Carbon Fiber - 5 things you (probably) didn’t know
Ғылым және технология
Learn how to make your own high-quality carbon fiber parts: darkaero.com/courses
Before we started building the DarkAero 1, we had to learn a lot about carbon fiber. I want to share with you some important information about this material that will give you a better understanding of it, especially if you want to engineer a part made from carbon fiber.
This video covers 5 important things you need to know about carbon fiber.
1) Not all carbon fiber is created equal
- Carbon fiber is made up of small filaments. There are different "types" of filaments of different degrees of strength and stiffness. Additionally, there are different grades of cloth which determine the number of defects in your cloth weave. It’s important to understand what “type” and grade is right for your project.
2) Resin is the unsung hero
- It's easy to focus on the carbon fiber alone. However, you need to pay equal attention to the resin used. The resin allows carbon fiber parts to hold their shape and transfer load from one fiber to the next.
3) Carbon fiber is coated with a secret sauce
- Carbon fiber manufacturers will add a coupling agent (aka "sizing" or "finish") to filaments. This coating helps the resin bind to the carbon fiber. Without the coupling agent or proper coupling agent, the strength of your parts can be reduced.
4) Process drives properties
- The process (wet layup, prepreg, infusion, etc.) you select will ultimately partially determine the properties of your part. Process drives fiber to resin ratio and part defects. Understand which process makes most sense for the goals of your carbon fiber part(s).
5) Test or be tested
- Because there are so many variables that go into carbon fiber, there aren’t good sources of published material properties available to use for design. This means you need to perform testing to verify your parts meet the desired requirements.
Intro - 00:00
Not All Carbon Fiber Is Created Equal - 00:37
Resin is the Unsung Hero - 03:10
Carbon Fiber is Coated with a Secret Sauce - 05:15
Process Determines Properties - 06:24
Test or be Tested - 08:10
Outro - 09:43
Read more this subject here:
www.darkaero.com/knowledge/co...
DarkAero Composites Manufacturing Overview
www.darkaero.com/knowledge/co...
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www.darkaero.com/consulting
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If you enjoyed this video and would like to see more of this type of content, follow along as we work to create the fastest, longest range aircraft you can build in your garage!
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Пікірлер: 351
What are other interesting facts you have learned about carbon fiber? What aspects of carbon fiber would you like to learn more about?
@tuckpilot1192
3 жыл бұрын
I would be curious to see a detailed "how to" for infusion molding, drawing on what you outlined in this video.
@chicosajovic7680
3 жыл бұрын
What is the weight ratio of the carbon fiber to the resin for a finished part?
@DarkAeroInc
3 жыл бұрын
@@chicosajovic7680 roughly 70% carbon to 30% resin by weight. These numbers vary by +/-2% based on the specific part, weave type, and fiber orientation in the part.
@nssherlock4547
3 жыл бұрын
Inserts ,fixings, etc and UV protection.
@michldehpunkt9904
3 жыл бұрын
@@DarkAeroInc That seems a bit on the dry side. Have you ever tested this? I work with prepregs and the data sheets usually say about 60% fiber 40% resin (by weight).
I’ve just found your channel. I can’t believe how incredibly professional and thorough your work is. And I am even more impressed by your generosity in creating these professional videos and sharing your knowledge with the world.
@DarkAeroInc
3 жыл бұрын
Neil, thank you for the kind words and for checking out the channel! Glad the videos have been helpful!
I am full time in carbon Fiber manufacturing. Gayford Carbon Fiber Strad Violins. This is without a doubt one of the best intro's to carbon fiber videos I have seen. I can tell you have a mastery of the properties. Well done! I will start following your aircraft build as I have a Carbon fiber aircraft. A SkyArrow. PS I see you have two thumbs down, obviously some who think Carbon Fiber is spelled "Carbon Fibre" LOL
@kizzjd9578
Жыл бұрын
I read your post as “gaylord” instead of “gayford” 😂
@JK-tv2bi
8 ай бұрын
I mean, it is spelt fibre rest of the world. The most advanced composite and carbon fibre manufacturing facilities and technology are based in Europe.
@Maree_Customs
6 ай бұрын
The United States is the only country where it’s called “called fiber.” The rest of the world writes it as “fibre.” Typical American thinking they’re always right 😂 And this is coming from an American
@donnastoy8783
2 ай бұрын
It’s like the difference between “cell phones” and “mobile phones”. The tech for cell phones was developed by what would become Qualcom in San Diego California USA. Equally, Carbon “fiber” developed for aircraft parts were developed by Douglas Aircraft and Lockheed Martin Aircraft in Southern California USA. Just because these materials and processes were eventually marketed to the World does not mean that their original names should not be respected
Your methodical detailed design approach is admirable and impressive. Shows you have determination and patience required.
Can't wait to see it in person...must...find...cash....tree
Thanks for taking the time to share what you have discovered. I have been dreaming about making my own plane for years but keep finding excuses. Your DarkAreo project is very inspiring. Thank you!
Best short summery so far I watched on yt regarding CFRP. Good job!
I've been into carbon fiber for about 20 years and this has been a really fascinating video. Learned a lot here and everything was nice and clear. Great job
Fantastic project. Thanks for taking the time to share this with the world. 🇨🇦
You & your fellow engineers are amazing! Keep up the great work,we'll be watching. Thanks much for the insight!
Very informative, accurate and relevant vid. Thx, from France
THE RESIN YOU USE IS JUST AS IMPORTANT!!!!
THANK YOU SO MUCH!!!! A MUST WATCH!!!
Very.good, this is the best series of videos on CF I have found, thanks for doing this!
This was very interesting and informative. I've been riding a carbon fiber bike for the last 15 years. Thank you.
Thank you for these information rich videos. Clear and concise. I look forward to learning from many of your other videos. Quality content!--You've earned a new design engineering subscriber!
Extremely detailed and well informed video! I used to be on an aero team myself, all of this is legit. 👍🏼
Very clear presentation. Thank you for sharing what you are learning and doing.
Thank you for actually mentioning the more important factors vs the marketing nomenclature regurgitation most channels spit out.
This is a nearly perfect introduction to the technical details of carbon fiber parts components creation. Please do write a full book on this.
As always great and easy to understand info, keep it up 👍
Excellent presentation, I found it very useful. Thank you.
Great video. Went from super simplification of carbon fiber all the way to the spec sheets.
Quality work! I’d love some more testing details. Process, Test conditions etc. Absolutely love your channel!!
Thank you so much! I'm always impressed by your infusions :)
@DarkAeroInc
3 жыл бұрын
Thank you!
Thanks for dipping into the weeds on the process and philosophy of carbon construction.
YES! Its like the engineering explained version that focuses just on carbon fiber and how to actually make stuff!
Superb Video with Great Technical information that we have used in our Orthopaedic Laminating Procedures for our Patients, please keep putting them on KZread so we can get the very best Prosthetic Builds for our Customers.
I LOVE YOUR CHANNEL. PLEASE CONTINUE TO SHARE YOUR TRUTH.
Perhaps a vid on various layup techniques in terms of the direction you might run the fibers in different scenarios (corners, flat plate surfaces, access holes curved parts), would be cool to see. Great stuff, guys. Subscribed earlier today! My uncle built (professional pilot) planes - Cub J-3, serial #1 1001-B0200, and has seen his work, so I really appreciate what you are doing!
A nice survey of carbon fiber composites. A video on how you meet part 23 certification requirements with regard to structural capability would be really informative, and specifically on the role of analysis in the certification. Nice work!
THANK YOU for stating what I've learned from years of composites experience - Test, test, and more testing!! The only way to verify results is to mechanically test EVERYTHING. Great overall presentation and thanks for mentioning fiber/resin compatibility as well - a hidden key to composites success or failure. If you've done coupon level testing on any of your laminates, I'd be very interested to know the mechanical properties you've been able to achieve.
@DarkAeroInc
3 жыл бұрын
Thank you! Testing is key!
@mrbizi5652
3 жыл бұрын
Imbok - do you do testing of carbon fiber sub assemblies today? Is that a service you offer? What is the fee?
Sorry I can't even pay attention to what you're saying, that profile view of DarkAero 1 looks sooooo good at 13 seconds in and I can't get it out of my head
@yeboscrebo4451
3 жыл бұрын
When i saw the profile for the first time, I thought of the original Ford Mustang styling. Not sure if they’re even similar but something about it reminded me of the extremely appealing mustang design
@crazyprof5349
3 жыл бұрын
DART Aero > DARK Aero
Awesome! thanks for sharing this
Short but informative 👍🏽 thank you very much 🙏🏾
Great information, well presented!
excellent video, well presented with all applicable points covered short and simple.
Love watching your videos. Great work guys. I know it can change, but when do you hope to start test taxis / flights?
Great presentation. Thanks!
wow you knocked it out of the park on this video. thanks a ton
Very informative video. Thank you
Excellent general Engineering advice!
Most helpful 10 min. for my individual research about "carbon fibers in automotive" project for my thesis. Although this video is about on aerospace :) It was really detailed. -Thanks from Turkey
OUTSTANDING PRESENTATION!
Nice work on both the plane and the channel. Do you use spray adhesives to tack the dry cloth to 1) the mold, and 2) further layers of cloth, before infusion? If so, have you tested with/without spray adhesive to see whether stiffness is affected or delamination is a concern?
Well done, content presentation, information provided. Very informative and interesting.
Outstanding info!
Thanks for the very insightful video!
Awesome - my composites knowledge is limited to spat repairs on my RV-8, this is another level of information that really demonstrates your high level of expertise. I just wish you guys were in the UK.
Very cool. Thanks for sharing your knowledge gents.
KEEP UP THE GREAT WORK!!!
Great stuff guys... As to other CF related content: I'd love to see the full infusion process for one of the more complex parts, all the technicals i.e. how-to in terms of vacuum specs, resin flow and saturation, baking, finishes/UV sealing or what have you. Alternatively, or rather additionally, I'd really like to see how you guys bond different parts together, for example the bulkheads and the airframe (and maybe how you bond your sandwich panels in the first place)? I'm also curios about the motor mounts or the fuel tank install, basically how you bond CF and metals.
@ParadigmUnkn0wn
3 жыл бұрын
They offer engineering and process consulting services, check out the consulting page on their website.
Thanks a lot..Great video
Very nice video! Presenting the big picture so clearly is not easy.
Hay bro, Good information and I like your Channel very much much educative. I have a question on machining carbon fibre especial drilling what's is the best property for drilling and milling carbon fibre parts??
Great info. Thanks!
Excellent videos ! Content is super !! Sir where do you recommend to buy resin that performs well on high temperature ?
Love the info guys! 👌
Well presented! Thanks.
Thanks for sharing. Tonnes of information on carbon fiber here.
Great videos. Thanks.
Great info! Thank you!
Thank you, this is amazing information. I just saw a custom carbonfiber lid made for a laptop, and the people saying that carbon fiber is cheap and parts are easily made for a 100 dollars, made my jaw drop, because it's not that easy... not all carbon fiber is equal, this video will help me teach a few people about it.
Thank for your articulate explanation. Every time I look at your project I wonder if there is a turbine that could be fitted up front. Perhaps your next design will have a high bypass turofan. Very exciting, guys. So no go on CF wheels? Bending seems better than shattering.
Very well done.
Thanks for the free CF education! I wish you great success. That appears to be a real slippery aircraft. Should do well on fuel consumption.
I would enjoy seeing you expand on the segment "TEST OR BE TESTED". How did you determine the size and shape of the coupons that you tested? And, how did you choose the particular type of test(s) that would provide you with useful data? What was your sample size? (The number of tests of the same material/process) And, for those of us who may not have the test equipment of our own, how would we find and select a test lab who would be suitable for this type of testing? And referring to a previous video, you mentioned that you are producing your own sheets or sandwich materials. How do your materials compared to the materials that you found commercially available?
Good video. Great info. But what about raw finished products with up protection? Clear gel coat(with up protection) or a 2k automotive clear? Do they even name Uv epoxy resins? I see a lot of cf parts yellow & tarnish. I know many companies make cf parts with polyester resin & no uv protection to keep costs down. I am referring to more of automotive parts. Do you recommend any epoxy resins?
Thank you, it is very useful.
Fascinating subject and you did a fantastic, great video. Seriously guys, I place this at the top 1% of technical videos on KZread. THANK YOU!
@DarkAeroInc
3 жыл бұрын
Dan, thank you for watching and for the kind words on the video! :)
@mrbizi5652
3 жыл бұрын
Dan - we should see if @EngineeringExplained would give these guys a guest hosting spot!
Your build is fascinating to follow and your knowedge and care is admirable. I have a couple of questions about repairability and survivability: I have heard of carbon fibre airframes being written-off after relatively minor damage, as localised repairs are not feasible in a pressure structure or in a dynamic component. A low speed runway overrun in a Premier jet with little obvious damage resulted in a write-off - and a well-publicized bird strike on the wing of a Premier1 jet which looked minor was deemed uneconomic to repair and the entire airframe was written-off. I realise that DA1 is not a pressurized aircraft, but it is fast. How would say, leading-edge or airframe damage from a bird strike be dealt with? Secondly, there's crash survivability. In the motor racing world, it was realised that carbon fibre can shatter on impact, creating dangerously sharp pieces - and designers had to protect occupants from this in the cockpit design.
Hi. Excellent tutorial. Could you share a bit more about how many final parts (i.e wing, fuselage etc) you are manufacturing in the row. I assume there should be at least three because you need to test couple of them
How have you integrated metal in the weave for lightening protection? Could you show a video on how you've done that. I saw one video on laying a fiberglass sheets down but what kind of "metal layer" is supposed to be used and where do you buy it or how do you make it? THX
Clear and helpful video for anyone who wants to learn more about carbon fiber. Keep up the good work
@DarkAeroInc
3 жыл бұрын
Thank you for watching and for the kind words! :)
Thank you.
Please tell us more about testing range for different type of parts that are made up with carbon fiber,and also want to know about different method of stiffening it with resin. Btw this is really awesome stuff💛
Hello, thanks for a good educational video. What resin do you use for infusion? How many different resins do you use in the construction of this airplane?
Another great video guys. That definitely answered my question about CF weight. I’m taking Material Properties right now, and working on a project to test the properties of CF, aluminum and balsa wood. Tons of nerd fun haha. What’s the lightest part you’ve made?
beautiful plane! it is really coming along.
Thank you, absolutely great and informative video. One could only have hoped that OceanGate would have taken an as professional approach.
Great video! Would you say what epoxy resins you used for the different parts (brand, type)?
Would carbon fiber be good for blunt force like a shield or shin guards or knee guards?
Great teaching. Thx.
Excellent video!
In the 1950s the new wonder material was glass fibre. Lotus and Reliant made complete car bodies out of it. There were two adverse features of glass fibre. 1) the surface was prone to "crazing" under stress. 2) the uncured resin was horrible stuff to come into contact with. Is this also the case with carbon fibre?
An important topic I don't see often on composites is best methodologies for bonding of sub assemblies. For instance, for a carbon fiber tub for a super car for instance, its obvious that they are made of several sub-assemblies that are bonded at critical joints. That may be a good topic for a video. Thanks!
I’m looking forward to the future of aviation with great minds like this team getting the resources to make shifts in the aviation future.
Great video!!! It would be great if you could make a video about the different curing methods
So in reinforced concrete, there is pre-stressed concrete that pretension the rebar so the I-beam will only experience in compression load, since concrete is good at resist compression but not in tension. I was wondering if there is an equivalent of that in carbon fiber land ? IE: since carbon fiber is strong in tension but not so much in compression, so you fill a carbon fiber tube interior with high pressure gas, such that the carbon fiber tube is always in tension and never in compression. Thus allow a carbon fiber structure to exist without resin. Or some one already tried it out and fail ?
Did you guys use fibreglass seperation layers to avoid glavanic interactions with the carbon and metal parts? or Did you opt for another route like sacraficial anode?
One comment about your carbon fiber spinner bulkhead . Make sure that you are using either a high tg ( some can reach 240 degrees C , resoltech ht240) resin , or use high temp prepreg. Otherwise in any direct drive engine front of the crankshaft gets hot, and prop bolts will get loose. That happened many times....
Great info!
What can you do to make it slicker (for less air resistance)?
have you tested the resin used in the wings for resistance to ethanol contained in many fuels? not all resins are usable for fueltanks
I'm designing the fins of a supersonic rocket (STRATOS V) and want to use a carbon fiber honeycomb plate. The most important design criterion for this is aeroelastic flutter, which needs to be optimized for stiffness (mainly torsion). Is there a simple method to take the transverse shear stiffness onto a count for preliminary design because ignoring it is not conservative. It would also be useful if I could get some test data on the torsional properties of a carbon honeycomb to test my calculations since I could not find much data on that. The different methods I use to analyze the eigenfrequencies and flutter all output other values so maybe you have some tips for that as well?
Well you could have touched on The orientation of the weaves of the material when you lay into the mould for the strength and flexibly of the parts.
If every teacher would be as good and clear as you guys, lerning would be joyfull!!!
tell us the epoxy u use.
I work at Toray. It is definitely a unique process.
What a great video