I'm a telecoms engineer that installs fibre and we use red lights to find faults in our telecoms network. The light once shone through can be seen through the fibre at a few kilometers! 👌🏽

@userunfriendly9304

8 ай бұрын

I love that fiber optics can use different wavelengths. I hope that our technology becomes so precise that billions of wavelengths can be used on a single line.

@TiSapph

8 ай бұрын

​@@userunfriendly9304 A single mode fiber usually has an operating range of a couple hundred nanometres already. If the wavelength is too low, higher modes are allowed (limits data rates) and if the wavelength is too large, it won't be guided anymore. You can get "endlessly singlemode" photonic crystal fibers, which have a very wide operating range, but they are stupid expensive. The bigger issue is that glass absorbs the light. You get the lowest absorption at 1310nm and 1550nm, so for long distance you are pretty much limited to those two bands. But thankfully that's more than enough for data transfer. Technically a single wavelength source is enough for insane data speeds, however it's more practical use multiple different wavelengths that are close to 1310 or 1550. With dense wavelength division multiplexing we can currently we can squeeze around 100 channels with 100Gbit/s each into that wavelength range. If you increase the number of channels your maximum data rate per channel will go down as the channels will start to overlap

@xXMaDGaMeR

8 ай бұрын

wow super interesting!

@zorilaz

8 ай бұрын

What the heck is a fiber engineer?

@drstefankrank

8 ай бұрын

@@userunfriendly9304 Currently 64 wavelengths are common. It's hard to separate them if the wavelengths are too narrow to each other. You also can't spread too far out, because the reflective index varies with wavelength for the used glass inside. Still impressive. 25 Gbit/s per second on a single wavelength is 1.6TBit/s on a single strand of fibre. One fibre cable can have thousands of strands without getting too bulky.

I thought the reason why we shouldn't bend the fiber optic cable too much is because the glass inside would snap

@TheActionLab

8 ай бұрын

that too!

@mike1024.

8 ай бұрын

I was actually amazed that the glass didn't snap, but I guess it was much thinner than other fiber-optic cables I've encountered in the past.

@NavinF

8 ай бұрын

@@mike1024. Modern fiber is very resilient. I've slammed cabinet doors on them and seen no loss in signal. I'm sure you lose a little, but it's too small for cheap 10gbps optics to measure.

@mike1024.

8 ай бұрын

@@NavinF Good to know! I haven't looked at a fiberoptic cable in several years.

@clairecelestin8437

8 ай бұрын

@@NavinFThe phrase "cheap 10gbps optics" sent me into a time warp and made me realize that we live in the future

Surprising that you didn't mention Lene Hau at all. In 2001 she became the first person to stop light completely, using a Bose Einstein Condensate.

@michelletadmor8642

8 ай бұрын

stop light from what?

@-never-gonna-give-you-up-

8 ай бұрын

I can stop light completely too... using a light switch....

@ElijahPerrin80

8 ай бұрын

Thank you, fascinating experiment.

@vaisakhkm783

8 ай бұрын

@@michelletadmor8642 not just stopping.. she made it go at 17 m/s...

@odbo_One

8 ай бұрын

Did she close her eyes?

I love how this channel brings a sense of whimsy to science. Thank you for your material!

@weblure

5 ай бұрын

The pseudoscience and science fiction in this channel is very whimsical indeed. The scam product sponsorship was the cherry on top, lol

@abdou.the.heretic

5 ай бұрын

​@@weblureSponsorblock. It made youtube watchable again instead of endless pitches for Nord Shark Shadows Mafia Legends

The trouble is light is invisible until it illuminates something visible, and once that's true, light has left the system because it's dispersing everywhere. So even if you successfully trap light in a perfectly reflecting fiber optic cable, it's such a tiny amount length wise that it would require an extremely slow motion camera to witness the exiting light illuminating anything.

@vaakdemandante8772

8 ай бұрын

light is information/energy and the fiber optic cable does not have much capacity for storing that energy or to put it in other way, its ability to decrease entropy is limited.

@geemy9675

8 ай бұрын

@@vaakdemandante8772 damn...I hoped I could replace my ev batttery with a small loop of optic fiber 😀 ok no problem I'll just replace it with electrons in a loop of superconductor 👍superconductor can actually fix the decay of the signal, because there is actually ZERO resistance. but there is a limit for the amps you can pump before the magnetic field breaks the superconducting effect. EDIT funny you can actually store energy as magnetic field in a superconducting coild, but its very low density BUT extremely fast charge/discharge (under a ms)

@ThunderCat19D

7 ай бұрын

So a sort of water isn't wet water makes things wet. Light isn't light it illuminates things.

@mgancarzjr

7 ай бұрын

​@@ThunderCat19Dit's an interesting way to exchange energy from one piece of matter to another An excited electron emits a photon which then excites another electron which emits another photon to get back to ground state, etc.

@rearmisser

6 ай бұрын

extremely is an understatement 😂

The speed of light can be slowed down depending on the medium it travels through. This may be a fun concept to look into to further explore light confinement.

@drmaheshkumar4913

8 ай бұрын

Actually refractive index of a medium is nothing but the ratio of speed. Speed of light in air is about 3*10^9 m/sec and in water its speed is 2*10^9m/sec if we divide the speed of light in air by that in water we actually just get the refractive index of water. Diamond has one of the highest refractive index of 2.4. Hence although it slows down the speed of light by 2.4 times ,the speed is still way to high and hence does not make a difference.

@Milesco

8 ай бұрын

I like to explore a little light confinement now and then. 🔗 🔒 😉

@critopadolf5534

8 ай бұрын

But won’t a slower speed of light mean more energy lost per meter traveled?

@beardymcbeardface69

8 ай бұрын

With respect to electrical conductors, one thing I found very interesting was that the speed of electrons of AC signals in conductors, has far more to do with what the insulation material is, than what the electrical conductor material is. This phenomena becomes more and more pronounced as the AC signal frequency increases.

@cristianjuarez1086

8 ай бұрын

You can't slow down the speed of light because its constant. You can only make it go a longer path

The thickness of a fible optic cable core depends on what kind it is. If it is multimode, it is typically 50 microns which is around the thinkness of a human hair. Single mode cables are around 9 microns, a 5th (not a 10th) of a human hair. The closup you show is a thicker multimode one, the one you play with a single mode.

@AKAtheA

8 ай бұрын

except that's just the core, the fiber also has cladding, bringing the OD to 125 microns for both multi and single mode...

@WouterVerbruggen

8 ай бұрын

@@AKAtheA yes, like I specify in the first sentence XD

@ker6349

8 ай бұрын

Bro stopped reading 7 words in lmao

@the_ALchannel

8 ай бұрын

Is that why at 3:05 light is in two bright spots on the output of the cable? Is that a cross-section of the intensity of the propagating mode?

@ultimateearrapechannel31

7 ай бұрын

@@WouterVerbruggennooit gedacht hier een nederlander tegen te komen

Action lab never fails to entertain and "enlighten" me 😀

@frenesisseredsmoker1831

8 ай бұрын

This pun brightened my day

@The_BananamanMC

8 ай бұрын

If i had a "sun" he would love that pun Edit: ooh a rhyme

@Vordikk

14 күн бұрын

@@frenesisseredsmoker1831 sometimes im seeing bright light sparks with closed eyes when sleeping. I thought that's a bug, but seemingly this is Action Lab turns on his 100000000 lumen flashlight on other side of the planet.

My father developed a method to splice fiber-optic cables back in the early 80s when he was in the Air Force. Prior to that, full replacement was the only option. Because it was while on duty, he could not patent the process. However, he did receive a $10k "Ideas" award for his efforts.

@DeezNutz-ce5se

8 ай бұрын

Should've quit his job and patent. Would been a millionaire

@awgunner429

8 ай бұрын

@@DeezNutz-ce5se you can't just quit the military.

@user-uc2qy1ff2z

8 ай бұрын

​@@awgunner429you can hide your invention and patent it later.

@IntegerOfDoom

8 ай бұрын

You confused "can't" with "shouldn't" a mistake I see far too many make.@@awgunner429

@marcusaurelius2013

8 ай бұрын

@@awgunner429 Then he should've kept the idea to himself until he was out of the military.

You’ve taught me so much physics and inspired me to take a physics class over the summer which has expanded my knowledge so much and I understand your videos so much better and I understand my other studies better because it’s changed the way I think about things

You are the science teacher that I needed in high school. Love your videos!

@prestonburton8504

5 ай бұрын

Amen - Amen! and collage as well- he is a perfect model for how teaching should be approached.

During the Apollo missions they left reflectors on the moon. They then shot a laser beam from earth at it to measure the distance to the moon very accurately. What they have effectively done is storing a beam of light for about 2.5 seconds.

@nkronert

7 ай бұрын

A long time ago someone actually suggested that it would be possible to store up to a gigabit of information by modulating the laser beam shot at the Moon, decoding the returned light pulses and resending them immediately. A gigabit was a lot of information at the time😊

@sitproperlywhilewatchingph423

7 ай бұрын

​@@nkronertso storing the info by sending it back and forth ?

@nkronert

7 ай бұрын

@@sitproperlywhilewatchingph423 you send it to the retro reflector on the moon and catch the returning signal, process it and send it out to the moon again.

@person8064

7 ай бұрын

​@@nkronert that's the principal behind harder drives; they use wifi signals bouncing around the atmosphere to store information

@nkronert

7 ай бұрын

@@person8064 can you elaborate on that please? I've not heard of this before.

Just a thought that while light is entering the bend in the closed loop, it is also escaping through the same bend. You would need some kind of 1-way photon valve to do a proper test.

@u1zha

8 ай бұрын

Yeah, holding it in the flashlight for prolonged time achieves nothing extra. The moment when bend is straightened again, that's when some photons will be caught bouncing inside, as they don't manage to escape. But that's such a tiny amount, can't be expected to be noticeable to human eye in these tests _even if_ it was not subject to absorption.

Although it is a fun thought experiment, I think it is pointless to even try for another reason (but also connected to the lightspeed). Not only are the internal losses (cumulatively) so high that the energy dissipates almost instantly after killing the source, but I do believe that you physically cannot close the loop fast enough after shining light into it to even suggest there was a "stream of light circling in the loop (me paraphrasing)". The time you take to straighten out the fiber is something close to eternity in lightspeed terms. So it is safe to say that the optical fiber has gone dark beyond any all-day means of measuring long before you switched the lamp off at 8:26 ....

Great video ! I've worked with fibre cables for many years, but not seen some of the things you demonstrated today before.

Great demo of the general principles of fibre optics, and the behaviour of optical fibres. I enjoy this channel and hope it has lots of younger followers.

You explained this concept better than my physics teacher did when I went to school.

@dvoiceotruth

8 ай бұрын

RIP physics teacher

@talayoki6989

8 ай бұрын

@@dvoiceotruth first of all, she is alive and her child is younger than me and second, the equipment we had for experiments was made in USSR. I graduated from gymnasium 4 years ago. This concludes that our schools are still broke.

YOUR PRODUCTION QUALITY HAS INCREASED AND I LOVE IT.

The speed of light is just unfathomable 😮. Even after so many reflections, and a long fibre cable, the pass through after he connects the laser still seems instantaneous.

@Welgeldiguniekalias

8 ай бұрын

Speed itself is unfathomable, since motion is always relative to your point of reference. If the universe is expanding at the speed of light, and you were to pick one point on the edge of the universe and then move towards it at the speed of light, keeping the distance between yourself and the point of reference constant, at which speed are you moving away from the opposite side? Physics hurts my brain. I'm glad I'm just a salesman who needn't worry about such matters.

@katrinabryce

8 ай бұрын

And in computer therms it is actually really slow, 30cm/ns. In a 10Gb cable, the individual pulses of data are spaced 3cm apart as they move down the cable.

@dugebuwembo

8 ай бұрын

Light can travel 7.48 times around the entire earth in a loop in 1 second.

@MeppyMan

8 ай бұрын

And yet it’s so slow when you start to zoom out to astronomical scales.

@SumitPalTube

8 ай бұрын

Yes, it takes millions and millions of years to reach from the furthest corners of our universe. FTL travel is the holy grail of science fiction.

Always dreamed of "light trapping" but my theory utilized two way mirrors in a tetrahedron type of ball with multiple surfaces reflecting at many different angles. I do like the fiber cable experiment though AND you should visit Lucent Technologies in Georgia to get a longer fiber optic cable.

Light changes speed through different mediums. Not sure if this would even be possible but a hypothetical material that slows down light to a literal crawl. Then you could "capture" some light from one place and let it out somewhere else.

@BriShep123

8 ай бұрын

Isn't that exactly what Lene Hau did?

@spudhead169

8 ай бұрын

@@BriShep123 No clue, that's a name I've never heard before, but you've given me something interesting to research.

Phosphorescent materials, known as glow in the dark pigments, are the answer to the question at the end of the video. They absorb light at a short wavelength and emit it at a longer wavelength that they shouldn't be able to, so the light they should emit is trapped and leaking out slowly due to quantum effects.

The idea of trapping light in a mirror room has toyed with my mind since I was about 8 years old. This video MADE MY DAY!

@georgedunkelberg5004

2 ай бұрын

Research Kurt Vonnegut's "LEAKS"

I know something similar to this happens with different kinds of light/electromagnetic waves such as the case with of the waveguide in a microwave oven that guides microwaves into the cooking chamber as well as the ionosphere that enables the long-distance propagation on longwave radio waves such as the ones used in A.M. radios.

If the angle required is not too strict, you could design a Y connector that takes light from 2 sources into one outlet, then just loop that outlet into one of the intakes. That way you have one intake free to kick it off and any light will just go on and loop, without the need to connect/disconnect anything.

@KidStradivarius

5 ай бұрын

I wondered about this also!

I was hiding behind the couch when you shot that powerful torch into the fibre . I was worried you would send the beam both ways at once and make a particle accelerator, and when the beams met they would produce a black hole and obliterate the earth. But you must have got the angle just perfect to only send it one way. Well done... talk about phew!

I had the exact question of can we capture light, thanks for such an awesome video!

How can it be “perfect” reflection in water, glass, etc if you can see it? Wouldn’t that still mean there’s losses and it’s less than 100%?

@wjh31

8 ай бұрын

The reflection is perfect, but as it travels through the bulk of the water there's still a small amount that gets scattered which allows the beam to be seen as it passes the water.

@Oobservatory_X

8 ай бұрын

Reflection total 100% but the water is scattering the light and changing its parth as a result you see light beam

@humanbeing4995

7 ай бұрын

The surface is perfectly reflective. Where is the light coming from and ending up? Hope this answers your question.

4:30 makes me think you might be able to see a faint glow from the coil of fiber if you look at it in a completely dark room.

@TiSapph

8 ай бұрын

You can, though those thick jacket fibers block it pretty well. With the thinner 900um jacket fibers it's much more visible.

Know what I'd love to see? A cable 186k miles long, culed up, so that if you shine light in one end, you'll see it come out the other a second later.

@MeppyMan

8 ай бұрын

Problem is you would need a lot of repeaters and amplifiers. So it wouldn’t be the “same” photons.

@andreassheriff

8 ай бұрын

@@MeppyMan good point

"I don't know if you heard this already, but light moves very fast"🤯

Wow! I knew how fiber optic cables worked but it did not occur to me to “store light” but on second thought I figured it would dissipate at some point because getting 100% percent “efficiency” just seems impossible.

@Dumbrarere

8 ай бұрын

Seems? It genuinely is with our current level of technology, because it breaks the laws of thermodynamics. As with everything else made by human hands, there are expected losses with fiber optics. To send a signal extremely long distances, you need to make use of repeaters placed at equidistant intervals, and the loss of any one of these repeaters will disrupt the signal entirely (they are quite fragile and prone to electromagnetic damage from solar storms apparently). While it is theoretically possible to send a signal through an infinitely long optical cable (say one from an earth base to the moon or a geosynchronous satellite), you'd need an absurd number of repeaters, and it gets exponentially more difficult to keep the signal intact. I'd dare say, it becomes quite impossible after some point, as it's just not practical, nor worthwhile. At current, lasers are being developed and used to handle optical communications at extreme ranges. NASA tested one back in 2021 with the Laser Communications Relay Demonstration (LCRD) mission, and the technology is currently used by Starlink and a few other examples. That said though, he does say that while impossible, the concept still has uses.

We learn about refraction and TIR in class 7th or 8th in India But saw the fibre for the first time like this..... beautiful ❤

Im a network consultant so much of this is Knowledge ive already got, but wow, I never thought to test an SFP with a multimeter! Very good idea!

"I don't know if you've heard this already but light moves very fast" -Action Lab 2023

It is the experiment I imagined in sixth grade when I was first introduced by optic cables in my computer science class. I think you performed the experiment for me.

I've always wanted to build my own home and use even cheaper plastic fiber optics that run from outside my house to the basement and center of the home to give off light during the day. Always thought how cool it would be to light up my house with the sun rather than electricity. And as i typed this, i thought why not have a centralized light source that can be "dampened" rather than individual lights in every room. Anyways, friday night thoughts are done. lol

@BimotaMoon

8 ай бұрын

This is worth watching a video on :D Anyone know of cases where fiber-optics are used with the sun being the light source?

@geli95us

8 ай бұрын

@@BimotaMoon You'd need a lot of cables to cover enough area to light up a room, and at that point, why not just use a solar panel?

@xGOKOPx

8 ай бұрын

There's a town in Norway I think that's entirely in the shadow of a mountain for most of the year, they've placed giant mirrors to shine sunlight on the central square because mental health of inhabitants was negatively affected by the constant shadow

We had really long rolls of optical fiber at work years ago, maybe 50 kilometers. It was unsheathed and spooled in a plastic box so it wasn't that big. We used it for testing fiber communications equipment in a lab with latency like you'd get once installed in the real world. We never tried looping it but I bet the lasers would not have made it around those spools too many times. It'd be detectable with equipment (optical time domain reflectometer) but not visually. Some of the equipment also contained sections of doped fiber that were pumped by a laser of a different wavelength and those could actually amplify the light in the fiber without converting it to an electrical signal first. That would have been interesting to connect in a loop but we didn't. Most long haul laser communications gear will power down the lasers if they don't see a valid signal, that's to protect the eyes of the technician who unplugs the wrong patch fiber and looks at it.

Thanks for the great explanation. I’ve always found fiber optics fascinating.

Even if the trapped light did not dissipate, you would only see a few nano seconds of it when you let it out. So you probably could not see it anyways without a really really high speed camera.

@psirvent8

8 ай бұрын

What about the Slo Mo Guys then ?

@BimotaMoon

8 ай бұрын

A detector would be more effective in this case... (just now realizing thats all cameras are... photon detectors)

@DrDeuteron

8 ай бұрын

Maybe a pulse yag laser doubled to green. That’s a megawatt for a few nanoseconds per pulse.

Since there’s an “acceptance cone,” ( 3:20 )couldn’t you have one fiber supplying light next to the end of the loop? Would that technically build up how much light was in there?

@u1zha

8 ай бұрын

Yup I believe that should work, good idea for a follow up video

the fact that you can see the light on the outside, itself disproves the claim of trapping light

This is how Fiber lasers achieve way more output than input. A group of diodes lase into a fiber optic loop and builds up and is then released at a higher output

My Fish Aquarium always does this, and its really bright.

@nuLabi

8 ай бұрын

but it would only fully reflect from the surface of the water

6:28 there was no need to show the video of your last colonoscopy... 😉

"what's your idea to store light for as long time as possible in a confined space?" me: light bulb

As a systems administrator, I deal a lot with FOC's. Let me tell you, its so much easier to work with as if theres a sever in the line, you can find out exactly where it is

Holy crap! I've been theorizing for a few years about sending light through a coil, in a loop. This method could actually do it!

@MrT------5743

8 ай бұрын

You missed inventing this technology by about half a century. The first fiber optic cable was invented in the 1950's.

Love your videos❤️❤️❤️

What if the fiber core had some sort of shallow y-fitting where you inject it from the branch, and then the main line is the actual loop?

That’s what I work with daily. And you even had an SFP. That’s a bend insensitive type of wire meaning it’s less prone to loss with tighter bends. The fibers that travel kilometers are usually not bend insensitive due to cost and usually need to maintain a bend radius not smaller than a pop can. The light that travels through them is IR that is outside the range cameras can see. Some people don’t realize this and look into an open fitting thinking there is visible light. This is dangerous because the light is invisible yet high intensity and at the least will cause permanent blind spots in your eyes. What’s kind of crazy is the connectors must be impeccably clean to minimize loss. For this we use handheld microscopes and tip cleaners. Dust specs even 1/10th of that 1/10th “human hair” sized fiber will cause loss. Which can be easily picked up from air exposure. The style you have with the blue connectors are flat faced tips. The style more commonly being used today are green (apsc) which have slanted faced tips. This is to reduce reflectivity back into the fiber, upstream. Think of it like a window you when look outside. You can see some of your own reflection in the window depending on light conditions. But If look through a window off angle your own image isn’t directed back at you. One of the downsides to slanted connectors though is that when they meet through a bulkhead, they exert the pressure (psi) of the standing foot of an elephant against each other. The slants cause a slight diversion and the 1/10th human hair sized openings on the connectors tend to eclipse each other which is why mechanical connectors (splices) are inherent to more loss than fusion splices.

If 100% of the light is reflected off the surface of the water, we wouldn't be able to see it from above.

@ceray4312

8 ай бұрын

we only see the light that has scattered from the laser hitting water molecules. Thats how we can see lasers and so that dosent mean its not reflecting 100%

@westonding8953

8 ай бұрын

We would not be able to see the laser in that case.

@pierrelabrecque8979

8 ай бұрын

@@ceray4312 can the way we observe light in waveform be analogues to only being able to see waves on a pond in contrast to the surface only. Just observation and no instruments? Or should I begin a medication regiment?

@anurimapal7768

8 ай бұрын

I think it's called Tyndall effect

@ceray4312

8 ай бұрын

@@pierrelabrecque8979 tbh I dont really understand what you mean by 'surface only', but firstly we dont see the waveform of light with just our eyes and secondly whether light is a wave or particle is up to debate (look up double slit experiment) so its not like water

On top of being an incredibly informative and brilliantly interesting video as everyone of your videos always are that BEAR device is cool beans!

During the cold war on the West side of the Berlin Wall in remote areas of the wall the U.S. installed a Fiber Optic X,Y grid that was buried in the ground it was used for vehicle detection. The way it worked was that the Fiber Optic cable was laid out in an X,Y grid many meters wide that followed along the wall. The points where the X fiber crossed over the Y fiber was a grid reference point such as X1/Y1, or X10/Y20 , Y50/X32 and so on. The cables had light running through them all the time and the light level that was going in and was coming out of the cables was measured. If a vehicle drove over the cable the compression of the ground caused a reduction of the light level through the intersecting cables at or near the grid points where the vehicle was passing over the cable allowing the location of the vehicle to be determined using the grids closest reference points.

Trapping light in a fiber cable loop was invented by the guy that proved the fridge light stays on when the door is closed.

Video idea: trapping electric currents in superconducting wires. Electrons flow without resistance in superconductors, so electron *should* travel around a looping cable of superconducting material for as long as the superconductivity lasts.

Your topic matter is beyond amazing. I find it makes me ponder things I'd never even considered.

That's very important to have a best idea of total internal reflection.

I remember the Slow Mo Guys doing something a while back to slow light right down so they could record it. It was a while ago and I forget exactly what was involved, but I wonder if that could somehow be combined with this so the light would take longer to decay and thenyou could maybe store it for a more significant number of seconds 🤔

I know it's definitely possible, albeit not in a laboratory setting, to trap a beam of light for around 10^100 years, using a supermassive black hole. Suppose, anyway, that we could trap a beam of light effectively indefinitely by more practical means. I would think we wouldn't be able to tell we'd succeeded in doing so, because when we released it, it would leave and dissipate into the ambience of the room far, far too fast for us to notice it had ever been there.

@abc33155

8 ай бұрын

We wouldn’t be able to see it with our eyes like he is trying to do in the video, but we could use some detector.

To store the light in a confined space, you need to make it so the loops essentially refresh the light. Its not enough to have total reflectance in the cable..SOME of the light has to be leaked out and back in again at set intervals in the cable to refresh. The "lost" light has to "rejoin" light that had previously lost some of its luster to add up to brighter light. Think of it like a helix. you need an inner and outer carrier area of light in the optical cable that trades light back and forth to maintain brightness.

I saw this once when our home wifi was being fixed. The guy shone a laser light through the fiber optic line to find the faulty/broken parts of the wire. The red light in the faulty sections can be seen close and far. It was amazing to see it in person.

Could you make a video about pentamirrors and how they work compared to pentaprisms? Refraction is also very interesting phenomenon - note that the angle of refraction actually depends on wavelength and this is why optical prism decompose white light into a rainbow. Little people can explain why this happens actually. The physics behind this phenomenon is interestingly tricky to explain and understand. The refraction angle in air/glass interface also changes wildly outside visible spectrum - this is one reason why windows are transparent for visible light but partially reflect infrared and UV light.

Could you use that to see the speed of light if you just had a long enough roll of that cable?

One of my friend's dad is a fiber optic worker and one time he let us learn and fuse the glass. It was way cool.

the trick is to slow light down, When light passes through certain gases it actually slows down, it looks pretty cool too.

On the note of adding delays- you should add a reference of the NYSE. They use a very long piece of fiber for purposely delaying signals.

@warlockpaladin2261

8 ай бұрын

How long and how much of a delay?

@RealCadde

8 ай бұрын

@@warlockpaladin2261 Enough to even out the playing field. 😉

@UncleKennysPlace

8 ай бұрын

It was originally copper, I believe.

@phizc

8 ай бұрын

​@@warlockpaladin226161km. 350 microseconds delay. It's nicknamed the Magic Shoebox.

@MeppyMan

8 ай бұрын

Yep. Businesses started paying big money to store their computer systems as close to the exchange as possible. Also paying to make sure the fibre to the exchange was as straight as possible. The crazy things greed will cause people to come up with.

This reminds me of a Finnish children's story about a family of fools. They built a house without any windows and tried to solve the problem by trapping sunlight into a bag and carry it in to the house.

I remember as a kid thinking about a light battery that is a reflective sphere, but I always realized that even if you could make a perfect sphere, you always have a way to get the light in, and that would be enough to lose the photon... I always wondered tho if the photons would become one photon that is much larger or higher energy and how do you align the photon to exit the light battery in a controlled manner?

They already stored light back in 2013 using a cryogenically cooled opaque crystal of yttrium silicate doped with praseodymium. One control laser shining on it made the crystal transparent to light, another laser shone through the crystal was then turned on, after which, the control laser was turned off, returning the crystal to an opaque state, effectively "freezing" the light inside, then turning off the second laser. Turning the crystal transparent again allowed the crystal to release the light as if the second laser was shining through. It could maintain the coherence for about a minute before fizzling.

The person who will discover something 100% reflective will create the future as we’ll finally have something to store electricity efficiently

Crazy how these fiber optic cables go all the way across the major oceans, and that's how we have internet.

You can store light in the universe. In fact, something did tens of billions of years ago and it's still here, there, and everywhere.

Damn, thought I could finally get my perfect light saber.

this is what is done to electronically read layer 2 info etc while keeping the light in a loop in real fiber devices. the switching decision then angles the optics correctly.

Graded index of the fiber keeps the light in, meaning the density of the glass changes from the center outwards, it was designed like that on purpose. If the light goes in at an angle and straight, that graded index of density will cause the light to bend basically in a sinusoidal fashion.

I thought you would make a 3-way adapter to "inject" the light, but hitting that critical angle might be hard. Oh well🤷🏽‍♂️

Maybe a giant sequence of loops so there are less intense bends, and not sure what options there are but a more reflective shielding could maybe help. Problem is, that much cable and special made would be a huge cost for not a lot of return seeing as how light is so fast that the difference would be miniscule if even measurable at that scale.

I work with fiber cable too. Each splice or termination introduces loss and reflections. Much more than a long section of cable.

How far is the maximum distance for sending light in a fibre optic cable?

@MeppyMan

8 ай бұрын

Repeaters are usually needed 80-100km along a fibre. I think the maximum I’ve heard of without any repeater or amplifier is 300km but not sure if that’s correct. It also depends on the fibre and if it’s spliced, laser strength (this isn’t using a dinky little laser pointer).

Reminds me of a concept called "slow glass" from an old Sci-fi series of short stories (Bob Shaw). Basically it took decades for the light to travel through the glass, so people used them to replace their windows.

This is similar to a super conductor that never losses electron flow as heat, but with light/photons instead.

We use something called a splitter. The splitter has a feed fibre and 32 splitter legs. 30 of the splitter legs can be broken off one of the legs can be spliced onto it's feed and the last splitter leg you can shine light through and theoretically the light would go through a continuous loop. Because the splitter legs will never face each other the light shouldn't come out of the splitter leg it came in through.

❤you can tell your viewers are passionate about physical science and accuracy, and that you encourage thought and discourse❤

5:42 when people who didn't know this expected to see you do it physically ☠☠

I'm so used to fiber optic cables that my first reaction was, "what's the big deal?"

Use effects similar to kaleidoscopes end to end to break up wavelengths into different diffraction patterns, and then recombine these same patterns at the other end, and test & compare for echoes, delays or reverberation of light speeds end to end, within the lengths of cable(s).

Love what ur doing with changing the thumbnail to see the results vs the original

Almost perfect reflection has a very different meaning when you're talking about 20+ miles of this cable. It becomes very noticeable. To the point that the signal must be amplified past a certain point, depending on your glass and your light source.

This also reminded me of Dr. Mallet's time machine made of looping laser light (it supposed to 'stir up' spacetime enought to connect the moment machine has been turned on with the present moment...).

I like how you also actually explained the technology behind the sponsor's product, you know your audience!

I thought the bend radius on fiber optic cables had to do with them breaking, but I guess the signal is severely degraded first.Thanks, Great video.

Would there be a difference in how long light lasts within the cable if you were to seal off one end and then somehow make a mechanism with a sliding "trap door" to cut off the light from the flashlight? I hope this makes sense.

I worked with fiberoptics 30 years ago. Wiring intranet for businesses. Eventually the marine cable's between countries will use machines that stop the light and copy the information onto matter, as a buffer.

There is a thing called Electromagnetically induced transparency Which can stop light completely in a very particular situation

Perhaps if we make multiple small loops as trapping points on the same cable we should be able to trap as much as possible that we need, what do you think about this?

I have a question. Please answer if you know. Q. Let assume a mirror circular closed loop of radius 1 cm and put a light source inside it. Now if we On the light source, the light will travel inside the loop. Now if we keep a object of very low mass particle in between the path of light and close that loop, then will that particle experience a force and start moving inside that loop.

The fiber is not a "tube". The core and cladding, shown in your cross section, are both solid glass. The core being ~8.3 microns in diameter, and the cladding being ~125 microns. The interface between these two features is highly reflective, thus total internal reflection. The plastic buffer and tubing that covers this fiber has no effect on the reflctive properties. It only serves to protect/stabilize the fiber.

Can you demonstrate the same principle using air and heat? I've read that streets look reflective at a certain angle because the difference in air density above the hot surface creates a refraction point, due to light traveling faster through air that's less dense. I would like to see that effect in a different context, or a practical application of it that I didn't know about. In other words, is it possible to trap a beam of light using air and heat as a conduit instead of glass?

@janosbajusz4680

8 ай бұрын

🤔👍

you can also slow down the photon emission to get enough time to connect the cable to ensure the experiment results