Reading The Book of Psalms | The Catholic Talk Show

In this episode of The Catholic Talk Show, the guys take a deep look at the Book of Psalms.
Episode 254:
In this episode, you will learn:
• Who wrote the Psalms?
• What were the Psalms originally intended as?
• What are the most popular Psalms?
• What did the Psalms sound like?
• and much more
______________________
🔴 ► TRY HALLOW FREE
Get the #1 Catholic prayer app Hallow now! catholictalkshow.com/hallow
🔴 ► JOIN EXODUS
Join the more than 100,000 men from around the world have journeyed through the Exodus with their brothers. catholictalkshow.com/exodus
🔴 ► SUPPORT THE CATHOLIC TALK SHOW -
Become a supporter of The Catholic Talk Show on Patreon and get awesome gifts like mugs, hoodies, exclusive access, and more: bit.ly/SupportTheCatholicTalkShow
______________________
► SUBSCRIBE TO THE CATHOLIC TALK SHOW
iTunes: bit.ly/CatholicTalkShow-iTunes
Google Play: bit.ly/CatholicTalkShow-Google...
Spotify: bit.ly/CatholicTalkShow-Spotify
KZread: bit.ly/CatholicTalkShow-YouTub... bit.ly/CatholicTalkShow-Castbox
Stitcher: bit.ly/CatholicTalkShow-Stitcher
______________________
► FOLLOW THE CATHOLIC TALK SHOW
Follow The Catholic Talk Show
/ catholictalkshow
/ catholictalkshow
/ catholictalksho
/ catholictalkshow
#catholic #catholictalkshow #catholicmass #jesus #bible #psalms #psalm #psalm91 #bookofpsalms #psalm23

Пікірлер: 98

  • @CarolineRobicheaux-gx2xn
    @CarolineRobicheaux-gx2xn7 ай бұрын

    I love the Psalms. I have an 1823 psalm book that went through the Civil War and l sing them especially when l drink a little bourbon. I will forever remember Psalm 116 Thanks Caroline

  • @DuxProAcademy
    @DuxProAcademy7 ай бұрын

    I love Psalm 137 It speaks to me personally I used to be a devout catholic boy. I was an altar server and was very active in Youth Ministry. Then I had a career and had a job in a company surrounded my toxic people. It was all HUSTLE and EARN MONEY. The culture made me feel good about myself. But I didn't have peace. I wasn't happy. And in that culture, if you're not happy with your job, you're a big loser. So I sucked it up and I stayed. "ON THE WILLOWS, WE HUNG UP OUR HARPS" "Sing to us" said our enemies. "Sing to us" said our oppressors. The culture was telling me, "You should be happy earning this money" and "You should be happy that you can afford these things" and "You should be happy you have this prestige" But my heart cannot sing except for Yahweh. And 'how can I sing the song of the Lord in a foreign land' It was a very dark time of my life. I was in Babylon. I remembered the peace of serving the Lord. There was no peace in serving riches. But the Lord has brought me out of Babylon and I rediscovered Christ's love for me.

  • @AlineJoyGoodchild

    @AlineJoyGoodchild

    2 ай бұрын

    God Bless you. It took me 40 years chasing the dream to figure out all I need is to love God and serve him and those around me. Blessings to you young man.

  • @dvillafane6477
    @dvillafane64777 ай бұрын

    Father Pagano when you read that psalm 🙏you read to the youth My heart broke. How powerful

  • @josephgiambona1668
    @josephgiambona16687 ай бұрын

    These guys have a great way of preaching the Word 🙏🏻❤️😊

  • @ChristIsLord7
    @ChristIsLord77 ай бұрын

    My absolute favorite book besides the gospels and James

  • @jamesajiduah2001

    @jamesajiduah2001

    7 ай бұрын

    I like that you're one of the few people that likes my letter.

  • @deborahmartinez7017
    @deborahmartinez70177 ай бұрын

    Thank you SO much making the Psalms come alive in this episode. I appreciate the learning and the humor.

  • @JayRedding12_12
    @JayRedding12_127 ай бұрын

    I look forward to pslam 95 every morning.

  • @CatholicChickAZ

    @CatholicChickAZ

    7 ай бұрын

    I agree, you must pray the Liturgy of the Hours or the Divine Office. I do too, can’t seem to live without it. Matins is my favorite.

  • @user-ty4et8xo8s
    @user-ty4et8xo8sАй бұрын

    My Mom loved on Eagles Wings. You have your opinion. She said this to me. I hope you have a smile, when you think of me. I am where I have prayed to be. I am with the ones we dearly miss. Once again, He fulfilled my wish. Love your show.

  • @existentialpoet8216
    @existentialpoet82167 ай бұрын

    From Montreal, Canada. I am grateful to God for leading me into your arms. I enjoy the scriptures you cite and your candid humour with the three of you in brotherhood.

  • @aci.
    @aci.7 ай бұрын

    Fr. Rich you really have an amazing singing voice!

  • @MrRick461
    @MrRick4617 ай бұрын

    Psalm 57 for the repentant. Stay near to me O Lord after confession.

  • @IlluminosaImmortalis
    @IlluminosaImmortalis7 ай бұрын

    My daughter hears y'all's intro music and immediately starts busting moves😂 (she's 14 months)

  • @DM-sj9xd
    @DM-sj9xd7 ай бұрын

    Bono had a great discussion with the late Eugene Peterson (translator of the Message Bible) a number of years ago. Bono expounded on his great love of the Psalms. There is a brief voiceover of Bono reading a Psalm, it sounded great! I wish Bono would put out an audiobook reading of the entire book of Psalms, it would be amazing. 🙏🏼

  • @amberkauffman2274
    @amberkauffman22747 ай бұрын

    Psalm 77 as presented in The Chosen was so moving to me, and I found it so interesting to see a visual depiction in that episode (season 3, episode 8) of how the psalms would have been performed.

  • @janeyount8412
    @janeyount84127 ай бұрын

    I have prayed the Psalms during periods of intense crisis over the years. Going through the entire book, reading 1 or more Psalms at bedtime really calmed me and surrounded me with God's love.

  • @lorrainestanhope8859
    @lorrainestanhope88597 ай бұрын

    I am so happy to hear from you that you explain things. Even to hearing you Father laughing and talking in ordinary ways. I fell from church because the boring and monotonous empty services. I have tried many churches but still find I am alone at the end of services😢

  • @lynngallagher370
    @lynngallagher3707 ай бұрын

    Wow that that psalm is amazing

  • @robertcaperna1551
    @robertcaperna15517 ай бұрын

    @aci. You don’t understand. This show IS for me. I was simply making a comment, SUGGESTING that there’s a little too much silliness. The off-the-wall rhetoric doesn’t seem to compliment their faith discussions. Again, I will continue listening and viewing since i learn so much from them, particularly from Ryan Scheel. Good night. 🙂

  • @sharonzilinskas1214

    @sharonzilinskas1214

    7 ай бұрын

    I know what you are saying… i too like the show and am subscribed but sometimes it does take away

  • @ninagordon4434
    @ninagordon44347 ай бұрын

    Psalms is my favourite book in the Bible. Thank you, I am truky grateful for this episode. 3,12,23,41,51,64, 91, and 119 the longest Psalm.

  • @gerardmaritato9626
    @gerardmaritato96267 ай бұрын

    JP ll explained several psalms during his Wednesday General Audiences between 2001-2003, first morning, then evening prayer. They are compiled in a book "Psalms and Canticles" author John Paul ll by Liturgy Training Publications. Also on the Vatican website.

  • @bahavamoss8372
    @bahavamoss83727 ай бұрын

    I have never read the Bible but i love the Psalms.

  • @jackiequinn6890
    @jackiequinn68907 ай бұрын

    My favorite show. I pray from my Breviary daily, thanks to Father Rich!

  • @antonioflores7917
    @antonioflores79173 ай бұрын

    Wow that music was awesome 😂. Super impressed on the sound and note usage

  • @Ochepeochpe085-gu4hm
    @Ochepeochpe085-gu4hm7 ай бұрын

    God bless Catholic show.❤

  • @zuzaninha
    @zuzaninha7 ай бұрын

    Well done, gentlemen. Can't wait. Also, a podcast called Sunday School (a Pillar Bible Study) has an entire season on Psalms. Highly recommended.

  • @Lawdawgsteve

    @Lawdawgsteve

    7 ай бұрын

    Is that a Catholic Bible study you speak of?

  • @zuzaninha

    @zuzaninha

    7 ай бұрын

    ​@@LawdawgsteveYes

  • @veronicaaaa3953

    @veronicaaaa3953

    7 ай бұрын

    👍 thanks for sharing...I've already listened to few episodes...I needed this.

  • @Terri_Bearsfan1985
    @Terri_Bearsfan19857 ай бұрын

    I love how the Jesus bobblehead is shaking his head yes

  • @normandrobert585
    @normandrobert5857 ай бұрын

    Love this episode! Aloha from Hawaii, Normand!

  • @albertaowusu3536
    @albertaowusu35367 ай бұрын

    Great prayers in the canticles too👍💒

  • @chrisflanigan7908
    @chrisflanigan79087 ай бұрын

    I remember in Catholic Elementary School, our music teacher played a "Japanese sounding" song on the piano. I don't recall exactly HOW the teacher managed to do this, but she (the teacher) explained that it sounded "Japanese" because she was using a 5 note scale instead of our typical western octave (8 note scale). I'm not a musician, but the Lyre also sounds to be missing that 8 note scale. It is interesting to hear that archaeology was able to determine the frequencies using distances for wavelengths.

  • @user-zx1ue5ye6w
    @user-zx1ue5ye6w7 ай бұрын

    What a blessing! May Yahweh bless you all!🙏🙏🙏

  • @tengligutan265
    @tengligutan2657 ай бұрын

    Same here Fr Pagano that is why Liturgy of the Hour is my first prayer in the morning Psalms is the first food of my soul.

  • @victormhavel5725
    @victormhavel57256 ай бұрын

    Thanks for this vid. I pray the psalms daily. Imagine the miracles that would follow if parishes would devote Sundays to praising God through the psalms and the holy Mass? I sometimes pray through all 150 Psalms when I have time and it is just epic! The more you do that the more you see the prophetic, Christological dimensions in the Psalms. One feels like Moses coming down from Sinai after having prayed the entire Psalter. Soul cleansing...

  • @samueljr.3817
    @samueljr.38177 ай бұрын

    LOL you guys have so much fun recording these shows. Your good humor is refreshing in these times. God bless!

  • @kt5137
    @kt51377 ай бұрын

    This one episode is one of my favorites. Thanks! God bless.

  • @juliesaddler6522
    @juliesaddler65226 ай бұрын

    Really enjoyed this. Any chance you could do a show on Proverbs?

  • @Terri_Bearsfan1985
    @Terri_Bearsfan19857 ай бұрын

    Thanks!

  • @patriciawatts7157
    @patriciawatts71577 ай бұрын

    Beautiful melody

  • @alyssedahlgren5285
    @alyssedahlgren52857 ай бұрын

    Thank you for another biblical episode!

  • @jameswood7680
    @jameswood76807 ай бұрын

    this is such a nice break from the war news

  • @zanecote
    @zanecote7 ай бұрын

    Interesting!

  • @bryanwirthlin4444
    @bryanwirthlin44444 ай бұрын

    Ya know, I always thought that if David were alive today, he wouldn't play a lyre, he'd shred on an electric guitar all day long. "There in the field was David, tending his flock by day and rocking hard by night."

  • @suzannelove5147
    @suzannelove51477 ай бұрын

    Where did the lyre music come from? I would love to add that to my “quiet prayer time”. I will look for the response. Thank you.

  • @javileezk
    @javileezk7 ай бұрын

    for he knows how we are formed, he remembers that we are dust. The life of mortals is like grass, they flourish like a flower of the field; the wind blows over it and it is gone, and its place remembers it no more.😆😅

  • @robertcaperna1551
    @robertcaperna15517 ай бұрын

    I wish you guys would stop the cutting up nonsense. Your silliness always detracts from otherwise interesting Catholic dogma discussions. Please remember that many people are listening to your discussions; they aren’t private conversations. Thank you so much for your enlightening information!

  • @aci.

    @aci.

    7 ай бұрын

    Ermmmm.... discussing and kidding around are ingredients of this show's success. If you want all serious talk, maybe this show is not for you. As for us, the show's patrons, we enjoy this format.

  • @bill19441
    @bill194415 ай бұрын

    Music reminded of the sound track of Shogun.

  • @marinaback3736
    @marinaback37367 ай бұрын

    Psalm 139 praise of God

  • @nicolepodojil3078

    @nicolepodojil3078

    7 ай бұрын

    Psalm 139 verse 8 is my favorite

  • @tristanbrench1977
    @tristanbrench19777 ай бұрын

    Amen 🙏

  • @sweetest247
    @sweetest2477 ай бұрын

    Btw she says she reports being addicted to her phone. She does not own a TV. She was very involved with EWTN when Mother Angelica was alive & drove there with her children in years past. I appreciate your help. I know she starts novenas but says she can't seem to finish. She is very diverse with music & interests that she once had. Please read my question under psalms because I know she loves them.

  • @PalaciosWorldwide
    @PalaciosWorldwide6 ай бұрын

    14:45 the lyre of migido?? What artists can I listen to? This is so captivating. I am being called to do a praise dance...

  • @albertaowusu3536
    @albertaowusu35367 ай бұрын

    🎼Little David play on your harp🎶🎹 Allelu Alleluia 🎶

  • @gabrielbaez8034
    @gabrielbaez80347 ай бұрын

    The psalms of accent Psalm 19 and beyond reflects the timeframe of the 1900's into the 2000's

  • @gail4721
    @gail47217 ай бұрын

    London Ontario Canada Besides 23, 91, 37, I also like 34, 121, 137. Which translation of the Bible do each of you prefer. I like the RSV But have recently purchased the New Saint Joseph edition of the Bible. It has quickly become my favourite.

  • @patknarzer8878
    @patknarzer88787 ай бұрын

    Psalm 16 for me It is my go to

  • @lizbaker2960
    @lizbaker29607 ай бұрын

    When I first started praying the psalms, I had to stop and say, "Please, God, no smiting on my behalf."

  • @hracing1204
    @hracing12047 ай бұрын

    Metal band named Sculpture (Cdspiritual matrix ). Singin a psalm. Contemplation of David

  • @miguellomos9617
    @miguellomos96177 ай бұрын

    Guys I testify the book of psalms in a spiritual attack are very powerful!.

  • @theresavonphul633
    @theresavonphul6337 ай бұрын

    Psalm 91!

  • @azurite187
    @azurite1877 ай бұрын

    13:36 🎶 🎵🙏🏼💙

  • @teresacecil783
    @teresacecil7837 ай бұрын

    If you have time in one of your episodes, I would love to know why the Pope removed Bishop Strickland from the Tyler diocese. For me he represented the Catholic faith fully and I'm sad to see him leave. I can't see him doing anything he is accused of other than following the Catholic teaching as all bishops should.

  • @CatholicChickAZ
    @CatholicChickAZ7 ай бұрын

    Here’s 3 books that will help you go into a deep dive into the Psalms: The Divine Office-explanation of the Psalms and Canticles by St Alphonsus De Liguori, the book of the psalms by Ignatius catholic study Bible-commentary, notes & study questions and A Commentary on the Book of the Psalms by St Robert Bellarmine. These should help anyone who wants to have a deeper understanding of the Psalms.

  • @donwilson8828
    @donwilson88287 ай бұрын

    Peter Pringle... Heir to the potato chips throne. Seriously... I wanted to know more about the Psalms because I play music for the kids Masses. Thanks gents!

  • @sofiaalgiz2820
    @sofiaalgiz28205 ай бұрын

    The last 5 years I have been working ccd 4-7 year old Sunday class. I have been drawn to psalms and wrestling to start a program. do you know of any?

  • @tengligutan265
    @tengligutan2657 ай бұрын

    That’s what my pastor say God gave you that voice now let Him listen to it😂

  • @Pablo.Romano98
    @Pablo.Romano987 ай бұрын

    Douay-Rheims Psalm 87 / Other Bibles Psalm 88 {87:1} A canticle of a psalm for the sons of Core: unto the end, for Maheleth, to answer understanding of Eman the Ezrahite. {87:2} O Lord, the God of my salvation: I have cried in the day, and in the night before thee. {87:3} Let my prayer come in before thee: incline thy ear to my petition. {87:4} For my soul is filled with evils: and my life hath drawn nigh to hell. {87:5} I am counted among them that go down to the pit: I am become as a man without help, {87:6} Free among the dead. Like the slain sleeping in the sepulchres, whom thou rememberest no more: and they are cut off from thy hand. {87:7} They have laid me in the lower pit: in the dark places, and in the shadow of death. {87:8} Thy wrath is strong over me: and all thy waves thou hast brought in upon me. {87:9} Thou hast put away my acquaintance far from me: they have set me an abomination to themselves. I was delivered up, and came not forth: {87:10} My eyes languished through poverty. All the day I cried to thee, O Lord: I stretched out my hands to thee. {87:11} Wilt thou shew wonders to the dead? or shall physicians raise to life, and give praise to thee? {87:12} Shall any one in the sepulchre declare thy mercy: and thy truth in destruction? {87:13} Shall thy wonders be known in the dark; and thy justice in the land of forgetfulness? {87:14} But I, O Lord, have cried to thee: and in the morning my prayer shall prevent thee. {87:15} Lord, why castest thou off my prayer: why turnest thou away thy face from me? {87:16} I am poor, and in labours from my youth: and being exalted have been humbled and troubled. {87:17} Thy wrath hath come upon me: and thy terrors have troubled me. {87:18} They have come round about me like water all the day: they have compassed me about together. {87:19} Friend and neighbour thou hast put far from me: and my acquaintance, because of misery.

  • @ursularegalado293
    @ursularegalado2937 ай бұрын

    What about psalm 22, which Jesus prayed while on the cross?

  • @ilonkastille2993
    @ilonkastille29937 ай бұрын

    Is there a separate Book of Psalms?

  • @michaelbimonte9112
    @michaelbimonte91127 ай бұрын

    Check PSALM 91 thru verse 16 +

  • @janeyount8412
    @janeyount84127 ай бұрын

    Guys, your favorite priest, Fr. Mike Schmitz interrupted with an ad as Ryan S was reciting Psalm 116.😅 No offense to Fr. Mike, but I'd rather imagine Jesus singing!😊

  • @rosemariegabriel4456
    @rosemariegabriel44567 ай бұрын

    God day Father. How come the Song of Songs, some call it the Canticles is not discussed? Thank you Father.

  • @aci.

    @aci.

    7 ай бұрын

    Because the topic for this episode is on the Book of Psalms. The Song of Songs is a different book. Maybe one day they will make an episode on that book.

  • @rosemariegabriel4456

    @rosemariegabriel4456

    7 ай бұрын

    Thank you for replying. I'm looking forward to it.

  • @sweetest247
    @sweetest2477 ай бұрын

    Father What do you recommend for someone who is 66 years old & really been through it. And naturally she has severe depression. In 4 years she has not been able to unpack clean organize her home. She has little to zero communication with her 4 adult children & one 19 year grandson. She moved once again august of 2020 (55+) in the height of covid & became very isolated much by choice she says & due to others in her age group did not hold the same religious political views nor same interests. This woman is attractive, college educated, is extraverted when she is outside her residence however she returns & I think is overwhelmed by work to do in her home finances all of it. She is really in a struggle. She says the hours days weeks months years are passing by & she blames herself mostly because she is totally unmotivated & procrastinates on everything. Her words not mine. Is she giving up? Again she is well aware this is causing her sadness & a vicious cycle. She has no alcohol substance issues. Please tell me what of the psalms she can read. She was a daily communicant & although she is not that now she loves her faith & I know desires this pain both physical & mental to leave forever. God Bless you & this channel. ❤☝️😊🙏

  • @praveenkumar-yo1xg
    @praveenkumar-yo1xg3 ай бұрын

    Does psalms do healing?

  • @marinaback3736
    @marinaback37367 ай бұрын

    149

  • @simonewilliams7224
    @simonewilliams72244 ай бұрын

    Did you know the Orthodox Church has a 151st Psalm???

  • @LJones-tx6eg
    @LJones-tx6eg7 ай бұрын

    These are the days of Elijah Declaring the word of the Lord, yeah And these are the days of Your servant Moses Righteousness being restored These are the days of great trials Of famine and darkness and sword Still we are the voice in the desert crying Prepare ye the way of the Lord! Say, behold He comes, riding on the clouds Shining like the sun at the trumpet's call Lift your voice, year of Jubilee Out of Zion? s hill, salvation comes And these are the days of Ezekiel The dry bones becoming flesh And these are the days of Your servant, David Rebuilding a temple of praise And these are the days of the harvest The fields are all white in Your world And we are the laborers that are in Your vineyard Declaring the Word of the Lord Say, behold He comes, riding on the clouds Shining like the sun at the trumpet's call Lift your voice, year of Jubilee Out of Zion? s hill, salvation comes Behold He comes, riding on the clouds Shining like the sun at the trumpet's call Lift your voice, year of Jubilee Out of Zion? s hill, salvation comes

  • @kalpanachowdhury6183
    @kalpanachowdhury61835 ай бұрын

    I love u guys but u make such long videos😅 ❤❤❤

  • @thomasreed1731
    @thomasreed17317 ай бұрын

    How do you feel the book of wisdom fits in with the book of Psalms?

  • @stevechristie8549
    @stevechristie85497 ай бұрын

    Why do we circumvent the entire psalter in the Liturgy Of The Hours, for Three Thousand Years the complete Psalter is prayed. Vatican Two removes Three complete Psalms and parts of nineteen others. Imprecatory Psalms because Pope Paul VI felt that the lack of catechesis in the prior decade (1950’s) . Sounds like a lack of faith considering the 3,000 prior years of faithful usage.

  • @CatholicChickAZ

    @CatholicChickAZ

    7 ай бұрын

    You are correct

  • @mrsthacker4238
    @mrsthacker42386 ай бұрын

    Father Rich is a total hottie. Just sayin'.

  • @annie5441
    @annie54417 ай бұрын

    TAKE JESUS AT HIS WORD: WHEN JESUS SAID, “THE FATHER IS THE ONE TRUE GOD,” BELIEVE HIM (JOHN 17:3). WHEN JESUS SAID “HE CAME TO DO THE WILL OF HIS FATHER AND TO FINISH HIS WORK,” BELIEVE HIM (JOHN 4:34). WHEN JESUS SAID THAT “GOD GAVE HIM LIFE,” BELIEVE HIM (JOHN 5:26). WHEN HE SAYS, “HE CAN DO NOTHING OF HIMSELF,” BELIEVE HIM (JOHN 5:30). WHEN JESUS SAYS “HE HAS NOT SPOKEN OF HIMSELF BUT OF THE FATHER WHO SENT HIM,” BELIEVE HIM (JOHN 12:49-50). WHEN HE SAYS, “HE WILL SHOW US PLAINLY OF THE FATHER,” BELIEVE HIM (JOHN 16:25). WE MUST BELIEVE JESUS BECAUSE HE IS THE ONLY WAY TO BE WITH THE FATHER (JOHN 14:6).

  • @changedlife1904
    @changedlife19047 ай бұрын

    You need to be broadcasting in missleeast , the war is expanding maybe the peacefull dove will land on there shoulders change these peoples hearts

  • @margueritelangton6362
    @margueritelangton63627 ай бұрын

    goaler = jailer

  • @Islam__Islam
    @Islam__Islam7 ай бұрын

    _If you ever find yourself questioning your existence _or you want answers about what your purpose is in this life,_The Quran is the only book in the world which will give you the true answers to these questions._

  • @Islam__Islam
    @Islam__Islam7 ай бұрын

    _The Angel Gabriel was sent to Mary in the form of a man, with glad tidings of a child who was to be born miraculously without a father._ “Then We sent to her Our spirit (angel Gabriel), and he appeared before her in the form of a man in all respects. She said: ‘Surely I seek refuge from you with the Most Beneficent (God) if you do fear God.’ He said: ‘I am only a messenger of your Lord: to announce to you the gift of a righteous son.’ She said: ‘How shall I have a son, seeing that no man has touched me, and I am not unchaste?’ He said, ‘Thus [it will be]’. Your Lord says, ‘It is easy for Me, and We will make him a sign to the people and a mercy from Us. And it is a matter [already] decreed.’” Qur’an 19:17-21 _Some claim that his miraculous birth is evidence of Jesus’ divinity._However, Jesus was not the first to come into existence without a father, as Prophet Adam (peace be upon him) before him had neither a father nor mother. God says: “The likeness of Jesus before Allah is as that of Adam; He created him from dust, then said to him:_‘Be’, and he was. This is the truth from your Lord, so be not of the disputes.”_ Qur’an 3:59-60_

  • @casey1653
    @casey16536 ай бұрын

    Im so scared to go back to mass. Mortal sins ECT. I just got confirmation at 42 years old.