This is a masterwork. It includes the appropriate detail and leaves out unnecessary details that would only confuse the layperson and this is done almost perfectly. The flow of conversations and the graphics is also spot on. Well done sir.

@sfgoddard

Жыл бұрын

totally agree. truly exceptional lecture

Agreed. By a large measure, this is the finest lecture on the subject I have found.

Hey cool he used my physics map 😄

@nHans

Жыл бұрын

Yup; I jumped a little when I saw that. I love DoS maps-they've kept me grounded and realistic about how little I really know! 👏👍

The Royal Institution does such amazing work bringing science to the public. In a time where it feels like people are denying science just out of petty spite it's nice to have a KZread channel to come to for the real deal. If only more people would appreciate the work of people in the sciences...

Lucid, concise and well explained laws of physics - both classical and modern. Many thanks.

Thank you for educating me in a way I understand. This is heavy heavy stuff for most to grasp . Thank you for your passion and sharing with us . Best wishes to you and God bless Britannia in her time of mourning. We feel the loss in America too.

Thanks for such a clear and good presentation !

Can't wait for this. I going to watch this before bed and dream of stars

@anodominate

Жыл бұрын

I'm doing that now.

Error at 15:10: On the left side the forces of gravity and electromagnetism differ by 10e40, on the right side only by 10e36. Which one is it? Edited: I get it at 26:45. If the density of water is 10 g/cm3, then the difference between 10e40 and 10e36 is negligible.

Great info, clearly presented!

This was just so well explained

Where is the link to the little computer program as mentioned at 34:12?

Thank you, very, very well done. I have seen many similar lectures, but this one gives excellent informations about our universe.

Such a great summary, so concise and simply explained. Thank you very much for this! We need to get to the point where sum ups of advanced physics are absorbed by our youth. Essentially, it describes that we can shape our world for the better and there are so many mysteries to uncover in this lifetime.

@flexzone701

Жыл бұрын

Yuh jiujitsu

I’ve just scoffed 3 Curly Wurly bars just in time to discover where the universe came from. Only British people will understand the true colossal enormity of this major confectionary based event that I’ve just experienced…..for the 5th time this week. Thank god for my fast metabolism.

@IslandGirlKelly

Жыл бұрын

Well done, Chris. 😂

@TheExplodingGerbil

Жыл бұрын

👏👏👏

@Amethyst_Friend

Жыл бұрын

Irrelevant elephant

@merlinlearned6796

Жыл бұрын

😂i love it! But don’t get too squirly with the curly wurlies.

@anaryl

Жыл бұрын

amateur. only 3 pfft.

Brilliant production !!!Follows Einsteins advice! "Keep it simple but no simpler than possible" As a retired physicist ;this vieo Saves me countless hours studying what is already the limits of mathematical modeled .What is left is the unimaginable of a new Einstein This video is a must view for all college applicants and the general audience -who hopefully will imagine Saving the Earth -not visiting (or wasting resources )on manned explorations of the solar system

This is the best summary of physics understandings that I’ve ever heard! I am so grateful! 👏🙌

Really, I'm totally fall in love with this presentation...

Our perspective of the universe -- as we look deeper into space and deeper into time, we find ourselves encapsulated by limits where all objects are red-shifted into the microwave background at the beginning of time. Depending on our locations as observers, the bubble of visible space changes from person to person. Every black hole contains a singularity, but it would seem that each of us as observers are the singularities within the black hole that encompasses our individual observed universe. In this sense there is the similarity with the observer role in quantum mechanics where our observation "freezes" the wave function. For some reason I have been thinking hard about this.

Great talk, thanks very much!

thank you for your time and explanation

Watched all of it again, but still need to watch it again some other time

Clear as a bell. Many thanks.

I absolutely loved this. I think I love you too. So much. 🥰🙏🏻 I loved the font!! Reminds me of nature. 🥰

The charts of relative strengths of forces at -15:00 is inconsistent with the figure on the left side by a factor of around 10000 or so. What’s up with that?

Geraint sir explains very well

Awesome channel with awesome content and great quality as always say. 🌍

this is amazing

That was a great delivery and will add to the mysterious nature of what most of us look up in the night sky and wonder about.

Wow you are awesome. Best i heard and presentation. I have to come back and listen more of your contents.✨✨✨.

Good presentation, good info, concise and adept in its communication. Thank you. We need more of this.

Nice, very nice presentation!

I literally dont know shit about physics ( I left high school to work) but this guy is really good. He explains so well I end up thinking I sorta understand it!!!!! Lol!

I would have loved to hear the questions and answers

Great presentation, thanks.

At 53:24....The primordial era started at the time axis of 10 to the power of -50 year, what is the actual meaning of that? Why not start at zero?

This is a good well-structured talk 🦆

Excellent lectures

Are the illustrations and descriptions available in book form ? Where?

Thanks John see you..

The vacuum of space is just a reaction to an enormous explosion,its blast dynamics on a universal scale, the universe is spheres and explosions+cause and effect ✌️❤️🇬🇧

@PetraKann

Жыл бұрын

And what about Quantum Mechanics ?

Thank you sir. Your lecture was too good. Especially that presentation. Those slides are gold. Can I get the deck you presented? 🙏

great presentation mate. still much we don't know.

That typeface. Why? It might be fine for common words but unexpected phrases like "galactic cannibalism" take multiple times longer to read. If you're going to be a science communicator, please prioritize legibility over merely 'looking cool'. The talk itself was excellent, though. Thanks.

2 hits of clean LSD after viewing this was both profoundly thought provoking and excited to be alive and experiencing a slice of organized insanity....thanks bub.

@mashinajoe

Жыл бұрын

😆 🤣 😂 bahahahahaha

How about the effect of time dilation on vacuum fluctuation taking place AWAY FROM massive objects, galaxies, galaxy clusters, etc.? Would the relatively more rapid flow of time inside the massive voids be enough to accelerate and strengthen the casimer effect, van der waals force, etc to then account for dark energy?

Seems like you guys are on a right path. GSR

Geraint F Lewis writes for a KZread astronomy channel, "The History of the Universe". It's the finest, most authoritative, enjoyable, unique and jaw-dropping science channels ever created. Narrated by David Kelley. If it's possible for astronomy/science communication to be genuine poetry, this it it!

Wow, this is so good, the best explanation of how it all developed that I've ever seen. Describes everything in a straightforward way so that numpties like me can understand it. I'm so over the moon! It also gives me Sir Roger vibes... I can see that the end is so similar in its state to the beginning...

@RichardAlsenz

Жыл бұрын

Please take a look at Gauss's letters to his friends. Space has no means to measure it, and space is a mathematical delusion.

As part of the universe, I appreciate the info.

What about recurring micronova?

Really well done. Though it would be great if we can all give some thoughts to Nobel Prize Winner Professor Roger Penrose’s suggested changes to the Big Bang theory. On the back of Penrose’s idea, I was thinking: after the last proton decay into radiation, only electromagnetic waves left, ie. a system of pure energy. At this point, the universe (being an isolated system) reached the maximum entropy. With no mass, there is no more space time, there shouldn’t be any volume. Conversely, wavelengths of electromagnetic waves become meaningless as well. Interestingly, at this point, with no space time, what was supposed to be the state with maximum entropy suddenly also becomes the state of having the lowest entropy. The condition equals to the condition described in 10^-43 second “Planck Epoch”. At Planck Epoch, the system has a pile of energy. It’s also has both maximum and minimum entropy. As prescribed by the second law of thermodynamics and the uncertainty principle, the stochastic nature and the need to get out of the state of minimum entropy suggest the pile of energy would have suddenly convert into mass on a stochastic basis (remember e=mc^2), space time suddenly re-emerge. Now, the trick I would like to suggest is that the expansion process isn’t continuous as what was suggested in the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis theory. It’s more like it suddenly happened in a blink, and mass was distributed like the distribution of water droplets on a mirror after a splash, some big, some small, unevenly across the newly re-emerged space-time, with some energy didn’t turn into mass and become background radiation we observed. What is suggested here maybe is a plausible alternative to the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis theory. Some food for thoughts to provoke thinking. Cheers

Question for you, knowing that the electrons are free in a plasma cloud, what happens when an electron is pushed into a neutron? Is a “negtron” ( for want of a better word) created and is this anti-matter?

Cool, but you left me behind with neutrinos (that can easily pass through a light year of lead) ripping the proto-supernova star apart. There are so many neutrinos produced that they overcome the vanishingly small odds that a neutrino will interact with any matter whatsoever? What are those numbers like?

26:30: Small correction: The density of water is about _one_ gram per cc, not ten. Otherwise, I'd weigh over half a ton, and I'd be consuming 2 kg coffee per cup! (I'm pointing it out not to criticize, but to prove that the lecture was so interesting that it held my undistracted attention!)

Excellent!!!!! ✨✨✨✨✨✨

What's up with the fonts? They're not ideal for equations. You have a c^2 that looks more like c2.

Are stars of any matter solid at all?? Do we know??

Thank you for the very well done lecture. One think I do not understand, if the theory disagrees with the observation by such a large margin (I'm talking about Dark Energy) then there is only one possible conclusion that the Theory is wrong. Isn't that what scientists alway hope for ... observation that disagrees with existing theory? Why are we so afraid to be wrong?

@theflint7692

7 ай бұрын

What would that look like? What would we be doing differently?

14:43 This is why we keep "discovering" new chaos stuff it's all because of significant figures and tolerance and this stuff of neglecting forces present. It's still present.

Okay so …calculating the amount of dark energy using the energy from thequantum vacuum reveals the error of 10 to the 120. So could you do the calculation the other way and work out how big the universe would have to be for the amount of energy in the quantum vacuum to be equal to the observed dark energy. Just for fun would anyone know how to do that.

But what are forces what s the mechanism behind a force

This was just great. I have two questions, 1. Could be the force responsible for expansion of the universe partially responsible for preventing stars from collapsing? 2. could it just be as it is with other forces, the bigger the distance, the lower the other forces become and so the expansion force becomes more prevalent?

@schmetterling4477

Жыл бұрын

There is no force that is responsible for the expansion of the universe. It keeps falling apart because nothing is holding it together.

Go back to the image of the expanding universe and see the section called quantum fluctuations. It's here the most interesting story of the Universe arises. Best wishes

Excellent, the best explanation I've seen yet regarding the big bang and what happened in the beginning, thank you.... However what would happen if those particle reactions you described were to occure during the build-up to the big bang instead of after it??... But what would have caused it then, you would ask? ... Well, what if two positive forces repelled, separating from each other, at the right angles; causes a vaccume which in turn creates a vast cyclone of whirling space energies, which then continues to grow, expand, contract, condense and whirl even faster and faster, until it attains the height of energy mobilization, at the period of acquiring its maximum of mass, during the early periods of differential mass formation and varying revolutionary velocity. before the big bang. Then gravity and other influences forming at the center of this now gigantic whirling spacewheel would then begin their work of converting space gases into organised matter, leading up to the big bang. And furthermore in terms of the big bang and the beginnig of creation this cycle of events was to occure over several ever increasing stages of alternate revolutionary big bangs? Does that sound possible? It's actually taken from an explanation of how a Local Universe is formed over a period of around 900 billion years. And I suspect the big bang would have taken a whole lot longer. But I don't know, I'm not a scientist. For more information checkout The Urantia Book..... (you can read it online)

26,40 The 10 gr/cm3 is NOT the density of water. Water is 10 timew less dense. 1gr/cm3

If we calculate how much matter will condense in black holes 🕳️ compare to red dwarf by 10^100 time just curious 🧐 (I have an astrophysicist degree from Russia but haven’t been in postgrad ;) still wonder cosmology is why I studied but after studying quantum mechanics felt like a dead end for a bit took a break) figuring out

.. the Granddaddy of all questions, ' where did it all come from?'

@w0mblemania

Жыл бұрын

If we apply Occam's Razor, then perhaps the question doesn't make sense. i.e. perhaps there is no "from". There is no "nothing". There's just the cosmos. Always has been, always will be. The state of the cosmos changes, but the cosmos doesn't come "from" anything. I find this to be quite satisfying, but then satisfying is not science. (If it were, String Theory would be science.)

Has anyone checked out Wolfram's physics project? Though there are some questions I could not find answer to, I think Wolfram model describes universe. It also explains multiple dimensions, quantum physics and does not break general relativity theory either.

@johntaylor2683

Жыл бұрын

I think in wolframs phyisics project quantum mechanics and GR are different slices though the struture, so they naturally emerge from the maths and computations.

All very interesting, however he use's the language of certainty, a little more "we think" or "our current theories tell us" would be more appropriate, me thinks. As Mr Sagan said "we must hold on to our theories lightly". Also fudges over when/where/how electrons are made.

If light can’t escape black hole, how come these particles leave black hole? Is it because it is travelling reverse in time? And where can I learn more about these particles?

@nmarbletoe8210

Жыл бұрын

have you read about the "extended horizon"?

Dr Karl told me to come here. It's funny how he stresses about the pronunciation of your name on his podcasts. I love science and one day he will learn how to roll his tongue in a satisfactory manner.

Why doesn't the Heisenberg uncertainty principle prevent infinite density singularites?

@johntaylor2683

Жыл бұрын

you would expect that is true, he just mentioned that GR by itself, would expect infinite density at the birth of the universe, and at the center of black holes, the hisenberg uncertanty relation would prevent the infinitys for sure, but a a quantum field theory of gravity should provide the corect picture.

Are we going to get a new version of this,after scientists found out that mass derived from the strong force? Ie gluons i think.

Wait a minutes professor… where did protons and neutrons come from? They were part of the DESIGNER of this whole thing plan?

One of the better summaries I’ve seen one question tho Why do quantum fluctuations at edge of black holes result in particles not anti particles only falling into black holes , these should balance the anti particles thus not necessarily result in ultimate evaporation of the black hole

@schmetterling4477

Жыл бұрын

There are no quantum fluctuations. There are only really awful books written for laymen that aren't giving you the correct explanations. ;-)

What was the temperature of Singualrity? Is it 10^32?bcoz the planck's highest temperature is 10^32.

@nHans

Жыл бұрын

Well, you probably know that the singularity is not a physical reality-it's a glitch in our laws of physics. So its temperature is not defined. Another way to look at it is that temperature is an emergent property of the kinetic energy distribution of a bunch of particles. Since the singularity is a single, uh, 'particle', its temperature isn't defined. But yeah, sometime after the singularity started expanding-maybe at Planck Time or when its size was Planck Length-sure, its temperature could've been Planck Temperature. We can't say for sure, because we still have the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle impeding our measurement.

@johntaylor2683

Жыл бұрын

Yes that would be right.

@anodominate

10 ай бұрын

@@nHans got it sir. Thanks.👍

What I don't understand is why quantum physicists acknowledge that gravity is an effect, not a force, yet still keep trying to reconcile it with the other forces. Gravity appears to be the signal to noise ratio above the quantum vacuum. When the signal (mass) is great enough, the gravity wells begin to merge causing what we see as an attraction. Thoughts?

Like....RIGHT !

what happened to antimatter

Great explaining. Black holes that orbit other black holes (for example other galaxies) should also lose mass by emitting gravitational waves. Like they also lose mass by gravitational waves when they collide and fuse.

I wonder where all the antimatter went in the early universe. What if we assume that all the early anti-quarks had the property of negative gravity, and that they were not only repulsive to normal matter, but also repulsive to themselves? Additionally, assume that they are as feebly reactive with matter (unless making contact with normal matter) as neutrinos. What would they do? Over time, they would migrate towards the great voids between the galaxies. Here their mass would be the equivalent of "Dark Matter" and their negative gravity would be the equivalent of "Dark Energy". How might one go about showing this was feasible (or not) with mathematics?

The question should be "How" not "Where". The beginning was an event in time not in space.

What produces the forces? Wave interaction?

@MacLuckyPTP

Жыл бұрын

Good question. A wave of what? A wave is not a thing by itself. Magnetism, gravity, electricity are described in fancy analogies, packed in formulas, but never explained. What produces the forces?

The universe comes from the fact that it takes more information to describe nothingness than it does to describe infinity. As nothingness is an impossibility because of said information it therefore must be infinity since it is all that is. The extra or surplus information or energy is thus converted to space time and atomic matter and energy and fuels the expansion in an ongoing manner.

Skipped the thorny antimatter issue till the end, eh? ;) Good video by and large though. :)

Lecture by None other than 2nd only to Carl Sagan inJim Khalili - I came across one of his docu in it - He connected the dots betwwn quantum to Universe and in between every thing , Liked it a lot!

earth time had some change so when the Mercury time be like our time?

IKEA

16:30 gravity must be a mitigating force it cannot be one or the other.

In my opinion we are in a closed system with a fixed amount of time space material and the material we can see matter. The matter gathers over the infinite time of the universe and is recycled into basic particles in our local universe size black holes and there probably is remnant of our black hole beyond out even horizon and many more in different stages of development throughout the full universe. Each atom interacts with the space time fluid and is additive, each adds a little pressure to the space time and increases the effect with each atom, and it is over distance so there is at minimum a photon type interaction that we cannot see in our world of matter causing the gravitation effects over a distance, if you want to go into other dimensions for the time space interaction and what is moving out from the matter that is possible. The matter space time interaction is not altered inside our large collider and is not detectable or in the core of the largest black holes, in a black hole there may not be atomic particle but the interaction and enough time space exist to give you more or less the same gravitational effect. Someone recently suggested the movement of basic particles inside, let say a proton, increases the mass of these basic components which might suggest basic particles moving through the time space fluid increases the interaction or pressure which eliminates the idea of a singularity. A singularity would have no time space material left between basic particles and no gravity because there is nothing to move in and interact with. Relativity is observations made in an earth environment, what happens in typical black hole centers or centers of a local universe size black hole is unknown and relativity might any more relevant than Newtonian physics, in fact because of its mega size and forces Newtonian physics might be more relevant since Newtonian gives better answers to mega systems then quantum mechanics unless you have a lot of time and computers.

@MacLuckyPTP

Жыл бұрын

This "space time fluid", could it be also called the Aether?

@samsherali4556

Жыл бұрын

@@MacLuckyPTP very smooth man 😁😁😁

There are two different sized cursors on the screen and it is mildly infuriating.

If gravity is so so weak how could an electron or even a hydrogen atom be effected, or creat gravity by modifying space time. Or. Is it probable that I am wrong? Gravity is Time which makes it all easier .

So if the big bang happened everywhere at once, the early universe was just as infinite then as it is now, only more dense. Space seems to be expanding (becoming less dense), but how does infinity become more infinite? Hypothetically, if our 4D universe exists in a super massive black hole, quantum encoded in 2 dimensions on the surface of an infinitely dense object, which is slowly evaporating through hawking radiation, might that evaporation look like a decrease in the density of spacetime, from the point of view of any civilization experiencing a reality in the bulk?

@connorcoultas9629

Жыл бұрын

Some of what you said genuinely didn’t make sense, and therefor your question is a bit ignorant. That being said, In both a mathematical sense, and a practical sense, not all infinities are the same size. We also don’t know for certain that the universe is infinite in the first place.

@duprie37

Жыл бұрын

You're stacking a lot of loosely connected concepts on top of each other ad hoc there. As mentioned in the talk, most physicists suspect the universe wasn't compressed into an infinitely dense point at the moment of the big bang. The manifestation of infinities signifies rather the lack of integration between quantum physics and relativity. Something else likely is going on, we're just not sure yet what.

"Time" made the universe, and man ruins it already. Chaos out of chaos, in the end, rather than anything more profound.

@Safetytrousers

Жыл бұрын

The four worlds formed again and yet again, As endless aeons wheeled and passed. Time and the pure essences of Heaven, The moisture of the Earth, And the powers of the Sun and the Moon All worked upon a certain rock - old as Creation, And it magically became fertile.

@iank2615

Жыл бұрын

@@Safetytrousers The nature of Monkey was irrepressible!

"Pennsyltucky." That's my final answer. "Pennsyltucky."

Albert Einstein made contributions to physics. His brother Frank made well he made a monster.

Wavelets 😊

the equation that i am curious about is... (M)(G²)=(T²) a theory for sure

Quite simply. Gravity is resistance to the Boltzman flow of time. Space is thus an illusion. Start with Planck Time.