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@Intranetusa

4 ай бұрын

Great video. I always wondered where the stereotype of Gauls being smelly unwashed barbarians came from when they were among the earliest people in Europe to make and use soap. On another note, the ancient Chinese used the bullet-shooting crossbow at least until the 1st century BC, but were using darts/bolts/arrows for crossbows much earlier than the 1st century BC. Excavations of earlier types of bronze crossbow bolts in China dates to at least the 5th century BC. Modern day translations of Warring States (5th to 3rd century BC) military texts also describe crossbows as shooting "arrows." See quote: "For 10,000 soldiers, the weapons and equipment needed are: "Thirty six Martial Protective Large Fu-hsu Chariots......seventy two Martial flanking large covered spear and halberd Fu-hsu Chariots...they have five foot wheels and winch powered linked crossbows which fire multiple arrows for self protection...One hundred and forty Flank-supporting Small covered Fu-hsu chariots equipped with winch powdered linked crossbows to fire multiple arrows for self protection. They have deer wheels and are used to penetrate solid formations and defeat strong enemies. Thirty six Great Yellow Triple linked crossbow large Fu-hsu chariots..." -The Seven Military Classics of Ancient China.

@user-xs4hb1bj6r

4 ай бұрын

You missed to include the word used for that llamelar armour by the very end of video

@ailediablo79

4 ай бұрын

Isn't the closest to modern soap ,and the ones that mass produced it spread it around the world ,that was of high quality and very strong in smile and everything else ,was done by Abasised.

@magicpyroninja

4 ай бұрын

My brother in the cathedrals and the chapels it's called stained glass or painted glass

@0brokeJaw

4 ай бұрын

Yeah 22:40

Before resuming the video, I just wanted to say again: all the best to your mother, Raf! Hope she makes a full recovery and she gets many happy years to come.

@andoriannationalist3738

4 ай бұрын

Yeah with 65 thousand euro he got for his “sick mama” in sure he will be able to afford a bow to show us next video. Hey I gots a sick mama too, where’s Muh $?

@Zeftax

4 ай бұрын

@@andoriannationalist3738 ???

@rainerwinklarson1312

4 ай бұрын

​@@andoriannationalist3738stfu my dad is sick too and i don't complain. If you had the reach like he does, you would do the exact same thing... Therapy is fcking expensive 🫰

@spiffygonzales5160

4 ай бұрын

​@@andoriannationalist3738 Normally I'm pretty skeptical of charities because of all the stories. ...but this is just a dude trying to help him mom man. Pray for her.

@andoriannationalist3738

4 ай бұрын

@@spiffygonzales5160 yeah? HOW?!? Her medical needs are all met via state thievery. We already paid for her healthcare, so what the hell is he gonna need with 65thoysand euro for her?!? That buys a lot of baby wipes and ensure.

“Red heads were popular…back then, right now, anytime” loved that 😂

@metatronyt

4 ай бұрын

😂

@MomMother-iy6tl

10 күн бұрын

Just facts, I've been conditioning my children to bring me ginger grandbabies since they were children themselves. I keep you posted, but so far my son has found me a second ginger son.

I know the Romans had glass. I heard a story once about Augustus going over to a rich man's house for dinner and the rich man severely beating a slave for breaking one of his glass cups. Augustus was so disgusted by the behaviour that he had all the man's glasses smashed to teach him a lesson.

@Evom777

4 ай бұрын

Not only glass, but it's believed that they were the first to have crafted dichroic glass......a process that involves stacking fine layers of glass. The dichroic glass that's seen today is even more complex and scientific to create.

What I've always found fascinating about historical barbers is how at during certain points in history barbers sort of crossed into surgeon territory, most likely because they were the only people in town with access to really sharp and fine blades and also having developed a steady hand so as not to accidentally knick the skin of their customers during a close shave. There's just something so bizarre but also entrepeneurial about the guy who handles your grooming for a small fee may also be the same guy who did surgical cuts on your intestines and sometimes actually succeeded in saving a patients life. There is also a similar cross profession phenomenon in history with blacksmiths and dentistry. The blacksmith was usually the only person in town with tongs and pliers, so he's the one you had to look up to pull put an infected tooth. And as some of you may know: not only are infected teeth a huge source of pain, but they can actually kill you if the bad tooth isn't removed in time.

@SeanMahoneyfitnessandart

4 ай бұрын

Yed.. bad teeth was actually a relatively commen cause of death once sugar became more readily available

@sevenproxies4255

4 ай бұрын

@@SeanMahoneyfitnessandart Certainly became more common when sugar was readily available yes. But before sugar, sweets were made with honey. And even having meat stuck between your teeth could lead to an infection. So humanity has been plagued with these problems as far back as ancient times. Possibly even in neolithic times, although stone age people probably had a better "natural" dental health because their diet consisted of a lot of hard to chew foods (like roots) which made up a kind of natural abrasive that cleaned the teeth when eating.

@ChristinaDiCali

4 ай бұрын

TEETH 🦷That would make a great topic for another video.

@ChristChickAutistic

4 ай бұрын

Which is why the patron saint of barbers and surgeons is St. Martin DePorres.

@andoriannationalist3738

4 ай бұрын

Metatron needs a barber for his arms. Disgusting.

Funny thing is gold can be melted down and made into other things many times and not lose its properties. SO, even the oldest gold artifact could have been reused many times before it was lost or buried.

@oz_jones

4 ай бұрын

Shiny silly putty!

@richardmetzler7909

4 ай бұрын

The other relevant aspect is that gold is a noble metal - you can find it in pure elemental form and don't have to go through some smelting and reduction process to produce it.

@sokar_rostau

3 ай бұрын

@@richardmetzler7909 I think gold is the origin of metallurgy simply because flint is a form of quartz and quartz is where you'll often find gold. It's very easy to see the progression from a gold 'stone' that can't be knapped but can be beaten into shape, to accidentally melting some gold in a bonfire (inspiring the idea of casting), to the realisation that 'cooking' certain rocks will extract the magic metal from them. Gold and copper melt at roughly the same temperature, so if you're a primitive metallurgist throwing random rocks into a fire in the hope of getting some magic metal out of it, or just someone who used the right stone to make a fireplace, finding copper would be pretty easy. It also wouldn't take too long to figure out that there's a lot more copper around than gold. Once this realisation is made, it's a very short step for hard copper to overtake all practical applications of soft gold turning it into a purely decorative magic metal. Since we know that copper was melted down for recycling it's highly likely than any practical objects made from gold would have quickly ended up in the service of decoration and magic.

As a Bulgarian hearing of the Varna Necropolis made me happy, it is not only monumental heritage of Bulgaria and its lands, it is world heritage and monumentally important for the world. Love from Bulgaria Metatron, I am praying for your mum and your family

@magicpyroninja

4 ай бұрын

Truly, history is a great treasure of the world

@kiba775237

4 ай бұрын

i love Bulgaria. varna is such i nice resort town. Sofia is amazing. and the sunflower fields in the county (as much as i am not keen on sunflowers) are amazing to see so many. Plovdiv is so historically amazing and beautiful (and you can grab a slice of pizza).

@cristianvirna

4 ай бұрын

But it's not heritage of Bulgaria... it's heritage of Greeks and Macedonians...perhaps

@its_dey_mate

4 ай бұрын

@@cristianvirna Satire? The Varna Necropolis is about two thousand years before the Indo-european tribes even begin to move from their homeland.

@user-sj9oe3fb5e

4 ай бұрын

It' s like the Serbs saying that Lepenski vir is a part of ,,Serbian culture" or the English that Stonehenge is an ,,English haritage"!!

I have 2000 yr old Roman glass beads that have been restrung into a necklace that I love. Not everyone understands how much I value these simple beads🥰

@fibanocci314

4 ай бұрын

That is so cool! Do you wear them then?

Its kind of wild those whole body suits of armor weigh about the same as a full military outfit in modern day

Before watching the video, which is surely great (like all your videos), tell your mother that a family from Argentina is praying for her speedy recovery. A big hug to you and your entire family, best wishes to all of you in this year that will begin.

As a huge history geek that have worked on Iron Age farms and viking farms as a guide and on the museum of archeology I love your videos so much!

I remember looking up how old Ocarinas are just to find out they're 12,000 years old. Even our distance ancestors had an appreciation for music.

@spazemfathemcazemmeleggymi272

3 ай бұрын

I'm having a hard time believing that considering the world is only ~6000 years old

@DoloresLehmann

3 ай бұрын

@@spazemfathemcazemmeleggymi272 You're joking, right?

@spazemfathemcazemmeleggymi272

3 ай бұрын

@@DoloresLehmann no

@Drew_Peacock

Ай бұрын

​@@DoloresLehmann At the very least, 12000 seems farfetched. Written history only goes back around 5000 years, so how would anyone know if sonething like an instrument as we know it now is 12000 years old?

@DoloresLehmann

Ай бұрын

@@Drew_Peacock Humans have been around much longer than written history. In fact, most of humanity lived before the start of civilization. We have a lot of artifacts from this time, and we can date them, for example, by dating organic material found together with the artifacts. The oldest temple complex we know of is about 11000 years old, so 12000 is nothing that would seem unbelievable.

Good to see you're back. Hope your mother is doing fine. Keep up the good work.

Thank you so much for continuing despite your current struggles. I wish you and your family all the best.

@metatronyt

4 ай бұрын

Absolutely. It actually helps to keep myself busy.

@nursontest156

4 ай бұрын

It's great to hear that!

Been praying for your mother. Also, another great video, as usual.

Mind-blowing that glass can be traced back to the Mitanni and the Egyptians!

Metatron talking about historical facts I won't believe!?! That's all I need to know to click like.

I like to think that when a recipe called for "the feces of a scribe", they were making a joke about the work they produced, and not their actual poop.

Best wishes for your Mother. It has to be difficult working with that weighing on your mind. Excellent job as always.

Another enjoyable enlightening video. If more history teachers were like you, people might be more inclined to learn about it. Keep up the good work!

Raf, your discourse on soap could've been expanded by mentioning soapwort (which I encountered by reading a historical novel set in relatively modern times--12th-century Europe). Here's an excerpt from Wikipedia: "Saponaria is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, native to Asia and Europe, and are commonly known as soapworts.... The genus name Saponaria derives from the Latin sapo ("soap") and -aria ("pertaining to"), and at least one species, S. officinalis, has been used to make soap. It contains saponins, and a liquid soap can be produced by soaking the leaves in water. This soap is still used to clean delicate antique tapestries."

@fibanocci314

4 ай бұрын

I had never heard of soapworts! Thank you!

The ancient Egyptian's use of natron glass makes me think they might have had more than a little bit to do with the initial attempts at making practical things with it.

Hands down one of the best videos you've ever made, Raf! My prayers go out to your mother and your family.

My memory might be wrong, but I think that the Romans were the first who saw the value of clear glass and started to mass-produce it for windows. Before, the glass was always stained, as originally, they didn't like the slightly opaque and quite inhomogeneous glass and thus hid it with staining agents...

@cr-pol

4 ай бұрын

I think you are referring to ' Alexandrian glass' .

@cr-pol

4 ай бұрын

kzread.info/dash/bejne/f5Vhyo-EoLO8cps.html might interest you.

Pliny's mixture of fat and ash is indeed soap. Wood ash contains potassium hydroxide. This converts a fat or oil into soap. If you dip you hands into a solution of wood ash, you skin will turn to soap. It does not take much time after the use of fire to end up with wet ash and discover soap. So I'm sure this goes back way longer than you suggest.

We're still praying for your mom's speedy recovery. Praying that she feels tremendous love and peace.

0:52 he literally said it ten seconds earlier haha love this dude.

I hope you had a great Christmas Metatron!!! Your god like wisdom, knowledge and intelligence will continue to inspire your millions of fans around the world in 2024 and beyond!!!!!

I have always wondered about these things! I hope your mom is doing well, keeping her in my prayers.

I had only vague notions of the relative antiquity of the various items, so thank you for providing a more precise timeline along with locations and cultures. Hope your Mother is getting positive results from her cancer treatment. Best wishes to you and your family for the New Year.

With regards to armour, did you forget about items made from boars' tusks? Mostly helmets. And that picture of lamellar armour looked more like scale armour.

I'm pretty sure, and do correct me if I'm wrong here, that Arslantepe is Turkish for 'Lion Hill'. Tepe is a commonly heard word/suffix amongst archaeologists as many famous sites carry it as part of their name, while arslan is an older form/spelling of the Turkish word for lion, which in modern Turkish would be spelled 'aslan', a word ( or more aptly name) I'm sure you are familiar with.

@gryaznygreeb

4 ай бұрын

Yeah my mind immediately went to The Lion, The Witch, and the Wardrobe

@ChadKakashi

4 ай бұрын

TURKISH WORD MENTIONED, LET’S GOOOOOOOOO!

@ChadKakashi

4 ай бұрын

Also you’re 100% correct.

As good as usual. Thank you Metatron! And also, I hope you and your family have a new year as nice as possible. Hugs from Argentina. Cheers!!

To all you haters and nasty doubters out there at this serious time of crisis; METATRON is the real deal. A GIVER to our community. If you have no sense of mercy and compassion then you are not human. You are worse than an animal but even animals have love and compassion and loyalty- like dogs risking their lives to save babies from burning houses. To you nasty haters- please leave our community here alone. Go away and work out your hateful karma over the Eons. Thanks in advance!

The oldest swords found by archeologists are made of flint. They were probably ceremonial.

@st0rmrider

4 ай бұрын

Haha yeap... Obviously ceremonial! Thank you for the funny comment

Wonderful video as always; thank you and Happy New Year to you!

Super good stuff. Thank you.

Mitanni is likely the origin of Midian in the Old Testament. Mitanni had already been gone long before that text was written down, but Egyptian borders extended into modern-day Syria up to that point.

Again you have done great work. You are greatly appreciated.

Thank you for the video! This was great!

Good. Thanks. Merry Christmas.

Praying your mom gets well soon. Thanks for your hard work in such a hard time.

Great video. I always wondered where the stereotype of Gauls being smelly unwashed barbarians came from when they were among the earliest people in Europe to make and use soap. On another note, the ancient Chinese used the bullet-shooting crossbow at least until the 1st century BC, but were using darts/bolts/arrows for crossbows much earlier than the 1st century BC. Excavations of earlier types of bronze crossbow bolts in China dates to at least the 5th century BC. Modern day translations of Warring States (5th to 3rd century BC) military texts also describe crossbows as shooting "arrows." See quote: "For 10,000 soldiers, the weapons and equipment needed are: "Thirty six Martial Protective Large Fu-hsu Chariots......seventy two Martial flanking large covered spear and halberd Fu-hsu Chariots...they have five foot wheels and winch powered linked crossbows which fire multiple arrows for self protection...One hundred and forty Flank-supporting Small covered Fu-hsu chariots equipped with winch powdered linked crossbows to fire multiple arrows for self protection. They have deer wheels and are used to penetrate solid formations and defeat strong enemies. Thirty six Great Yellow Triple linked crossbow large Fu-hsu chariots..." -The Seven Military Classics of Ancient China.

Love your work, sir. Sorry to hear about your mother, I know first hand the experience and my prayers for her speedy recovery.

Always wondered about the origin of glass.

Very much enjoyed this video,thankyou...and I wish for you and your family a Happy, Healthy and Prosperous New Year

Thanks for a great vid. I hope you and your family has had a great christmas. My thoughts and prayers go out to you, your family and especially your mother. God bless.

Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year to you and yours, Most Noble One! Prayers for your mom!

Thank you for the great video, as always! I hope you had the best Christmas possible. I hope you're mom's okay and I just wanted you to know my wife and I (both huge fans,) were thinking about you and your mom this Christmas, as i visited my own mom at the hospital. She needed an operation on her stomach, which turned into three of them due to complications. She also contracted a massive antibiotic resistant infection from the whole ordeal. I don't think it's as serious as what you described your mother going through, but I do feel some of your pain, and my best wishes are for you and yours!! Happy New Year, Metatron, and may your 2024 be better than your '23!!

Thanks for a great year of history teaching.

Thanks for sharing and continuing to post. Hope your mother and family is doing well.🙏

Sending love and prayers to you, your mom, and your family.❤️

Many Thanks for your work. Hope you are all wells. Merci pour la vidéo

kudos for "孔夫子的老家“spot on! had been sub to ur channel for years and know you are very expert with languages, but still very intrigued everytime u do chinese so accurately! Greeting from Singapore

Happy new year metatron!

Goldwork is probably even more ancient, since copper works were found in hunter-gatherer societies such as the inuits.

Thank you for such a wonderful Christmas gift! Hope your mother is doing better!

so cool, I just love this content, and respect the mind that churns it out.

Blessings to you, your lovely mother and I wish for speedy healing and long term great health to you and your entire family 🙏💪 💞 Thank you so much for such amazing videos with amazing and educated explanation behind it all! ❤

I love the depictions of ancient armour, with the soldier fully kitted out but feet exposed. Rookie error! Take out the feet and a man is helpless.

Well, that was more than I wanted to know about Koteka. Curious that it shows up there, as their use is associated more to New Guinea, certain South American tribes and a few instances in the Mediterranean. Though Gourds appears to be predominantly made from plant materials, which means survival as a grave good highly unlikely unless the conditions were completely anaerobic, plant materials would last only slightly longer than the soft tissues of the corpse itself I would speculate. Gives new meaning to the phrase "Keep it in your pants" er loincloth ect.

Ha! That oldest gold burial cache? It's in Chicago at the Field Museum right now as part of a traveling exhibit. I was just there today. It was fascinating to see, though I didn't realize it was the oldest ever found.

I would love for you to do something about the fascinating history of Wales.

@ThyCorylus

4 ай бұрын

Check out the Cambrian Chronicals he does some amazing work on Wales

Your awesome bud prayers to you and your family

Not inlayed silver but extra arsenic added to the copper to make it silver in applied areas

Great video! I really enjoy these type of videos. :D

I loved this video. No need to use tacky stock footage. Just awesome historical facts presented in a fun way. So glad.

Awesome video. But I like those about ancient civilizations a lot, and armory. Bless you and your mother, all the best!

4:00 Yes. I would.

My prayers go out to your mother, and to you as well Metatron.

@metatronyt

4 ай бұрын

Thank you 🙏🏻

Great video as always! I knew about all the subjects except the earliest usage of the bow as a weapon system, which got me thinking what the earliest evidence of the atlatl as a weapon system was (think I’ve found it in the Kennewick Man, but still looking around).

Very well made and informative video! Greetings from Bulgaria!

great stuff scribe hope your family is coping well

Oh hell to the yes , nice bling.

It would be cool for you to talk about ancient (paleolithic/neolithic) musical instruments.

Great stuff.

Merci pour la vidéo

This is amazing because I was recently wondering how one would Actually do something like bone-armour and if it were potentially real as I had no idea about the set you mentioned in this video. I was even thinking of asking Shadiversity to try making it to see what mostly reasonable ways one would build such an armour. Like, would we wear bleached Boar or Cattle Skulls as helmets? Would we make them out into the lamellar pattern for the head? Would we use Human bones or only other animals or both? I also made my own "Wood Armour" that was like lamellar and it makes me think that you might not start by layering plates because as I was experimenting by myself I had only thought of layering like lamellar armour after I had finished. Anyways, great video.

I know you traveling back to Italy wasn't under the best of circumstances, but still.... 5:30 it must be nice to hold your own steel again!

Awesome!

Very interesting content!

I googled it. There are definitely some large and elaborate ones.

And I thought I knew some history. Everytime I watch one of your videos I learn new things. Well done. Also, I will keep your Mom in my prayers, bud.

I hope your mom is doing better. Best wishes and thoughts and prayers for your family 😊

I think that the Scorpion Men in the Epic of Gilgamesh are a description of armoured men by people that didn't yet understand the concept of armour. The Apkallu, the Seven Sages that were half man half fish (or half bird), can also be interpreted as a description of armoured individuals, this time wearing a type of scale mail. Consider the conceptual similarity between lorica segmentata and an insect/arachnid exoskeleton. Obviously there's a couple of thousand years difference here but it's the concept of the layered segments that matters. If you had no concept of armour, how would you describe what a person wearing some would look like? Those armour plates at 21:30 could be horizontally attached to leather segments resulting in a scorpion-like appearance. Likewise, they could be vertically attached and overlapping, which would give the appearance of fish scales. It should be noted that Sumerians are frequently depicted wearing kaunakes, a kind of kilt made from vertically hanging and overlapping tufts of wool not unlike scale armour. Clothing made from feathers, like for example Aztec cloaks, look effectively the same, and some images of Apkallu do depict them wearing what looks like a feather kaunake (hence the half bird version). The really interesting thing here is that the Apkallu were wise men credited with bringing aspects of civilisation to Mesopotamia... like metallurgy? A half fish/bird/scorpion man is not only a very good description for someone wearing armour, it's the logical description that must be expected from people that hadn't come across the concept yet. That it then goes down in mythology as literal half bird/fish/scorpion men shouldn't be any surprise at all, especially if you've ever seen European renditions of exotic animals from Africa and Australia.

@dixiecushman5581

2 ай бұрын

Just another suggestion as to why mens appearance was a wasn’t human-looking is from Genesis 6. The fallen angels mated with the women and had children. These children were hybrids. Giants of old, like Golilith (? spelling) whom David killed with stones. They existed. Later, these bad angels who had so much knowledge, started to mix with animals. That is why you see pictures carved of these weird hybrids…👼🏼➕🦁🦅🐍🐟🐸🦅🐲🐉🟰🧜🏼🧚🏾‍♂️🧞‍♂️🧟‍♂️🧌💁🏼‍♂️🫃🏽🤦🏻‍♂️🧏🏼‍♂️🙋🏽‍♂️👀👽😈🙀😵‍💫🙃😇🫶🏻🥰

I needed to know this

Thanks!

Eyyy, good to see content from you again. Best wishes for your Mother.

My favorite type of jewellery is "old, tarnished, handmade looking" but gold..? Hek ye. Interesting nourishing content this. 🙏 be blessed Metatron and fam

Speaking of armour, although newer (1400 BC or so) it's worth mentioning the Mycenaean Dendra Panoply, perhaps the oldest bronze one found in such a good condition. More at en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dendra_panoply

Finally we were mentioned in an historical video! Весела Коледа и Честита Нова Година!! Наздраве от България 🍻

15:20 There is a medical utility to feces depending on what it was used for. People with bad gut bacteria can have a transplant of feces from a healthy person to supply missing bacteria or provide "good" bacteria to help surpress bad bacteria causing illness. The ancient Egyptians obviously wouldn't have known about bacteria but they might have realized people suffering from chronic stomach issues became better after they ingested a small amount of feces from another person/animal. It's gross conceptually but does have purpose.

God I fuggin LOVE this video!!!!

@metatronyt

3 ай бұрын

Thank you. More to come

Cheeky sword shots are great

Very interesting, all the facts, with soap, bows, swords, crossbows, etc. Lol, as the belly bow. Weird looking weapons could be a nice and silly idea, topic for a video. These ancients armours are really cool looking. Really nice this theme of the oldest recollection in history, throughout the world and the ages. Thank you very much for making this, especially, through the hard times you and your family are going through. My prayers to your mother, you and your family. The best to you all. May you have a good day, and days ahead, your, your mom, you family, and your friends. The same to everyone.

I love your historical facts that will surprise you series, so many times when i watch other videos of fun historical facts they always start talking about sex. Like oh now ancient people also did never knew that. But you have actual fun historical facts

@metatronyt

4 ай бұрын

Glad to hear that thanks

Merry Christmas!

I really hope your mother will feel better. I can't affort much to give, but I can certainly give a like and a visualization. Wish the best.

Could you make a video or direct me to a video on where exactly I could look for good harnischfechten or plate armor and arms? Like if you yourself were to purchase armor what would that look like. Id feel more confident knowing what to even do , say I had the funds! Also super entertaining vid! 2:55am Oregon, USA here!

Great video!

@metatronyt

4 ай бұрын

Thanks