Crash Blossoms and Being Drunk: Ambiguity

One comma can make a lot of difference. Language is ambiguous -- but in some very specific ways. Here's how.
Written with GRETCHEN MCCULLOCH: gretchenmcculloch.com - / gretchenamcc
[Update: her book BECAUSE INTERNET is out July 2019! gretchenmcculloch.com/book/ ]
More from Gretchen at ALL THINGS LINGUISTIC: allthingslinguistic.com - / allthingsling
BONUS LINK: Garden Path Sentence Shirts: allthingslinguistic.com/post/1...
Directed by MATT GRAY: mattg.co.uk - / unnamedculprit
And more from me: tomscott.com - / tomscott

Пікірлер: 1 400

  • @terrotorotbart8319
    @terrotorotbart83195 жыл бұрын

    Once a bomb shell was discovered on a beach in the UK, and while that probably happens a lot, the headline read "Shell Found On Beach".

  • @NamesForDogs

    @NamesForDogs

    2 жыл бұрын

    And on that bombshell, goodnight.

  • @FLS96

    @FLS96

    2 жыл бұрын

    Anti-clickbait xD

  • @adanactnomew7085

    @adanactnomew7085

    Жыл бұрын

    @@FLS96lmaooo

  • @diakounknown1225

    @diakounknown1225

    Жыл бұрын

    dear god I laughed out loud

  • @ChrisPoindexter98

    @ChrisPoindexter98

    Жыл бұрын

    @@NamesForDogs beat me to it

  • @thegardenofeatin5965
    @thegardenofeatin59654 жыл бұрын

    You missed a golden opportunity to use the audio from Two Drums and a Cymbal Fall Off A Cliff.

  • @yeiiovv4989

    @yeiiovv4989

    3 жыл бұрын

    yes

  • @officialSgtPepperArc360

    @officialSgtPepperArc360

    2 жыл бұрын

    *_LAME SAUCE!_*

  • @amyipdev

    @amyipdev

    2 жыл бұрын

    We need a remake

  • @mencshighlights3390

    @mencshighlights3390

    2 жыл бұрын

    A badger in a blender

  • @PsychicRadroach
    @PsychicRadroach7 жыл бұрын

    The end card says, "Why Can't Adults Learn Languages Like Childen?" I don't know, I don't even know if "Childen" is a language?

  • @FingerboardStylez

    @FingerboardStylez

    7 жыл бұрын

    nice

  • @SomeRandomFellow

    @SomeRandomFellow

    7 жыл бұрын

    PsychicRadroach how do adults learn children

  • @PsychicRadroach

    @PsychicRadroach

    7 жыл бұрын

    He misspelled children, which changes the meaning of the sentence, implying "childen" is a language.

  • @steveisthecommissar4013

    @steveisthecommissar4013

    5 жыл бұрын

    ( claps slowly)

  • @varun2275

    @varun2275

    5 жыл бұрын

    it could also mean "Why can't adults learn languages like (they learn (about)) children?" or is that a bit of a stretch?

  • @Xapper0
    @Xapper09 жыл бұрын

    This is why I tend to overuse commas.

  • @IceMetalPunk

    @IceMetalPunk

    9 жыл бұрын

    Xletricity Don't you mean, "This is, why I tend, to overuse commas"?

  • @juriaanv

    @juriaanv

    9 жыл бұрын

    Xletricity What are "overuse commas", and why do they have to be tended to?

  • @MrNacknime

    @MrNacknime

    9 жыл бұрын

    IceMetalPunk Soooo the secound one would be overused and already wrong, wouldn't it?

  • @Xapper0

    @Xapper0

    9 жыл бұрын

    Just... Just -.-

  • @IceMetalPunk

    @IceMetalPunk

    9 жыл бұрын

    MrNacknime The second one would be overused he should complain.

  • @JoelCarli
    @JoelCarli8 жыл бұрын

    Crash Blossoms sounds like the most adorable punk rock band in the world.

  • @ShiroAndRin

    @ShiroAndRin

    7 жыл бұрын

    Sorry, but I think that title is already taken by Baby Metal ;P

  • @drops2cents260

    @drops2cents260

    7 жыл бұрын

    +ShiroAndRin Naah, Baby Metal can't be punk rock because it has waaay too much of an 1980ies metal ring to it. :-P Crash Blossoms, on the other hand, sounds like three angry teenagers where one built himself an ersatz drumkit out of paint cans, the other two guys having had just enough guitar lessons to know three chords (one of those two having to play bass because while he _knows_ the chords, he can't actually _play_ any one of them) and the guy wielding the six-stringed axe trying to sing while suffering from an extremely bad case of puberty vocal change. In short, it sounds like a perfect name for a punk band which releases their stuff on tapes which were recorded on some of the guys dad's antique stereo (and thus being of abysmally bad quality) who are an insiders tip in the local scene and will dissolve when the three lads are old enough to enroll in college. :-)

  • @General12th

    @General12th

    6 жыл бұрын

    +Drops2cents That's oddly specific.

  • @JLPicard1648

    @JLPicard1648

    5 жыл бұрын

    +ShiroAndRin This has been one of the few times that I have googled something and become more confused than when I started. Care to explain why that's a thing?

  • @danr.5017

    @danr.5017

    5 жыл бұрын

    I can expalin. Baby Metal was designed by a cynical pop idol reccord label. Essenatlly Japan has a really thriving metal scene, so some execs thought designing a pop Idol gorup to cash in on the metal trend might actualy get some metal heads to by pop music. Essentaly the Japanese Simon Cowl tried to trun the Spice Girls into Metallica.

  • @crabgnome5388
    @crabgnome53887 жыл бұрын

    My personal favorite case of ambiguity is the street signs that say "SLOW CHILDREN CROSSING"

  • @jeremyzorek

    @jeremyzorek

    7 жыл бұрын

    My dad always goes, "Awwww, slow children crossing. Isn't that sad?"

  • @stan.rarick8556

    @stan.rarick8556

    4 жыл бұрын

    Or is "SLOW" a verb, as in slow the children down?

  • @bananya6020

    @bananya6020

    4 жыл бұрын

    STOP CHILDREN CROSSING MURDER THEM A- this account has been removed from youtube for violating it's terms of service

  • @bananya6020

    @bananya6020

    4 жыл бұрын

    ***its

  • @jacquelineliu2641

    @jacquelineliu2641

    4 жыл бұрын

    I came up with the following interpretations: 1. Vehicles should slow down because there could be children crossing. (Probably the intended meaning) 2. Children that are slow could be crossing. 3. Slow down the children who are crossing. Any other that I missed?

  • @keirbhaltair
    @keirbhaltair9 жыл бұрын

    My favourite example of a garden path sentence is: "Time flies like an arrow; fruit flies like a banana."

  • @black_platypus

    @black_platypus

    9 жыл бұрын

    Narixx Yes, definitely :)

  • @r0cketplumber

    @r0cketplumber

    5 жыл бұрын

    Bar flies like a banana daquiri.

  • @DavidsonLoops

    @DavidsonLoops

    4 жыл бұрын

    report Zilean for noob !! (and also olaf)

  • @90lancaster

    @90lancaster

    4 жыл бұрын

    Fruit Flies also like Nectarines.

  • @silviaomo15

    @silviaomo15

    4 жыл бұрын

    i took me a while to get to that a good one

  • @sllsllsllsllsll
    @sllsllsllsllsll6 жыл бұрын

    we had a famous one in Hong Kong a while back: "兒子生性病母倍感安慰" Which can mean, "Son behaves, sick mother is relieved" or "Son gets sexual disease, mother is relieved"

  • @CarMedicine

    @CarMedicine

    3 жыл бұрын

    Could also mean "Son, the mother with sexual disease is relieved"

  • @IsomerMashups

    @IsomerMashups

    3 жыл бұрын

    Hey, at least he's getting laid.

  • @trickytreyperfected1482

    @trickytreyperfected1482

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@IsomerMashups getting laid but not being protected smh

  • @lunaponta594

    @lunaponta594

    3 жыл бұрын

    aaah i'm relieved. finally my son got a sexual disease

  • @angrytedtalks

    @angrytedtalks

    3 жыл бұрын

    Now I need to learn Cantonese... does it work in Mandarin also?

  • @MrRjhyt
    @MrRjhyt7 жыл бұрын

    I liked the old newspaper headline about Michael Foot, 'Foot heads arms body'.

  • @KonStafylides

    @KonStafylides

    7 жыл бұрын

    That's amazing

  • @chevtothemax

    @chevtothemax

    7 жыл бұрын

    Robin Hislop it was the New York news paper was it not?

  • @rosiefay7283

    @rosiefay7283

    7 жыл бұрын

    Not a New York or any US paper, but The Times. www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2010/mar/05/footnotes-life-michael-foot and scroll about halfway down.

  • @typo691

    @typo691

    7 жыл бұрын

    I don't get it, please elaborate?

  • @Lucasvids

    @Lucasvids

    7 жыл бұрын

    He was a UK politician michal foot was in charge of an organisation about nuclear arms

  • @astramancer
    @astramancer9 жыл бұрын

    "Can I go to the bathroom?" "I don't know, can you?" "Yes, thank you." ~gets up and goes to the bathroom~ And thus ended that teacher's use of that annoying pedantry.

  • @timothymclean

    @timothymclean

    5 жыл бұрын

    Dang, I wish I'd thought of that. ...Probably wouldn't use it, but I wish I'd thought of it.

  • @Egilhelmson

    @Egilhelmson

    4 жыл бұрын

    astramancer Trust me, it will _not_ end that bit of pedantry. Only death. Or at least Alzheimer’s, with Dad.

  • @grimTales1

    @grimTales1

    4 жыл бұрын

    I wish I'd thought of that

  • @user-nl2vr7kj9f

    @user-nl2vr7kj9f

    4 жыл бұрын

    What I once read somewhere else was: "Yes I can, and may I add that colloquial irregularities occur frequently in any language and as you and the rest of our present company perfectly understood my intended meaning, being particular about the distinctions of "can" and "may" is purely pedantic and arguably pretentious. " Now we only have to learn that by heart, good luck

  • @pi4t651

    @pi4t651

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@user-nl2vr7kj9f "If you were forbidding me to go you would have known whether I could go or not. Since you just said you don't know, logically I must have your permission to. Bye!"

  • @EmmaLiza
    @EmmaLiza9 жыл бұрын

    Of course, that violinist is now linked to crash blossoms.

  • @coreylando6608

    @coreylando6608

    9 жыл бұрын

    Haha, that's true! How ironic! (Did I use irony correctly there? I think I did. There is a definite reversal of expectations here.)

  • @EmmaLiza

    @EmmaLiza

    9 жыл бұрын

    Corey Lando Speaking on someone who studies Linguistics herself and is about halfway to a major: I don't even know that word is terrifying and the Irony Warriors shall soon descend upon us all. Take shelter, my friends, we know not how this fight shall end.

  • @coreylando6608

    @coreylando6608

    9 жыл бұрын

    EmmaLiza Brace yourselves, winter is coming.

  • @EmmaLiza

    @EmmaLiza

    9 жыл бұрын

    Corey Lando Irony is in fact what Valyrian steel was made of.

  • @coreylando6608

    @coreylando6608

    9 жыл бұрын

    It is a dangerous tool that will turn on its wielder in an instant if used improperly.

  • @ethannoumenon
    @ethannoumenon2 жыл бұрын

    “Linguists love ambiguity more than most people” Tom’s comedy is fantastic

  • @Antonio-wh8lh

    @Antonio-wh8lh

    10 ай бұрын

    “As a linguist, I can indeed confirm that there are very few who we love more than ambiguity.”

  • @ovencake523

    @ovencake523

    8 ай бұрын

    damn that took me a few seconds lingusts love ambiguity more than they love most people lingusts love abiguity more than most people do

  • @caseyhamm4292

    @caseyhamm4292

    6 ай бұрын

    the best is that it’s totally unexpected because he delivered all the other lines in a total deadpan

  • @heckYEAHman.

    @heckYEAHman.

    6 ай бұрын

    Linguists love ambiguity more than most, people

  • @Shortpencil996

    @Shortpencil996

    5 ай бұрын

    That’s good

  • @aldojitsu
    @aldojitsu8 жыл бұрын

    Headline from a WW1 article: "French push bottles up German rear"

  • @kempshott

    @kempshott

    8 жыл бұрын

    "General flies back to front".

  • @iLikeTheUDK

    @iLikeTheUDK

    7 жыл бұрын

    Aldo Vergel de Dios One of my favourites.

  • @zappawoman5183

    @zappawoman5183

    6 жыл бұрын

    Aldo Vergel de Dios Nut screws washers and bolts. It's a headline about a lunatic who raped two laundrette workers and escaped.

  • @rosiefay7283

    @rosiefay7283

    4 жыл бұрын

    Actually, that headline was 8TH ARMY PUSH BOTTLES UP GERMANS

  • @KnakuanaRka

    @KnakuanaRka

    4 жыл бұрын

    Okay, that’s the funniest thing I’ve heard all week.

  • @HampshireBrony
    @HampshireBrony9 жыл бұрын

    The thing about commas reminds me of this old gem: Is this a positive letter, or a negative one? Dear John I want a man who knows what love is all about you are generous kind thoughtful people who are not like you admit to being useless and inferior you have ruined me for other men I yearn for you I have no feelings whatsoever when we're apart I can be forever happy will you let me be yours Jane And now to add in some punctuation... Dear John: I want a man who knows what love is all about. You are generous, kind, thoughtful. People who are not like you admit to being useless and inferior. You have ruined me for other men. I yearn for you. I have no feelings whatsoever when we're apart. I can be forever happy--will you let me be yours? Jane Dear John: I want a man who knows what love is. All about you are generous, kind, thoughtful people, who are not like you. Admit to being useless and inferior. You have ruined me. For other men, I yearn. For you, I have no feelings whatsoever. When we're apart, I can be forever happy. Will you let me be? Yours, Jane

  • @jalopymath2545

    @jalopymath2545

    9 жыл бұрын

    Hampshire Brony That's great. Here's a third interpretation that shows that the writer is just confused and undecided on John... Dear John: I want a man! Who knows what love is all about? You? Are generous-kind, thoughtful? People who are, (not like you) admit to being. Useless and inferior... you have ruined me!!! For other men, I yearn? For you? I have no feelings whatsoever. When we're apart I can!!! Be forever happy. Will you let me be? Yours, Jane.

  • @onevastanus

    @onevastanus

    6 жыл бұрын

    A lot of work to reprove a point that has already been proven.

  • @emilcarr7190

    @emilcarr7190

    6 жыл бұрын

    Hampshire Brony let's go eat grandma

  • @rhandhom1

    @rhandhom1

    5 жыл бұрын

    I love this.

  • @JulianDanzerHAL9001

    @JulianDanzerHAL9001

    4 жыл бұрын

    I don't see the ambiguity in "Is this a positive letter, or a negative one?" :P

  • @AlisterBerb
    @AlisterBerb3 жыл бұрын

    “The ships hung in the sky in much the same way that bricks don't.” ― Douglas Adams, The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy

  • @ThePCguy17

    @ThePCguy17

    Жыл бұрын

    That's just a weird way analogy though, it's not actually ambiguous. Unless I'm so inured to Adams's particular brand of writing that I can't see alternate meanings, of course, but still.

  • @AlisterBerb

    @AlisterBerb

    Жыл бұрын

    @@ThePCguy17 You're quite probably right, but I don't even know if that was what I was going for. It probably was, but I also could have just been quoting Hitchhiker's guide cause it's funny & I was reading it at the time. Also, Adam? Who's Adam? I tried to see if that was another KZreadr you watch in your subscriptions, but all I found out is that have very good taste in KZreadrs.

  • @etsetrah

    @etsetrah

    Жыл бұрын

    @@AlisterBerb He said Adams's, as in Douglas Adams :)

  • @AlisterBerb

    @AlisterBerb

    Жыл бұрын

    @@etsetrah well don't I feel stupid

  • @inthegrass11

    @inthegrass11

    3 ай бұрын

    The Hitchhiker's Guide is full of stuff like this and I adore it.

  • @justintrovrt494
    @justintrovrt4948 жыл бұрын

    I don't have a booze problem. Booze has a me problem, because whenever I'm around, it gets drunk.

  • @danielsjohnson

    @danielsjohnson

    3 жыл бұрын

    A dwarf in World of Warcraft made a similar joke. "I don't drink anymore... I don't drink any less either."

  • @deldarel
    @deldarel7 жыл бұрын

    I'm not a linguist, but I do prefer ambiguity over most people.

  • @big-wade

    @big-wade

    4 жыл бұрын

    Ambiguity does beat the alternative of most people.

  • @chrishill601

    @chrishill601

    2 жыл бұрын

    On the other hand, one of the reasons I can't stand people, is because of how ambiguous they then to be...

  • @ljr6490

    @ljr6490

    Жыл бұрын

    clever

  • @joshuagreen3185
    @joshuagreen31856 жыл бұрын

    My favorite garden path news article headline remains this gem from 1982 - "British left waffles on Falklands"

  • @InventorZahran

    @InventorZahran

    3 жыл бұрын

    1: British people left (abandoned) waffles (the food) on the Falklands. 2: Left-leaning British people were waffling (talking pointlessly) about the Falklands. OR: Left Waffles (similar to Left Twix) from Britain are on the Falklands.

  • @jonb4155

    @jonb4155

    3 жыл бұрын

    I used this example a few times when I was teaching ambiguity. It's great watching 30 kids have absolutely no idea what to do with a sentence. You could almost watch their brains melting.

  • @KoyasuNoBara
    @KoyasuNoBara9 жыл бұрын

    It took me a long time to get the Hitchhiker's joke. I remember, years later, I was asleep, and someone in the dream said the joke...and I suddenly got it. When I woke up, I remembered the dream, and I understood the joke, so it wasn't even bizarre dream logic; the answer literally came to me in my sleep.

  • @karoel123

    @karoel123

    6 ай бұрын

    I don't get that joke

  • @KoyasuNoBara

    @KoyasuNoBara

    6 ай бұрын

    @@karoel123 "Being drunk" is initially assumed by the listener and the audience to mean "being intoxicated by alcohol." What the speaker _actually_ means is the past participle of "drink." As in, it feels unpleasantly as if someone is drinking you like a liquid.

  • @-Teague-

    @-Teague-

    6 ай бұрын

    ​@@KoyasuNoBarawow that's way more complex than I expected but I like it

  • @inthegrass11

    @inthegrass11

    5 ай бұрын

    ​@@-Teague- you get that a lot with Douglas Adams' work, it's great when you work the jokes out :)

  • @RobertRichardsakaRRRRIP
    @RobertRichardsakaRRRRIP9 жыл бұрын

    Reminds me of the joke in the movie Clue: Mrs. White: "... He didn't actually seem to like me very much. He had threatened to kill me in public." Miss Scarlet: "Why would he want to kill you in public?" Wadsworth: "I think she meant he threatened, in public, to kill her"

  • @loupetron

    @loupetron

    9 жыл бұрын

    Robert Richards I love that movie! There's a similar joke in one of the Dilbert Animated episodes from the 90s: "There a box by the elevator with your name on it." Dilbert responds, "Why is there an elevator with my name on it?"

  • @michaelocyoung

    @michaelocyoung

    7 ай бұрын

    "He chased after the dog in his pyjamas." "Why was the dog wearing his pyjamas?"@@loupetron

  • @CapriUni
    @CapriUni9 жыл бұрын

    Poets. Poets love ambiguity almost as much as linguists do. If you pick the right ambiguity, you've created something where both (all) your meanings make sense, and support each other, rather than fight each other.

  • @GillOfTheNorth

    @GillOfTheNorth

    3 жыл бұрын

    Isn't poetry just applied linguistics?

  • @lol...

    @lol...

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@GillOfTheNorth isn’t all of language applied linguistics?

  • @therealelement75

    @therealelement75

    6 ай бұрын

    I'm not a poet or a linguist, but I do like ambiguity more than linguists missed opportunity to say that "poets love ambiguity almost as much as linguists" but you probably didn't want ambiguity

  • @mandolinic
    @mandolinic8 жыл бұрын

    This job needs to be done badly, and I'm just the right person for it.

  • @TheWilyx

    @TheWilyx

    8 жыл бұрын

    +Mandolinic That's a good one ^^

  • @TimothyGreenTRiG

    @TimothyGreenTRiG

    7 жыл бұрын

    You could say that the job badly needs to be done, which resolves the ambiguity, but is far less fun.

  • @Max24871

    @Max24871

    7 жыл бұрын

    No ambiguity at all if you apply german logic.

  • @TheFansOfFiction

    @TheFansOfFiction

    6 ай бұрын

    This acrually has three interpretations 1) The job needs to be poorly done, and you are the person who should do it poorly. (My interpretation) 2) The job is in desperate need of being done, and you are the proper person to do it. 3) The job needs to be done poorly, and you are the right person to do the job properly, and therefore should not do it.

  • @tuxino
    @tuxino9 жыл бұрын

    This episode you also demonstrate why translation can be so very hard. Imagine having to translate the "drunk" joke from HGTTG to a language, which doesn't have the same word for the two meanings of drunk. It is impossible to create a set of sentences which both carry the same meanings and contain the same ambiguities. In such cases, the translator will often make up their own joke with a similar ambiguity, but entirely different meaning. Or, if they're lucky (and/or brilliant), they might find a way to rephrase it. One such example of brilliance is found in the Danish subtitles to the movie "The Mask" with Jim Carrey, when the dog has to get the keys, but bring back cheese. The translator used the words "Ruko" (a key manufacturer) and "Buko" (a cheese brand) and managed to preserve the pun.

  • @tuxino

    @tuxino

    9 жыл бұрын

    Björn P. I don't remember how the Danish translation dealt with that joke, but any strictly literal translation will work just as well in Danish as in German (ie. not at all).

  • @SetMyLife

    @SetMyLife

    9 жыл бұрын

    Ole Hansen Indeed, the "drunk" level ambiguity is quite language specific. I wouldnt be surprised if English were the only language with this specific case.

  • @ArturoStojanoff

    @ArturoStojanoff

    9 жыл бұрын

    Ole Hansen In Spanish there's a great one. At the end of the movie Aladdin by Disney (spoiler alert), Aladdin frees the genie. The genie makes a joke, seemingly not believing he's finally free and being in denial, he asks Aladdin to ask for the Nile. Aladdin asks for the Nile and the genie says "No way!" to show he's not really conflicted about being free, he's ecstatic about it. In Spanish "Ask for the Nile" would be "Pídeme el Nilo", "Nilo" meaning "Nile". And when Aladdin obliges, the genie says "Ni lo sueñes", which means "Don't even dream about it" or just "No way". "Nilo" sounds the same as "Ni lo" from "Ni lo sueñes". Another great one comes also from Disney. It's from "Finding Nemo". One character, Dory, is famous for being optimistic and carefree. At a certain moment, one of the characters is very worried, and Dory tells him not to worry, and that when life is hard what you have to do is sing a song that goes: "Just keep swimming, just keep swimming." In Spanish she tells him: "When life is hard you know what you have to do?" and she starts singing the song which they translate as "Nadaermos, nadaremos", which means "We'll swim, we'll swim". The joke is that in Spanish "Nadaremos" sounds like "Nada haremos" (the h is silent so the two "a"s kind of merge), which means "We'll do nothing". It's amusing because it's almost as saying that when life is hard what you have to do is nothing.

  • @tuxino

    @tuxino

    9 жыл бұрын

    Arturo Stojanoff In the Aladdin example, that looks like a case of a play on words, which happens to survive the translation process mostly intact. In English "the Nile" sounds very much like "denial". From your description, it sounds like it was a rather straight forward translation, which just happened to have a very similar joke, and not so much the result of a translator struggling for hours to come up with a good translation. Then again, I don't know Spanish, so I only have your description to go on.

  • @TheTornado121

    @TheTornado121

    9 жыл бұрын

    Basically why every original English sitcom completely sucks in any other language

  • @Zapetroid
    @Zapetroid9 жыл бұрын

    Linguist here. 1. "The old man the boat," is to be deconstructed as such: "(The old) (man) (the boat)." Subject-verb-object. Think about this sentence as the answer to the question, "Who mans the boat?" 2. "Fat people eat accumulates," can be more easily understandable by adding the conjunction "that" between "fat" and "people." In English, this conjunction is able to be omitted if the speaker desires. So the sentence becomes "Fat that people eat accumulates." Think of this sentence as the answer to the question, "What accumulates?" 3. "The raft floated down the river sank," is a little trickier. "The raft" is the subject of the sentence, the verb is "sank," not "floated." "Floated down the river" is actually a postpositive adjective phrase comprised of a past participle verb acting as a modifier, "floated." In English, to float not only means to be buoyant, but also to cause something to be buoyant. For example, "I floated a toy boat in the pool." A postpositive adjective (or adjective phrase) is placed after the noun it modifies instead of before it. Take this sentence as an example: "I am the one sent to kill you." Its meaning is very clear. "I am the one WHO WAS sent to kill you." Adding optional parentheses also helps. So, the sentence becomes "The raft (that was floated down the river) sank." Think of this sentence as the answer to the question, "What sank?" 4. "The complex houses married and single soldiers and their families," can be deconstructed the same way "The old man the boat," can: "(The complex) (houses) (married and single soldiers and their families)." "The complex" is the subject, "houses" is the verb, and "married and single soldiers and their families" is the object. It can be made more clear by replacing "houses" with "provides shelter for." Consider this sentence the answer to the questions, "The complex houses whom?" or "Whom does the complex house?"

  • @peterfordyce7003

    @peterfordyce7003

    6 жыл бұрын

    Thank you!!!!

  • @marekmichalovic8711

    @marekmichalovic8711

    6 жыл бұрын

    Thanks, this helped me!

  • @MrCmon113

    @MrCmon113

    6 жыл бұрын

    Thr fourth took me way too long.

  • @the.abhiram.r

    @the.abhiram.r

    5 жыл бұрын

    What is "The old"

  • @otto_jk

    @otto_jk

    5 жыл бұрын

    @@jakesanchard461 shouldn't you have exclamation when the sentence has a command?

  • @KasabianFan44
    @KasabianFan448 жыл бұрын

    "Big rig carrying fruit crashes on 210 Freeway, creates jam"

  • @Rdac0

    @Rdac0

    8 жыл бұрын

    hahahha

  • @mariuszj3826

    @mariuszj3826

    8 жыл бұрын

    Bad Dum Tsss.

  • @SomeRandomFellow

    @SomeRandomFellow

    7 жыл бұрын

    thats a pareker square of a headline

  • @Dhdjksjsnsnsnnsnsna

    @Dhdjksjsnsnsnnsnsna

    7 жыл бұрын

    Is this one of those puns that don't work with AmE? Americans call jam, jelly if I'm not wrong.

  • @GacPrime

    @GacPrime

    7 жыл бұрын

    Jam and Jelly are two different things in AmE. Jelly is more consistent (having been strained), while jam is usually... well, chunkier, I guess? Not really solid chunks, bu you get the gist.

  • @Saplingbat
    @Saplingbat4 жыл бұрын

    "I don't know can you?" "Yes I can" *walks out* A couple of times of doing that and they stopped. You see you can teach them just as easily as they teach you if you're stubborn enough.

  • @thrownstair

    @thrownstair

    3 жыл бұрын

    “Watch me!”

  • @jonb4155

    @jonb4155

    3 жыл бұрын

    The correct response is "Probably, but you'll have to wait until the end of the lesson to find out."

  • @flaetsbnort

    @flaetsbnort

    2 жыл бұрын

    The best part is that, from a linguist viewpoint, that's absolutely the correct action

  • @s6th795
    @s6th7957 жыл бұрын

    The "complex houses" sentence is a particularly tricky one to understand because Tom, right before showing us the sentence, said "complicated". Because he used the word complicated as an adjective rather than a verb, it leads our brain to believe that its synonym, complex, will be an adjective as well. Well played, Tom!

  • @lukasg4807

    @lukasg4807

    Жыл бұрын

    That's the only one the whole video I understood

  • @norude

    @norude

    8 ай бұрын

    Not sure it works that way, but ok

  • @iLikeTheUDK
    @iLikeTheUDK7 жыл бұрын

    There's also the famous headline that allegedly appeared on an English-speaking newspaper in one of the world wars: "Allied Army Push Bottles up German Rear".

  • @adammullarkey4996

    @adammullarkey4996

    7 жыл бұрын

    Out of interest, what was "bottles" actually supposed to mean?

  • @uhPrize

    @uhPrize

    7 жыл бұрын

    Pretty sure in this context it means they were forced into a defensive position or "trapped"

  • @adammullarkey4996

    @adammullarkey4996

    7 жыл бұрын

    uhPrize Shouldn't that be "bottled up," rather than "push bottles?"

  • @michael_betts

    @michael_betts

    7 жыл бұрын

    The allied army pushed forward, and that bottled up the German rear.

  • @HazardousMoose

    @HazardousMoose

    7 жыл бұрын

    "Allied Army Push" as an acting noun. What did the "allied army push" do? It "bottled up" the German rear. Now because when the headline was written it was happening, so present, and it's a 3rd person singular you add "s" to the verb, hence: Allied army push bottles up German rear...

  • @tylerborgard8805
    @tylerborgard88056 жыл бұрын

    Here's a sentence I came up with (and yes, it's grammatically correct): The restaurant from which the food critic hired by the business from which the store the manager my friend works for owns is across the street bought a cookie the baker my daughter married five years ago made is closed.

  • @quentindiaz3921

    @quentindiaz3921

    3 жыл бұрын

    So. The restaurant from which the food critic bought a cookie closed. That food critic was hired by the business whose store is across the street, and said store happens to be owned by your friend's manager. Coincidentally, that cookie was made by the baker who married your daughter five years ago :)

  • @TheFansOfFiction

    @TheFansOfFiction

    6 ай бұрын

    Actually, it is grammatically incorrect. Punctuation is a vital aspect of grammar.

  • @Ekvitarius
    @Ekvitarius8 жыл бұрын

    My friend made me a watch Now I'm forever stuck to his arm.

  • @mantictac

    @mantictac

    8 жыл бұрын

    My friend _made_ me A WATCH: Past tense, the speaker's friend has compiled a clock device for the speaker. My friend _made ME_ [a watch]: Past tense, the speaker's friend has transformed the speaker into a clock device.

  • @gideonroos1188

    @gideonroos1188

    8 жыл бұрын

    Which is why most people would suggest adding 'into' since that would indicate turning you into a watch, whilst as it stands there it indicates that a watch was made for you.

  • @gideonroos1188

    @gideonroos1188

    8 жыл бұрын

    This is also a good example of how intonation and stress can clear up the meaning of a sentence where certain modal words are lacking. In example two where you provide possible intonation, it is lacking the preposition 'into' which would allow you to properly interpret that meaning even without the intonation. But thanks to intonation in normal speech, 'into' can be omitted. The ambiguity, then, comes in when the sentence is written down - a medium where intonation and stress cannot generally be indicated (without using phonetic text, of course) - without the necessary preposition. This demonstrates how, though modal words and word categories do not independently, or inherently carry meaning, they still help to determine which of the multiple meanings are intended in sentences.

  • @WilliametcCook

    @WilliametcCook

    6 жыл бұрын

    People were were telling me that my wife was a witch. I said no, and tried to think of something a normal wife would do. I told her to "Make me a sandwich." (Not the best, I know) And then POOF I was a sandwich.

  • @IrvingIV

    @IrvingIV

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@mantictac Timepiece: _N_ A device which is used to track the passage of time.

  • @serhii_himself
    @serhii_himself3 жыл бұрын

    I needed to re-watch three times to realize that "You ask a glass of water" means you consult a glass of water, not that you request a glass of water 😂

  • @InventorZahran

    @InventorZahran

    3 жыл бұрын

    Even "you ask *for* a glass of water" is ambiguous. It could mean "you ask on the behalf of a glass of water", "you request a glass of water", or "you ask because of a glass of water".

  • @flaetsbnort

    @flaetsbnort

    2 жыл бұрын

    the rare case of the ambiguous disambiguity

  • @ihopeicanchangethisnamelat7108

    @ihopeicanchangethisnamelat7108

    6 ай бұрын

    I interpreted it as you ask a glass of water the question ‘what’s so bad about being drunk?’ with the humour coming from the fact that being drunk has caused you to be so out of it you’re talking to an inanimate object and don’t realise that that is the problem.

  • @joefolsom6755
    @joefolsom67558 жыл бұрын

    I thought of this one a couple weeks ago when it happened to me: "I hate stepping in water with socks." 1)The most obvious one. 2) Socks accompany me (a.k.a are part of the subject of the sentence) in the stepping in of water, which I hate. 3)The water is the one with socks, not I.

  • @Faerie0Rae

    @Faerie0Rae

    8 жыл бұрын

    +Joe Folsom Nothing to do with linguistics, but I also hate getting my socks wet. Ugh!

  • @KnakuanaRka

    @KnakuanaRka

    7 жыл бұрын

    Joe Folsom I saw him with the binoculars. Who had the binoculars?

  • @veggiet2009
    @veggiet20099 жыл бұрын

    Hey! I love ambiguity more than most people!

  • @Jothamvvw

    @Jothamvvw

    9 жыл бұрын

    veggiet2009 So you really hate most people?

  • @otocan

    @otocan

    8 жыл бұрын

    +veggiet2009 YESSS

  • @mrWade101

    @mrWade101

    8 жыл бұрын

    +otocan Or maybe he just loves ambiguity more than how much most people love it

  • @kalebbruwer

    @kalebbruwer

    7 жыл бұрын

    I was never a people's person.

  • @DanB-sh3wt

    @DanB-sh3wt

    6 жыл бұрын

    veggiet2009 do you mean you love it more than you love most people, or you love it more than most people love it?

  • @neonicplays
    @neonicplays4 жыл бұрын

    1:08 “You’ve heard the old joke that goes, two drums and a cymbal fall off a cliff”

  • @ferofax
    @ferofax8 жыл бұрын

    Jesus Christ, it's been years since I've read Hitchhiker's Guide but only now did I get that drunk joke. "You ask a glass of water." Yeah, I probably wouldn't have liked it if somebody drank me.

  • @intan4722

    @intan4722

    8 жыл бұрын

    OOOOH.

  • @krafuna

    @krafuna

    8 жыл бұрын

    I don´t get it!! help please!! I saw the movie... but I never read the book... :( i´m sorryyy... and i´m not a native speaker... :(... so I´m lost in translation... bad pun

  • @benjaminnewington9099

    @benjaminnewington9099

    8 жыл бұрын

    "Being drunk" can mean being consumed, or being intoxicated. The joke is that most people assume it means being intoxicated in that context. When the text actually means being consumed, and the glass of water would not enjoy being consumed.

  • @ferofax

    @ferofax

    8 жыл бұрын

    YEP! Although I'm not really sure if it's supposed to be "drunk" or "drank", but the latter would lose the pun. Although... an Overly Attached Water would enjoy it. Just imagine. "Drink me. SO I CAN BE INSIDE YOU." XD

  • @NoriMori1992

    @NoriMori1992

    8 жыл бұрын

    +ferofax "Drank" is the past participle, not the past tense, so it wouldn't be correct.

  • @thegamingteen44mc5
    @thegamingteen44mc5 Жыл бұрын

    This reminds me of the sign “if your dog does a poo please put it in the litter bin”, often coupled with dogs being shoved in the bin because the “it” wasn’t specified

  • @lewisfilby2394
    @lewisfilby23947 жыл бұрын

    Blizzard's Overwatch honours fan killed in tragic accident with touching in-game Easter egg

  • @OttoPussner

    @OttoPussner

    7 жыл бұрын

    That's a really great one, very misleading.

  • @AllHailZeppelin

    @AllHailZeppelin

    7 жыл бұрын

    That means "Blizzard's Overwatch honours a fan, killed in a tragic accident, with a touching in-game Easter egg"... right?

  • @iLikeTheUDK

    @iLikeTheUDK

    7 жыл бұрын

    I don't get the ambiguity here, though.

  • @OttoPussner

    @OttoPussner

    7 жыл бұрын

    iLikeTheUDK well it could mean that the easter egg killed the fan in a tragic accident, or it could mean that blizzard touched an ingame easter egg in the fan's honour.

  • @userPrehistoricman

    @userPrehistoricman

    6 жыл бұрын

    Blizzard's Overwatch honours fan, killed in tragic accident with touching, in-game Easter egg. The dead fan is awarded an Easter egg after they died due to touching.

  • @lolmassimo
    @lolmassimo4 жыл бұрын

    "Can I go to the bathroom?" "I don't know, can you?" "I don't know either but I'll try and let you know"

  • @AceHawk37
    @AceHawk379 жыл бұрын

    I certainly wouldn't call the jokes in this video bad. A better word would be dry, which I think matches the subject very well and actually serve for good examples of each type of ambiguity. Great video Tom!

  • @NotSoHeavyD3
    @NotSoHeavyD38 жыл бұрын

    My personal favorite is one "There is no question that's a stupid question" and "There is no question, that's a stupid question" which turn out to have very different meanings.

  • @JassenValentinovNede
    @JassenValentinovNede9 жыл бұрын

    The good thing about English is that it's easy and simple. The bad thing about English is that it's easy and simple.

  • @JassenValentinovNede

    @JassenValentinovNede

    9 жыл бұрын

    Michael Sawyer​ I'm not, I've just noticed it. But, I'm pretty good with languages (I translate as a job) in general and I also speak 4 so yeah ;D

  • @JassenValentinovNede

    @JassenValentinovNede

    9 жыл бұрын

    Hmmmm.....

  • @gustavhl7684

    @gustavhl7684

    9 жыл бұрын

    ***** Why don't you just go ahead and learn, say, Navajo with its famously difficult grammar...

  • @someyoutubecommenter3974

    @someyoutubecommenter3974

    9 жыл бұрын

    Jessy Nedelchev Question: what languages are you comparing English to? That is, what are the other 3 languages that you speak?

  • @JassenValentinovNede

    @JassenValentinovNede

    9 жыл бұрын

    Some KZread Commenter​Japanese, German and Bulgarian

  • @lnteIIigence
    @lnteIIigence4 жыл бұрын

    Crash blossoms are areas where nice flowers have grown on ground made fertile by the blood that has seeped from the corpses of crash victims.

  • @LimeGreenTeknii
    @LimeGreenTeknii9 жыл бұрын

    I have another example of structural ambiguity!! In Never Gonna Give You Up, the first line is "We're no strangers to love." I thought "to love" was an infinitive, not a prepositional phrase. Basically, I thought "love" was acting as a verb here, not a noun. I didn't quite get what he meant. It sounded like he was saying that he wasn't a stranger whom his partner is supposed to love. That makes him a boyfriend/husband to love?

  • @WildBluntHickok

    @WildBluntHickok

    4 жыл бұрын

    I would've thought the alternate meaning would be "neither one of us are the kind of people anyone should be dating".

  • @sciblastofficial9833

    @sciblastofficial9833

    3 жыл бұрын

    We are familiar with the act of loving. You know the rules, and so do I

  • @caramelldansen2204

    @caramelldansen2204

    2 жыл бұрын

    we are strangers not to be loved

  • @Nazuiko

    @Nazuiko

    6 ай бұрын

    @@sciblastofficial9833 We are familiar with the act of loving. You are aware of the objectives and restrictions; I am too. Absolute devotion is the concept in my mind. This is not something you would receive from men aside from myself.

  • @MrNacknime
    @MrNacknime9 жыл бұрын

    Numberphile brought me to Computerphile. Computerphile brought me to you. You brought me the awesomest vids ever.

  • @stocktonjoans
    @stocktonjoans9 жыл бұрын

    What is this language called "children" you will be discussing in the next video (along with other languages like it) and why can't adults learn it? ;)

  • @noamtashma2859

    @noamtashma2859

    9 жыл бұрын

    But what is this thing called "Languages" that adults can't learn? Why? (It starts with a capital letter so it cannot be some sort of name. Can't be just the plain word)

  • @MegaLoler9000

    @MegaLoler9000

    9 жыл бұрын

    ***** XD It's also missing an r

  • @noamtashma2859

    @noamtashma2859

    9 жыл бұрын

    ***** of course, but I can interpret the sentence however I want I'm a free bad joke maker, and I do I!

  • @MeteorG100

    @MeteorG100

    8 жыл бұрын

    +Noam Tashma It's a title, so the capital L is justified.

  • @NoriMori1992

    @NoriMori1992

    8 жыл бұрын

    This actually made me laugh. Thanks!

  • @RoflZack
    @RoflZack9 жыл бұрын

    On a long bus ride I looked out the window and read the first bit of a sign. All I managed to read was the first sentence: "You'll never regret loving this much" I thought the ambiguity in that one was quite poetic. It's interesting to note peoples first instinctual interpretation of that one.

  • @LimeGreenTeknii
    @LimeGreenTeknii9 жыл бұрын

    I'm loving that you're making more language file videos! As for the next one about adults learning languages like children, I heard that they can; it's just adults have less free time to learn and get more discouraged by failures. Also, kids learning Kanji learn Kanji with more strokes but with simple meanings. For example, a 10 stroke Kanji might mean dog or sky or something so they start there. However, if you're an adult, you might want to start with one stroke Kanji and work your way up, even if they mean things like vicarious or liability or something, since you already know what those words mean. It's like how drink and carefree are longer words than chug and blithe, even though they are more common and have simpler meanings.

  • @eNSWE

    @eNSWE

    9 жыл бұрын

    LimeGreenTeknii dog is 犬 though ^^ mayber you're thinking of cat, 猫

  • @TaiFerret

    @TaiFerret

    8 жыл бұрын

    eNSWE Dog can also be 狗 though. I'm not sure how much it is used compared to 犬 though.

  • @curtismmichaels
    @curtismmichaels Жыл бұрын

    I was 15 when I read the Hitchhiker's Guide, about the time it was released. That joke got lost in my young pedantry and so I gave it no more thought after a moment of puzzling thoughts. I was 30 when, walking down the street, it hit me. I laughed like a maniac.

  • @anarfox
    @anarfox9 жыл бұрын

    In Swedish (and I guess some other languages as well), parts of a sentence that are pronounced as one word are also written as one word. So for instance, crash site would be crashsite. This helps with some of the ambiguity, but also adds a layer of head ache for those learning Swedish that aren't grown up with it, since the placement of the space can change the meaning of the sentence when you add homonyms. For instance "Fryst kycklinglever" means "Frozen chicken liver", but "Fryst kyckling lever" means "Frozen chicken lives" since "lever" can mean both "liver" and "lives"

  • @Limbomber
    @Limbomber9 жыл бұрын

    Loved how you plugged in discrete math in a video about language haha

  • @rcnrbn

    @rcnrbn

    9 жыл бұрын

    bomber1452 Math is a language. My favorite example of this is: Why does a negative times a negative equal a positive? Because 'there ain't no way' means there is a way.

  • @eNSWE

    @eNSWE

    9 жыл бұрын

    bomber1452 it's not discrete maths, those symbols come from logic or set theory and are used in just about evvery field of mathematics.

  • @Limbomber

    @Limbomber

    9 жыл бұрын

    eNSWE Well I just took a semester of discrete math in college that's where I came across the universal quantifiers and such it was interesting seeing it used in this video.

  • @superkom01

    @superkom01

    9 жыл бұрын

    bomber1452 Commonly in linguistics, first order logic is used to represent the meaning of a sentence. This is very common in things like semantic parsing, where you try and parse a sentence to understand its meaning. For example if you were giving a set of instructions to a robot in some natural language, you would want to convert it into some language that the robot could understand. Very interesting field :)

  • @eNSWE

    @eNSWE

    9 жыл бұрын

    recently took a class in formal languages and abstract machines (it dealt with finite state machines, grammar, regular languages and so on). that also contained some set theory and logical proofs, although I'm sure it would have been a lot more if it wasn't just an intro course.

  • @NightmareQueenJune
    @NightmareQueenJune8 жыл бұрын

    In German: Wir essen jetzt, Opa! = Grandpa we are going to eat now! Wir essen jetzt Opa! = We are going to eat grandpa!

  • @joshuahadams

    @joshuahadams

    8 жыл бұрын

    Same in English. •"Let's eat, Grandpa!" A declaration of desire to partake a meal with your grandfather. •"Let's eat Grandpa! A declaration of desire to commit patricide and cannibalism.

  • @rjfaber1991

    @rjfaber1991

    7 жыл бұрын

    +Josh Adams - Wouldn't it be something like "magnapatricide"?

  • @kisakisakura6663

    @kisakisakura6663

    7 жыл бұрын

    Also wonderful when people forget the capital letter at the beginning of some words...

  • @ID-107

    @ID-107

    7 жыл бұрын

    Like in "I helped my uncle Jack off the horse" vs. "I helped my uncle jack off the horse", right?

  • @KnakuanaRka

    @KnakuanaRka

    7 жыл бұрын

    Max Power Let's eat(,) Grandpa!

  • @atallsteve
    @atallsteve4 жыл бұрын

    1:46 In german there is a simillar sentence. Wenn Fliegen hinter Fliegen fliegen, fliegen Fliegen Fliegen nach. It means: When flys fly behind flys, flys fly after flys. (literallly: When fly behind flys fly, fly flys flys after.)

  • @dontspikemydrink9382

    @dontspikemydrink9382

    Жыл бұрын

    dutch too

  • @wcbfg
    @wcbfg9 жыл бұрын

    I teach a linguistic class, and structural ambiguity is the part most students struggle with, but I find it fascinating (even though I'm not a native English speaker). Here are some more classic examples: The horse raced past the barn fell. The British left waffles on the Falkland Islands. Two sisters reunited after 18 years at checkout counter.

  • @wcbfg

    @wcbfg

    3 жыл бұрын

    @Michael Darrow “Left" can be either past tense of "leave" or the political left (as a noun); "waffles" can be either the food or a verb meaning not being able to decide.

  • @Nabend1402
    @Nabend14023 жыл бұрын

    You gave a Douglas Adams joke a sarcastic rim shot and I've never been so offended in my life!

  • @stevenwalker7081
    @stevenwalker70813 жыл бұрын

    The hypnotic talents of Milton Erickson. Being "artfully vague"

  • @neeneko
    @neeneko9 жыл бұрын

    Extreme cases aside, I wonder how much easier or harder ambiguity is in different languages. I can recall chatting with people who studied parsers for Russian for instance and they were saying that its structure made it much easier for pulling meaning out automatically than english. Japanese also seemed easier with all those wonderful particles marking which parts of a sentence are doing what.

  • @falconbanshee

    @falconbanshee

    9 жыл бұрын

    neeneko I can vouch for afrikaanse being easier too

  • @neeneko

    @neeneko

    9 жыл бұрын

    Zander Meiring That is not something I have heard before. Neat ^_^

  • @ericrevollo

    @ericrevollo

    9 жыл бұрын

    neeneko having verb conjugations that show who are you talking about in a sentence where the subject is followed by a bunch of other words, adding information on the sucbject and some times clauses and such, can be quite helpful.

  • @chylex

    @chylex

    9 жыл бұрын

    neeneko I think all Slavic languages are similar in this regard, in Czech I can't recall seeing any ambiguity recently. There can be ambiguity, but for ex. unlike English, we have much stricter rules for using commas to avoid it. Some words also have the same meaning (not "buffalo" level though), but you just get it from the context. Perhaps most ambiguities come from different dialects, of which we have many because the language is extremely flexible (so you get different parts of the country changing suffixes, parts of words, prepositions) and people even write in different "versions" of Czech, which is not gramatically correct and can get confusing.

  • @ArgoIo

    @ArgoIo

    9 жыл бұрын

    neeneko German has a couple of rules, which may help a little with structural ambiguities. But in most cases, they just make everything overly complicated. Might it be grammatical constructs, such as the cases, strict interpunctuation rules or orthographic oddities.

  • @void2258
    @void22585 жыл бұрын

    This is also sometimes called the Morian comma, after the instructions for getting into the Mines of Moria in the Lord of the Rings.

  • @thriftedjumper8767
    @thriftedjumper87674 жыл бұрын

    Can I go to the bathroom? "I don't know, *can* you?" Well, while I am hypothetically physically capable of standing up and walking to the bathroom, I would not have a hall pass. Consequently, I would likely be stopped on my way to the bathroom by a hall-monitor- who would then, rightfully, send me back to class before I could actually arrive in the bathroom. Therefore, no; I cannot go to the bathroom. That is, unless you give me permission, and subsequently a hall pass. This is always the response I want to give. Oh, how I wish I wasn't so shy...

  • @jonb4155

    @jonb4155

    3 жыл бұрын

    Speaking as a retired English teacher, you would immediately have become my favourite student had you given that response. It shows an understanding of the point of the "joke", therefore understanding of the grammar.

  • @NikolajLepka
    @NikolajLepka9 жыл бұрын

    most of those garden path sentences could easily have avoided ambiguity by adding a "that" into them The old man the boat -> The old THAT man the boat Fat people eat accumulates -> Fat THAT people eat, accumulates The raft floated down the river sank -> The raft THAT floated down the river, sank The complex houses married and single soldiers and their families -> The complex THAT houses married and single soldiers, and their families

  • @glaceacute

    @glaceacute

    9 жыл бұрын

    Nikolaj Lepka I agree with you on 2 and 3 but in the way you presented it, the first and fourth examples aren't really sentences, just subjects. I'd phrase it better as "The old are the ones who man the boat." and "The complex is what houses married and single soldiers and their families." You are right though, a majority of the garden path sentences I've seen are just ones missing "that" and a comma, and have the exact same overall sentence structure.

  • @NikolajLepka

    @NikolajLepka

    9 жыл бұрын

    DiEvAlDiEvAl "the old (people) that man the boat" It's very much a sentence

  • @abcdefghilihgfedcba

    @abcdefghilihgfedcba

    9 жыл бұрын

    Nikolaj Lepka Thank you for writing that down, while watching the video I literally had no idea what that was even saying, didn’t even look like English to me. After reading them for a bit I understood the intended meaning now.

  • @ArturoStojanoff

    @ArturoStojanoff

    9 жыл бұрын

    Nikolaj Lepka In fact, I feel like some of these "that"'s are mandatory. Like the one about the raft. Can you really say that? Do people actually omit that "that"??

  • @umchoyka

    @umchoyka

    9 жыл бұрын

    Nikolaj Lepka It's not a sentence. Once you add "that", the "that man the boat" part becomes essentially an adjective describing "the old". This leaves you with no verb and thus a sentence fragment.

  • @KelnelK
    @KelnelK4 жыл бұрын

    Thinking in terms of sentence diagramming helps reading comprehension for really dense and wordy sentences like those you get in legal documents. It also helps with foreign language learning skills if you have a framework in which to understand grammatical concepts. I'm glad I learned it in school, I don't see why UK schools wouldn't teach it.

  • @ihathtelekinesis
    @ihathtelekinesis9 жыл бұрын

    Married and single soldiers, together with their families, are housed in the complex.

  • @MaraK_dialmformara
    @MaraK_dialmformara9 жыл бұрын

    I don't consider learning to diagram sentences weird. What's weird is how much I enjoyed diagramming sentences in middle and high school. That's part of how I figured out I wanted to be a linguist.

  • @GibusWearingMann
    @GibusWearingMann6 жыл бұрын

    Fun fact: The word "buffalo", any number of times in a row, always makes a valid sentence. "Buffalo" is a command for you to bully someone, "Buffalo buffalo" commands you to bully bison, "Buffalo Buffalo buffalo" commands you to bully New York bison, "Buffalo buffalo buffalo buffalo" means New York bison bully other bison, etc. This also works for a few other words, like "can" (meaning "is able to", "put in the trash", or "Can can" the dance) and "police" (meaning to enforce rules, or the people who enforce such rules (optionally on other such people, as in "Police police")).

  • @InventorZahran

    @InventorZahran

    3 жыл бұрын

    Police police police policy. (Police officers enforce the police's policy.)

  • @flaetsbnort

    @flaetsbnort

    2 жыл бұрын

    Not any number of times: there is a limit after which it stops making sense. I think the limit is Buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo buffalo.

  • @the711devin4
    @the711devin43 жыл бұрын

    Glad to have learned English as my native language, it’s basically like learning three languages, but you have no idea which one you’re learning at a given time.

  • @toranine09
    @toranine09 Жыл бұрын

    this is where we get those gags like "road work ahead? i sure hope it does" and "you're telling me a shrimp fried this rice?"

  • @frizzank
    @frizzank3 жыл бұрын

    I enjoy asking people "Can I ask a question?" "Yes" "That was the question"

  • @someopinion2846

    @someopinion2846

    3 жыл бұрын

    "Can I ask a question?" "You just did".

  • @teg24601
    @teg246019 жыл бұрын

    Awesome! This is one of my strongest arguments for the use of the oxford/serial comma.

  • @ardeahem
    @ardeahem9 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for making more linguistic videos. They have always been my favorites.

  • @TheKacperuss
    @TheKacperuss7 жыл бұрын

    You can't imagine how much your language videos are fascinating for someone, who's not a native speaker of English, like me.

  • @TheKulakovs
    @TheKulakovs9 жыл бұрын

    Tom, this is great stuff. You are one of the few KZread channels, that produce great content so consistently. I remember when you only had just a few views per channel. Keep up the good work!

  • @dublowduck7823
    @dublowduck78237 жыл бұрын

    2:00 it took me four years after reading the book and watching this video TWICE to get that joke!

  • @mads_in_zero

    @mads_in_zero

    4 жыл бұрын

    Same! Reminds me of The Far Side (I distinctly remember finally understanding one of the punchlines while in the shower) I love it when a joke takes a while to settle, it's such a nice feeling when you get it, years later.

  • @NovaAge
    @NovaAge3 жыл бұрын

    Here in Turkey we have "Oku baban gibi eşşek olma" If you read it as "Oku baban gibi, eşşek olma", it becomes "Read like your dad, don't become a donkey" However, if you read it as "Oku, baban gibi eşşek olma", it means "Read, don't become a donkey like your dad"

  • @aliwhite6541
    @aliwhite65419 жыл бұрын

    Tom Scott never fails. Thanks for another fascinating video!

  • @CandlestickEdward
    @CandlestickEdward9 жыл бұрын

    Love your videos, just a quick tip. You may wish to align your written commentary with the top of the screen rather than the bottom, that way it wont be written over by KZreads' subtitles. As always, look forward to seeing more from you.

  • @WryAun
    @WryAun4 жыл бұрын

    Nice work remembering to flip your gestures to match our left-to-right reading, it's your attention to detail I really admire!

  • @zevalon
    @zevalon9 жыл бұрын

    It's great that you're doing language videos again. I've loved Things You Might Not Know, but I initially subscribed after your first run of language videos hoping for more.

  • @shafey
    @shafey9 жыл бұрын

    "What's so wrong about being drunk? You ask a glass of water." This is IMPOSSIBLE to translate into Arabic.

  • @black_platypus

    @black_platypus

    9 жыл бұрын

    أحمد الشافعى Well, many languages I guess. It's quite peculiar to have the same word for... being inebriated and being ingested :)

  • @gideonroos1188
    @gideonroos11888 жыл бұрын

    Ah, the sentence tree diagrams. I actually wrote my second year linguistics exam on this just two weeks ago. Love them.

  • @dielaughing73

    @dielaughing73

    3 жыл бұрын

    I've always wondered why people online knew how to do it and I didn't. Not being American explains it.

  • @110110010
    @1101100109 жыл бұрын

    The 'more complex one' was actually the easiest one for me to comprehend. Great video!

  • @scarletevans4474
    @scarletevans4474 Жыл бұрын

    That was so amazing! ♥ I spend like 2 hours on this ~5 minutes long video, doing extensive research and googling in the meantime and learned so much from it! Thank you! Please, consider making more of linguistic videos!

  • @sporkafife
    @sporkafife9 жыл бұрын

    Loved the last series, this one has been great so far too :)

  • @drops2cents260
    @drops2cents2607 жыл бұрын

    1:07 "Two Drums and a Cymbal Fall off a Cliff" ^^

  • @Zimpfnis
    @Zimpfnis9 жыл бұрын

    This probably my favourite among your videos. I had to skip back and pause so often!

  • @goddess026
    @goddess0269 жыл бұрын

    I love these types of videos, and please, do make more! I'm always interested in learning more about the English language

  • @samramdebest
    @samramdebest9 жыл бұрын

    as English is not my native language this is very confusing.

  • @IceMetalPunk

    @IceMetalPunk

    9 жыл бұрын

    samramdebest As English is my native language, this is still somewhat confusing XD Buffalo buffalo...

  • @bulman07

    @bulman07

    9 жыл бұрын

    +IceMetalPunk Buffalo buffalo buffalo, buffalo buffalo. Buffalo?

  • @IceMetalPunk

    @IceMetalPunk

    9 жыл бұрын

    Andrew Bulman Boofalloo?

  • @bulman07

    @bulman07

    9 жыл бұрын

    IceMetalPunk Boofalooga buffalo boofa buff. Buffalo buffaloog?

  • @IceMetalPunk

    @IceMetalPunk

    9 жыл бұрын

    Andrew Bulman I feel like we're creating a strange new language that's an odd mix of Ook! and Judoon...

  • @Sander_Datema
    @Sander_Datema8 жыл бұрын

    All the faith he had had had had no effect on the outcome of his life. (no, I didn't had too many times...)

  • @gideonroos1188

    @gideonroos1188

    8 жыл бұрын

    You missed a comma, though. Generally finite verbs, i.e. clauses, are separated by a comma. So this would make more sense: All the faith he had had, had had no effect on the outcome of his life.

  • @Sander_Datema

    @Sander_Datema

    8 жыл бұрын

    +Derelict Friend The comma is not required, is it? It would make it much too easy to read :)

  • @gideonroos1188

    @gideonroos1188

    8 жыл бұрын

    Sander Datema It's not required per se, it's just the standard practise.

  • @Sander_Datema

    @Sander_Datema

    7 жыл бұрын

    +red_samurai ctrl+v and ctrl+c are not in standard English.

  • @Sander_Datema

    @Sander_Datema

    7 жыл бұрын

    wut

  • @horseenthusiast1250
    @horseenthusiast12505 жыл бұрын

    My Yurok teacher says that Yurok is such a specific language, it’s hard to lie convincingly in it. It’ll be interesting as I get more fluent to see what kinds of ambiguities exist in it!

  • @d.lawrencemiller5755
    @d.lawrencemiller57553 жыл бұрын

    God damn it I've been rewatching this video for years in order to refer back to it and JUST NOW got the final joke. Dammit Tom you're too clever for me!

  • @vunga8195
    @vunga81953 жыл бұрын

    "Police police Police police police Police Police police" -Michael Stevens like 2012 or something

  • @sciblastofficial9833

    @sciblastofficial9833

    3 жыл бұрын

    "Who watches the Watchmen?" Police Police (hereafter "Police^2"), who Police Police Police ("Police^3") watch over, themselves watch over normal Police. In order: Normal police are watched over by Police^2. Police^2, in return, are watched over by Police^3. Or, I like how Half as Interesting (another channel) put it. In Poland, there is a town called Police. This means the sentence now means: The town of Police is watched over by the police forces of the town Police. These polices forces are then watched over by the Police^2 of Police, aka "Police police of Police"/"Police police police"

  • @TeamFlamingStones
    @TeamFlamingStones9 жыл бұрын

    This got me interested in knowing whether a non-native English speaker in general has the same way of solving these problems as a native speaker... I consider myself more fluent than most Norwegians, yet some of those ambiguities passed me by completely before you mentioned anything, and others took me ages to figure out. I bet there's some element of standard syntax that our brains learn to think in the lines of or something, which would differ from language to language. Or, I'm basing this on a horribly subjective case study, without any scientific value whatsoever.

  • @charles7623
    @charles76238 ай бұрын

    classic example from swedish. "storkrock på E4" (E4 is a european highway) can either mean "big crash (stor-krock) on the E4" or "stork rock (stork-rock) on the E4" (rock as in the music)

  • @argh523
    @argh5239 жыл бұрын

    Yay! New Language Files! These are some of my favourit videos of yours

  • @inathh5243
    @inathh52437 жыл бұрын

    James while John had had had had had had had had had had had a better effect on the teacher. Go home English language, you're drunk.

  • @inathh5243

    @inathh5243

    7 жыл бұрын

    For those wondering: On some form of test or quiz, John wrote down "had" which was grammatically incorrect, whilst James wrote "had had". James, while John had had "had", had had "had had"; "had had" had had a better effect on the teacher. James, while John wrote "had", [James] wrote "had had"; [James' answer of] "had had" had had a better effect on the teacher. Note the semi-colon to seperate clauses. :)

  • @Max24871

    @Max24871

    7 жыл бұрын

    Wow.

  • @TheMoonRover

    @TheMoonRover

    7 жыл бұрын

    You've got to admit it seems *just a little* bit contrived. All the "had"s had had me going mad for a few minutes there until I figured it out. It reminds me of a line in one of the Hitchhikers' Guide to the Galaxy books, which refers to "a labyrinthine string of negatives," except this would be a labyrinthine string of hads. James, while John had had "had," had had "had had;" "had had" had had a better effect on the teacher.

  • @inathh5243

    @inathh5243

    7 жыл бұрын

    TheMoonRover No, that's the beauty of it. There's grammatical need for absolutely every one of those "had" 's. Without any one of them, the sentence no longer is grammatically correct. What's even greater is how the sentence sort of defines itself - showing you need two had's if you're talking in the past about someone having something. The only minor exception is the "had had a better effect..." because whilst it could in fact be "has a better effect", implying that in general correct grammar makes teachers happy, "had had a better effect" just seems more logical. Not to mention it looks cooler ;D

  • @TheMoonRover

    @TheMoonRover

    7 жыл бұрын

    I mean the situation is a bit contrived. The grammar is fine.

  • @azukar8
    @azukar88 жыл бұрын

    Because I'm a smart arse but want to be slightly more original, when my students ask me, "Can I go to the toilet?" I respond with, "Why don't you go and find out?"

  • @MattiMinnow
    @MattiMinnow9 жыл бұрын

    I missed this series so much... Great video! :)

  • @heal41hp
    @heal41hp3 жыл бұрын

    I'm not one for commenting, but I can't help myself this time. Your explanation of structural ambiguity, garden path sentences, and how we jump around in sentences to try to figure out what we've just read hit me like a ton of bricks. I have put years of time and effort into restructuring how I write stories to avoid these things. I aim to make every sentence unfold coherently and smoothly so that they tell you what you need to know in the order you need to know it. I strive to avoid eyes having to jump around, having to go back to figure out what you've read. I've never heard anyone talk about these concepts before, and I'm relieved to know they exist and are known. I know the nature of my enemy now. And here I thought I was just being clever for noticing a thing no one else seemed to...

  • @JulianDanzerHAL9001
    @JulianDanzerHAL90014 жыл бұрын

    I'm not even a linguist and I like ambiguity more than most people

  • @NathanTAK
    @NathanTAK7 жыл бұрын

    The most horrifying ambiguous sentence(s) I've ever seen are: The large ball crashed right through the table because it was made of styrofoam. (simple enough- a large ball breaks through a styrofoam table) and: The large ball crashed right through the table because it was made of lead (Wait, I want to say the ball is made of lead here, but the sentence is exactly the same- AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAGH!)

  • @iLikeTheUDK

    @iLikeTheUDK

    7 жыл бұрын

    Naþan Ø Why is it so horrifying?

  • @NathanTAK

    @NathanTAK

    7 жыл бұрын

    iLikeTheUDK Because their _syntax_ is *identical*, but they have entirely different meanings.

  • @adammullarkey4996

    @adammullarkey4996

    7 жыл бұрын

    No, they don't. You intended them to have different meanings, but to a reader, without any further context, we have no idea what you meant. For all we know, the ball in the second sentence was made of the same material as a neutron star, in which case it would have no trouble falling through a lead table.

  • @NathanTAK

    @NathanTAK

    7 жыл бұрын

    Adam Mullarkey Yes, but we generally assume there aren't neutron stars on earth.

  • @adammullarkey4996

    @adammullarkey4996

    7 жыл бұрын

    Naþan Ø Yes, but that was just an example. It could have been made of iron, or steel, or any number of other materials that would be heavy enough to allow a large ball made out of them to fall through a lead table.

  • @suomilaaseri
    @suomilaaseri9 жыл бұрын

    So happy that i found Tom on youtube, very interesting videos. Great stuff man, keep it up! :D

  • @weewooweewoo906
    @weewooweewoo9069 жыл бұрын

    I'm glad Language Files is back, it's my favorite, probably just because I'm a language buff. Also, I hope you do a video on how the iPhone glitch works!