.......Valve Replacement Surgery.....
Description⭐ of valve replacement surgery:
Valve replacement surgery, also known as valve repair/replacement surgery or valvular heart surgery, is an open-heart surgical procedure to repair or replace one of the heart's valves that is not functioning properly.
The heart has four valves that regulate the flow of blood - the mitral valve, tricuspid valve, pulmonary valve, and aortic valve. Valve disease occurs when one or more of these valves are damaged or diseased, preventing normal blood flow through the heart. Common causes of valve disease include degeneration (wear and tear) of the valves over time, congenital heart defects present from birth, and rheumatic fever.
In valve replacement surgery, the damaged or diseased valve is removed and replaced with an artificial or prosthetic heart valve. There are two main types of prosthetic valves - mechanical (made from non-biological materials like metal alloys) and biological (made from animal or human tissue). The choice depends on factors like the patient's age and lifestyle.
The surgery is performed under general anesthesia by opening the chest (median sternotomy) and placing the patient on a heart-lung machine known as cardiopulmonary bypass. This diverts blood around the heart and lungs while the surgeon repairs or replaces the faulty valve. Recovery takes several weeks and patients are often prescribed blood thinners for life with a mechanical valve.
The goal of valve replacement surgery is to improve symptoms from valve disease like chest pain, shortness of breath, and heart failure. It aims to restore normal blood flow, improve heart function, and increase life expectancy and quality of life for patients with severe valve problems. Proper follow-up care is important after surgery.
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