"you might not think about your emails in quite the same way again" yes, i shall now always call them, sea-mails

@Groovewonder2

3 жыл бұрын

You should be tried at the Hague for that one

@JaredlS10

3 жыл бұрын

@@Groovewonder2 I'll testify if they will have me. 

@syyndev2161

3 жыл бұрын

@@Groovewonder2 I second

@danewilliam2907

3 жыл бұрын

Sounds like the name of a spongebob episode

@IAmTheAce5

3 жыл бұрын

Ellen Icklenellie Rose, is that you?

I remember that cable laying gold rush. I was working for a ship repair yard in Seattle in the late 90s. The yard owned a Bering Sea crab fishing boat named the Auriga. She usually sat idle during most of the summer apart from the occasional small job they could find for her. When the cable laying bonanza hit we hired her out every summer to Pirelli to tend cable laying barges. So lucrative was the rush that it was cost effective to have the 160 foot ship and 100 foot barge picked up by a semi-submersible and hauled all the way around through the Panama canal to lay cable in the Atlantic. - My boss, the owner, long before that was the first person I heard the old businessman's adage that if there is ever a gold rush, you want to be the guy who sells shovels. He proved it with that boat.

@Mortechai

3 жыл бұрын

Thank you for the historical anecdote!

@roderickwhitehead

3 жыл бұрын

Also, thanks.

@raevn11

2 жыл бұрын

Something about this story... I like it. Thanks for the telling.

@pamelapope8292

Жыл бұрын

I believe that- I owned a crab boat and when fishing w husband in Bering Sea the cable laying was talked about a lot in the 90s - cables on the bottom are on all charts and had to be updated

"Laying cables might seem a bit old fashion" Me as somone who works for a Major Telecom company: "Oi, Wireless is even more old fashion. When ya think about it" Not to mention much more unreliable. Fibre cables are here to stay untill a better method is found out. You might say 5G mobile network. But this completely relies of Fiber cables between stations. In the end, its the cable that is the backbone of all telecommunication. The only thing I see a next step in telecom evolution is Quantum Entanglement. But that stuff is still quite some years to go.

@David-lr2vi

3 жыл бұрын

Here in Australia when they started building our fibre to the home broadband network idiots would say “why bother with fibre when wireless will replace it”. Fibre optic cables will never be obsolete and we are always finding new ways to shove more information down those same fibre optic cable that were layed years ago. Wireless can’t ever hope to carry the same bandwidth as fibre or carry it over the same kinds of distances. The amount of radio spectrum available is limited as well whereas there is no spectrum limit to fibre optic cables, you can just continue laying more cables add infinitum and they never interfere with each other, unlike radio spectrum.

@ashstone8457

3 жыл бұрын

I co-run a internet and communications company too , and this comment is spot on , fiber is the way that a lot of people get connection, or if not fiber , point to point connection is pretty common too , at least in my area.

@mulematt6225

3 жыл бұрын

I am a fiber optics splicer. And EVERYTHING runs on fiber.

@anonymousbosch9265

3 жыл бұрын

I’m a splicer in the Midwest and the fiber backbone is supposedly going to be in place by 2023 but I think 2025 is more likely judging by my last 20 years of experience in roll outs of projects

@AA5SA

3 жыл бұрын

@@David-lr2vi that's the best part about optical fiber (and specifically, single mode optical fiber) your fiber that's carrying 1 Gbps today can be upgraded to 100 Gbps by just swapping the transceivers at each end--no need to replace the fiber itself. And even with the ultra-dense multiterrabit speeds of today's backbone networks, we're no where close to fiber's theoretical maximum bandwidth.

There's nothing more satisfying than laying some cable.

@Aus10McNeal

3 жыл бұрын

I prefer to lay pipe

@shwaila

3 жыл бұрын

thats wat she said

@gabrielhowardMKE

3 жыл бұрын

BA DA DUM DUMM TSSSSSS!!!

@nootnoot6404

3 жыл бұрын

I'm reading this on my throne

@erichobbs4042

3 жыл бұрын

@@nootnoot6404 Good lad!

"Relatively isolated places..." Shows Canada. OK technically accurate but still, ouch.

@jb76489

3 жыл бұрын

@The Infidel yeah but more people want to go to Britain

@handiman5001

3 жыл бұрын

if you draw a line from Prince Rupert - Edmonton - Prince Albert - Dauphin MB - Winnipeg MB - Thunder Bay - Ottawa - Quebec City - Montreal - St John's NFL you will find that almost 3/4 of Canada has Bugger all in it - so I'd say it's Isolated bahahahahahaha and I live on that line

@philipgallagher69420

3 жыл бұрын

@The Infidel silence infidel

@Chris_at_Home

3 жыл бұрын

If northern Canada is anything like northern Alaska most of these people can’t afford network communications unless it if heavily subsidized by the government. These network satellites that are being put up are doing it for a profit by private enterprise.

@handiman5001

3 жыл бұрын

@@Chris_at_Home The Federal Government just announced a program that will get HS internet to 98% of Canadians (but no cost was mentioned -- I am sure it will have to be subsidized

Small side note: the location breakage is determined by optical measuring technique called OTDR. Basically it tells you how long it takes for the light to travel to the nearest internal reflector (breakage), from which you can then calculate the distance.

nah, you don't reinvent the wheel, cable is probably going to last for a long time, just like non-flying-cars

16 hours to send a message? Dang, imagine the lag when playing multiplayer games.

@joxerd

3 жыл бұрын

I have better lang input from USA sever than Brazil I live in Uruguay.

@OperationDarkside

3 жыл бұрын

Your Ping would be 57,600,000ms and probably cause an overflow in the memory your ping number is stored, if I imagine my programming colleagues correctly.

@AlRoderick

3 жыл бұрын

Chess by mail has such bad netcode.

@boris2342

3 жыл бұрын

I played dungeons and deagons by mail in the 70's ( No Really ) OK Boomer

@danielduncan6806

3 жыл бұрын

@Pronator Tendon Nope, even _that_ has a better reaction time. In fact, it takes anywhere between 3 to 22 to minutes to send a signal to Mars, and another 3 to 22 minutes to send it back, for a maximum total of 44 minutes.

The technical sequel to that one about telegraph lines!

@Ryan_T_S

3 жыл бұрын

Yeah, I was about to say, hasn't he already done this one?

@anarchyantz1564

3 жыл бұрын

Telegraph lines II : The next generation.

@dickJohnsonpeter

3 жыл бұрын

I ate one of those cables.

@BunjiKugashira42

3 жыл бұрын

Also the sequel to grammy stealing the internet, just this time it's pirates.

"Pirates stole 11km worth of cable that linked Thailand, Vietnam, and Hong Kong." DAMN YOU INTERNET PIRATES!

"Undersea cables aren't a subject that comes up in conversation very often." You clearly don't hang out with any engineers.

@springbok4015

3 жыл бұрын

Guess it depends on the type of engineer. It’s interesting either way.

@richardbergholdt6181

3 жыл бұрын

They only come up on the seashore, silly.

@XeroVMK

3 жыл бұрын

@@springbok4015 All engineers need to have a on-the-point understanding of these cables ;)

@springbok4015

3 жыл бұрын

@@XeroVMK Cables or wire in general, not so much undersea cabling though. Although multiple engineering fields are involved with deploying and maintaining them.

2:50 The speed of light in a single mode fibre is about 70% of the speed of light in air (or free space). There are situations where it makes a difference and microwave links are used to link high-speed stock exchange traders in Chicago to reach NY stock exchange - because they can make money by being milliseconds quicker than the fibre route!

@Markle2k

3 жыл бұрын

70% is being generous. This is also one of the selling points of Starlink.

@beechnutk

3 жыл бұрын

What he said. I think even 70% is high. It’s closer to (a little over) half. This is the whole selling point of Starlink. The faster signal in a vacuum means they can shave more than a couple ms off.

@jfbeam

3 жыл бұрын

68.1% (1/1.467 give or take) And then there's this: www.extremetech.com/computing/151498-researchers-create-fiber-network-that-operates-at-99-7-speed-of-light-smashes-speed-and-latency-records

@Richardincancale

3 жыл бұрын

Thing is though in most networks the dominant latency factor is due to routing/switching and buffering/queuing.

@psychiatry-is-eugenics

3 жыл бұрын

So speed is the reason for low orbits ?

An optical fibre factory burned down near where I worked and one chap came to work with us . I asked him what was the longest unbroken strand of optical fibre they ever made . He said "From Norway to North America ". That took my breath away .

"And it ushered in a new age of friendship and cooperation"...giggle, "spoiler it did not." HAHAHAHAhahahh...silence...tears.

My favorite Gilligan's Island episode when I was a kid was the one in which one of these cables washed ashore during a bad night's storm and they tapped into it using vines and coconuts then proceeded to try and get someone to believe they were castaways on a deserted island and come rescue them... Gilligan fucked it all up, of course. GILLIGAN!

@avalanche1990

3 жыл бұрын

Damn i remember that episode. watched the reruns quite frequently as a kid

@MarloSoBalJr

3 жыл бұрын

Why they didn't kill Gilligan is beyond me

@AZOffRoadster

3 жыл бұрын

@@MarloSoBalJr Same reason no one had sex.

may the guardian angels protect these cables.

@barrydysert2974

3 жыл бұрын

🙏💜🙏

@richardmillhousenixon

3 жыл бұрын

_*laughs in future Starlink customer_

@ShainAndrews

3 жыл бұрын

The cables and equipment get damaged or impaired all the time. You never notice it.

@oppionatedindividual8256

3 жыл бұрын

Posiedon and the Atlantians do

@shwaila

3 жыл бұрын

no need, starlink on the way

I find it fascinating that I click a button on my computer which trips a relay a continent away and Simon Whistler is on my screen a tenth of a second later,

This pandemic has made me appreciate the internet so much more when I imagine it happening 20+ years back.

A program on starlink should be considered.

@AZOffRoadster

3 жыл бұрын

I figured he'd at least mention it. Once they have sat2sat laser links, those sats over the oceans will have lots of available bandwidth, and be faster than fiber.

@klugshicer

3 жыл бұрын

Starlink will be great for end users and very latency sensitive communication. But it probably won't replace the bulk traffic in undersea cables. Think of Starlink as highways and undersea cables as shipping routes.

I remember playing Doom with my dad on the other side of the Pacific over dial-up in 1995. Quite an impressive feat for the time, though the game ran at slide-show speeds

Just think about how much of the fiberoptic cable traffic is just porn

@friendlyatheist9589

3 жыл бұрын

Just imagine fishes swimming near those cables be like: why suddenly i feel horney 😂

@lauraowen8142

3 жыл бұрын

Pitifully....

@mrflippant

3 жыл бұрын

"On average about twenty-eight percent of daily internet traffic is porn." "When I'm on there, it's thirty." - Erlich Bachman

@mclovin6039

3 жыл бұрын

@@lauraowen8142 why? Some of the oldest art we have could be considered pornographic.

@turgidbanana

2 жыл бұрын

@@lauraowen8142 we get it, you're vegan. 🙄

nothing beats a physical connection!

These channels keep getting better and better. Two topics on my PhD, first landslides and then undersea cables. Now I just need stuff on sonar.

So the next time Someone says they didn't get my email I can assume a shark ate it?

Simon's presentation and delivery is slick and engaging. Nice one!

You, sir, have managed to explain how the Zimmerman Note was intercepted far better than any teacher that covered World War I-era American History.

Brilliantly presented - thanks so much for sharing!

Last week, I watched some testing being performed on a subsea cable commissioned by my employer. I was in the UK and the testing, that I watched real time, was in China! I was able to watch video and verbally interact directly with the test engineers just as I would were I on site. Optical cables are now being added in straighter and more direct routes to shave milliseconds off the latency time to make financial trading more efficient. The additional trading profits more than pay for the manufacturing and installation. It’s a wonderful industry to get into if you are a young person looking for an engineering career sector to work in.

Well done! I'm in the industry and you did a great job of explaining.

Suggestion, again: the construction of Disneyworld: From swamp land to land of magic and dreams.

@Lykapodium

3 жыл бұрын

It's still a swamp, it's just now covered in sparkles and talking rats...

@MashMonster69

3 жыл бұрын

I pray for the swamps to return.

@Lykapodium

3 жыл бұрын

@@MashMonster69 I concur, the Orlando traffic is forever screwed up for all eternity on I-4

@mistbooster

3 жыл бұрын

considering how little was done to the swamp itself... meh, its just like a basic housing complex super sized+some utility tunnels and more screaming children and rats(big and small)

@MashMonster69

3 жыл бұрын

@@mistbooster I'm sure I sound bitter, but 6 rides in a whole day because the lines are so long? Then lunch. Outback Steakhouse prices for food that would allegedly embarass a McDonalds employee.

Although informative I’m afraid this short documentary only scratched the surface of what actually goes on in the cable industry. I’ve been working in the industry for the last 30 years and have worked all over the world laying and repairing telecommunications cables, my job is to operate and maintain subsea equipment that buries the cable in the seabed. The equipment we use, one is called a plow which can weigh up to 34 tones, this is lowered from the stern of the vessel then its towed along the seabed with the cable running through it, the cable is stored in huge cable tanks onboard the vessel, the plow can bury the cable up to 3m into the seabed, this is done through Fishing grounds and shipping anchorage’s. The other bit of kit is a little smaller called a trencher, this is like a bulldozer size vehicle with tracks and has a high pressure water pump fitted and what are called jet legs that straddle the cable, when the water pump is fired up, the high pressure water blows a trench under the cable allowing it to fall into the trench, this is mainly used after a cable has been repaired and laid back on the seabed as shown in the film, this vehicle can also retrieve a broken damaged cable from the sea bed using what’s call a cut and grip method using two manipulators that are attached in front of the trencher. We operate the vehicles remotely from a control room that’s located on the ship deck. These two methods of burying the cable are used on the continental shelf only, once the cable is off the shelf the cables are too deep to bury so it’s called surface laying, There are several different thicknesses of cable depending where the cable is being laid on the seabed, Rock armour, double armour single armour and light weight armour. What also makes up the part of the cable systems are whats called repeaters these amplify the light source over long distances and are a part of the cable system . I could go on and on sorry! Oh! and we’ve never come across sharks damaging cable it’s just an urban myth....! 🤷🏻‍♂️

This is a megaproject that I've always wondered how was made. Thanks for this.

"It's not just sharks with an electrical fetish that we have to worry about"

@freedfree7933

3 жыл бұрын

@David Brooks Sigh...

@jeeukko

3 жыл бұрын

@David Brooks There are often powercables running in the bundle too, for finding faults and powering amplifiers

@roddygraham7131

3 жыл бұрын

@David Brooks There are normally amplifiers every 40Km powered by a single 9000v dc line - these can also have an AC ripple put on them at different frequencies to identify which cable you are following (TSS350 detection).

@PhoenyxAshe

3 жыл бұрын

@@roddygraham7131 And how far damages can run. That's how we found out how much cable had been damaged at one time - ran a signal ping from a known working end. For the record, it's never good when on the numbers come back on an active breakage, and the second level manager starts swearing.

@DavidChipman

2 жыл бұрын

Am I the only one who LOL'd at that?

Off topic, but Alfa-Class Submarine, please!!!!

Fabulous vid Simon, quite happy to see this covered after the first cable video.

Good video. I was a telecommunications technician before I retired. I think fiber optic cable will be around awhile. With new technology they are using multiplexing different wavelengths of light into the same fiber pair. If you had 192Gb with a single wave length, now you can have over a dozen wavelengths on that same fiber pair. One problem with undersea fiber is regulating the repeater current when there is solar activity.

@Hanyousan1661

3 жыл бұрын

The other issue is getting a cable ship dispatched for a repair job before the main financial exchanges find your exact location and bust your kneecaps for leaving them on the redundant path for too long. 😁

@Chris_at_Home

3 жыл бұрын

@@Hanyousan1661 Most networks are of ring topology and can withstand a fiber break.. I have seen rings with redundant patches both directions so you also have equipment redundancy both directions.

@Hanyousan1661

3 жыл бұрын

@@Chris_at_Home Yep. We use 'Red' and 'Blue' or 'Coin A'/'Coin B' to denote our redundant paths (those names are for financial traffic specifically). Its just that in some cases, the redundant path has higher latency and that drives some folks up the wall. The paths have to be properly diversified so one hit doesn't ruin everything but unfortunately, the secondary path is often secondary for a reason. No ring topology on backbone, though. Mainly just a big ol' mesh of point-to-points between our PCOR, PRIV, and EDGE routers using IS-IS. The east coast ones are even more carefully set up, as quite a few of those routers carry DREN circuits. The US Military can get VERY testy when their stuff goes down. 😁 I'm doing some Metro-E right now with rings running on REP and STP. They want to roll out Metro 3.0 using OSPF, but this company is slow as frozen molasses, so I ain't holding my breath. REP is satan incarnate, since it sometimes freaks out for any reason or no reason, or randomly has issues in which it loops ports. I'm sure I don't have to tell you how that goes on a Layer 2 ring...friggen headache to deal with at times. Biggest issue on metro is road crews. FK them and the backhoe/borer/whatever heavy machinery they rode in on. But yeah - backbone networks are definitely not ring topologies. That would not go well for anyone. Cities and towns often have Metro-E (ring topologies) for businesses, and regular old DSLAM/CMTS boxes in the usual configurations for customers.

@Chris_at_Home

3 жыл бұрын

@@Hanyousan1661 some of my duties where I worked we used U NODEs, Alcatel Cisco and Turin muxs In different topology. I also worked on digital microwave and worked at a gateway ES. I’m retired now. We were most of the transport that handed it off to customers in those locations. We didn’t deal with the end customers at all.

"Wireless" will never be as good as cables. Yes, it may be more convenient (for home use) or cheaper (satellites for far-away places), but cables will always be better Radio spectrum is limited - every transmitter is taking up some of it and will interfere with other transmitters on the same frequency. In comparison, you can have 100 fibers in a cable, each carrying 10 or more gigabits per second with no problem. Radio waves are also affected by the weather - rain and snow absorbs some of them etc. Sadly, some people consider cables "old-fashioned" just based on their own home/office needs.

@billcereske7211

3 жыл бұрын

I recently read in the December 2020 QST magazine, about traders using HF radio signals in order to execute trades a millisecond or two faster than the next guy. Apparently, that makes a difference.

@Pentium100MHz

3 жыл бұрын

@@billcereske7211 That could work in specific circumstances, radio waves may have a slightly lower latency because cables usually go around stuff, maybe there is more equipment in the way etc. However, while you can get low latency with radio (though probably not going trough satellites as they are far away), you won't get the throughput. Nowhere close. To get 100gbps you would need about 10GHz of radio bandwidth at SNR 30dB (and once you use that spectrum, you cannot use it for a second link anywhere near the first one, or they will jam each other). Or, you can put up to 192 channels of 100gbps into a single optic fiber using DWDM.

@catchnkill

2 жыл бұрын

Agree. May be "old fashion" is the way how to lay those cables. May be in future we can re-purpose a oil tanker with hundreds of robots to lay undersea cables 10000 km in one trip. So a reasonable wealthy guy can own its own cross pacific or atlantic cable.

2:36 lol the voice crack and then the look around like, i guess we're still filming..

One of the guys I work for is involved in faulting Undersea Fibres from land, using OTDR to give the repair vessel a location. Massive lasers and generators to provide emergency backup power. Pretty crazy stuff !

Lasers on each end keep getting better making a old line even faster

I wrote a paper about one of the original cables, the one put in by Lord Kelvin, in my "history of physics" course at uni. Interesting stuff.

At last, I heard my country mentioned in beardo's Whistler's video, it was among the last to get the fiber optics technology. Greetings from Kenya!!

Another good one Simon thanks for the information

Hi Simon - I love your stuff but two errors I noticed in your intro. First, I'm not sure who told you about the "99.7%" of the speed of light. Light travels at about 300,000 km/s in a vacuum (that's the speed we get taught in school and pub quizzes). But optical fiber is made of glass. The refractive index of glass is about 1.5 (give or take), so light actually travels through fibre at about 200,000 km/s. There are experiments to build fiber that has hollow cores (typically filled with an inert gas), so the optical signal would travel at very nearly 300,000 km/s (maybe that's where the 99.7% came from) but that may never happen in reality - lots of technical challenges that may just kill the idea - think of it like nuclear fusion in that it's always X years away. The second error is when you explain when we'd use fibre links or satellite. A subsea cable like MAREA cost about $300M and can potentially transmit about 200 Tb/s in total (each of the eight fibre pairs may be using different vendors' equipment so they will perform differently, but that's a roughly accurate number). The Starlink constellation has a cost of about $10 billion and a total capacity of about 24 Tb/s. So satellites are WAY MORE expensive and have WAY LESS capacity than fibre links. The reason you would use satellite is if fiber links are not practical (like in a cruise ship or airliner - remember those from before Covid?), or not available (like if you live in a cute Shropshire cottage, or if you're a farmer).

I've thought about these things growing up as the internet and social media spread throughout the world. It's nuts to think of all the data sent through those connections and natural oceanic conditions.

Simon - Just got to say that you appear to be the hardest sodding KZreadr out there! I keep discovering channels you host! Keep up the good and hard work good sir

Great video, I work in the industry and when we have a fault it is amazing to see how quickly (in relative terms) they fix the faults, Hibernia look after a lot of our connections and like calling out an Openreach Engineer (UK, ie AT&T in the US) to fix a fault, They call out a repair ship. When we get big events and big game releases (Call of Duty 250Gb) we can see upwards of 7TB/s of data crossing our network, Companies like google, MS. FB, Amazon do move a lot of data packets but the circuits are leased, The big players for optic fibre are people like Zayo, Centurylink. Even in the UK we are moving towards 1TB/s connections in the heart of our communication infrastructure. Just imagine if every household in the UK had a FTTP ( Fibre to the Premiss) connection with a min 300mb and they all started streaming a 4k film or used that full 300mb/sec, it would collapse the infrastructure. Just imagine the infrastructure as a skeleton. The fingers can be smaller but the Spine and Ribs need to be big ,This is where fibre is amazing, There is noting faster than light! In the future yes they may make faster hardware at each end but that little glass fibre in-between will last forever. Cough… as long as the glass quality can sustain higher rates of data without casuing errors due to manufacturing issues*

Problems and breakages aren't just caused in the water itself, either. In the early-mid '90's, I was working for AT&T in their "Cable Hazard" or "Cable Protection" group (whichever title the speaker found "cooler" at the time. Just a few months after starting, I wound up being the one taking the call for a major breakage under the San Francisco Bay. The cause? A construction crew on the highway hadn't given the full range of the construction. The length of highway they had mentioned was listed as "Non Involved", ie., our cable was not in the area the crews would be digging. Unfortunately, the project actually ran much further... and further down, not only did AT&T have buried cable, but so did Pacific Gas and Electric (PG&E). One of our local techs happened to be driving past the site and noticed a backhoe sitting oddly along the road. Knowing there was cable there, he pulled over to see what was going on - and promptly called us. I listened as he described how, near as he could tell, the blade of the backhoe had sliced into not only our fiber optic cable, but PG&E's electrical line as well. I say "near as he could tell" because most of what he could see in the growing darkness were sparks and pooled water from the rain. No way he was going down into that, and I can't blame him. I won't bore anyone with the process used to figure out how much cable was damaged, but in wound up being around 2500 feet - the majority of that at the bottom of the Bay. That might not sound like much, but when the cost of the cable is listed as "per inch"... ouch. And that's before the cost of re-installing the replacement.

England: Greetings subjects of the crown, 16 hours later, America: hey, wat up

I remember the days when overseas phone calls went via satellite. The call quality was fine but the round-trip delay up to geostationary orbit and back sometimes made conversations awkward. In my work we use satellite data but there's no need for realtime response so one uplink in the back parking lot covers the entire country.

@dewiz9596

3 жыл бұрын

I remember watching TV, usually live newscasts, where the sound and video would be sent y different methods. . . some cable, some satellite (I’m inferring), resulting in noticeable synchronization problems between sound and picture. Even now, sometimes when I’m watching a bicycle race from Europe on the internet, I’ve seen discrepancies ad much as 15 seconds, but that must be due to something else entirely.

@SeanBlader

3 жыл бұрын

This is exactly why satellite tv and radio work excellently, but satellite internet is terrible. On the other hand Starlink's LEO satellites are a different story. People think of space as really far away, but most people on earth are closer to space than they are to an ocean... 100km or 62 miles. So Low Earth Orbit satellites can be very quick both ways, but they are still limited in bandwidth compared to a wire. what-if.xkcd.com/58/

@springbok4015

3 жыл бұрын

I remember those overseas calls with the delay. There would always be a few moments of awkwardness when talking over the person you were speaking to. Much quicker now.

@psychiatry-is-eugenics

3 жыл бұрын

Can still see the delay with reporters ? Lot of videos show the reporter waiting

One point that Simon glossed right over: He said that signals pass through the optical fibers at the speed of light. While that IS true, the speed of light IN FIBER is only about 2/3 the speed of light IN A VACUUM or through air. This fun fact feeds into the effort to build a new series of microwave communication links between New York and Chicago, following the straightest possible route, in order to get data back and forth as fast as possible. Note that it's only about 800 miles between New York and Chicago. At the speed of light in a vacuum, a message would need only about 4 milliseconds to make the trip. In fiber, it need 50% more, so 6 milliseconds. It's evidently worth millions of dollars to build a communication link to shave 2 milliseconds off the time for a message to make the trip.

@AZOffRoadster

3 жыл бұрын

He also didn't mention StarLink. That'll make microwave obsolete due to cost/speed.

Very happy to see you video SER THANK YOU VERY MUCH WISHING YOU PLESEND WEEKEND.

Megaproject Suggestion. Longest deep bore ice core in Antarctica. Took years, loads of drama with it and they found some cool stuff like a fresh water lake under the ice containing previously unknown lifeforms. Would go Well with the other hole projects that are popular Speaking of deep holes, how about the Kidd Mine as well?

@ronniefnd

3 жыл бұрын

I second this.

@nicolainielsen7700

3 жыл бұрын

I third this.

@honderdzeventien

3 жыл бұрын

Hmm, yeah. I'll watch it. For sure

@ajitsen6927

3 жыл бұрын

Sounds like my girlfriend to me ...

Where's the blaze, Simon?!! It's been four days.. I'm having withdrawals! This cocaine isn't gonna snort itself.

@offrails

3 жыл бұрын

That makes me wonder if Danny finally escaped

@beagleissleeping5359

3 жыл бұрын

@@offrails 🤣

@donatodiniccolodibettobardi842

3 жыл бұрын

@@offrails They still have a backlog of videos and scripts probably.

As always, great video, thank you

Amazing video. Love this type of engineering detail

2:00 - Chapter 1 - Cables & our lives 3:15 - Chapter 2 - The 1st cable 3:55 - Chapter 3 - The all red line 5:15 - Chapter 4 - WWI 6:30 - Chapter 5 - Cold war 8:00 - Chapter 6 - Fibre optic arrives 9:30 - Chapter 7 - Modern day 11:40 - Chapter 8 - Dangers to the cables 13:30 - Chapter 9 - What's next ?

Do a megaproject on Harrier jump jet

@JHorkan

3 жыл бұрын

Think he may have already on one of his channels

This episode was awesome just like all the others! I have a recommandation for a video, it’s the Allegheny steam locomotive, it was apparently only rivaled in strength by the Big Boy. Even today people still argue which locomotive was stronger.

Thank you so much for this!! I've wondered about tjis since I was a kid!!

Gonna make sure my emails are waterproof from now on!

As I recall, part of what made the Soviet wire tapping so effective was the information going through it, had little to no encryption. The Soviet's just, didn't worry about that cable, so didn't bother.

@David-lr2vi

3 жыл бұрын

They probably thought no one would put in the effort required to try and tap it.

Used to work for MCI Worldcon, UUnett and Cable, and Wireless. Working on TAT# and others. Amazing working one end and imagining just how far away the other engineer is. Had issues on one commissioning project and had a phone electrical taped to my head for 7 hours. Loved it! Still washing the Shmoo off me 25 odd years later!

This is such a strategic vulnerability and it’s stunning that we don’t have enough coverage to protect or defend this resource.

Suggestion: The Erie Canal. It's even kind enough to have its own song, The Erie Canal Song, making it that much easier for your editor.

@richardbergholdt6181

3 жыл бұрын

Lots of songs. My dad sang an obscure one. A folksong tuber could do an hour show just on that.

I was terminating a section of fiber between NY and London and was at the London office talking with my counterpart in NY. We were checking which connectors were attached at both ends just to verify everything was correct. It was pretty cool that we were firing lasers at each other across the Atlantic and getting instant results. The bad part of the job was having to collect OTDR results for all 512 pairs going in both directions. It was a nightmare.

@psychiatry-is-eugenics

3 жыл бұрын

Optical time domain reflectometer

@DirtyRobot

3 жыл бұрын

@@psychiatry-is-eugenics They are pretty cool instruments. We had a fibre problem between locations, the link was 2.4km. I blasted the OTDR on the link and a big attenuation showed up 622m from the test point. Got the papers to go and check it out and found the issue in the exact place the plans indicated. Bad splice in an underground conduit. OTDR is an amazing tool.

I just installed an update today of a program I use to create floorplans; the program is cloud-based, and the company it belongs to is in Norway -- I live in Atlanta, GA. This is truly remarkable, by any standard or metric.

No joke, I was actually wondering about this last week.

Next video on starlink?

@acmiguens

3 жыл бұрын

Battle for Atlas?

@johntheux9238

3 жыл бұрын

@@acmiguens Spacex's starlink xD

@acmiguens

3 жыл бұрын

@@johntheux9238 That would be cooler if StarFox was a part of it ;P

Cables will always be there because they are immune to solar flairs. When the satellites all go out, we still got the cables.

@mangot589

3 жыл бұрын

Good point.

@elliejones9436

3 жыл бұрын

Too bad the supporting infrastructure for the cables will still get fried.

@StephenShawCanada

3 жыл бұрын

@@elliejones9436 Better point.

@donatodiniccolodibettobardi842

3 жыл бұрын

And all the phones, tablets and PCs.

@mangot589

3 жыл бұрын

@@elliejones9436 I don’t believe so.🤔 I still have a land line, and it doesn’t depend on any of those things.

I think this is your best video and comments in a while!

For 8 months I lived in an apartment in Penzance, Cornwall that used to be the building housing the first landing station for communication cables that were run from Britain to the U.S, South Africa and Australia...fascinating history with that building...

Video Recommendation: USS Nautilus SSN-571 The First Nuclear Submarine

So umm recommendations Exxon Valdez The Transocean event The keystone pipeline The cowboys stadium The Mercedes Benz stadium in Atlanta The tiger 2 tank

Excellent video, both thumbs up!

Simon, your globes are freaking out flat earthers... Please continue...

Two suggestions: Star Link Star Citizen

@balthazargelos7157

3 жыл бұрын

I love the idea of doing a video game! Star Citizen is a good option.

@danielduncan6806

3 жыл бұрын

@@balthazargelos7157 Star Citizen does not qualify. There are actually _many_ games that qualify for it ahead of Star Citizen.

@tomtheplummer7322

3 жыл бұрын

Stargate

@donatodiniccolodibettobardi842

3 жыл бұрын

@@danielduncan6806 Star Sitizen is more of a Blaze material, honestly.

@balthazargelos7157

3 жыл бұрын

@@danielduncan6806 Oh wow! The person who gets to determine what does and doesn't qualify is here! Mind if I ask what you were thinking on the 5 years soviet plans?

Nowadays the NSA doesnt need to send divers to the cables, they simply enforce all "friendly" countries to just let them have all the data, otherwise they may be considered an "enemy" and require "liberating".

I could tell you some more about the fiber optic cables in the ocean since I turned up PTAT1 back in 1989. That cable tripled the capacity across the Atlantic and the cost was $550 Million. (tom Meserole)

great vid as always!

How about the grandma who accidentaly cut out the whole internet of Armenia 😂

@ilikecheese4518

3 жыл бұрын

wait rly

@TheJube97

3 жыл бұрын

@@ilikecheese4518 put it on search😂

@TheJube97

3 жыл бұрын

@@ilikecheese4518 kzread.info/dash/bejne/iZuT17p8icjAY5M.html

Do they run underneath the oceans or in the oceans?

@renierbarnard2999

3 жыл бұрын

On the floor bed, not underneath the oceans, but in the water stuck to the sea bed

@prestoncheapbtheadphoneste3010

3 жыл бұрын

😑😐

Fun fact: circa 1895-1905 the circumference of the earth was measured by US Coast and Geodetic Survey. And that was by Telegraph to determine precise longitudes along the route.

Raising Chicago isn't a mega project but this is. This should be a side project too, bro. Fuck it, everything's a side project now. God damn it, Simon.

All this technology and yet residential internet in canada is getting worse.

@springbok4015

3 жыл бұрын

Damn, why’s that? I was just thinking 10 years ago I had a 4mbps ADSL line and now have a gigabit line thanks to fiber.

@AZOffRoadster

3 жыл бұрын

See if you qualify for StarLink.

God has really blessed us with the knowledge and abilities to make things like this happen and work. Thanks again Simon.

As a person who used to design fiber optic computer networks, it is hilarious to watch someone without a technical background try to relate technical information.

@jamesharding3459

3 жыл бұрын

Oh ya. Sometimes I consider myself lucky to “just” be studying civil engineering. Lot easier to explain than other technical stuff, I suspect.

Yeah big ups to this man on the vidya!

I have fiber optic wired direct to my computer, even with the most high tech wireless card and router, (which ive tried) the difference in latency and data transmission speed is so shockingly apparent it is easily visible. Hard wiring just makes sense when you want high quality, and that gos for audio too millennials...LOL!!

Simon,still waiting for you to do a video about the original world trade center that was destroyed on september 11th,2001

Great upload

Yay!!...my request!!....Thank you Simon...

There's a good reason for submarine cables being proffered over satellite links for some financial transactions. Speed. Satellite links may involve up and down hops. In the days before low earth orbit satellite constellations the time delay was enough for submarine to be just at bit (!) quicker. Time is money when buying or selling shares - get your order in first and make moe profit before your order changed the price.

3:00 Breaking up those monopolies is long overdue.

Smashed that like button for Simon switching to Shatner-voice for the last few words of the intro.

The performance for telephone communication is much better with cable. 40-50 years ago there was an annoying delay when talking to a person on another continent because of the time it took for radio signals to travel to and from satellites. Now with fiber optics, the delay is hardly noticeable.

The undersea cable maps are pretty cool and mindboggling (just google "undersea cable map" and you'll get a bunch of results). I'd like to see a good video of how the cables are repaired (I get the splicing and pulling up, I meant actually repairing the fiber optics) but only found general animations. I did read that some companies are starting to bury their undersea cables to protect them better.

Thanks Simon. Just contributing to the undersea internet traffic!

15:05 aah good old flashbacks to travelling through a Stargate

Please do SAAB JAS 39 Gripen the largest project in Sweden's industrial history! Interesting and revolutionary, and paved the way for all modern fighter jets we see today