Really gives you an idea of how complex computers are. It's insane how precise the manufacturing have to be to make all of this work.

@jyrgenruut

9 жыл бұрын

This is an extremely old IC... you could even make out the block which saves the bit (not too sure about EEPROMs but I don't think what he said was 1 transistor really was 1 transistor... the transistor part of it was probably even smaller). Nowadays one transistor is just about over 500 times smaller than that one block. You will not be able to see it under an optical microscope... even electron microscopes have a hard time picking them up right now.

@TheHolyReality

9 жыл бұрын

***** then how the fuck are they made? who sees whats going on and is it going on as it is planned?

@jyrgenruut

9 жыл бұрын

TheHolyReality It is all regulated by computers nowadays. They make a batch and then check a few chips for their functionality - if they all work, probably the rest work as well. To see how IC-s are made you can search youtube - there are a lot of videos on it.

@alexmcmahon2810

8 жыл бұрын

+Jürgen Ruut No no no, they can see and manipulate INDIVIDUAL ATOMS (and have been able to since 1981), transistors are clearly visible to Scanning Tunneling Microscopes. There's a video, by IBM, called a"A boy And His Atom", made out of atoms. You can google pictures taken of microprocessors by Scanning Tunneling Microscopes and a whole pile of things will show up. One can look at fairly current cross sectional images of apple's mobile chips, and clearly see transistors. STMs are commonly used for validation of chips, too. "A Boy And His Atom": /watch?v=oSCX78-8-q0

@jyrgenruut

8 жыл бұрын

Alex McMahon I didn't say it wasn't possible. I just said that it is hard to pick them up. Seeing down to atomic level is not really a very easy job, it takes quite long to get the clear picture.

Guys... in 1973 I went to work for Ross Perot @ Texas Instruments in North Dallas. My first job was in the electronic calculator manufacturing line and more specificlly I ran a machine which formed and cut each of the three leads attached to the transistors that were inserted into each calculator's printed circuit board (mother board). Unlike the microscopic transistors in this video our transistors were about the size of the tip of your little finger. The chip you see in this video would hold hold maybe two of the transistors we used then as opposed to the millions or billions that would fit today. That is called progress.

@BrassLock

7 жыл бұрын

C.M. Mike Adams At around that time in Australia, guys were selling calculators to Life Assurance Salesmen and other businessmen as a full time job, and making a very good living at that. Some could afford to drive a Volvo, which was a sign of commercial success. Recently I bought a similarly featured calculator for 20 Thai Baht (approx 80 cents), which also demonstrates "progress".

@roddoney7568

6 жыл бұрын

Strange how little the public knows about the Instruments they use every day. Im in my fifties and succesfully self taught on so many subjects in my years. I love tech.

@albertianjavier9022

5 жыл бұрын

moores law

@GoogleUser-sk5tn

5 жыл бұрын

Imagine what we'll have 40 years from now.

@MrMoviem8

5 жыл бұрын

A couple more games with Ray tracing support.

voice like butter. so soothing

@thunderhawk11

7 жыл бұрын

Triggered your ASMR?

@kvngtim9508

6 жыл бұрын

TRIGGERED

@dontquestionmyprofilepictu1177

5 жыл бұрын

Fuzz FM - stoner rock radio what r you? Gay?

@JamaaLS

5 жыл бұрын

Thanks babe

@SolomonBaka

4 жыл бұрын

Before I read the comments, I was thinking about posting this video on facebook as a relaxing moods track. Speaks his mind truthfully and humbly, and a very interesting video.

Thank you for this video. It took me back to when I was a Technician at IBM Research. I did the design verification on the CAD systems and then once the wafers were made, I would saw the chips, mount it on a chip carrier and painstakingly wire bond it. I think we used silver wire because it was easier to ultra sonic bond to the aluminum pads. It was also more flexible to loop up so it can cross over another wire like a bridge without shorting.

wow just imagine a core i7 or xeon CPU

@pixel3000nerd

7 жыл бұрын

A modern transistor on a cpu these days is extremely small. About 300 times smaller than a red blood cell. Millions of them in one single processor.

@YourNightmar3

7 жыл бұрын

Millions? Haha.. Not really.. More like billions

@YourNightmar3

7 жыл бұрын

Antonio Innocente Yeah but thats not how the language works,,

@anthonyvolkman2338

7 жыл бұрын

Erfan Rouhani I know, right?!

@mannyvit1423

7 жыл бұрын

D wave CPU

They are Floating gate MSOFETs (FGMOS). The gate is isolated from the circuit and acts as a floating node, so it can hold a charge (the data) for a long period of time.

@KUNDANSINGH-iv7iv

3 жыл бұрын

*isolated* Are they infected fom corona virus???

@DrexProjects

3 жыл бұрын

@@KUNDANSINGH-iv7iv No, That's 5G you are thinking of.

@jomelsagsagat4020

3 жыл бұрын

Non violation memory. Flash memory

@sankalp2520

3 жыл бұрын

@@jomelsagsagat4020 volatile*

Wow.. it was so deep at the end "nice to still have a little control over some things"

"here's a simple example of a chip" "Uhmmmm, delicious"

potatoes chips

@thatcolefella2861

3 жыл бұрын

lmao

@todanceonbrokenglass

3 жыл бұрын

I didn’t expect to see you here how’s it goin

@rogueanuerz

3 жыл бұрын

3 year ago

@ernievallejo11

3 жыл бұрын

Mexicans made the microchip wow

@jessstuart7495

3 жыл бұрын

There's Evil Inside. Dun-Den-Dun-Din.

Such an intricate piece of work in the minimalistic modern age! Micro chips are art-things in themselves. And not to forget, You are pretty good at this explaining stuff

This is 9 years ago I wonder how it looks like now? Truly amazing

thanks for subtitles :) i love reading and listening at same time

I was searching, trying to figure out how microchips physically worked and I found your channel. I just blazed through all your content and I wish you'd make more! I love your style of video, too. Hope that you come back from your 4-year hiatus soon!

Thanks for the vid. I design PCBs daily and still watch videos like this to be amazed at what we have accomplished in the last 50 years. I am still young, so imagine what we will have when I tell stories to my grand children. Oh, and you have a nice narrator voice.

@ninguem0582

3 жыл бұрын

Could you tell me what kind of machine is used to build the chip?

Thanks for showing, it's amazing how such a small piece of technology can create and lead to computerizing

Thanks very much, that means a lot to hear!

Loved this! Great to see it all under a microscope like this! You mentioned not being sure how the addressing system works... based on my limited understanding here's some more on that: The address pins are used to specify which MOSFETs (the type of transistor which makes up the memory) to connect to the IO pins by applying voltage to them, turning them 'on' or 'off', in order to define a binary address. That address is then connected to the IO pins of the chip via a series of logic gates between the pins and the MOSFETs making up the memory. This EPROM has 16 address pins, so an address would look something like this: 1001000000010000. Each of the possible 64,000 address combinations then corresponds to an 8 bit memory location made up of 8 tiny MOSFETs which can be 'on' or 'off'. So, in this case, we might find that address 1001000000010000 contains data 00101100.

Thumbs up for your humility and honesty at the end! A good teacher is a good student.

we used this video in my school, great job...you made my GCSE computer science lesson more bearable

Wow this video really helped me to grab the picture what exactly i’m learning in my semiconductor fabrication class. Thank you!

your voice is so calm and relaxed. I love falling asleep listening to your videos didn't mean to sound creepy haha

Thanks for making this video. I can't believe I haven't seen it before. You've helped me eventually understand these things to a small degree. 😀

This is great. I loved your Discovery channel documentary approach with slight pauses and calm tonality :)

"Thinking nonsense." I just discovered that I think nonsense too. 😂😂😂

You're welcome - thanks for your appreciation!

this is an EPROM from an early GM OBD1. or at least the same part, if that's not what it was pulled from. The remarkable part is that this chip is roughly 40 years old. Modern day computer processors are one of mankinds most incredible feats. So incredible infact when you watch production videos, they have trouble explaining it

The way you narrate really made me remember when I was reading Brave New World...

I had no idea the insides were so small! Thank you for the infoormation!

Fantastic info. Super straightforward. Thanks!

Would be cool if you could just take it apart and look at it with that 800x

People who are able to make microchip are truly genuine

finally after many many years of curiosity,, today i came to see something practical and understanding ,,,, thank you so much man i wish if i could see it more clearly and deeply

Usually we use Alloyed aluminum or pure gold as bonding wire material, not Silver. Because according to my knowledge, Silver can NOT establish firm connection. Nowadays copper is also used because it's cheap than gold and lower resistance than aluminum. But using copper require special manufacturing process.

@hardscorerockkssss

5 жыл бұрын

firm connection was not issue,but to small amount silver you could add into connectin..simply it means you need more silver than chooper to make good connection..that was real reason why solver was not used

You look at the electrical connections on a circuit board and you think, "Wow, that's small! That's amazing!" And then you look inside a microchip.

its lit but i fell asleep, ur voice is so soothing.

The part of the video were you held that eprom across 3 fingers at an angle made me remember in spring 1991 I was adjusting a pick and place automated robot arm. The machine was turned off and a sign on the power lever stating DO NOT TOUCH was place also at the breaker panel as we always did for safety. A employee who did not read English or French or Spanish nor the Icon with a lighting bolt hitting a person as a universal language turn the thing on in both places. The machine drove that same Eprom deep into my fingers in same angle you had yours sitting. in two areas the legs went clear through. The Doc in the ER asked if he could have it after he removed it to add to collection in one room of stuff removed from all kinds of items from all parts of body areas. I went back there to take my kid for a posible brock arm and that chip and other items were still there.

Man,every time when i can't sleep i play your video and i am sleeping like a baby :) you have nice voice :) By the way,great video

@gsh64

5 жыл бұрын

It's like a prayer

Thank you very much man! Excellent video! Which kind of microscope do u have? I mean the brand and everything.

@TheAwesomeManDan

8 жыл бұрын

Paul Servier It's a Bresser Biolux NV from Lidl. Ta!

@branalana

8 жыл бұрын

DanTheAwesomeMan Thank you very much!!

@emilcarr7190

8 жыл бұрын

+DanTheAwesomeMan i think i have the same one! lidl is always the best

The technique for bonding the wires on the die is called cold welding. It works by pressing two clean metall pieces together with high pressure until they meld and form a bond.

@mahi-kp3fq

Жыл бұрын

humans age 200 000 years dinosaurs age 160 000 000 years.............. .kzread.info/dash/bejne/Zauc05qSZtrJe9Y.html.............. NO NEXT DIMENSION NO NOTHING.

One of the best narrated and informative videos out there. And LOL on the tangent joke.

Superb, GOOD JOB! Thank you very much indeed :) I *completely* agree with your observation about how sterile the convenience of integration is, it's such a pity. God bless you.

The reason why they are able to use less pins per transistors, is simply because they have multiplexer circuits inside them to address which transistor (or memory address) the data goes to

I lol'd at the chip joke. Thanks for making the video Dan

Come back man! Completely new watcher and sub and it breaks my heart I wont be seeing anymore of these and the electronic overloading :c

great info , but the focus made my eye 10 years older :P

Not 1 minutes in, already subscribed :D

simply amazing designing in micro scale

Thanks a lot for creating such a superb informative video with large magnificaction through microscope 🤗 I highly thankful to you b,coz I never seen inside a microchip upto now but it's your effort that provided me such an opportunity 😁 Thanks again n again 🙏🙏🙏

The tangent joke got me.

@TheAwesomeManDan

8 жыл бұрын

786sami786 Did it...strike a chord?

@BladeScraper

8 жыл бұрын

+786sami786 same

@jonathanallen6702

8 жыл бұрын

+DanTheAwesomeMan Its funny because until I learnt about tangent lines I had no clue as to why they call it "going off on a tangent" then one day I said "Im going off on a tangent" in a conversation, and it suddenly struck me where it came from. So I understand the joke :)

@jonathanallen6702

8 жыл бұрын

+Jonathan Allen It also helps me remember the name tangent line now

@quaxiscorporationforresear5557

8 жыл бұрын

I cosine that one!!

thank you

Great video. Thank you for this.

Very informative.

I read somewhere that there are ICs that can be used to control atomic reactors. I believe they are called 'Fission Chips' . . .

@oS2006DE

4 жыл бұрын

I had to read that aloud and I am properly ashamed lololol

I just wanted to say... THANK YOU! I could listen to you describing this amazing thing for hours! It almost look like a very weird and futuristic city... Did you ever see the movie Tron? lol :)

Thanks for taking the time to show us this, always been amazed with semi-conductors

@mahi-kp3fq

Жыл бұрын

humans age 200 000 years dinosaurs age 160 000 000 years.............. .kzread.info/dash/bejne/Zauc05qSZtrJe9Y.html.............. NO NEXT DIMENSION NO NOTHING.

I've always wondered how precisely has to be the printer (?) that designs and prints every single transistor. Ok, I might be incorrect; but how do they even get to make those microscopic plaques to be so perfect?

@TheAwesomeManDan

9 жыл бұрын

They use a process called photolithography-much like making a PCB. There are numerous steps but the main 'printing' is done by a laser, either photons or electrons depending on the precision needed. The entire process is repeated for every layer.

@damonstr

9 жыл бұрын

***** That GlobalFoundries video is just sooo good.

@MGinshe

8 жыл бұрын

beanerama9 laz0rs

@TibiSitibira

8 жыл бұрын

beanerama9 they know the power of dividing (flower of life) they have nano printers too,that's why if one anunnaki was here,he's gonna say don't do it,nanominerals make holes in brain,but ya,they dissapear long time ago ☼☾☄ ₪itibira₪ ✶☥ ⊀ ⋉▲▵▴

@lafo1639

5 жыл бұрын

I just found out that during the photolithography process the light patterns that pass through the mask are reduced by a factor of four by a focusing lens and then projected onto the wafer. Now the whole process seems much easier to accomplish to me:) however, I am still in awe on how to read and store, and how everything is interconnected to allow the software to work hmmm

AHAHAHAHA!!!!!! A CHIP!!!!!! GET IT????!!!! A CHIP!!!!!!!!

@neilhuband995

8 жыл бұрын

+Al Goldstein nope, I can't, because I made a new reply to the thread instead of what I meant to do, which was replying to someones comment lol. And I can't remember what comment it was. If you trawl the comments then you'll probably find the one that I had meant to reply to :-D

@mosesvalentin1600

6 жыл бұрын

neil h yeah we got the joke already, stop making these cringeworthy remarks

@BAFVintage

6 жыл бұрын

I don't get it

@cameronmcgehee

5 жыл бұрын

Where he is from they call "French Fries" "Chips". What we call "chips" would be called "crisps".

@leonkim418

5 жыл бұрын

Only British got it....if you eat french fries the u won't understand

somehow, this video has been etched into my memory and brain i can recall images from it when I think about microchips, lol amazing video

i've never seen things in ICs though i am an electronic engineer,,amazing!!

I want you to tell me a bedtime story every night to cure this insomnia.

@razzsawhoney2818

4 жыл бұрын

Then you better read any book which you don't like at all😂😂 I'm sure urs Insomnia will go away...

Nice video Dan, FYI the lines are held on by a process called wire-bonding, its kinda like ultra sonic friction welding.

Of course! That makes sense. I'm sure I must have known that at some time in the past. Thanks awfully!

god this just amazes me. im about to devote my life over the next 6months to learn and understand computer technology. shits insane

Well, you are making it sound like the transistors hold the memory and the data of the chip. This, however, is only partially correct. It's not just any transistor, it's a MOSFET. The MOSFET works a bit like a transistor, only that it depletes a bit differently. Getting a voltage towards the gate of those micro MOSFETS will cause a shift in the p-type layer of the MOSFET, causing electrons to be able to tunnel through from source to drain. Aka: A bit was written. If you apply a negative voltage to the gate, the p-type layer between the n-types will stop passing charges, thus resulting in a blockage between the n-type layers. This is a free bit.

@c14ips17

7 жыл бұрын

I think he termed a genera term that is transistor. We know transistors can be divided into BJT an MOSFET. The same MOSFET can be classified accordingly. so yes it is MOSFET which can offer the ability of memory.. does any one knows that water we seen around has memory capacity? Because I know.

@Finkelfunk

7 жыл бұрын

C 14 IPS But a BJT and a MOSFET are two entirely different mechanisms, although both are classed as "transistors". Kind of how an electric eel and a carp are in the same subcohort, but both are two entirely different fish.

@c14ips17

7 жыл бұрын

+Finkel - Funk yes...otherwise both field effect transistors and bipolar junction transistors would have made no distinction. It could have been used interchangeably. right?

@adriandinanski7656

7 жыл бұрын

MOSFETs and BJTs have distinct differences, yes, but it's still perfectly acceptable to refer to both simply as 'transistors'. It's in the name after all, they are transistors, but with some differences between them. And strictly speaking it isn't just a MOSFET in an EPROM but a FGMOS. Again distinctly different, but still a transistor.

@Finkelfunk

7 жыл бұрын

Adrian Dinanski Well, fair enough. Still I'd consider a BJT to be something entirely different through the way it works. The differences between those and actual memory cells in CPUs for the Cache should also be made, but then again, this goes into microelectronics engineering and that's about where my knowledge starts to get very thin.

You lost me at microchips

I liked your words that its nice to have a little control over somthing

thanks for your sharing, if not we got no chance to know how the microchip inside looks like!

Smoke is what makes a chip work. The chip goes bad when smoke leaks out.

hi all. i am going to write easy version for you to understand. codes present the language. language as every other. how to store the information? simple black and white. white is one bit info for example. or light is on. to understand what transistor do, u must understand the electricity. battery for example is just 2 metal plates with different electric polarization. what happens inside electrical circuit? electrons wants to jump or flow from one plate to another. humans come to idea to make electron pipes. so electron flows normally inside the pipes, but some transistors are set like switch. that is the catch! with turning on and of light u can write the code. how to memories the switch position? to understand this process u need to understand the chemistry. basically it is all about electron barriers. inside there are pools full of the electrons and the idea is to make them flow from one pool to another. in memory effect for example electron pool is empty and electrons can not jump to second pool. I hope it helps. by dt

@Its_khorang

5 жыл бұрын

I read it all wow I am great

Thank You for the EPROM...

Ok Dan thanks a lot! I found it on Wikipédia....that's incredible ! Bravo for your nice vids!

we have the same microscope :D

OK well not that I completely understand but from what I'm hearing the transfer of info is simply opening and closing doors(transistors) to designate a 1 or 0. ok that's simple enough but if stored in stackable layers and there is only 1 connection point for thousands or more of transistors how in the world does it know to open door 10,303 and then door 701 etc to get said answer requested from input. 2nd question is if we are capable of this then why are circuit boards so large and why haven't all the components been shrunk to atomic lvl as the chip has? sorry this one is a little over my pay grade and not quite got a layman's answer that I can digest!

@leonc.k.7346

5 жыл бұрын

E Nonyabis the chip probably uses circuits called demultiplexers or “demuxers” to select a row and colom to output a signal. Demultiplexers have n number inputs and 2^n outputs, if a binary number is entered like 1010 (10) then it will turn on input 10. And why circuit boards aren't atomic sized? Because that would be impractical, most circuit boards are used to connect components, if they were small it would just make it difficult to connect components. Probably

@lafo1639

5 жыл бұрын

Can you tell us more about these demultiplexers, please?

@leonc.k.7346

5 жыл бұрын

La Fo kzread.info/dash/bejne/Y6Smpdtsm8ffYbg.html it's best explained visually.

Nice !!!! Thank you very much its my FIRST time fully understanding what IC's really are

Couldn't agree more on your single component opinion! Great video. Thanks!

That's a french fry you silly goose :D

@rscinvictus9464

9 жыл бұрын

guessing your from US or Canada Instead of calling them french fires people from UK call them chips.What you would call potato chips we just call them Crisps

@davidca96

9 жыл бұрын

Invictus Industrys Yes i was my lame attempt at humor :)

@meowingmono

8 жыл бұрын

Invictus Industrys do you know why the names are different in the us?

@neilhuband995

8 жыл бұрын

+Invictus Industrys yeah, in the UK we call things by their proper names :-p

@neilhuband995

8 жыл бұрын

+Nicholas Ruiz that cat looks a bit psychopathic

If it can be erased and rewritten why do they call it ROM?

@TheAwesomeManDan

9 жыл бұрын

Rem ko It's because the data stored in an EPROM device cannot be changed, only completely replaced. So although it is technically a 'rewritable' device, it's not considered read-write memory.

I work in the semiconductor industry and its quite hard to comprehend the complexity of some devices. MEMS are my favorite

thank you Dan, we used 27C128 & -512 for expanding some UHF transcievers, it's good to know how fare tech' has come

Did you really need to eat into the mic???

@JohnDoe-ir8te

5 жыл бұрын

Brandon Cummings I think so hah

@experimentb6449

5 жыл бұрын

How did he make that much noise by eating 1 fry

@JohnDoe-ir8te

5 жыл бұрын

@@experimentb6449 reasons

@lawrencesaavedra758

4 жыл бұрын

Brandon Cummings thank you

@Lunar_Capital

4 жыл бұрын

Yes

the noise you eating that chip, that was pretty grouse.

@jayceodell

7 жыл бұрын

Ozzie Peck I hate that sound, it is rage inducing

@nomusicrc

5 жыл бұрын

Ozzie Peck what does a bird have to do with it I think it’s gross

@Defrap22

4 жыл бұрын

I had to pause for a minute 🤮🤮🤮 so nasty

Wow Dan, this is such a professional and entertaining video I honestly thought you uploaded it today. You should upload more :D

Thank you for this video! learnt a lot!

I feel like I’m not worthy to know this

I had to find 1000 brown M&Ms to fill a brandy glass or Ozzy wouldn't go on stage that night.

@tinnturps

10 жыл бұрын

did you have to beat anyone to death with there own shoes?

@Psylicium

10 жыл бұрын

LOL, I thought I was the only one who remember that scene ;)

thank you for sharing

Fantastic video. Who in their right mind would dislike it??

All Microchips need windows Edit: NOT THE OPERATING SYSTEM

@danners4302

5 жыл бұрын

All windows need chips Wait...

@sunnyujjwals3563

5 жыл бұрын

Ghanta ......

i thought gold conducted electricity better than silver

@shivamprakash8194

6 жыл бұрын

Gold has a better electoral conductivity than silver, But Silver has better thermal conductivity, which will make the die more "thermal" stable.

@feoranis26

6 жыл бұрын

Silver corrodes on atmosphere which makes it useless gold is used in some situations where corrosion affects quality like in HDMI cables because they get plugged out and in many times.

I’m considering refining precious metals. What would you recommend for processing?

Microchip is commonly used as a balance system. Covering thousands of electrical system work. It is all perfect.

You called it a chip but it was clearly a fry.

@mantas831

7 жыл бұрын

Here in UK we like to call them chips.

@NathanChisholm041

7 жыл бұрын

And here in Australia!!

@austindarrenor

6 жыл бұрын

Maybe it was a pomme frite.

@Randomguy-wd5lw

5 жыл бұрын

wheere i am its called une frite, and 20 km to the west a fry

@HarrisonDavies

5 жыл бұрын

Too thick for a fry.

It was a privilege to watch the video thank you

How Do They Manufacture With Such Precise Perfection, Finish & Then Fit Everything Into Such Microscopic Levels ..

@youtubebannedme3466

3 жыл бұрын

They hire liliputs

@tootaashraf1

2 жыл бұрын

It's called lithography

To answer your question about how it goes from a few pins to such a large amount of bits, the pins lead to a decoder whose outputs lead to the memory array.

IC still remains the most mysterious electronic component ever made!

thankyou for the video hope to see more with stronger microscope

I agree 90% of what you say and you say quite aptly with a semantic appraisal lending toward reminiscence. Ok gold is a better conductor than silver, the wires here I can't tell if silver, many materials were used in these devices depending upon application and complexity. The bonding process is a "stamped" type under an ultrasonic 'scrub' to bond onto the aluminium pad and package. I designed a stress pull system to determine the strength of bonds of devices many years ago. For aerospace industry, where the centrifugal forces of such devices underwent in certain times of travel ;). It's nice to hear an open & honest description for once with the added interest and amount of knowledge respectfully given and understood. Good fellow :) btw the "M752" number is the manufacturer's mask number used in the Lithography process(s).

For that last lens you need to use an oil immersion technique. That's what that objective is for. Put a drop of oil on your subject and drop the lens onto it so it breaks the meniscus. Then just focus up and there you go.

Always wanted to know this! Thanksss!