"There is a theory that antimatter is simply matter thats moving the opposite direction through time, but that's a level of weirdness we don't need to get into in this video" Yes, yes we do. That is exactly the level of weirdness we need lol

@elongatedmusk3132

2 жыл бұрын

Weird Science 😂 yeah I literally read this comment as it was narrated 😏 & I agree with both words read & heard at once! Also, the fact that the word "weird" can be interpreted in so many ways depending on context alone is kind of...weird yet neat. Have a nice day random stranger(s)

@frozentspark2105

2 жыл бұрын

He he that's funny 😆

@robertessaine3668

2 жыл бұрын

It was by feynman and one other scientist (i can't remember his name).

@icaleinns6233

2 жыл бұрын

Seems that Hawking saw matter as twisted quantum fields that we call space-time. I've always been of the thought that matter is just twisted, condensed space-time, but that makes even more sense. Now for the time aspect....

@vmwindustries

2 жыл бұрын

Element 115 is the like count. I'm not touching it. 😆

To have such an understanding of the mathematics for waves that Hawking could predict a behavior in supersonic fluids that was never before observed is a feat of it's own. Amazing.

@bigsmall246

2 жыл бұрын

That's theoretical physics for you. Loads of scientists play around with equations till they find something.

@Llkc60

2 жыл бұрын

Other way around: the scientists trying to prove hawking tradition through an analogue came up with the idea. Hawking's genius is finding something that goes against current knowledge (black holes are eternal) through the combination of many different aspects of the universe encapsulated by entirely different branches of physics

@kayakMike1000

2 жыл бұрын

Why is this surprising? He had a highly trained neural network in his own brain. It's no more or less amazing than your own neural network. Train it with wave equations for several years and you could come to the same thoughts....

@peterowley2014

2 жыл бұрын

It's complete load of sh1t if you ACTUALLY understand mathematics! Hawking never had one original idea in his life! No such thing as a black gullible af!!

@mnomadvfx

2 жыл бұрын

Well no, he predicted it happening in a black hole and these other researchers used these analogue experiments to investigate his hypothesis. To give all credit to Hawking here is to invalidate the other researchers work, so many props to them for that dedication.

I have yet to find a way to escape the grasp of your content!

@sgtepic4659

2 жыл бұрын

Impossible. Physics forbids it.

@lennonwhitehead1352

2 жыл бұрын

At best only half of you can. Lol

@brettbrannon4775

2 жыл бұрын

Only at the quantum level😜😜

@timetraveller7294

2 жыл бұрын

very easy task actually: just subscribe... as the algorithm for the recommended page is better and faster than the notification system xD

@RustyyMann

2 жыл бұрын

Time will “save you” one day…

Thank you for not just leaving it at the "virtual particle-antiparticle pair" analogy everyone uses and instead going into why there's an imbalance that leads to net loss of energy. If it were just particles and their antiparticles randomly forming as many render it, you'd have roughly equal numbers of both falling in and nothing would change. But when you look at it as wavelengths as you showed, the net imbalance of thermal radiation emerges.

@IXTryHardXI

2 жыл бұрын

The funny thing is Hawking used this analogy himself in a brief history of time

@Merennulli

2 жыл бұрын

@@IXTryHardXI I know, I read it back when he published it, and it was frustrating then. He worked it out from wavelengths, and the wavelength explanation would have been perfectly fine. Particles as wavelengths is no more confusing than virtual particles, and we're really not interested in the particle aspect anyway. I do get why virtual particles are a part of his explanation. They are technically involved, but they aren't actually needed in the explanation, since he was looking at it from wavelengths. If he wanted to use virtual particles, though, the casimir effect would have been a better analogy to start from since the wavelength discrimination is a critical piece the analogy needs to incorporate. And I believe he did reference it further on (it's been a few decades since I read, sorry) but the problematically oversimplified analogy is what caught on. And that's kind of why I blame science communicators for it rather than Hawking. Hawking did publish a complete explanation, and the non-analogy version is extremely easy to find if you're actually researching to give a presentation. At this point it has a life of its own like the Washington Irving written myths about Columbus where people repeat it because they don't know any better, but a science communicator should research first to make sure they have their story straight.

@Unethical.Dodgson

2 жыл бұрын

I don't think it's relevant which particles escape and which do not. Only that some particles do, in fact, escape. As a result, the Black hole will have a net loss of Energy and mass with time.

@Merennulli

2 жыл бұрын

@@Unethical.Dodgson Particles have energy. Mass is a property of energy. If particles fall in, that increases the energy/mass of the black hole. It would have a net GAIN of energy with time were it halves of particle pairs falling in. The bad explanation I'm talking about posits fantasy "negative mass" particles falling in and their normal counterparts going out. Which, were that true (it's not) would average out to zero change. Virtual particles do not work that way, though. Both parts of the pair have positive mass and energy, just opposite charges, and when they annihilate one another, it releases the same energy to the vacuum that they were created from in the first place. The ACTUAL theory is about wavelength discrimination at the event horizon, similar to the Casimir effect. From the perspective of a distant observer, certain wavelengths can exist at the event horizon and others can't, leaving a net positive outflow of thermal radiation to the universe. If you run the numbers for the perspective of inside the black hole, the inverse is true, giving a net negative energy to the black hole.

@Achrononmaster

2 жыл бұрын

@@Merennulli There's more than one way to skin a cat. Pair creation at the stretched horizon can do the job, you do not need a wave explanation. Any high E photon producing a p-p' pair carries E way, if one of the pair falls back inside the other still takes about half the energy away. The mistake (I guess?) of some is in thinking no energy is required to create the p-p' pair. The HUP _does not permit violation of energy conservation._ It only permits uncertainty in _measured_ (read: observed, not total) energy over some time interval. So it is never "borrowed energy" that creates p-p' pairs. Also, the wave explanation is a bit of a fiction. Matter waves are ok, they can also explain Casimir forces and Hawking radiation etc. (as per the sonic fluid analogy). But QM wave-functions are _not_ actual matter waves, they are epistemological --- they keep track of information. I know that might sound controversial, but it shouldn't be. No one has ever observed a QM wave function, only particles are ever observed. Even those gigantic wavelength photons the "size" of the black hole diameter, if one was to ever detect them they'd register as a tiny blip on a detector. Their wavelength is associated with uncertainty in where on the detector that tiny blip would be. There is a good reason why experts in QFT like Weinberg do not believe in fields, all the quantum field theories are "effective field theories." I'd recommend not arguing with a dead guy like Weinberg until you read all he had to say on QFT.

Short answer: No, you can't escape from a black hole. Long answer: No, and even when Hawking Radiation theoretically causes a black hole to shrink after an obscenely long amount of time, it's not particles within a black hole that are escaping, but radiation of virtual particles from the quantum field vacuum very near the event horizon. Your particles, all the information that makes up "you," is added to the black hole's mass upon falling in, garbled, never to be seen again as you originally were.

@anonymous-rb2sr

2 жыл бұрын

reading von Neumann should lend you a place into a mental asylum just saying

@michaelfried3123

2 жыл бұрын

problem is? you can't prove anything you just said thru direct observation...so its considered speculation at best.

@TlalocTemporal

2 жыл бұрын

Metaphorical answer: Even if you could theoretically move your whole body through the eye of a needle, you'd be chunky salsa after, so it's not very useful.

@TuranciHareket

2 жыл бұрын

At least the comment has more value than most of the top comments which have zero contribution to the topic.

@Tesseract9630

2 жыл бұрын

@@michaelfried3123 I didn't know Stephen Hawking went to black holed either or Neils bohr went to look inside the atom

Hawking had one of the most brilliant minds of the 20/21st century, to see his theory proven a bit more is sort of comforting to know. Thank you for another fascinating, clearly and well narrated video, with some stunning imagery. Thank you for sharing!

@CyrusHalcyon

2 жыл бұрын

I kind of disagree with this conclusion (drawn both in the video or by the researchers doing the "sonic" blackhole). Hawking's radiation is a mathematical result of assuming our newtonian wave-like model for stuff such as water & sound waves is an accurate description of quantum fields & waves, as such this 'confirmation' is garaunteed to occur, since it doesn't actually provide any NEW information. It neither confirms nor denies the underlying Quantum theory bits, only validates that the mathematical prediction from a classical application of resonance gives an accureate classical result (Hawking's mathematical results are sound derviations from the assumed model).

@rauljrlara9994

2 жыл бұрын

Is there anyone on earth right now that is smart as him

@tjj300

2 жыл бұрын

Sorry, but he's nowhere near Einstein. He would be in the top 15, however.

@jakeg3126

2 жыл бұрын

@@rauljrlara9994 probably a bunch of people, he’s just famous and given more credit because he’s paralyzed and sits in a chair. If he could walk and do things like anyone else he wouldn’t be known.

@asahmosskmf4639

2 жыл бұрын

Jake R you have seen the old pictures of Hawking standing right ? Back when he was first coming up with stuff and already famous .

You make my absolute favourite astronomy documentary videos. They are well put together, easy to understand, your English is very clear and a pleasant voice. Thanks for doing these videos.

@THIS---GUY

2 жыл бұрын

Astrum and SEA are the best 😁 Dr David butler 2022 review video and some of his Playlist are amazing too

It's always nice to get another explanation of Hawking radiation.

Thank you so much for not using the common 'one of the two particles gets sucked up by the black hole, so the other one becomes radiation' analogy. It's nice to hear it covered in it's complexity, while still being very digestable and clear. Great work!

@lookupverazhou8599

2 жыл бұрын

Yet why does that result in a loss of matter/energy from the black hole?

amazing explanation. I think it s the first time I actually came to understand the nature of quantum fields. Thank you!

@ElectronFieldPulse

2 жыл бұрын

They should really explain that physics is all wave physics when you get down to it. Quantum fields produce particles when they have field exications, which are waves.

@Erik_123

2 жыл бұрын

Same!

@lookupverazhou8599

2 жыл бұрын

@@ElectronFieldPulse It's how the big bang happened.

Lou: "What's Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principal?" Bud: "I'm not sure..."

Hey Alex , I like your sense of humor. Being spat out at the end of the universe does seem a bit messy. But then being spaghettified doesn't sound so good either. So keeping a safe distance would probably be the best course of action

The quality of your videos and the attention to detail is incredible as always. You even added a deep rumbling sound at the end to accompany the Astrum logo!

@mrsantoro8306

2 жыл бұрын

Stop kissing ass

Your analogy of quantum fields being guitar strings and matter/energy are the 'song' of the universe made me think of The Simarillion, a book in the Lord of the Rings universe. In that book the universe is created by the singing of the Ainur who are basically gods. Anyways, very interesting and well made video.

@shaydorahl6740

2 жыл бұрын

Yup, I consider this universe to be both God's essence, made by His will and out of His Word which is Love. All of reality is sound - singing - light/love. Unreality (nothingness/death) is emptiness - silence - darkness/apathy.

@terryhickman7929

2 жыл бұрын

I've always thought that was the most beautiful Creation story ever told.

@ElectronFieldPulse

2 жыл бұрын

@@shaydorahl6740 - I'm an atheist, and I still think the universe is beautiful. I don't see how people believe in a God given the compete lack of evidence, but to each their own.

@shaydorahl6740

2 жыл бұрын

@@ElectronFieldPulse I always find it amazing that the most basic understandings are equally the most neglected. From basic physics including quantum physics, we know that reality doesn't just pop up out of nothingness. With quantum expressions like matter and forces, we know that such things must be a property of space and an interaction both of forces we know and forces we don't know about. But one thing is clear, we do know that information cannot be created nor destroyed which is a good chunk of what this video was even about, that information can only be transformed. Hawking radiation within the black hole expresses how the energy/matter that falls past an event horizon, that such information is converted back into energy through hawking radiation. The point is that nothingness does not exist and that information does not come from a state of nothingness and that within reality, all things that occur through causality happen within the parameters of information that already exists. From the force fields, quantum fields, the forces like the strong and weak nuclear force, spacial curvature and dimension and both antimatter, baryonic matter and energy, that all things that exist within this universe all already prexisted since the first cause that has had causal reaction in a near infinite scale since the first cause. All things that exist today is information that is stable or that has been transformed from a changing environment that is likewise yet another expression of information itself. If we can understand that information cannot be created nor destroyed then it is logical to conclude that information never had a beginning and likely will never have an end. We can also understand that everything in the universe is not "new" information, but expressions of information that take on unique roles whether it is placement of information or arrangemebt within available information. By this very concept we can understand that Chaos does not exist for Chaos by it's very nature is not causal nor is governed by the natural laws of physics. We can also understand that everything that exists or will ever exist is an expression of preexisting information. If that be true, then the very fact that you are self aware, intelligent and capable of understanding logic and order, you by your very existence would indicate that there is a greater consciousness at play that also has logic and understands order whether gestaltic or not. You say that there is no evidence for a God yet you yourself and everything else in reality is that evidence, order is that evidence, causality is that evidence, existence itself is that evidence.

@bigsmall246

2 жыл бұрын

@@shaydorahl6740 nah, none of that is evidence that your god exists. You do realize your line of reasoning can basically be used to "prove" the existence of anything right? Thank goodness science doesn't work that way, otherwise we'd be fucked.

When I was a young kid in primary school we each had to do a project talking about a different thing in space (we had to make a model of it too) but we couldn't double up. I remember there not being anything easy left to pick so I chose black holes and used Hawking's research and theories to talk about them releasing particles. It was pretty advanced stuff for my age but I spent so much time trying to understand it that I grew a deeper respect for Hawking. So cool that it might actually be close to the truth.

@user-ff7xk7ug3x

2 жыл бұрын

No you didn’t

@Fade-aways

Жыл бұрын

@@user-ff7xk7ug3x What if he did?

@Astrochronic

Жыл бұрын

lol

this blows me mind

Such a succinct description of quantum fields. I really got a better grasp of them thanks to this video!

This is probably the best explanation of such a complex and almost unintuitive theory that I’ve ever seen. Thank you! (I still don’t FULLY understand quantum physics but hell I’m not the only one 😬 Edit: I’m actually nowhere close to understanding quantum physics at any appreciable level haha)

@JohnGardnerAlhadis

2 жыл бұрын

I second that. My brain was able to comprehend 90% of this material before melting... the furthest on record.

@DLWELD

2 жыл бұрын

I understand it but I don't at the same time. Odd. I collapse though, if asked a question on it.

@bobinthewest8559

2 жыл бұрын

It must just be the three of you... the rest of us understand it fully 😐😏 Really... I swear 😉🤣😂

@Paulkjoss

2 жыл бұрын

I just keep watching these science videos even though I’ve watched others on the same topic many times before in the hope one day it will all click for me 😅

@profounddamas

2 жыл бұрын

He doesn't understand black holes either since he said once matter falls into them it can never leave. But then the video shows giant jets of matter and light escaping from their poles

That was a stunning video - you've cleared up a few grey areas in my beliefs about black holes, but then (usually in the same breath) managed to open up a whole new load of grey areas! Many thanks, keep up the excellent work. :o)

Yes!!! So glad to see the sonic black hole made it into this video :). Great content! So excited whenever I see your uploads!

Phenomenal video, as always. Thank you!

This has to be one of the best and most fascinating videos on the channel! Great stuff!

This is brilliant! You're covering these concepts with amazing explanations! Thanks!

Your content .. ( ie) is incredibly interesting and always the most beautiful places . The best person to take us through this content is definitely you!!! Your narrator skills are to me the most beautiful and capturing part , keep up with the knowledge of the universe 🥺👍

Awesome awesome and awesome as always 🌍💯

THIS VIDEO IS A CERTIFIED HOOD CLASSIC. Sonic black hole 🕳? Unreal. Thank you for giving me a piece of understanding I’ve been missing for years. Really beautiful graphics, narration, pacing. It’s like the video itself has prosody. 17/10 for this video (due to Hawking radiation your video is creating a positive pressure on the universe it’s)

@astrumspace

2 жыл бұрын

I love this comment, thanks for the smile

@slimpai4929

2 жыл бұрын

@@astrumspace I think you forgot to change the tags for this video

@charity9660

2 жыл бұрын

Hood classic?

@Stephen-wb3wf

2 жыл бұрын

​@@charity9660 It's an odd choice. Think i'm gonna balance it out with an unecessarily FORMAL declaration.

@Stephen-wb3wf

2 жыл бұрын

THIS VIDEO IS A CERTIFIED IMPECABBLY PRODUCED ASTRONOMY VIDEO THAT THE ENTIRE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY SHALL ENJOY IN THE PRESENT AND FUTURE.

This video is absolutely stunning. Thank you Alex!

This is the first time I've ever come away from a video that discusses black holes and actually felt like I understood hawking radiation and why it leads to black hole decay. Thank you so much! Great video, it has earned my sub

As always, enthusiastic like

I had once been told that Hawking Radiation was the result of a pair of particles popping into existence so close to the event horizon that one fell in, leaving the partner to wander the universe alone. This makes a lot more sense.

@emilyjane8044

2 жыл бұрын

I've heard this too! Makes sense to me

Nice to see someone finally making a good video about this

Amazing video as always

this is the first video I've seen of yours, the visuals and explanations made the ideas very easy to follow, it helped me get a better grasp of virtual particles which I've always struggled with

@AverageAlien

2 жыл бұрын

Science clic English, that's a channel for you son

Hi Astrum, I hope you are gonna have an amazing weekend.

@astrumspace

2 жыл бұрын

You too!

Don't forget a student of hawking originally came up with the research paper but hawking was the professor and gets all the credit nowadays. He was still a genius, but not the only one.

Thank you for helping me finally understand a tiny bit about quantum mechanics 🤯 Also great job at illustrating Hawking radiation

Amazing video Alex. The content and the visuals in this one were on another level!

@anonymous-rb2sr

2 жыл бұрын

visual yes, content no, the science is completely wrong, I mean sure they're the answer you'll get if you ask a professor in fundamental physics today but that doesn't make them correct fun fact about hawkings radiation: if it exist you don't need a blackhole to detect it, any gravitational object will do, despite this you will never see anyone in academia even try to prove it's existence, despite the fact it's doable today

@xenphoton5833

2 жыл бұрын

@@anonymous-rb2sr Hawking radiation is gravity

Alex. Your vids rule! Keep it up :D

Finally !!!! Yess !!! I love all ur video... Still can't wait for next chapter

This video is top tier. Thank you for taking the time to get this information right.

what if black holes undetectably turn matter into space-time, thus fuelling the expansion of the universe.

@donnyanda3191

2 жыл бұрын

@中村奈々 uk

@SIVDIDIT

2 жыл бұрын

Intresting

@LiberalsReadmyBio

2 жыл бұрын

@@donnyanda3191 wouldn't the black hole lose mass doing this?

@ibxmushu9709

2 жыл бұрын

That was clutch bro. Write it up & hurry. You need a dissertation asap before someone else claims it was theirs.

@ibxmushu9709

2 жыл бұрын

Literally possible that is the exact reason they exist. Out with the old, in with the new right

The whole universe is nothing more than vibrations in the quantum field, and we experience these vibrations in the form of matter. So does the matter really exist, or is it just our perception of energy fluctuation. DO I EVEN EXIST!?

@TlalocTemporal

2 жыл бұрын

The answer to all of those questions is yes. Matter IS energy fluctuations, and our perception of those fluctuations IS our perception of matter. And matter or no matter, you think, therefore you are.

@astrumspace

2 жыл бұрын

Just wait for the next episode on black holes. If this one leaves you questioning your existence, I hate to think what the next one will do!

Eloquent and informative. Delivered in a way that doesn't talk done to the aduience but gets across very complex ideas that any one can (mostly) understand.

"Putting your thumb on the guitar string of the universe" is a new favorite phrase, thanks for that~

Having a thought here. It isn't just light that can't escape a black hole. Doesn't causality propagate at light speed? That would make the event horizon the boundary of causality. Without causality, the interior of the black hole would resemble the quantum landscape. So then a black hole must be a giant particle, yes?

@red_nikolai

2 жыл бұрын

I think the boundary of causality thing is why it's called an "event" horizon. It's the last place where events can happen. I'm sure I'm butchering the explanation but it's something like that.

@TlalocTemporal

2 жыл бұрын

Some idean of quantum gravity predict gravitons the size of black holes, so to some extent they would be particles. Other ideas imagine black holes as litterally a hole in spacetime, with nothing in the center. All the energy "contained" in the hole would be sitting around the edge of the nonexistence, passing through space far too fast to experience any time, but travelling in a time-like path and not going anywhere. This idea is the one you can make wormholes out of. This one might also be considered a particle, as it would be a self-sustained wrinkle in spacetime. Rather than a graviton, the carrier of the gravity force, it would be the carrier of the spacetime force I guess? Spacion? Fabricion? Probably something more latin-y.

@hybeerian

2 жыл бұрын

Sorry....No

As always I thoroughly enjoy your information and videos and demonstration. Do I understand all of it? Hardly! But I try as good as I can in as well as I can that all the fabric of time and space have been explained by a wonderfully intelligent man called Einstein and now that we have Hawking doing his bit and sending in his math equations it helps relieve some of the anxiety that scientists I think feel about E equal MC squared. As long as we know that so I just keep saying we can’t get away from it then that’s must be true. Thank you again sir have a good day bye-bye

Love these videos on black heuls. It's insane how they just straight up breaks reality.

I just found you and your channel and I absolutely love your videos. You make so easy to understand. And so for that... thank you!!

I freakin love this stuff!! The size of the universe is inconceivable and may always be. Even if we had the ability to travel at the speed of light we would never be able to reach the proverbial “edge” of the universe. I tried to explain the vast distances to my father and brother n law and literally blew their minds when I told them and they realized even light takes 8 mins to reach us from our own Sun.

@huhuruz77

2 жыл бұрын

I wonder how many seconds it took to bring them some beer from the fridge, because they must have been so thirsty and exhausted after such a long and fascinating story about the Universe !? :)))

@LeSkinner

2 жыл бұрын

@@huhuruz77 provided the fridge is 5m away, then 1.668 × 10-8 light-second

@AFreeThinkingDawg09

2 жыл бұрын

@@huhuruz77 🤣 got jokes I see? I’ll let you know once your mom gets back with those beers

@josexswhtx1322

2 жыл бұрын

Unless we can warp drive than maybe

@astrumspace

2 жыл бұрын

Man, I love that description of what a photon's perspective of the universe is like. Might have to sneak that into a future video :)

Astrum! ❤️

@dsmccolgan

2 жыл бұрын

💙

Was waiting for part 2!

Your explanation is super clear-great work! Thanks!

Fun fact: Getting out of a black hole is easier than getting out of an Appalachian coal mining company town was in the mid 20th century.

@anonymous-rb2sr

2 жыл бұрын

kek

This is awesome.

great video, my dude. keep doing what you're doing please

Your videos have always been so high quality, I love when you have a new one out!! ♡♡

7:47 just a small correction. Its not matter and antimatter that appears. Its matter and negative matter. Antimatter is the opposit to matter if you split energy into matter and antimatter. Thats why you get energy out of combining matter and antimatter. However,in this case, its a matter/energy particle and a negative matter/energy particle. Combining them gives nothing. They just annihilate themselves. No energy, no flash, no ripple in the quantum field, no nothing. Its a small but important destinction! Otherwise youre compleatly correct.

I have a question: if a particle and anti particle pop into existence to preserve conservation of energy, then what is the difference between the "nothing" before the appearance of the pair of particles, and the "something" which is the pair of particles? To truly preserve conservation of energy, should those states not be the same? And so why can we then differentiate between them? In other words, why are we ignoring the reason why we can differentiate between those two states: the birth of the pair of particles? Thanks for the video!

thank you sir! this video was really well explained!

I needed this video! Alex's cheerful voice elates my heart

So if antimatter goes in the reverse direction as "normal" matter. Doesn't this say something about the "Big bang". Matter how we perceive it goes outwards and antimatter goes inwards. Matter will be combined by all black holes. Antimatter should have white holes and does the same thing but with antimatter. quantum field is the layer between those two and matter and antimatter can flip in-between. After everything is collected by black and white holes the anti - or not anti matter will be flipped. Antimatter becomes matter and matter becomes antimatter?! Did anybody thought of that?

@michellegiacalone1079

2 жыл бұрын

The cosmic Yin and Yang, no?

@haywireog

2 жыл бұрын

@@michellegiacalone1079 yeah a bit like that. And there is overlap.

I thought that virtual particles that collide still add overall energy to the system. I think there is still another factor that allows this to maintain conservation of energy

@shelbyperry3444

2 жыл бұрын

The expansion of the universe is the counter. Sure energy "might" be added but slowly over time those interactions would occur less frequently due to matter being further apart. Also any added energy would be anti quarks or neutrinos radiated from the quantum vacuum near the event horizon. The rate of this radiation is so slow that black holes will live long past when the last iron stars go dark.

@TlalocTemporal

2 жыл бұрын

"Virtual" particals are just a way to interpret the quantum flux. Instead of saying "This is a photon's worth of energy in the electromagnetic field" we say "This is a virtual photon". It's like rogue waves in the ocean. Usually there are a bunch of waves just sloshing around, but sometimes a few small waves splash just right to make a really big wave, then it crashes into several smaller waves again. No energy get created or destroyed there, it's just sloshing around.

I just wanted to say that i appreciate that you can break down such complex theories into something more digestible for all audiences

Mind. Blown 😮. Great work!

quantum fields still remind me of the classic concept of the "ether". I'd like to learn more about those sonic black holes though.

@ElectronFieldPulse

2 жыл бұрын

It isn't an either because an ether suggests there is a uniform something out there. Fields aren't anything, they are just ways to describe quantum fluctuations which actually could make something.

@avrenna

2 жыл бұрын

@@ElectronFieldPulse Fields are very real. See the talk/video "Quantum Fields: The Real Building Blocks of the Universe" given by David Tong at The Royal Institution.

@ElectronFieldPulse

2 жыл бұрын

@@avrenna - Fields are real, and photons don't interact with the Higgs field. See the problem?

@avrenna

2 жыл бұрын

@@ElectronFieldPulse Each field has a different coupling strength with the others. What's the problem with that, exactly?

@ElectronFieldPulse

2 жыл бұрын

@@avrenna - Photons don't couple with the Higgs field

Black hole mergers release a significant quantity of energy/mass in the form of gravitational waves. The resulting black hole is significantly less massive than the black holes that formed it. So, is this a second way for energy to escape a black hole?

@Carbon_Based_Life_Form

2 жыл бұрын

No. Gravitational waves do not originate from within the black holes itself but outside the event horizon.

@qbasic16

2 жыл бұрын

Gravitation is a field, but it doesn't "flow out" of a black hole. The field can get stronger in the presence of mass but it's not radiated. Imagine this: You have a massive star, which accumulates mass from the outside until it collapses into a black hole. During the mass accumulation the gravitational field grows, but throughout this accumulation, the field is there, just its strength is increasing.

@Carbon_Based_Life_Form

2 жыл бұрын

@@qbasic16 gravitational waves propagate outward though.

@anonymous-rb2sr

2 жыл бұрын

@Noah Spurrier shhhhh stop trying to use your brain, bad student bad, you're supposed to repeat what the teacher says and get good grades!

@anonymous-rb2sr

2 жыл бұрын

@@Carbon_Based_Life_Form well of course you have to say that to make general relativity not completely break down lmfao but the mass is inside the black hole but it can't fall inside the black hole but the gravitation of the black hole comes from outside the black hole but there is a singularity where all the mass of the black hole is BWAHAHAHAHA

Amazing as always.

Man. Your videos are amazing

Good Content.

Could dark matter be an explanation for early supermassive black holes? If there existed even more dark matter in the early ages of the universe, it could have fed some black holes to become really massive, more than what would be possible just by considering regular matter And observed supermassive black holes from the early ages, like TON-618, _are_ way more massive than what's predicted

I really like your way of explaining this stuff, it's clear, concise, and mainly in plain English. Very good presentation, I always learn a lot.

Great explanation, the easiest I have encountered. Love how you refrain from clickbait to attract patronage. Keep up the good woork!

“Do you guys just put ‘quantum’ in front of everything?" Awesome vid as always

@Wtfukker

2 жыл бұрын

are you getting quantizing his video?

@anonymous-rb2sr

2 жыл бұрын

@@Wtfukker I hope not, you would need to introduce virtual frames to fill out the missing frame a quantum video who imply :p

Q: Is there any way to escape a black hole? A: Yes...don't ever go near it.

@Jermain-cz4bh

2 жыл бұрын

with wormholes it might be possible but with nanosecond level reflexes

The graphics and inserted animated clips were a life saver.

Man, this is a great content!

A Starship in the thumbnail near a Black Hole? It could end up never passing LEO. The Star Trek USS Enterprise or USS Voyager would make more sense then.

What if all black holes are connected to the same place so when the first black hole goes *boom* it releases all the existing energy ever devoured and restarts the universe.

@xenphoton5833

2 жыл бұрын

More like when the last black hole goes boom

@Jermain-cz4bh

2 жыл бұрын

@@xenphoton5833 technically the first and last

Excellent video 👏👏👏

Your channel has grown so much . Congrats . Almost 1 mil

LOVELY

If hawking can let me know how to escape my ex that be great

Excellent video with clear explanations.

Best explanation of Hawking Radiation and Black Hole evaporation I've seen to date.

Hawking was not able to express a specific explanation for his idea of Hawking radiation. He just arranged the quantum mechanics together and created new concept of his own(it's not easy but simple). That's what I am sad about his whole work and his belief. I am a huge fan of your work Alex! But, in my country, space and science channels are not watched. For example, this video of yours about black holes won't get interested by Turkish people on KZread. What a waste of time for who watches garbage on KZread!

@illuminati395

2 жыл бұрын

So you are from Turkey....... I'm from India. You are right that peoples watch useless contents but not everyone.....and I guess there are some Turkish peoples who are interested about outer world....I mean our universe and different celestial objects.

@Rawi888

2 жыл бұрын

You judge to easy. Here you are, a Turk, enjoying this video. You’re proving yourself wrong in an ironic sense.

@cakmamuhendis

2 жыл бұрын

​@@Rawi888 You're right in a way but if you could see the KZread Turkey's Science section on main page, you would've agree with me. It's all conspiracy and some videos even not related to science.

@ElectronFieldPulse

2 жыл бұрын

@@cakmamuhendis - There are a bunch of conspiracy videos on English KZread as well. I think there are naturally curious people from every country, surely Turkey has some good science channels, right?

@THIS---GUY

2 жыл бұрын

95% of internet traffic is social media and on KZread its a very small group of influences and non educational channels dominating. Very sad

I’ve been trying to get outta this ball of ass for millenia and have found *zero* answers online. 😢 You don’t know how much you’ve changed my life. THANK YOU

Greatest voice for astronomy and space science (okay, maybe redundant) Alex, your delivery is so awesome, I could listen to you all night!!

I love this channel, keep up the good work 👊🏾🕶️

I really am the first oop-

First comment

A really interessting video, thx for sharing.

I love this channel I've learnt so much, and the background music suits it perfectly

This was really interesting. Earned a like and a subscribe.

Man, I'm gonna need to watch this a bunch of times to wrap my mind around it. You're welcome

This is an amazing explanation. Thankyou.

This is really some nerdy stuff. Love it!

I remember hearing one time, regarding precognition, that even if one could view the future, the future they saw would no longer be accurate. However, because the future they saw was now going to change, and because the actual future of the observer was always going to end up where it does, they're essentially viewing a false future for their current timeline, and the correct future of a timeline in which they never saw it. So when you described the inability to measure both the direction and location on the atomic level, the fact that the instant you measure it it changes its trajectory sounds incredibly close to the precognitive paradox. Personally, I get the feeling that this similarity is not a cosmic coincidence.

@stewiesaidthat

2 жыл бұрын

Precognition is just the ability to see things as they are, not as they were. A blind person defines his universe by the speed of sound. A blind person would never hear a ball traveling at the speed of sound and thus would always get hit by the ball. Give the guy a pair of eyes, and now he can 'see' the ball before it hits him, enabling him to duck. Did he look into the future and see the ball coming and thus was able to avoid being hit and changed the future in so doing? You are living in the past of everything around you. Because the speed of light is so fast, we associate everything we see as the present. And, since nothing can travel faster than light, we have time to react before being impacted by solid objects.

I swear to god this guys voice is like top teir asmr I love it

The quantum fields are like the song of creation from the Ainur in Tolkien's Silmarillion.

Great video!