The secrets of Apple Lightning - Part 1
Ғылым және технология
Apple's proprietary Lightning connector is very well known. But do you know how it works? How is a cable authenticated? What can you do with Lightning? In this video we dive into the details of Apple's Lightning protocol - also known as SDQ and IDBUS!
Links:
- Twitter: / ghidraninja
- Patreon: / stacksmashing
- Nyan Satan's Lightning page: nyansatan.github.io/lightning/
- My DEF CON talk on Lightning: • DEF CON 30 - stacksmas...
- Saleae Logic Analyzer Plugin: github.com/nezza/SDQAnalyzer
Пікірлер: 578
Like all true professionals, you make it look so easy! Can't wait for part 2!
@xy4489
Жыл бұрын
It is easy, tho.
@tomikun8057
Жыл бұрын
@@xy4489 only for professionals
@CloroxBleach0
Жыл бұрын
@@xy4489it is not
@DeyaEldeen1
Жыл бұрын
part 2 please!??
@vxgamer8505
10 ай бұрын
@@tomikun8057not really he just showed you how to do it
stacksmashing: See you again soon * Five months later... *
@Tyranosaurus_Xer
3 ай бұрын
Its been six now
@hampus23
18 күн бұрын
😂😂
let me guess its just USB that is missing U
@Leonard_MT
Жыл бұрын
They should've called it the ASB cable, Apple Serial Bus. At least that would be honest because it's not fast nor universal.
@RC2225
Жыл бұрын
@@Leonard_MT shouldn't it then be called adb?
@lesoup-mxd
Жыл бұрын
@@RC2225 not to be confused with Android Debug Bridge
@WalterMan
Жыл бұрын
@@RC2225 Apple already made a connector called Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) and it was used for keyboards and mice.
@wesleymays1931
Жыл бұрын
@@RC2225 What would the 'd' be short for?
Excellent instructions/explanations. Your voice clarity,tempo, and video presentation for some reason makes it easier to understand, learn, while also retaining the info. I had to sub and comment with my thanks for your work and expertise for me the layman.
It would be interesting to see the results from cheap knock-off cables and other 3rd party cables to see what they spit out and if it is legitimate. The extra stuff in the cable and the communications explains the licensing Apple pushes and the increased costs. It also explains why Apple would not want to go USB-C because they would lose money, data, and control over the cables.
@Henry14arsenal2007
Жыл бұрын
Doesnt help when their shitty cable works with speed standards from the year 2000.
@HoloScope
Жыл бұрын
They did a gotcha and limited their new iPhone 15 base models to USB Type C with USB 2.0, but with the Pro Model having Thunderbolt. Touche Apple
@madog1
Жыл бұрын
I'm wondering the same thing, Apple cables are the worst for durability at the stress area where the cable meets the end. Some manufacturers do a much better job on the cable build, they last a lot longer.
@m7mdzuhair9gamer61
Жыл бұрын
They will soon
@Atixtasy
Жыл бұрын
@@HoloScope the EU hit them once AGAIN with their bullshit and said they cannot limit any of it. lol
Cool =D You've made excellent progress there! Looking forward to part 2 =D
I love your approach to reverse engineer the protocol. Waiting for part 2 :D
I always kind of knew there was something going on. My "genuine" apple cable would only briefly show a charge symbol before the phone would no longer respond. It seems the "genuine" chip in my cable was "taught the wrong response" hehe. Brilliant video, even a simple user like me can understand, and your graphics/editing are top notch! Another sub for your stack ;)
@StarmenRock
3 ай бұрын
this is so insane. the cables are a genuine and certified scam and people are so jolly about it
I need the next video! This seems like a series episode and I want to watch all the episodes. 😂 Nice video, bro. I like to brush up some bits, and this type of video is very pleasant to me.
I always get excited when I see a new stacksmashing upload! Looking forward to the rest of this series
@ME0WMERE
Жыл бұрын
stack smashing detected (core dumped)
Great Video. Already waiting for Part 2 :)
The algorithm just gave me this gem that I didn't know I needed to see. What a great video.
Great video! It's really interesting to learn about the technical details of Apple's Lightning connector and how it works. I appreciate the clear explanations and diagrams, and the various links provided for further exploration. Looking forward to Part 2!
@stacksmashing
Жыл бұрын
Awesome, thank you!
Great explanation, thanks so much for all your hard work.
awesome man!! eagerly waiting for part 2
Congrats to the 150k subcribers! and realy nice video !
Waiting for part 2 😋
Being a software developer in the automation industry, i love this kind of reverse engineering videos. Looking forward to the next parts ;)
This is really cool! Also, side note, would you do this same analysis on one the old 30 pin cables? It would be really cool to see the differences between the older technology and the newer!
Wow thats amazing! Looking very forward to the next part
WOW!!!! This is such a unique video! Never seen something like this before in my feed.
Great work! Can't wait for part 2!
very nice I love the breakout header you made.
My mind is blown. This video (these videos) are awesome. Thank you so much for sharing your knowledge.
Please continue! Your work is great!!! When is the second part coming?
Amazing video, waiting for part 2!
absolutely fascinating, can't wait for more videos!
Thank you for yet another fantastic video!
Great video - lots of information and well paced. I'm looking forward to part 2!
@stacksmashing
Жыл бұрын
Thank you!
Awesome detailed video now I want to see Type c power delivery and other protocols as well from you.
Having a knowledge like yours just seems like rocket science. Just awesome
Hey, I love this video, cant wait till part 2
Woah this is amazing. I just came from watching Exploring The simulations video on adding USBC to airpods. This is amazing to see
This is great part 2 can’t wait … there are some interesting other projects that might be able to be integrated with that tamarin cable, not very sure what “level” of signal processor / logic analyzer is required. But I have seen some open source logic analyzer on hackaday that use the PIO cores to get up to 24 channels , 16, 8… pretty sure you could pipe the GPIO that’s handling that communication into the other cores and have the ARM cores act like a TCP server to send the data through the USB connected to the PC to double as tamarin / logic analyzer . Very cool project hope there is part 2 , and maybe some Lightning peripherals? Like lightning to usb hdmi hubs ? Get the readings from those ?
Really love your videos. Waiting for Part 2! :-)
Great explanation and neat graphics!
fascinating. Neat how you can figure out so much from so little
Wow, nice one. For how long did this channel exist? Subscribed.
amazing video, cant wait part for other parts
would love a second part if you have time :D
Take this subscription, you deserve it. Quality content.
This dude is pretty cool 👌 you have earned a well deserved sub 😁
part 2 when :(
I haven't done much research yet, but I'd be very interested in comparing the advantages and disadvantages of USB-C vs Lighting. Anyway, great video!
@makuru_dd3662
Жыл бұрын
Advantage: more money for apple Disadvantage: literally everything else
@JamesR624
Жыл бұрын
@@makuru_dd3662 Advantage; More durable than USB-C since there is no middle part to break. Advantage: Smaller than USB-C and takes up less space.
@griffin8062
Жыл бұрын
@@JamesR624 Is it more durable? At least in my experience, USB-C has been way more durable. Lightning cables tend to short out between pins 7 and 8
@operator8014
Жыл бұрын
@@JamesR624 Lol! I have 9 year old USBC cables that still work like new. My Grandma has gone through another Apple branded lightning cable every other month since getting her polished turd of a phone.
@fiirasmusic5366
Жыл бұрын
@@griffin8062 not the cable, it's the port
This was such a dope video when part 2 gonna drop it’s been 4 months
Wow. As an Apple employee at a Genius Bar, this video brought me a lot. As I love giving my customers some details about their products, this is a lot! Until now, just said that their cable is not only a cable. Now I can explain that there’s a real chip with which the iPhone is talking to. In an other way, can’t understand why we have not tools to determine if a cable is genuine or not.
Looking forward to part two!
Great to see you back on the scene. Superb content delivery. Are you planning on working on a possible jailbreak?
Guess I have to subscribe to stay tuned!! Also what analyzer do you use?!?!
Awesome video. Loved every bit of it (pun intended).
im sold, new sub over here, im waiting for part 2
Where’s part 2? :(
I am subscribing immediately because this is mind blowing! 🎉
Omg you are explaining it very very well done 👏🏾
you remind me of Ben Eater, not comparing efforts here, great video. subbed.
I have no interest in this space but LOVED this vid because it as so clear and well produced.
Wow. Heavy nice work Bro. Thanks 🙏 4 content
You are super good at reverse engineering. Extremely straight forward and informative.
Amazing video. Please keep it going!
Awesome thanks for explaining in depth.
"in the next video?" what!? fastest 9 mins ever. what an awesome video.
@stacksmashing
Жыл бұрын
Thank you! :)
What a madman, this video was AWESOME!
This was honestly really interesting to watch
@stacksmashing
Жыл бұрын
Thank you! :)
This outdoes the video I uploaded about Lightning cables, lol. Excellent job! Very informative!
@stacksmashing
Жыл бұрын
Oh do you have a link to that? Do you mean this one? kzread.info/dash/bejne/nqOKrLaFhd2nXc4.html Nice channel :)
@rebootretro
Жыл бұрын
@@stacksmashing Thank you! Although I still somewhat envy your technical abilities, haha. I've worked with electronics for a very long time, but I wish I was more proficient with logic analyzers, scopes, etc. I've seen your videos before, particularly the AirTag one. Excellent stuff!
Can't wait to see the next video!!!
Hey, awesome video, loved all the technical details! On a side note, what kind of logic analyser would you recommend for someone just getting into hardware security? The Salae ones you showed are a little outside my undergrad budget ;) Will an ESP32/Raspberry Pi Pico suffice for most beginner usecases? What if I'm dealing with negative voltage signals? Many thanks for your videos! Got here after LiveOverflow recommended them :)
@stacksmashing
Жыл бұрын
You can get some very cheap ones on Amazon (like $10) - I think those are great in the beginning (and I still often use them)
@aathish04
Жыл бұрын
@@stacksmashing alright, I'll have a look at those. Thank you so much!
@Neywiny
Жыл бұрын
@@aathish04 I've used micros in the past, they're nice but one bit me when it pulled my i2c lines low when it wasn't powered. I use a digital discovery at work and it's amazing, especially with its high speed adapter kit. Very clean signals.
@newmonengineering
Жыл бұрын
Personally I bought a 70$ one on Amazon and it does more than enough for me. Have used it a good bit. Probably the 10$ one would be enough for most to be honest
Didn’t understand a single word, but hey man, nice video, enjoyed it 😄
this is so interesting wow! im now very curious about a few things tho. 1- How do splitters work? for example i have a very cheap aliexpress splitter that basically lets me plug in both charging cable and lightning earpods on my iphone at once, im guessing this thing is 100% passive but i have no ide and im not about to destroy it rn tbh. but if its passibe how can it communicate with both things at once? and if active, how does it get to split these two things? 2- does the cable reply to the device which charging capabilities it has? like if it can do fast charging or not, or is that linked to the modle number or name itself? 3- does the cable also talk to the charger it connects to? like does the apple PSU get any information about the lightning cable or device? apart from power delivery on fast chargers that is, especially curious on the old usb-a 5w and 10w ones and 4- how do fake cables work then? ive had bad luck getting some knockoff ones bc they would charge very very slowly and im thinking if it might be bc the controller was answering stuff wrong and the iphone has some sort of anti-illegitimate mehcanism or something or if it just replied as if it was the slowest charging cable that exists, i really hope youll check this stuff at some point plz! btw for reference this is the splitter i have (different store same thing tbh, not great bc it requires regular cleaning for it to work, also if u dont have experienc with aliexpress choose the aliexpress saver shipping unless its wayy too expensive for u bc at least in spain that option takes 2 weeks but the caniao expedited economy aka tghe default one for this takes months) www.aliexpress.com/item/1005004576959652.html
Respect man. You are truly awesome
Been waiting for pt.2 for two months now
you are a gem!!! thank you for this video.
Having worked on embedded projects that communicate with iOS devices before, I'm very interested to see where this goes. Some of this I recall from the spec; other parts it seems they don't even share with their MFi partners. I will not be sharing more information, as I don't even remember what I can and can't legally say.
@kwamenaplays5899
Жыл бұрын
MFi NDA
@Niosus
Жыл бұрын
They were doing funky stuff with the 30 pin cable back in the day as well. A mix between analog and digital. I may be recalling this incorrectly, but I believe you had to do some dance applying different resistances to different pins in a specific order as part of the handshake. Really finicky stuff to get right. Different devices would react slightly differently to that handshake, to the point where even the different storage options of the same model of iPhone/iPod had an effect. You really had to test every permutation many times (50+) to be sure it worked. But take the details with a large grain of salt, I just did the testing. I remember this from hearing the engineers complain about it back then. I could be wildly wrong on the handshake part. I'm not worried about an NDA because I never signed anything like that with Apple. And the company where I got experience with this went bust a long time ago. Plus I don't think they really care about the 30 pin connector anymore, as long as you're not going around putting it on commercial products...
@rahuls4863
Жыл бұрын
True. Like your exp, even in future, even for USB they are circumventing the standard protocol. USB already has data, power, fast charge etc. as standard - Apple is using only basic power from standard set, and they are using proprietary specs for other things (usb 3.1+ data speed, fast charge etc). All in the pretence of customer safety :)
@KiwisCassie
Жыл бұрын
@@rahuls4863 as louis rossman quotes, "safety and security!"
@teknikal_domain
Жыл бұрын
@@rahuls4863 I have a feeling the EU will strike them down for that.. or at least try and say "you know what we meant, we're not tolerating *malicious* compliance, do it like everyone else does"
Wonderful video. Thank you!
This is so incredibly awesome
This is interesting. Thanks for sharing.
thank you!! can wait what next!!!
Fascinating! Thank you.
I want the next video this is so cool!
Algorithm sent me here, and I’m glad! Can’t wait for the rest!
This is excellent!
This video got me all charged up. Positively electrifying.
Eagerly waiting for part 2!
Very interesting video !
fun fact, iPad Pro gen 1 and 2 use all 16 pins on lightning for usb 3.0 speeds (in conjunction with a usb-c to lightning cable)
@stacksmashing
Жыл бұрын
Interesting, I didn’t know! Thanks :)
“Part 1” *_dips for 7 months_*
*Amazing video!*
Amazing video! When where is part 2?!!?
Wow you are a great communicator!
@stacksmashing
Жыл бұрын
Thank you, appreciate that :)
Super interesting! looking forward to the rest of the series. Also, I didn't know you were German :)
Great video!
Awesome video
Waiting for pt.2 for 6 months now
Thank you for your very detailed technical sharing, why can't I find the second part, thank you.
Good used analyser experience !
Tell me you're german without telling me you're german: Him: "Just talking"
Really really interesting.... Dumb question/idea.... Would it be possible via rpi0 or RPI pico to convert video signal from lightning to uvc USB gadget mode?
nice video with informations
Perfect timing, just before they are forced to use USB-C :D
@-aexc-
Жыл бұрын
let's hope they dont manage to get around it
@altayakkus4611
Жыл бұрын
@@-aexc- I think that they announced that they are going to follow it.
@klafbang
Жыл бұрын
@@altayakkus4611 They have confirmed they will follow the law. The law mandates USB-C for charging. USB-C connectors are already a clusterfuck used for many different standards, and rumors are already that the USB-C cables Apple plan on the next iPhone will need Apple certification for full functionality.
@jonasthemovie
10 ай бұрын
@@-aexc-Everyone should have been forced to use USB Micro.
Before watching the video, I thought that embedding the chip in the USB cable was stupid, because it costs more and creates more waste. Now, I'm waiting for the next part.
Keep up the good work