бұрын

    Your videos are amazing. Thank you

  • @timsexton
    @timsexton3 жыл бұрын

    The soothing narration & background music of this playlist and the "How far away is it" playlist lulls me to sleep most nights. I sometimes wake up to the car horn sound as the doppler effect of redshift is being explained. In all seriousness though, the concepts in these videos is explained clearly & effectively. Rarely is that found in paid presentations, much less YT. Thank you for this Mr. Butler. Assembling the content & the imagery for these video books must have been for you, a labor of love.

  • @PAULLONDEN

    @PAULLONDEN

    3 жыл бұрын

    He probably has a lot of help from his students who relieve him from the monotonous labor of putting these professional videos together . If not , he's even more brilliant than I presume he is .

  • @WildlandExplorer

    @WildlandExplorer

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@PAULLONDEN He's a retired software developer with a formal education in quantum physics from what I understand. Guy doesn't even teach classes. He just does these because he likes the subject. All the more impressive to me.

  • @PAULLONDEN

    @PAULLONDEN

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@WildlandExplorer Thanks. Don't know why I presumed Butler is a university teacher ; it seemed so obvious.

  • @johndarcy7477
    @johndarcy74775 жыл бұрын

    I appreciate your output immensely, live long and prosper.

  • @loveoflyricism2769
    @loveoflyricism27693 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much David this video is absolutely mind blowing and incredible ❤️

  • @lexicon77
    @lexicon776 жыл бұрын

    great video and narration.

  • @nagyelwakeel22
    @nagyelwakeel222 ай бұрын

    Thank you so much, this is very informative, amusing, and relaxing at the same time

  • @NotEUSA
    @NotEUSA6 жыл бұрын

    Great job, man. Im really appreciate this.

  • @wilhelmtaylor9863
    @wilhelmtaylor98633 жыл бұрын

    Very informative presentation. Thank you.

  • @vgerlightening3944
    @vgerlightening39443 жыл бұрын

    Your honor, your unbelievably knowledgeable. What kinds of dreams, capture your sublime mind and soul? I wonder.

  • @donaldhawkins5209
    @donaldhawkins52092 жыл бұрын

    Videos you make on cosmology and physics are among the best available thank you for making them

  • @punnasamamao1307
    @punnasamamao13076 жыл бұрын

    You are excellent , David Butler. Thanks.

  • @theoldhip
    @theoldhip6 жыл бұрын

    Excellent just doesn't cover how wonderfully comprehensible your videos are. A true pleasure and learning experience. Thank-you. . . And even that seems to small of an appreciation for your efforts.

  • @frogisis
    @frogisis3 жыл бұрын

    Heyyyyyyyy, it's the universe! I've been there! These video books are so great; combined with the soothing voice they're the perfect thing to listen to when you don't feel well, taking you outside of yourself into sublime cosmic realms that put everything in perspective and let you forget whatever is bothering you.

  • @mattorr2256

    @mattorr2256

    4 ай бұрын

    I like it man!

  • @SNUBAUSA
    @SNUBAUSA3 жыл бұрын

    these are great

  • @tm2523
    @tm25236 жыл бұрын

    unbelievable demonstration with clear explanation and lovely voice, THANK YOU DR DAVID

  • @alexanderjohnson2309
    @alexanderjohnson23093 жыл бұрын

    Have you ever considered voice-overs? I could hear you talking about pretty much anything and enjoy it.

  • @steveg1185
    @steveg11856 жыл бұрын

    Dammit, why didn't I have this guy as a math teacher in grammar and middle schools???

  • @milonguerobill
    @milonguerobill6 жыл бұрын

    Wow, I have so many questions, some of which were answered by the video, some not, I must watch it again, thank you.

  • @KenHeckeroth
    @KenHeckeroth6 жыл бұрын

    Thank you, David.

  • @nizamieminov3648
    @nizamieminov36483 жыл бұрын

    I love the way you narrate.

  • @SimonSozzi7258
    @SimonSozzi72583 жыл бұрын

    I learn more in 10 minutes than in years worth if hearing explanations. I finally get it! 👏🙏🏼👍Thank You

  • @ItsRobert1
    @ItsRobert16 жыл бұрын

    Thank you David Butler you make alot of sence

  • @physicsphilosophy2492
    @physicsphilosophy24923 жыл бұрын

    Well explained. Outstanding 🙏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏

  • @johnshields6852
    @johnshields68525 ай бұрын

    This series is excellent for bringing the universe in perspective for someone like myself, your explanations and graphs bring the cosmos down to earth. Thank you for your intelligent, detailed videos.

  • @polekaktusa7854
    @polekaktusa78543 жыл бұрын

    very good material

  • @thedude7371
    @thedude73716 жыл бұрын

    Excellent choice in music my good Sir

  • @jamesbarratt593
    @jamesbarratt5932 жыл бұрын

    I recon we will find one day the view from the furthest part we can see now, on the other side of that space continues and is simply endless.

  • @Bojanmarsetic
    @Bojanmarsetic4 жыл бұрын

    Finally a documentary that isn't stupid

  • @gusgrizzel8397

    @gusgrizzel8397

    4 жыл бұрын

    stuff on TV is terrible. This stuff is soooo good.

  • @Itsmeshishir
    @Itsmeshishir5 жыл бұрын

    Subbed. This video should be shown in the schools. I've found many answers of questions which had confused me a lot in the past. many thanks to you. can you make a video on photon and its properties??

  • @howfarawayisit

    @howfarawayisit

    5 жыл бұрын

    Shishir, Thanks for you note. Take a look at the "How small is it" video book. You'll find photons there. David

  • @Itsmeshishir

    @Itsmeshishir

    5 жыл бұрын

    Thanks. btw if you can answer, what are you guys working on right now?

  • @howfarawayisit

    @howfarawayisit

    5 жыл бұрын

    @@Itsmeshishir It's just me. I'm working on the 2018 Review. Should be out soon. Then its on to the next chapter of "How old is it".

  • @Itsmeshishir

    @Itsmeshishir

    5 жыл бұрын

    Wow It's impressive that you are doing all of this work alone. thank you for that.

  • @PAULLONDEN
    @PAULLONDEN3 жыл бұрын

    Fascinating ! Even though I understand a tiny part of it ... Amazing how some people , especially those a few hundred years ago (Newton) understand algebra. They sure must've had special brains .

  • @virgilmccabe2828

    @virgilmccabe2828

    3 жыл бұрын

    Algebra is not really hard to understand. What is amazing is the person who first figured it out 🤓

  • @cosmicislamicmiracles7803

    @cosmicislamicmiracles7803

    2 жыл бұрын

    You are honest, the Arab Muslim scholar Jabir Ibn Hayyan was the first to invent algebra, so the science of algebra is called by his name \"Jabra\". He died in the year 779, may Allah have mercy on Jaber Ibn Hayyan. Thanks be to Allah, Allah is the One who gives us knowledge gradually, Jaber is a scholar in the Qur’an. He wants to make the verses of inheritance in the Qur’an easy to calculate for Muslims. This led to the invention of algebra, thanks be to Allâh. Thank you

  • @mattorr2256

    @mattorr2256

    4 ай бұрын

    @@cosmicislamicmiracles7803when will we get all of those virgins??!!!

  • @DanielVerberne
    @DanielVerberne3 жыл бұрын

    Man, if Edwin Hubble wanted to be remembered after his death, he freaking nailed that objective. ‘Hubble Constant’, ‘Hubble Flow’, and of course the telescope bearing his moniker.

  • @frederf3227
    @frederf32272 жыл бұрын

    Delightful

  • @give2love964
    @give2love9643 жыл бұрын

    Thank you David Butler.

  • @punnasamamao1307
    @punnasamamao13075 жыл бұрын

    You are the best, Mr Butler. Thanks!

  • @thedecktothe16thpower56
    @thedecktothe16thpower563 жыл бұрын

    It's weird to think about but if you were looking at another galaxy not only did it take a bunch of light years for the light to reach your eye, the moment you see it, it's no longer there. The farther away a galaxy is from us the more warped in time it'll be by the time the light reaches us.

  • @drdeesnutts48
    @drdeesnutts484 жыл бұрын

    I think I finally get the Cosmic expansion model as a concept and the hypothesized heat death. Basically we're moving from a single mass spreading out it all out until everything is uniform, no matter after the black holes and black dwarfs have evaporated or energy just nothing. Maximum entropy. I knew Black holes evaporated with Hawking radiation so I'd imagine the same is true for Black dwarfs too or a similar process. So I wonder what temperature is the even temperature of the universe. I guess this also operates on the assumption that our universe is a closed system.

  • @cqm8003
    @cqm80032 жыл бұрын

    good thanks

  • @cqm8003

    @cqm8003

    2 жыл бұрын

    For all people : What you do not know about the Qur'an: * What did Allah command us about how to treat a peaceful non-believer: *Allah commands a believer to give money to a poor non-believer (zakat) *the word (بر ) = (You deal kindly = And dutiful to his parents) This sentence is mentioned twice in the Qur'an: 1) Parents 19:14 = 2) The unbeliever (unbeliever) Al-Muslim 60:8 *Quran : 60:8 Allah does not forbid you from those who do not fight you because of religion and do not expel you from your homes - from being righteous toward them and acting justly toward them. Indeed, Allah loves those who act justly." (QS. Al-Mumtahana: Verse 8) * 60:9 Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala said: "Allah only forbids you from those who fight you because of religion and expel you from your homes and aid in your expulsion - [forbids] that you make allies of them. And whoever makes allies of them, then it is those who are the wrongdoers." (QS. Al-Mumtahana: Verse 9) * bad people (changes the truth into falsehood) are liars. Do not believe their words about the Qur’an. Thanks for Allah ,

  • @TheIrieman15
    @TheIrieman156 жыл бұрын

    Mesmerizing

  • @sergiofalcao3691
    @sergiofalcao36914 жыл бұрын

    First of all, thank you so much for the content! Your series are amazing! If you allow me a little suggestion, IMHO the music would be punctual.

  • @howfarawayisit

    @howfarawayisit

    4 жыл бұрын

    What is IMHO?

  • @sergiofalcao3691

    @sergiofalcao3691

    4 жыл бұрын

    Stands for In My Humble Opinion

  • @unclejemima0

    @unclejemima0

    4 жыл бұрын

    music is great

  • @tzsdccstarsandgalaxiesast1546

    @tzsdccstarsandgalaxiesast1546

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@howfarawayisit Interferometers Make Heroic Observations.

  • @procellxtwinkletoes
    @procellxtwinkletoes4 жыл бұрын

    “a little algebra” yea ok then! lol 🤣...

  • @StrangerThenRedz
    @StrangerThenRedz6 жыл бұрын

    i would think the next series you could do is how hot is it mainly featuring stars

  • @markl2304
    @markl23046 жыл бұрын

    Mr. Butler, first I want to thank you for the wonderful book video. I watched other cosmology video and happen to ran into yours and was hooked. I have a question that I was not able to resovled myself and hope you can help me out. In the video, "How Old Is It - 02" @4:43, you explain that the two galaxies is getting further apart due to expanding space between the two galaxies as accepted base on current theory. Therefore at some time in the past, these two galaxies is closer together as you stated. If that is the case, would the two galaxies be close enough at some point in the past for gravity to hold the two galaxies together and even collided with each other (similar to the Andromeda and the Milky Way right now)? If true, then why are the two galaxies is so far apart today? If not true, then in 13.7billion years in the future, the Andromeda and Milky Way should be further away rather then colliding with each other. I have this question for awhile after watching and reading about expanding universe but not able to find an answer. But I saw that you reply to comments, therefore I want to hear your thoughts. Many Thanks. Mark

  • @howfarawayisit

    @howfarawayisit

    6 жыл бұрын

    Mark, When you take a look at the first period of expansion (called inflation), you'll see that it was extremely faster than it is today. At that time, everything was in the form of elementary particles in almost homogeneous distribution throughout space. There were no galaxies. The caustic process brought about the clumping we see today as galaxies. Have you seen part 03 yet?

  • @punnasamamao1307
    @punnasamamao13074 жыл бұрын

    Master of the Cosmos, Mr Butler !

  • @iampuzzleman282
    @iampuzzleman2827 ай бұрын

    I'm not sure I'm intelligent enough to watch these videos. Must be nice to be smart and understand these videos. I like the pretty pictures and the music but I'm too dumb to understand any of it.

  • @ma2i485

    @ma2i485

    6 ай бұрын

    I'm also here for the aesthetics and music as for the science and mathematics behind all this I'm too dumb to follow. 😂😅

  • @SweepAndZone

    @SweepAndZone

    3 ай бұрын

    You are God's child. Just be consistent and you will catch on

  • @rikvandenkerckhove9667
    @rikvandenkerckhove96676 жыл бұрын

    (20:31) Friedmann derived his equations from the field equations of Einstein's general relativity (24:15). It is possible to do that from Newton's laws too. That is a marvelous but simplified way to teach students these principles of cosmology without any difficult mathematical tools. Once again, a magnificent lecture om physics, mr. Butler. Thank you for all these wonderful episodes!

  • @janspup6232
    @janspup62322 жыл бұрын

    I wonder what it would be like on a galaxy 14 billion light years away, if there were lif, how different would it be, or would it be just as different on praxima centauri? I think there is life out there, but the distances are so great we will probably never get to meet them.

  • @barrerasciencelabuniverse6606
    @barrerasciencelabuniverse66063 жыл бұрын

    This is correct and the actual equation is v=sqrt(8)sqrt(c^2-MG/r) , Barrera/Thelin IOSR 2014,2015 the galaxy equation. it can be derived from the Schwartzchild's solution. and Friedmanns eq.

  • @Zahnom
    @Zahnom3 жыл бұрын

    I really don't understand why David Butler's videos always have that many comments from religious or somewhat weird people. Yeah the choice of background music might be a bit unusual, but other than that these are great videos with a lot of scientific background.

  • @gusgrizzel8397

    @gusgrizzel8397

    3 жыл бұрын

    The music is fine. I'd like to see some of you make videos like this.

  • @buckanderson3520
    @buckanderson35203 жыл бұрын

    I wonder if dark matter is a result of constructive interference from dark energy. I think that dark energy and expansion comes from black holes. We see galaxies expanding apart from one another and so theorize dark energy but we also have learned that galaxies have super massive black holes at their center. So what if they are responsible for expansion because they are what galaxies have in common. The effect would be the same.

  • @SnowTiger45
    @SnowTiger455 жыл бұрын

    I like this stuff, but this video was WAY over my head !

  • @jomon723

    @jomon723

    5 жыл бұрын

    Ditto......Kind of mind bending" Makes our lifespan seam very insignificant

  • @fari66tube1
    @fari66tube14 жыл бұрын

    R= Distance , but we should not forget that the distance means looking back in time as well. In that case the closer to us the lower redshift => The universe expansion is decreasing... Or :O ?

  • @DanielVerberne
    @DanielVerberne3 жыл бұрын

    I can only ‘look on’ in awe at the scientific discoveries and leaps of imagination of our forebears.

  • @Kafson
    @Kafson6 жыл бұрын

    This video is not listed so other people might have problems finding it

  • @howfarawayisit

    @howfarawayisit

    6 жыл бұрын

    Thanks. I jut made it public.

  • @exitolaboral
    @exitolaboral4 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for these videos they are great. Complex concepts are quickly explained! Cheers! However, I wonder how a theory like GR is applied to objects that might not be causally connected because of the expanding universe? GR seems to work well explaining objects at distances of a star planetary systems. But when you try to apply it to galaxies you need "dark matter" to explain star velocities. And if you try greater distances you need something called 'dark energy". So my question number one is whether it is logical to apply GR "to the whole universe" when we ignore it's real size and whether it is infinite or finite, that is causally connected? Because if "average mass/energy densities" are used, whether the universe is causally connected seems to never be discussed! How can part of the universe that are so far away influence each other gravitationally when it seems that gravitational waves travel at a speed close to the speed of light? Another question I would like to ask you is: why use a Newtonian "universal time" approach for the whole universe? Isn't time relative and Einstein said that time is relative, not absolute as Newton thought? Why speak that "the universe is 14.000.000.000 years old"? Perhaps for other observers the "age of the universe" is different, perhaps half 7000.000.000 or perhaps 28.000.000.000 years old?

  • @howfarawayisit

    @howfarawayisit

    4 жыл бұрын

    Check out the next chapter.

  • @minakumari9154
    @minakumari91543 жыл бұрын

    Dear David Butler first of all thank you very much for your good explanation, However, I have got a question could you please explain how you calculated Rh = 14*10^9 ly as I am not getting the same result even I have check on google. my result is 1.3952709*10^10 ly. Please explain in details and it will be appreciated. Thanks a lot.

  • @howfarawayisit

    @howfarawayisit

    3 жыл бұрын

    14*10^9 = 1.4*10^10. It is a rounding up of 1.3952709*10^10. I hope this helps. BTW I love it when viewers check the math. Thanks.

  • @sirianthunder279
    @sirianthunder2795 жыл бұрын

    At 29:09, you measure redshift. How did you determine / measure lambda-e exactly? The only observation that can be made from the experiment would be lambda-o.

  • @howfarawayisit

    @howfarawayisit

    5 жыл бұрын

    We measure the shift in known hydrogen absorption lines. This is discussed in both How Far Away Is It and How Small Is It.

  • @StephenDTrain
    @StephenDTrain3 жыл бұрын

    great presentation. dark matter should prompt profound skepticism about gravity and big bang cosmology.

  • @lylesfredidog1507
    @lylesfredidog15074 жыл бұрын

    There was no big bang of creation. The second quantum correction in the Friedmann equation gets rid of the big-bang singularity. In otherwords, what's here has always been here.

  • @nateellenberger6043

    @nateellenberger6043

    4 жыл бұрын

    I have heard that theory before and I like it. From what I understand how the universe begin, I don't really believe there was a "big bang creation" of space (it's just always been here). Of course, I'm not even close to being a physicists, but like I said...it's what I understand at this point in time about the creation of space/the universe.

  • @JakeBiddlecome

    @JakeBiddlecome

    4 жыл бұрын

    I think we'll be eternally flummoxed by the first mover problem. I wonder if the very construct of our brain's evolution hinders us in understanding what could be before, before, etc. Then again, mathematics, so who knows what can be known. Do you have tip for who explains this second quantum correction well?

  • @zdcyclops1lickley190

    @zdcyclops1lickley190

    3 жыл бұрын

    Explain CMBR

  • @gusgrizzel8397

    @gusgrizzel8397

    3 жыл бұрын

    Agree. The steady state theory. The universe is infinite and eternal. It was not created. It is all that is, and it will go on forever.

  • @JE-mj8yz
    @JE-mj8yz2 жыл бұрын

    Most of what this dude says is over my head. The rest is way way over my head!

  • @daffidavit
    @daffidavit6 жыл бұрын

    A thought experiment: If you took a balloon the size of a beachball and immediately placed it into a large vacuum chamber before the balloon burst would the air inside expand at a constant rate or would it expand at an accelerating rate?

  • @miguelcrisetti1887
    @miguelcrisetti18873 жыл бұрын

    This guy made me go to the liquor store 6. triolion light years away

  • @rustybolts8953

    @rustybolts8953

    3 жыл бұрын

    I much prefer that joint at the other side of the universe that sells Pangalactic GoGo Blasters. But its probably in lockdown now.

  • @Ian_sothejokeworks
    @Ian_sothejokeworks3 жыл бұрын

    Ok, math is fun, but we really have to hollow out the Earth, to make sure about that "0 Newtons of force in a shell" thing. Plus, it looks fun. Like a cosmic bouncehouse.

  • @chasingamurderer

    @chasingamurderer

    3 жыл бұрын

    :o

  • @fastfingers110
    @fastfingers1104 жыл бұрын

    I'm just here for the Beethovan and hear space stuff in the back ground😎

  • @Paul-fb1em

    @Paul-fb1em

    2 жыл бұрын

    Isn't it awesome?

  • @Ian_sothejokeworks
    @Ian_sothejokeworks3 жыл бұрын

    Is space expanding evenly? I mean, like how every yard is expanding; are all of the yards growing by the same amount? And in all directions?

  • @richardsmith6488
    @richardsmith64885 жыл бұрын

    Please clarify this. The Hubble Constant can provide a rough estimate of the age of the Earth, assuming constant velocity. That estimate would 14by. But if the HC is assumed to be constant, then the same rough age estimate would be calculated, no matter what age. So the HC is not constant. If the expansion is the same velocity for time past and time future, then the HC must change over time, even as the actual velocity might be assumed to be constant. Does the slope for the Hubble Constant change over time?

  • @richardsmith6488

    @richardsmith6488

    5 жыл бұрын

    So H(t) varies directly with ρ and inversely with R (radius, which means volume)

  • @howfarawayisit

    @howfarawayisit

    5 жыл бұрын

    The Hubble Constant is indeed variable. You'll find as you proceed through the videos that it is more proper to view it as the Hubble Parameter.

  • @bryanfrench711
    @bryanfrench7113 жыл бұрын

    All forms of light or just visible? X & Gamma rays travel ahead of visible correct?

  • @howfarawayisit

    @howfarawayisit

    3 жыл бұрын

    All light travels at the same speed.

  • @Mr257weatherby
    @Mr257weatherby2 жыл бұрын

    Since we look at these galaxy's as though they are moving away couldn't we define a center and use this data for everything else to confirm that center? If there was a big bang. What if we are moving back to the center and the galaxy's we think are moving away are just coming slower due to less "gravity". This would appear as though they are moving away right? I'm really ignorant to this subject but it was a thought. Are we "Milky Way" moving closer to anything else? I'm really intrigued by astronomy but my knowledge is extremely limited.

  • @nmarbletoe8210

    @nmarbletoe8210

    2 жыл бұрын

    observers in other galaxies could do the same observation and always conclude that they were at the center also... so maybe every place is "a" center

  • @DarkKitarist
    @DarkKitarist4 жыл бұрын

    After watching this video I'm somehow 100% that faster than light travel is possible... I don't know how, but if it possible for space to expand, it should be possible to contract it in front of a space ship. Thus not actually moving at the speed of light from the point of the space ship, thus from the point of the ship it would be moving at sub light speed towards an object... Since space expands without expanding the matter within it, contracting should also be possible somehow, but that would be a problem since there's probably a lot of stuff between a ship and a star... someone really smart figure this out in my lifetime so I can see the stars :)

  • @DarkKitarist

    @DarkKitarist

    4 жыл бұрын

    Maybe we can use some kind of detector to detect all objects that could damage the ship, and create a route through the obstacles other ships can use to traverse it completely automatically and faster... Even managing to contract space with fusion energy powered space contractor (that would make us a type 1 on the Kardashev scale right?). Somehow dark matter calculates into making this possible. Like dark matter is what expands the universe, think about it... There's dark matter all around the universe, and galaxies have a lot more of it than empty space, maybe the expansions of the actual galaxies is still being contradicted by the gravitational force... So if we figure out how to reverse or temporary remove the dark matter with dark energy somehow we could contract space to the point of just after the big bang, so literally nothing... Omg maybe dark energy is what expanding space is, space but shifted somehow, since nothing cannot be created without some kind of energy (dark energy maybe?), so dark matter is the matter that's shifted when expansion is happening...

  • @DarkKitarist

    @DarkKitarist

    4 жыл бұрын

    Fusion is key I think, and somehow creating a new way to transfer energy from a source to kinetic or electrical power, because water turbines are not good i think! Also detecting dark matter. It should be everywhere in extremely tiny quantities, but since space is expanding everywhere it should be happening everywhere. Maybe a space borne detector outside the earths matter rich surrounding. Oh and let's not forget gravity... Really understanding how gravity propagates is key in space contraction.

  • @teddyruxpin3811

    @teddyruxpin3811

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@DarkKitarist dark matter is not what expands the universe. you're thinking of dark energy. and IIRC, warp drive would require an infinite amount of energy.

  • @lucasthompson1650

    @lucasthompson1650

    4 жыл бұрын

    @DarkKitarist the key is "faking gravity" for your style of super luminal travel, often referred to as "space folding" in science fiction. You somehow cause spacetime to contract in front of you and in the direction of your destination, move forward a bit at a perfectly reasonable non-relativistic velocity, and restore spacetime behind you. Unfortunately we haven't even been able to verifiably produce quantum scale black holes at the Large Hadron Collider yet (nobody panic, they'll only exist for a mere femtoseconds if we ever manage to do it) so it could be quite a while before we could, say, collapse the distance from here to Alpha Centauri (around 4.3 light years from here). If you're interested in real research being done on this subject, hit up your favourite search engine up for "halo drive", "quasar drive", or "Alcubierre drive" for theoretical propulsion systems from Dr. David Kipping, Isaac Arthur, and Dr. Miguel Alcubierre respectively.