How Far Away Is It - 06 - Distant Stars (4K)
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Music free version: • Distant Stars
In this segment of our video book, we take a close look at light in order to understand the Hertzsprung - Russell diagram.
We explain that by distant star, we mean a star too far away for parallax distance measurements. We then go into the dual nature of light as both a particle and a wave. Viewing light as a wave, we cover the full electromagnetic spectrum, followed by blackbody radiation. Then using known luminosity from nearby stars, we map star color to temperature and star temperature to luminosity - the basic H-R Diagram.
To give this diagram meaning, we introduce the nature of nuclear fusion and how star color and temperature are related to the mass of the star. This gives us the meaning behind the main diagonal line on the H-R Diagram - it represents the main sequence for stars burning Hydrogen. We follow by describing the end-of-life process for stars that moves them off the main sequence and into the realm of giant and supergiant stars. This gives meaning to the two collections of stars above the main sequence. Finally, we discuss the cataclysmic explosion at the end and how this leaves behind White Dwarfs.
Once the meaning of the H-R Diagram is understood, we use spectral analysis to determine a star’s place on the diagram. We use a stars color, temperature and spectral class to determine its place on the horizontal axis. We use spectral absorption lines and Luminosity Classes to determine its place on the vertical axis. This gives us its intrinsic luminosity and thereby its distance.
We then use this new technique for determining distance to distant stars V1331 Cyg, UY Scuti, WR 124, and AG Carinae.
Next cover Delta Cephei a variable luminosity star, and Henrietta Leavitt’s work mapping the period of a Cepheid star’s luminosity cycle to the star’s luminosity. This gave us our first “Standard Candle”. RR Lyrae came as the next standard candle variable.
We go on to cover Zeta Geminorum, Eta Aquila, HIP 13044, T Lyrae, SDSS J102915+172927, Mu Cephei, HE 1523-0901, Eta Carinae, V838 Monocerotis, AW Cyg, extra galactic Hypervelocity Star HVS 2v, and HE 0437-5439 a star that is being ejected from the galaxy possibly via a close encounter with the Milky Way’s central supermassive black hole.
We conclude with the major new distance ladder rungs: the H-R Diagram, along with Cepheid variables and RR Lyrae variables as “standard candles”.
Music:
@00:57 Chopin, Frédéric: Prelude from Les Sylphides; from the album “A Calendar of Classics - A 12 CD set of Romantic Classics for every Month of the Year”, 2007
@06:27 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus: Sinfonia concertante for violin, viola & orchestra in E flat major; Academy of St. Martin in the Fields - Sir Neville Marriner, Levon Chilingirian (violin), Csaba Erdelya (viola) from the CD ‘Amadeus’, 1988
@13:48 Puccini, Giacomo: Crisantemi; Radio Symphonie Orchester Berlin and Riccar-do Chailly; from the album “Puccini without Words”, 2006
@20:40 Grieg, Edvard: Solveig’s Song; from Peer Gynt; New Symphony Orchestra; from the album “60 Classical Tracks”, 2011
Пікірлер: 453
Mr. Butler....you have seriously touched my life. I’ve spent about 35 hours watching your videos over the past few weeks and I must say your teaching style doesn’t push information but you rather reveal information in layers so that it can build on-itself. I just wanted to say I really appreciate what you do. You make me proud to be a human being....corny as that sounds I mean that.
@howfarawayisit
3 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@KINGFAROOQ1216
Жыл бұрын
I said something similar about human beings, ha, Mr.Butler does strike me as an outstanding human being, this is what cool should be in our culture, imagine how much better humanity would be, is it possible to greatly reduce immaturity and just like the wonder Mr Butler feels when learning something new, we need to show behavioural learning is the same wonder of the mind.......that make sense?
@RayHenderson-ph4hk
8 ай бұрын
Sean Robertson and Kirsten Kirby of new canton Illinois molested there daughter lyndon Robertson
David reminds me why I loved astronomy so much as a kid. Great channel, and helps me escape my meaningless corporate life on the hamster wheel.
Relaxing and learning before you sleep. It is a win win situation.
@billwheeler7243
3 жыл бұрын
Another set of youtube vid's that are a good listen /zzzzn is VAUGHN HEPPNER's "" THE LOST STARSHIP"" series on audiobook ...check it out... 8 of the 12 books are posted on youtube
@carolemadeleine6139
3 жыл бұрын
@@billwheeler7243 cf
@billborock282
3 жыл бұрын
Exactly what I'm doing now. Lol
@eddiegood1776
3 жыл бұрын
He does have the kind of voice that pits you to sleep.
@SedatKPunkt
3 жыл бұрын
Doing exactly the same for years with various documentaries about astronomy & cosmology... ...it turned out that David Butler is the best checking all boxes I'm looking for: Getting to learn everything about astronomy in detail AND finding sleep sweeter than honey...!
This series is a treasure of astronomy from a experienced astronomologist, benefiting the world.
i spent a year trying to learn this shit from school and here comes David to blow my mind in 27 mins god bless you David, you're the best
My favorite space science channel by far
@samkolkka7084
5 жыл бұрын
My favorite too... Its the only channel that actually expects us to try to learn and understand. And not dumb it down for those who have the attention span of a goldfish.
@Terlin1466
5 жыл бұрын
@@samkolkka7084 thats insulting to the gold fish. :-)
@ryanrussell8262
2 жыл бұрын
Every single video is amazing. Even the ones I think will be boring are mind blowing.
No one makes videos like these. So in depth and full of detail. Beautifully made. Love the How Far Away is It series.
This series is great.....minimum “ showbiz, maximum info -- thank you
Real science based solely on facts and a hint of exploration curiosity .. absolute space heaven
One of the best lecture series on Astronomy-- I am a professional doctor -- and it is so absorbing even to me -- our children need to listen to these -- Sir 🙏
Kudos for perfect pacing on these videos, Mr Butler. I appreciate having my mind expanded/blown at an easy tempo.
@TheSmileyTek
4 жыл бұрын
I thought the exact same thing. Perfect flow of information with explanation.
@bibiayube677
3 жыл бұрын
@ابو ليث الخطيب fuck you and your pedophile prophet
The ease with which you have made technical concepts easily understandable is amazing. You are an excellent teacher. Long life and health to you!
Remarquable travail de vulgarisation. Les images sont expressives, les explications nettes et concises et le fond musical bien choisi. Merci David c est superbe ! Je continue la serie .
17:24 David: "Here we see the superhot star WR 124." Me: *tips hat* M'lady
Best KZread Channel discussing astronomy
I hate commercials/ads but having to watch one or two to watch this is biggest deal I can imagine in educational entertainment.
@howfarawayisit
3 жыл бұрын
Thanks. I do provide a music free (and therefore ad free) version.
This is an excellent series! So well explained!
Covered a lot of ground, simple and thorough. Thank you much!
Yes!!! I have been watching these videos all week, now I can in 4K.
I surmise that David enjoys himself a bit of Pink Floyd every once in a while! All of "Us and Them" derive much enrichment and education from your work. Thank You so much for your time and effort!
@tomscott3
4 жыл бұрын
was wondering if anyone else caught that
You have a great voice for presenting this topic... fit for a planetarium talk.
This channel has such awesome content. Thanks for making these videos!
Loved the use of classic music in the background. This video hits on my subconscious.
Mr. David lectures are Gold.
Mr Butler, yours is the probably best made and most informative series on the subject among all. Appreciations.
Thank you Robert Butler. You did a thorough job of explaining astronomical concepts! Most astronomical videos on line are more entertainment than education.
Brilliantly done - priceless work - I'm thankful
Very well produced. Outstanding graphics. Explained so even I can grasp most of it.
Dear David, I appreciate your fascinating videos on astronomy. Your voice is charming and magnetic.
This part about quantum mechanics (emission and absorption of light by atoms in a gas) is very interesting. The atoms in a gas will only be excited by light with the right frequency and thus energy content. This depends on the gas composition. Thus, when that happens, the photons transfer their energy to the electrons in the atom, which jump to a higher orbit around the nucleus (absorption). When the electron returns to its original position, it emits light of that same frequency (emission).
Mr Davide so difficult topics made easy to understand by you. This creates more enthusiasm in most of viewers to learn more and more. Hats off to you.
This is remarkably good, one of the best reviews I have ever found. The clarity and scope are brilliant. Dr. Reid oncology
Complex ideas broken into understandable pieces. Thanks!
Really the best nuts and bolts explanations I’ve come across. Just excellent!
Amazing work David. Thank you.
Mr. Butler is the best space science teacher ever.
I can't get enough of these videos, this one along with local galaxies, I watch daily
David Butler is my hero. Great information and so well presented!
Love your channel,keep teaching us,and we will keep watching.
Best of the Best Thanks Mr. Butler
Fantastic educational video Sir!! I learnt a ton on the subject in this 27:26 minutes. Tons of respect for your knowledge and oratory skills.
You've done something very good here. I think I might subscribe. Thank you!
Outstanding effort David, Thank You very much. Cheers Kev
The greatest channel on KZread. By some incredible measure. Love
God bless you, Mr. Butler
Very well presented. Fantastic job.
Wow…the way you explain things By far the best educational video I’ve seen no b.s. no upselling products thank you 10/10
Dear Sir, thank you very much for this fantastic documentary. I wish you all the best and greetings from Verona - Italy.
Thanks for the great efforts to simplify this science for us
Found your channel 2 months ago, I wish I had done so earlier. I watch your videos everyday before going to bed.
Thx David. I appreciate it very much
Thank you for making these posts.
Hello David I'm an amateur astronomer for 40+ years now, and I just really have to applaud your astronomy video series. I've watched a lot of these astronomy videos from other sources and channels, and without any doubt, yours are the best I've ever seen. Your presentation of the material and explanations have given me a new light (no pun intended) on my hobby. I have a 12.5 inch Meade research series reflector, and I'm now planning an observatory to house it. I also had a career in the electronics field too. Thank You very much for your intelligible hard work
@howfarawayisit
2 жыл бұрын
John, Thanks for your note. I love it that you can build an observatory. David
Absolutely brilliant. I do believe I'm about to binge watch the rest of the series. Thank you fir your hard work.
Thank you for showing the Dark Side of the Moon-Cover at 2:37. 😊
David has such a beautiful way of explaining all matters concerning astronomy it is a joy to watch and listen, I had seen the H+R graph many times but had no real idea of what it signified, but David explained it perfectly in this video, I'll now know exactly what I am looking at and what it represents in future. Many many thanks for these videos David, your expert narration and superb musical accompaniment make these videos a joy to watch.
@anantamangalagiri
2 жыл бұрын
As the presenter states, H-R diag is Spectroscopic Parallex, tool to estimate how far away the stellar objects are based on objects' luminosity, I think.
This is an incredible series. It reminds me of some of the information I was exposed to in astronomy class in college. Thank you for sharing.
@jessieduncan9141
3 жыл бұрын
David has such a beautiful way of explaining all matters concerning astronomy it is a joy to watch and listen, I had seen the H+R graph many times but had no real idea of what it signified, but David explained it perfectly in this video, I'll now know exactly what I am looking at and what it represents in future. Many many thanks for these videos David, your expert narration and superb musical accompaniment make these videos a joy to watch.
I'm so amazed. thank you
Wow... explained very clearly... It reminds me of several of my university professors at Queens borough community college... back in 1984
David your a leader, I said so before, your up there with the greats, its sad we cant keep you forever. You are an insperation to the next generation, a long term thinker, and I for one, thank you.
@lloydtait5209
5 жыл бұрын
What you gave to humaity, cannot be paid in money. Unfortunatly not all of us understand that, we won't. Not for a few more generations. Love u,, your my bro, I for one, appriciate how your trying to protect us.
@lloydtait5209
5 жыл бұрын
we cant all protect the president, and take that bullet, you have, with so much class I could puke.
@howfarawayisit
5 жыл бұрын
Thank you Lloyd for your kind comment. I appreciate it.
Sir David, thank you for these videos. Love and respect from India❤
Your illustrations and visuals are so far best, very easy to understand. All other docs are fuzzy
This was awesome, thank you
Truthfully, astronomy kinda went over my head, I'm very intelligent but the distance and time are so vast, it's hard to put in perspective, but you explain and show graphs that detail so I can understand, great job of bringing down to earth, so to say.
U are awesome, I'm so happy to have found this channel, I'm Pretty well educated, but David can teach me so much more, keep it rolling Dave, my goodness
What a great man you are sir....kudos
GREAT JOB DAVE!!!
these series are soooooo damn good, excellent job
Mr Butler ur one of the best at what u do;Thank u so much;
Always very interesting stuff!
Thanks for your explanation and it's always great but somewhere in me very deep question about luminosity and speed.
I love that you are updating not just the video quality but also the content of your old videos. Thank you so much for the great work.
Im glad its here to watch I hope you keep it up
David is my Astro-Uncle.
I never knew that colors get more confusing This was very helpful I learned a lot
this guy is better than any science teacher i ever had and not boring at all!!!
Best channel on space and astronomy, much better than PBS spacetime.
I love the slow pacing delivery of your videos. Most astronomy videos, people who explained it talked way too fast and too excited I couldn’t follow much.
@whitewolf..
5 жыл бұрын
With the cliche dialogue for Black Hole "That even light cannot escape " 😡😡😡🤬🤬🤬
@anantamangalagiri
2 жыл бұрын
True sir. The presenter set a bench mark as to how to explain scientific aspects in an easily understandable manner to all including physicists.
I never cared for science and this is as interesting as anything I've studied. Thanks, Professor.
Mr David Butler your very good and thank you being very good teacher
I wish I learned this in High School. Simply great channel and I love the history.
Your videos are the best on the field of Astronomy, Astrophysics, and Cosmology. Excellent work, very organized, clear to understand, and very deep in details. Thank for your valuable collaboration to understand our amazing Universe. :DAV:D, My name is :DAV:D too.
I hope there are more high-quality contents like this on youtube!
Wondeful presentation Sir!
this is an exceptionally interesting video!
What an Excellent teacher!
Thank you very much Mr Butler. Very interesting !! I have get enough of your explanations
@christinebethencourt6197
6 жыл бұрын
I have
Great Job... Very eloquent.
You have great voice for this.
absolutely best channel on youtube.
Well explained in a relax n calm manner.. take a bow sir :)
D Butler is the god of the knowledge of the cosmos, imagine if he could live for a 1000years
Amazing explaination🙌🙌🙌
I’ve got virtually no idea what he’s on about. But I love listening to it.
@anantamangalagiri
2 жыл бұрын
He is just speaking experimentally verified truths.
David, you're the best buddy.
I feel like I've just been given a present. And I'm off to sleep here. Best watch this in bed :)
@yalcinarik
5 жыл бұрын
these videos are way better than sleeping pills.
@ThomasJr
5 жыл бұрын
It's impossible to watch anything in bed, Lol...you fall asleep.
@Terlin1466
5 жыл бұрын
@@ThomasJr thats the point its so relaxing.
@jimwatts7489
5 жыл бұрын
Little Cripple, you were given something, I would not call it a present; it is more like Sargon's "hasta". This is what you should be watching and watch it over and over, utill your not a cripple any more. kzread.info/dash/bejne/inl7r5qhlcWpkaQ.html
@rlicon1970
5 жыл бұрын
The Space Rip guy is my weapon of choice to go to sleep. 😴
This one video has spectacular content.
Blows me away to know what we have discovered in our galaxy and universe. Less than a hundred years ago we knew nothing about other galaxies.
keep it coming david. U the best
Mr Butler thank you for the effort great vidios