How Fast Is It - 04 - General Relativity 1 - Geometry (4K)

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In this segment of the “How Fast Is It” video book, we cover the geometry of general relativity. We start with the Elevator Thought Experiment, and show how it represents a gravitational field and how it predicts the bending of light. This sets the stage for the Equivalence Principle. This leads to the reconciliation of Newton’s two definitions for mass. Which, in turn, leads to the idea that the existence of a mass bends space. To understand the bending of space, we cover the basics of Euclidian and non-Euclidian Riemann geometry. We include spherical and hyperbolic geometries along with the nature of their respective geodesics. We actually measure geodesic deviation above the Earth. For a fuller understanding, we cover the definition of metrics and curvature in terms of tensors. With the general Riemannian Curvature Tensor in hand, we find the subsets that reflect the behavior of space within a volume. We then cover how Einstein mapped this geometry to space-time to produce the Einstein Curvature Tensor. And finally, we describe the Energy-Momentum tensor that identifies the nature of a volume of matter-energy, which is the source of the space-time curvature. Setting these equal to each other with an appropriate conversion factor gives us Einstein’s general relativity field equations.

Пікірлер: 159

  • @SaneGuyFr
    @SaneGuyFr Жыл бұрын

    my satisfaction is immeasurable and my day is saved.

  • @stacyhuen713

    @stacyhuen713

    Жыл бұрын

    I understood this reference

  • @SaneGuyFr

    @SaneGuyFr

    Жыл бұрын

    @@stacyhuen713 It's quite obvious

  • @Canard712
    @Canard712 Жыл бұрын

    Einstein's thought experiment brought to images. Well done!

  • @NickRadford
    @NickRadford Жыл бұрын

    Well today just got better

  • @fredjohnson2360
    @fredjohnson2360 Жыл бұрын

    You Sir truly have the very BEST space videos that explain complex actions that can be understood so that many of us that maybe cannot wiz through the mathematical equations can still grasp and follow and that is why your teachings are some of the best that can be found and are also visually appealing to watch, thank you for all your hard work and dedication to giving the rest of us some knowledge that is trusted and real. 🏆

  • @josephpacchetti5997

    @josephpacchetti5997

    Жыл бұрын

    Agree 100%

  • @bimblinghill
    @bimblinghill Жыл бұрын

    One of your most ambitious videos yet in terms of concepts communicated - and flawlessly done

  • @S_M_360
    @S_M_360 Жыл бұрын

    Easily one my fav YT channels!

  • @fakhri265
    @fakhri265 Жыл бұрын

    This is pure gold.

  • @thelostone6981
    @thelostone6981 Жыл бұрын

    My bachelors degree was in finance and the highest level of math I needed was a calculus class and a couple of semesters of statistics…so it’s safe to say I get lost when these equations come up! Regardless, I truly appreciate the time, effort, and even those pesky equations, that you put into these videos! These feel like a sanctuary from 99.99% of everything on KZread and it is always a good day when you upload something.

  • @jesusislord461

    @jesusislord461

    Жыл бұрын

    I learned more math than the you by the time I was 12

  • @Joiner113

    @Joiner113

    Жыл бұрын

    @@jesusislord461 Shame it didn't prevent you from becoming a nutjob.

  • @thelostone6981

    @thelostone6981

    Жыл бұрын

    @@jesusislord461 Good for you my friend.

  • @BruceWayne-mb4hk

    @BruceWayne-mb4hk

    Жыл бұрын

    @@jesusislord461 A person who understands calculus at 12 isn’t the type of person simple enough to gloat about it the KZread comment section.

  • @kiabtoomlauj6249

    @kiabtoomlauj6249

    Жыл бұрын

    @@BruceWayne-mb4hk I giggled at that nonsense, too. He speaks like our "genius" president Trump does: he's always trying so very hard to tell others his brain's really top notch, at the same level, at least, as Terence Tao, Ed Witten, Gauss, or Newton... when, in reality, he is mostly babbling in utter gibberish...

  • @timdixon3410
    @timdixon3410 Жыл бұрын

    Love these videos, David you are a legend, keep up the great work

  • @dazzassti
    @dazzassti Жыл бұрын

    I've been into space and physics for years although never studied math, now I'm far for stupid, have a job in IT done really well etc... But when I think of David's career to then retire and be able to put this together with such lucidity, I feel fell completely at a loss to even comprehend the level David is at. Wow. blows my mind that some people are on another level altogether. Amazing content....

  • @DestroyerWill
    @DestroyerWill Жыл бұрын

    David’s videos are such a delight. The classical music and dulcet voice make listening easy. Why do other channels persist in overbearing dramatic music.

  • @Mrmoney134
    @Mrmoney134 Жыл бұрын

    It is funny all the content in the world all the TV shows and radio you name it.... And when I see a New David Butler video it puts a smile on my face and I just love it!!!!! I get excited to watch just amazing thank you

  • @jjramos46
    @jjramos46 Жыл бұрын

    If I could get through three minutes without his voice putting me to sleep I could learn a lot! 😁

  • @professorlegacy
    @professorlegacy Жыл бұрын

    Mr. Butler has significantly impacted my life in the most positive of ways

  • @catcrue9656
    @catcrue9656 Жыл бұрын

    Yessssssssssss! Going to be learning/sleeping hard tonight 🤣💤💤💤

  • @adnanbashirmuhammadbashirk1581
    @adnanbashirmuhammadbashirk1581 Жыл бұрын

    Great video ☺️ excellent work

  • @ironheart6704
    @ironheart6704 Жыл бұрын

    Thank you for the 4k beautiful video, Professor!

  • @jimc.goodfellas226
    @jimc.goodfellas226 Жыл бұрын

    There are two types of people in this world....those that know about David Butler videos, and those that don't

  • @Mrmoney134

    @Mrmoney134

    Жыл бұрын

    Spot on !!!!

  • @Dre_Key

    @Dre_Key

    Жыл бұрын

    😂 I love that

  • @steelblue4903
    @steelblue49038 ай бұрын

    Projecting your videos onto my bedroom ceiling is helping me recover from my brain brammage (damage) as well as my insomnia Ty!

  • @keprince6590
    @keprince6590 Жыл бұрын

    Visual error at 6:37 The Mass of Earth was used twice, making the Radius of Earth in Kilograms. Love your videos. Thanks for the content.

  • @JordanMSeverns
    @JordanMSeverns Жыл бұрын

    I've been watching cosmology and physics KZread every day for well over a decade. This channel is the best I've come across. The hard-to-find data/images and nuanced insight is missed in other KZread channels which typically read off Wikipedia or other surface level sources. This channel also doesn't assume the listener is stupid, which goes a long way. Thanks for the content

  • @sjzara
    @sjzara Жыл бұрын

    It’s a total delight to see more videos here.

  • @ralphwalters906
    @ralphwalters906 Жыл бұрын

    Bravo Professor. The waning musical score at the end of this video, is Beautiful.

  • @lalski08
    @lalski08 Жыл бұрын

    Last equation was a beauty

  • @61albee
    @61albee Жыл бұрын

    I've been waiting for this since the end of the "How far" series.

  • @bassplayersayer
    @bassplayersayer Жыл бұрын

    Another jem !!!! Thank you David.

  • @waynemongo
    @waynemongo Жыл бұрын

    Fascinating 🖖

  • @ArtDocHound
    @ArtDocHound Жыл бұрын

    Thanks, professor. 🍎

  • @christinebethencourt6197
    @christinebethencourt6197 Жыл бұрын

    Classic music and Space 👌 the best mixture ever ! Plus your TOP EXPLANATIONS 🙏👏👏

  • @flwrangler
    @flwrangler Жыл бұрын

    Evidence of love for one's gift to mankind. We each have a gift to give. Some use their gift to heal, others to tell of the wonders in space. We each have a purpose, a place, like leaves on a great tree. David, Thank you for sharing your gift. Awesome video!

  • @josephpacchetti5997
    @josephpacchetti5997 Жыл бұрын

    Excellent Video, Thank You Sir.

  • @Ukraine-is-Corrupt
    @Ukraine-is-Corrupt Жыл бұрын

    Historians are now questioning whether Einstein conceived 'The Equivalence Principle', or stole it from Edgar Buckingham (or even earlier from Vaschy in 1892). Buckingham-Pi-Theory (BPT) was published one year prior to the Theory of General Relativity, & is a formal tool very widely utilised nowadays, much more so than General Relativity. I found a very good example of BPT; try searching KZread for '001 Relating ElectroMagnetism to Gravity'. The conclusion at the end of the video is astonishing

  • @frankelkjr8041
    @frankelkjr8041 Жыл бұрын

    Absolutely undisturbed & focus when I watch his videos.

  • @ArtDocHound
    @ArtDocHound Жыл бұрын

    Guys, this channel is best experienced using headphones.

  • @TokyoSoloRider
    @TokyoSoloRider Жыл бұрын

    Lovely lecture as always. Universe bless you ❤

  • @Phyjix
    @Phyjix Жыл бұрын

    Nicely done, just Awesome.

  • @novadvrk2638
    @novadvrk2638 Жыл бұрын

    What an awesome simple and straightforward way to go through this all. I’ve sat through all the physics classes and this is liquid gold to actually understanding the point --> and then sitting through classes with professors who cannot get to the point. Go David butler, dang.

  • @memng4
    @memng4 Жыл бұрын

    So concise and easy to follow, I just wish I was smart enough to grasp it all!

  • @Dre_Key
    @Dre_Key Жыл бұрын

    Greetings Mr Butler! I’ll never stop being amazed by these lessons

  • @iwill6002
    @iwill6002 Жыл бұрын

    Thank you again!

  • @43nostromo
    @43nostromoАй бұрын

    23:44. Music by John Williams, The London Symphony Orchestra.

  • @ArriEllieJelly
    @ArriEllieJelly Жыл бұрын

    Incredible video, as always

  • @cesarjom
    @cesarjom Жыл бұрын

    This is a fantastic explanation of the motivation and basic components of GR field equations -- one of the best I've ever seen anywhere!

  • @jestermoon
    @jestermoon Жыл бұрын

    Take A Moment Sir, thank you for your work 🙏 The world needs you You had me hooked at your pond. Stay Safe and Stay Free The universe needs you.

  • @mikebartling7920
    @mikebartling7920 Жыл бұрын

    Wonderful taught; tensor math and applications are well defined in a clarity I have not seen in math classes. Thank you for the video.

  • @tremoxo
    @tremoxo Жыл бұрын

    6:37 "These are 2 very different definitions from ass"

  • @Hemant81Kumar
    @Hemant81Kumar Жыл бұрын

    Nicely explained 😊🙏

  • @GeorgiZhukov33
    @GeorgiZhukov33 Жыл бұрын

    Every time I click on one of these videos I go in with high hopes. I’m a fairly intelligent person and it feels good to have the intellectual curiosity to view something like this and try to expand my knowledge of the universe. However, around five minutes in I was way over my head and couldn’t truly follow 95% of the rest of the video. Then I thought about how David is doing his best to break this stuff down to its most basic level for ease of understanding and I felt even dumber. A very humbling experience. 😂 Regardless, I love watching and listening to these videos.

  • @GimbertLane
    @GimbertLane Жыл бұрын

    Wow! Really amazing. Thank you for this effort. The thing I like the most is how you include both the intuitive geometric view and the math. So often, it seems like you get one or the other.

  • @shawns0762
    @shawns0762 Жыл бұрын

    Well made. For some reason people don't know that Einstein said that singularities are not possible. In the 1939 journal "Annals of Mathematics" he wrote "the essential result of this investigation is a clear understanding as to why the Schwarzchild singularities (Schwarzchild was the first to raise the issue of General relativity predicting singularities) do not exist in physical reality. Although the theory given here treats only clusters whose particles move along circular paths it does seem to be subject to reasonable doubt that more general cases will have analogous results. The Schwarzchild singularities do not appear for the reason that matter cannot be concentrated arbitrarily. And this is due to the fact that otherwise the constituting particles would reach the velocity of light." He was referring to the phenomenon of dilation (sometimes called gamma or y) mass that is dilated is smeared through spacetime relative to an outside observer. This is illustrated in a common relativity graph with velocity (from stationary to the speed of light) on the horizontal line and dilation on the vertical. Wherever you have an astronomical quantity of mass, dilation will occur because high mass means high momentum. There is no place in the universe where mass is more concentrated than at the center of a galaxy. General relativity does not predict singularities when you factor in dilation. Einstein is known to have repeatedly spoken about this. Nobody believed in black holes when he was alive for this reason. According to Einstein's math, the mass at the center of our own galaxy must be dilated. In other words that mass is all around us. This is the explanation for the abnormally high rotation rates of stars in spiral galaxies, the missing mass is dilated mass. According to Einstein's math, galaxies with very, very low mass would show no signs of dark matter because they do not have enough mass at the center to achieve relativistic velocities therefore they are not infused with dilated mass. This has been confirmed with galaxy NGC 1052-DF2. Relativity explains the greatest mystery in science.

  • @schmud68
    @schmud68 Жыл бұрын

    great video

  • @preparedsurvivalist2245
    @preparedsurvivalist2245 Жыл бұрын

    This is all leading up to the Schwarzchild Radius calculation, which predicts when density results in an event horizon/black hole. Its fascinating yet almost intuitive how the math of such things results. Once you know the speed of light and understand it as an absolute immutable factor in any equation, then it makes sense that eventually certain mass, density, and speed variables will produce a whole or null value. This means either time itself has stopped, or light can not travel. Simply taking any numbers and factoring them against the square of lightspeed will show an obvious and predictable trend towards a figure of infinity, which is where the functionality of space and time seems to break down within the singularity of a black hole.

  • @nzs316
    @nzs316 Жыл бұрын

    Beautifully explained.

  • @schokofruchttorte
    @schokofruchttorte Жыл бұрын

    The Best.

  • @joy2000cyber
    @joy2000cyber Жыл бұрын

    This is the first time I clearly understand why inertia mass is same as gravitational mass, because acceleration and gravity are both space time distortion. This video is a gem💍

  • @doctorsloth213
    @doctorsloth213 Жыл бұрын

    brilliant

  • @xdt4226
    @xdt4226 Жыл бұрын

    Damn! That was good

  • @kennethkunz2449
    @kennethkunz2449 Жыл бұрын

    This information is delicious and priceless - thank you again!

  • @manipulativer

    @manipulativer

    Жыл бұрын

    Nikola Tesla already explained that relativity is useless and space time is not possible. Only an existance of ether could explain the motion of planets.

  • @1boobtube

    @1boobtube

    Жыл бұрын

    @@manipulativer lol. Fortunately relativity is useful to everyone else.

  • @aaronhrk

    @aaronhrk

    Жыл бұрын

    @@manipulativer Missed your clozapine dose?

  • @manipulativer

    @manipulativer

    Жыл бұрын

    @@aaronhrk only stupid people take pharma pills

  • @manipulativer

    @manipulativer

    Жыл бұрын

    @@1boobtube Doubt since Ron Hatch himself explained that GPS disproves general and special relativity.

  • @mistag3860
    @mistag3860 Жыл бұрын

    I almost understood much better than before.

  • @kresimirbradvica51
    @kresimirbradvica51 Жыл бұрын

    A BH behaves counterintuitively while tidal force from an orbiting object is applied. Instead of shrinking the BH event horizon streches so it is impossible for it to be explained by general relativity. But if we think about space as expanding fluid which has sources which are randomly activated in every point of the universe so for the expansion to be relatively slow and we call it dark energy then gravity could be the drain or sink, also frame dragging can be thought of as a whirlpool of that unknown fluid. Now like the water inside a pipe reacts to the increased apperture of the pipe by speeding up and if we make the pipe similar to the space around the BH so to be less area crossection as it is closer to its end or apperture we get that this water has its maximal speed near the apperture of the pipe. We can call this speed c and its position inside the pipe 'event horizon'. Now if a body is close to the BH and the tidal force is present it is an increase of gravity or the fluid sink so it can be compared to the situation where we increase the apperture of the water pipe and the consequence is that the water in all points in the pipe increases its velocity. So if the water speed in the point where the water speed was c also increases we get that the point which has the acctual speed c moves away from the apperture and we can now say the event horizon moved away from the BH and we see that phenomena as event horizon increased which definitely happens in reality....

  • @ruskolnikov7211
    @ruskolnikov72116 ай бұрын

    I fell asleep, watching this, and had a dream about a stick figure taking a huge piss. I just realized his piss was going the speed of light

  • @TunnelSnake-es7tu
    @TunnelSnake-es7tu Жыл бұрын

    Does graphic enhancements like anti aliasing, dlls super sampling, cascade fx work to enhance an wave uncertainty principle ?

  • @jeffroberts6865
    @jeffroberts6865 Жыл бұрын

    Your videos just appeared in my YT home page, which was one of its good recommendations. I have a specific question that has been bugging me and I can’t work out the answer. Is the increased separation of the 3 vertically arranged test particles (at 17:13) caused by spacetime curvature or could it be a result of gravitational time dilation? I am thinking if it were GTD then the time dilation would seem to effect the velocities of the 3 particles differently from the ‘outside’ observer’s point of view, resulting in the separation.

  • @howfarawayisit

    @howfarawayisit

    Жыл бұрын

    The separation is due to the space-time curvature.

  • @HebaruSan
    @HebaruSan Жыл бұрын

    Unusually, I can pinpoint the exact moment this lost me: 18:38, "We can also construct a surface for each dimension" I have no idea what that means in this context. What is a surface? Does "for each dimension" mean we can construct three of them for a point in our universe? It seems like this always happens when I try to understand tensors.

  • @scottygdaman
    @scottygdaman Жыл бұрын

    How can the view from outside be viewed if not also under exact equal acceleration? Then all perspectives are the ssme Is this being assumed ?

  • @kresimirbradvica51
    @kresimirbradvica51 Жыл бұрын

    2:48 Question...Is the person inside the elevator seeing the light beam traveling at speed greater then c as he sees a combination of longitudal constant velocity c and an added virtual transversal acceleration?

  • @howfarawayisit

    @howfarawayisit

    Жыл бұрын

    No. In his view, if it traveled further, then it took longer.

  • @a552bcx
    @a552bcx Жыл бұрын

    yes, you can tell the difference between a person accelerating in the elevator and a person in a gravitional field. it's called the tidal force.

  • @photoyurp23
    @photoyurp236 ай бұрын

    Thank you for EDUCATING me, while helping me sleep❤🫡

  • @m.c.4674
    @m.c.4674 Жыл бұрын

    Energy density , our energy really depends on what reference frame we choose , we can say the earth as a whole , since we are moving with the earth , but if another reference frame like the mars, sun ,center of the milky way , or Laniakea Supercluster is used , earth would have more energy thus more gravity . If a satellite is moving relative to the earth wouldn't the earth have a large sum of has with more energy , even worse if the satellite move relative to the sun an even larger sum of mass with more energy . The increase in gravity would probably be millions of times smaller than 9.8 m/s^2 if the satellite(using the fastest satellites speeds) move relative to earth , but if the satellite moves relative to the sun the increase in gravity would probably be hundreds to a thousand times smaller than 9.8 m/s^2 , which I would be surprised if this is not in the range of the gravity that can be measure accurately .

  • @marselona5138
    @marselona5138 Жыл бұрын

    Kindly make this available for download.thanks in advance

  • @howfarawayisit

    @howfarawayisit

    Жыл бұрын

    I should be downloadable.

  • @kirbymarchbarcena
    @kirbymarchbarcena Жыл бұрын

    So in space, there will be confusion as to where is up, down, left, and right?

  • @danield1705
    @danield1705 Жыл бұрын

    There's something I don't get: why (at 1:50 in the video) does the elevator need to accelerate for the beam of horizontal light to go down ? Wouldn't a constant speed also result in the beam hitting the wall lower than its start ?

  • @howfarawayisit

    @howfarawayisit

    Жыл бұрын

    Constant speed is the same as at rest in your own reference frame. The light would not bend.

  • @haroldwiser2641
    @haroldwiser2641 Жыл бұрын

    Possible the worlds longest run-on sentence!

  • @hbdj
    @hbdj Жыл бұрын

    Is there added acceleration for the side of the Earth moving in the direction around the Sun? If gravity didn't exist on the Earth would it be acceleration on one side, would the other side be in a deceleration and people would fall off the planet?

  • @souravmondalsabuj
    @souravmondalsabuj Жыл бұрын

    Happy to be the first viewer of this video

  • @Tom_Quixote

    @Tom_Quixote

    Жыл бұрын

    Only in your frame of reference.

  • @mortalclown3812

    @mortalclown3812

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Tom_Quixote Beauty. (I've never understood anyone's elation at their position in a KZread queue.)

  • @oldschoolman1444
    @oldschoolman144411 ай бұрын

    Isn't that how it usually works, just when you think you have it all figured out.

  • @moniquecarter5754
    @moniquecarter5754 Жыл бұрын

    Trippy

  • @lambda4931
    @lambda4931 Жыл бұрын

    Thank you. Is the gravity on earth the same as acceleration or is it acceleration?

  • @alexjohnward

    @alexjohnward

    Жыл бұрын

    You are accelerating up at 9.8m/s/s when sitting in your chair, spacetime is accelerating down at 9.8m/s/s towards the centre of the Earth at the same time, that's why you don't fly off into space!

  • @mauricebeauchsne2061
    @mauricebeauchsne2061 Жыл бұрын

    Do I hear John Williams in the background

  • @Jaggerbush
    @Jaggerbush Жыл бұрын

    Oh boy - where’s Dialect?? The ongoing debate for approval on this is sure to come.

  • @tokajileo5928
    @tokajileo5928 Жыл бұрын

    in case of gravity there is tidal force in case of acceleration there is not. so the 2 are not the same. locally they are but not really it is just approximation like everything else.

  • @Mfields4517
    @Mfields4517 Жыл бұрын

    We are accelerating into the core of the Earth. Why does this need a principle to comprehend?

  • @ovidiuangheluta358
    @ovidiuangheluta358 Жыл бұрын

    I have no clue about Romanian geometry, nevertheless I am one of the nationality... At 24:50

  • @napo3393
    @napo3393 Жыл бұрын

    A guy fires up a telescope in andromeda and watch us. Assuming we are traveling at a huge speed compared to him who is stationary times runs slower for us. So in the end whos is slower who is faster? Assuming we are gonna collide with andromeda in 4 billion years what years are those? Earth years milky way galaxy years or andromeda years?

  • @ivanvz
    @ivanvz3 ай бұрын

    Actually the parallel lines in flat Euclidean space do cross at infinity

  • @howfarawayisit

    @howfarawayisit

    3 ай бұрын

    Infinity is not a place. You cannot be 'at' it.

  • @ivanvz

    @ivanvz

    3 ай бұрын

    @@howfarawayisit precisely the answer I was expecting from a physicist. Keep up the wonderful work, it's the best I've found on KZread so far!

  • @jonshaffer6552
    @jonshaffer6552 Жыл бұрын

    So gravity is creating an artificial speed on all of the objects towards its Center so all conscious Creations on Earth are traveling at a different velocity are traveling at a different time frame that all other creations on a that are living on a planet of a larger mass or smaller Mass

  • @GlennThompson
    @GlennThompson Жыл бұрын

    At time 12.00 the definition of Geodesic is incorrect. A straight line is not a geodesic. A Geodesic is the shortest line between two points on a spherical or curved surface.

  • @howfarawayisit

    @howfarawayisit

    Жыл бұрын

    A Geodesic is the shortest line between two points on any surface. It turns out to be a straight line if the curvature of the surface is zero (i.e. a straight line)

  • @discoveringthegardenofeden7882
    @discoveringthegardenofeden7882 Жыл бұрын

    Relativity does not explain why a person undergoing an acceleration feels a force and only assumes it is equivalent to gravity without understanding why. It is just a description not a physical understanding. The distinction gets lost on most physicists, including Einstein.

  • @atheistaetherist2747
    @atheistaetherist2747 Жыл бұрын

    Einstein's elevator gedanken for the bending of a light beam doesn't work if we examine it closely. A proper application of Einstein's elevator gedanken tells us that a photon passing the Sun follows an S kind of traject, not a U type of traject. 1. The first problem is that according to a proper application of Einstein's silly elevator gedanken the bending of light approaching & brushing the Sun would be 0.438 arcsec, & when the light reaches Earth's orbit, on the far side of the Sun, the bending would be 0.875 arcsec, not Einstein's claimed 1.75 arcsec. The silly elevator gedanken gives us no more than the equivalent of the well known ballistic bending calculated by Soldner. The theoretical 1.75 arcsec is only obtained if including theoretical assumptions not existing in or near a theoretical elevator. This was obvious to me from the first. And i see that Paul Marmet pointed it out in a paper in 1999 -- Incompatibility between Einstein's General Relativity and the Principle of Equivalence. But i don’t want to go into any of that today. 2. Marmet (& everybody else) missed seeing another problem for Einstein. Marmet made the same mistake as Einstein. They both looked at a beam or a ray of light. Me myself i looked at the individual photons in the beam, & the photons told me that Einstein goofed. I usually think of a photon as being a cylinder, but today i will call it an arrow. Hence a pencil of light is a straight line of parallel arrows. If we look at individual photons in the pencil crossing the elevator then every photon/arrow is parallel to its initial alignment at all times. The pencil appears dead straight for an outside observer, at all times, no matter whether the elevator is stationary or moving or accelerating. So, the pencil of light crossing the elevator consists of say horizontal arrows. For an inside observer the pencil appears to bend down (the elevator is accelerating up), but the arrows nonetheless remain horizontal (for the inside observer)(& for the outside observer). Nextly we apply the elevator gedanken to a pencil passing the Sun. Now, Einstein was happy to use one elevator, & he was happy to use one pencil & one bend. But, lets look at our one pencil crossing millions of elevators, each accelerating radially away from the Sun. Each time a photon/arrow crosses an elevator its traject (ie the pencil) bends down, but the arrow retains its initial orientation. No matter how many elevators the arrow crosses it retains its initial orientation. The traject of an arrow can be drawn as a downwards bending arc, as the arrow approaches & reaches its closest point to the Sun. The arc curves upwards after the arrow passes the Sun. The 2 arcs form a kind of S curve. The arrow ends up flying parallel to its initial direction, but offset a distance (due to falling towards the Sun). At all times the arrow retains its initial orientation, for ever. The above describes a proper application of Einstein's silly elevator gedanken. Einstein didn’t know about photons. He merely looked at a ray/beam/pencil of light. And he came up with a U traject. No, his silly gedanken gives an S traject.

  • @atheistaetherist2747

    @atheistaetherist2747

    Жыл бұрын

    Now, if the photon/arrow was moving tangentially to the Sun as it passed (by definition), then we can draw a centerline passing throo the center of the Sun parallel to that tangent. A simple examination of the traject for an arrow shows that it can never cross the centerline. When or if the arrow eventually enters the last elevator, the elevator at or next to the centerline, the acceleration of the elevator will be parallel to the arrow. The arrow will never get to the far wall. Or if u like it gets to the far wall at infinity. But it can never cross the centerline. So, the arrow traject bends towards the Sun on approach, in a ballistic way, & then is parallel to the Sun at closest approach, & after passing the Sun the traject must reverse, such that the arrow never reaches the centerline. Hence the traject follows an S kind of traject. The arrow at some time reaches a point of closest approach to the centerline, & then diverges away & leaves the centerline, & much later its traject becomes nearnuff parallel to its original traject, albeit displaced sideways towards the Sun. Hence, according to a proper application of Einstein's elevator gedanken, it will be difficult to see an Einsteinian Ring if we are located at/near the point of convergence. The point of convergence is the place where the pencil of light entering your eye is propagating parallel to a line drawn/running from your eye to the center of the say super massive galaxy. At/near the point of convergence we might see a ring, but it will appear to be at/near the center of the super massive galaxy, hence if the super massive galaxy is very bright the ring will be difficult or impossible to see. And, according to a proper application of Einstein's elevator gedanken, there can be no visible ring effect if we are located very far beyond the point of convergence. Here the pencils of light are very much diverging from each other. According to a proper application of Einstein's elevator gedanken, there can be a visible ring effect if we are located closer than the point of convergence. Here the pencils of light are converging. But, the ring might be inside the area of the super massive galaxy (ie difficult to see). The above wordage of mine is not meant to describe what actually happens to light passing the Sun - it merely describes a proper application of silly Einstein's silly elevator gedanken (re his silly bending of light).

  • @peterolbrisch8970
    @peterolbrisch8970 Жыл бұрын

    At first glance I thought the guy was peeing.

  • @timothy8426
    @timothy8426 Жыл бұрын

    Resistance to forward momentum? When did gravity get proven? Thermaldynamics is outward pressure exerted by repulsion and propulsion. Magnets show the bonding power of atomic strength of unification of unidirectional flow. Pressure both clockwise and counterclockwise. Resistance is equal to mass. Mass falls at the same rate of speed because resistance is always equalization to density. Density can not exceed resistance. Space, itself, is cold resistance to thermaldynamics. Perpetual motion. Thermaldynamics is propelled in forward momentum and repelled by resistance to redirected trajectories of thermaldynamics into magnetic fields of forced pressure cycling circulation patterns of mass. Black holes are devoid bubbles of thermaldynamics. Mass is neutralized resistance, which makes mass the weakest point of resistance. Proximity mass of weaker resistance collects repelled thermaldynamics from mass of greater resistance. The pressure exerted in proximity mass is repelled towards the weakest point of resistance. The greater neutralized mass. Earth is the weakest point of resistance. The resistance between Earth and us is weaker, so our internal pressure of resistance repels us toward it, from all sides. We vibrate pressure towards the weakest point. Vibrating Frequencies always equalizes resistance and thermaldynamics. Mass occupies space as space. We transition through space as space itself, point to point interactions with exchanging thermaldynamics, and cold resistance. We decay or age in this process in forward momentum in resistance. All mass lose heat. Stars replenish heat. Heat is maximum momentum velocity, in resistance, in and out of entanglement of mass. Conservation of maximum momentum velocity, in resistance, is constant. Distance is reduced by redirected trajectories of thermaldynamics into cycling circulation patterns of magnetic fields as mass. Density can't exceed resistance. Density is space occupying space. Space is cold resistance. Propulsion and repulsion. Perpetual motion. Pressure is heat. All interactions are equalized to cold resistance and thermaldynamics as pressure equalization. Tornadoes, cyclones, hurricanes, lighting. Light is absorbed as heat. Light only is present in atmospheres as resistance of refraction. Not absorbed. Unification of unidirectional thermaldynamics is outward pressure of force held in mass as weight. Table of elements proves hypothesis. All mass has a nucleus of cold resistance. Hydrogen is squeezed by thermaldynamics as pressure and expands into helium. More resistance is needed to repel the pressure of thermaldynamics. Thermaldynamics is outward pressure exerted on cold resistance, causing expansion of space free of thermaldynamics. Black bubbles devoid of thermaldynamics. Heat bubbles are not absorbed by water and repelled to the point of least resistance. Atmospheres. Heat is mass, cycling circulation in resistance to cold space. Cold and thermaldynamics coexist as space itself. Except in occupational mass. Elements have resistance within. The amount of thermaldynamics pressure exerted on them determines the type of elements that they expand cold resistance into. Black bubbles of pure cold resistance of space itself are the generator hubs of galaxies. The excretion disk are neutralized resistance, and proximity mass is repelled towards them as galaxies. Pressure exerted on quatum magnetic fields increases the need for repulsion and cold resistance expands into equalization of pressure. Repulsion and propulsion. A generator of perpetual motion. Dual pressure is necessary for mass to exist. Magnets are both. Magnetic fields are both. Mass is created by both. Cold resistance is in equalization to mass. Black holes are devoid bubbles of thermaldynamics. Jetting thermaldynamics outward into space as repulsion orbs. Circular orbs in resistance from all sides. Galaxies are formed by bubbles devoid of thermaldynamics. Generators of thermaldynamics into cycling circulation maximum momentum velocity, in resistance. Event horizon is thermaldynamics circling outside of entanglement, next to thermaldynamics circulation as neutralized resistance plasma. Galaxies are formed by hub expansion of space devoid of thermaldynamics. Theoretically.

  • @aaronhrk

    @aaronhrk

    Жыл бұрын

    Do you need 'help' Timothy?

  • @jimc.goodfellas226

    @jimc.goodfellas226

    Жыл бұрын

    Wut

  • @markmd9
    @markmd9 Жыл бұрын

    WRONG trajectory of the laser in the accelerated lift. It should be bent the other way, different from gravitational field. That way I'll know I'm in the lift 😝

  • @southbronxny5727
    @southbronxny5727 Жыл бұрын

    'Force field' looks fake. When the elevator was thrusted, the ball never moved. The elevator moved up to the ball until it touched the elevator. The field wasn't 'created'.

  • @fkeyvan
    @fkeyvan Жыл бұрын

    Why do you pronounce the names like Ricci incorrectly?

  • @howfarawayisit

    @howfarawayisit

    Жыл бұрын

    Why?

  • @fkeyvan

    @fkeyvan

    Жыл бұрын

    @@howfarawayisit maybe because you pronounce them like English words. Anyway I am interested in the twin paradox. Your solution using GR is not complete. You did not take into account the time dilations due to each leg of the journey before and after the deceleration/acceleration turning around point

  • @fkeyvan

    @fkeyvan

    Жыл бұрын

    @@howfarawayisit you also pronounced Henri Poincaré incorrectly

  • @thelostone6981

    @thelostone6981

    Жыл бұрын

    @@fkeyvan My real name has been spoken incorrectly for almost 50 years. It does not bother me because it’s hard to pronounce by people. So It’s an odd thing to me to read that people get hung up on such things as a mispronunciation of a name. Can you pronounce “Gaukværøya” correctly? Like a true Vesterålen borne Norwegian??? How about Ngereklmadel in Palauan? (Both places I’ve stepped foot on btw). Most locals struggle to say these correctly and I have a strong feeling you’d mess them up too. Seriously, don’t get hung up on such nonsense because communication is about understanding, not phonetics. Have a laugh, I do when people mispronounce my name, but don’t get high and mighty about it. Especially when he’s teach great history and science.

  • @fkeyvan

    @fkeyvan

    Жыл бұрын

    @@thelostone6981 it was odd to me because names like Ricci and Poincaré have been pronounced a zillion times in talks by various scientists. So someone who claims to be a physicist comes along and pronounces them like they were English words sounds to me like he as never listened to a talk on SR or GR.

  • @jonshaffer6552
    @jonshaffer6552 Жыл бұрын

    So so what's your say is that gravity created artificial speed

  • @howfarawayisit

    @howfarawayisit

    Жыл бұрын

    There is nothin 'artificial' about it.

  • @sistajoseph
    @sistajosephАй бұрын

    Big mistake. You are in an elevator, the elevator is accelerating, you let go of the ball. The ball does not feel a force, why should it. The internal and external condition of the ball is the same as before the elevator as started to accelerate. Why should the ball feel forced?

  • @Iam590
    @Iam590 Жыл бұрын

    The main mistake we humans make is dividing a single non dual reality into names and forms. The nature of the Universe is Mind and what is mind nothing but the I thought. Every name and form refers to that being which we all call as I without the word. Most Humans have the idea that God/Self is something that they see or exist xpirence this is not so God/Self is the awareness or the Consiousness In which seeing and experiencing happens. Even if Humans don't see God it's still thr always has been. What's not thr is the Human Being and the Universe which is nothing but an ever changing experience appearing in the eternal screen of existence. This screen is what scientists are trying to define using all these calculations. Unless the nature of the observer is tackled we won't understand the full extent. Whrs the Universe when you are in deep sleep? All these scientific calculations are nothing but bunch of thoughts forms and we are trying to define infinity using words. How can infinity be expressed in words we can't. Everything in the Cosmos is being run managed, expirenced by that one being you are not sperate from what's being looked at you are what you are looking at.. Self Consiousness is the dream of Humanity which is the ability to observe oneself and ditch from the whole, which is nothing but an illusion. You have to exist to ask questions that existence is what Consciousness is in other words that sense or presence or existence is what you are. . It is not dependent on words or language, and it is not tied to any particular object or being. How much evidence do you need to know you exist? its self evident. Both general relativity and quantum physics says that the observer plays a central role in our understanding of the universe. However, this does not mean that the observer is limited to humans or any other specific objects. The observer can be seen as a formless, nameless energy that is present in all things. This energy or presence which people refer to as God/Consiousness, is present even when we are in deep sleep or under anesthesia. It is the constant presence of this energy that allows us to experience and understand the world around us. However, our perception of the world is constantly changing, as we grow and experience new things.YOur body was a kid,teenager,adults etc etc Thought changes, seeing changes,hearing changes, ur experience is in a constant change but u have always been u right? That sense of I is what you are , not your body mind. It’s an inherent contradiction to your experience if you enquire into it. This unchanging sense of existence is what everyone refers to as the "I" or the self. It is not tied to any particular thought or experience, but rather it is the constant presence that observes and experiences these things. What you are is beyond the concepts of existence and non-existence. God is a single, unified energy that is present in all things. The names and forms that we give to things are illusory, and we impose limitations on our true, infinite being and fight with each other . To truly understand ourselves and our place in the universe, we must look beyond our thoughts and words and simply be present with the nameless, formless energy that is present in all things. It’s really hard to explain using words, close your eyes ask yourself who am I, the response will be different thoughts which are all different concepts about ur character saying blah blah blah which after a while all these thoughts will be in the past but u still r, u experienced those. After u do it try defining your sense of existence without words stay there. What is there apart from ones own self? If the mind subsides the whole world subsides mind is the cause of all this chaos if that subsides things will become much clearer , GOd proclaims itself all time as “I” “I” , its self evident, self luminous its here, its this you are seeing thru it, you are hearing thru it all this is that we are in that It’s nearer than the nearest thought. Just be and enquire into what you call I without the word “I” which is just another thought everything will make sense. If people whr to be aware of the consciousness instead of the forms that appear in it, they would realize that all these forms are just appearances which manifests in the one indivisible consciousness , that’s what everyone is looking for, You can be that but you can never see it because not separate from you. What comes will also go, what always is will alone remain removal of the ignorance is all that is required. Father You and I are one- Jesus We are one,Everything is within- Rumi Whoever knows thyself knows his lord- Mohammed Look Inside all living beings possess Buddha Nature- Lotus Sutra God Dwells in you, as you- Baghdad Gita Heaven,earth and Humans are the same- Confucianism The greatest tragedy of human existence is the illusion of separateness Peace

  • @RasLion
    @RasLion Жыл бұрын

    Gravity is not a force

  • @jonaoconnor8065
    @jonaoconnor8065 Жыл бұрын

    Hah has there will only be gravity as long as you won't jump...

  • @jaed2630
    @jaed2630 Жыл бұрын

    For all the flat Earther's. Eat this!