The secrets of Apple Lightning - Part 1

Ғылым және технология

Apple's proprietary Lightning connector is very well known. But do you know how it works? How is a cable authenticated? What can you do with Lightning? In this video we dive into the details of Apple's Lightning protocol - also known as SDQ and IDBUS!
Links:
- Twitter: / ghidraninja
- Patreon: / stacksmashing
- Nyan Satan's Lightning page: nyansatan.github.io/lightning/
- My DEF CON talk on Lightning: • DEF CON 30 - stacksmas...
- Saleae Logic Analyzer Plugin: github.com/nezza/SDQAnalyzer

Пікірлер: 578

  • @JohnnyUtah488
    @JohnnyUtah488 Жыл бұрын

    Like all true professionals, you make it look so easy! Can't wait for part 2!

  • @xy4489

    @xy4489

    Жыл бұрын

    It is easy, tho.

  • @tomikun8057

    @tomikun8057

    Жыл бұрын

    @@xy4489 only for professionals

  • @CloroxBleach0

    @CloroxBleach0

    Жыл бұрын

    @@xy4489it is not

  • @DeyaEldeen1

    @DeyaEldeen1

    Жыл бұрын

    part 2 please!??

  • @vxgamer8505

    @vxgamer8505

    10 ай бұрын

    @@tomikun8057not really he just showed you how to do it

  • @rikschaaf
    @rikschaaf9 ай бұрын

    stacksmashing: See you again soon * Five months later... *

  • @Tyranosaurus_Xer

    @Tyranosaurus_Xer

    3 ай бұрын

    Its been six now

  • @hampus23

    @hampus23

    18 күн бұрын

    😂😂

  • @DodoLP
    @DodoLP Жыл бұрын

    let me guess its just USB that is missing U

  • @Leonard_MT

    @Leonard_MT

    Жыл бұрын

    They should've called it the ASB cable, Apple Serial Bus. At least that would be honest because it's not fast nor universal.

  • @RC2225

    @RC2225

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Leonard_MT shouldn't it then be called adb?

  • @lesoup-mxd

    @lesoup-mxd

    Жыл бұрын

    @@RC2225 not to be confused with Android Debug Bridge

  • @WalterMan

    @WalterMan

    Жыл бұрын

    @@RC2225 Apple already made a connector called Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) and it was used for keyboards and mice.

  • @wesleymays1931

    @wesleymays1931

    Жыл бұрын

    @@RC2225 What would the 'd' be short for?

  • @ballsdeepgamingcommunity9928
    @ballsdeepgamingcommunity99287 ай бұрын

    Excellent instructions/explanations. Your voice clarity,tempo, and video presentation for some reason makes it easier to understand, learn, while also retaining the info. I had to sub and comment with my thanks for your work and expertise for me the layman.

  • @webluke
    @webluke Жыл бұрын

    It would be interesting to see the results from cheap knock-off cables and other 3rd party cables to see what they spit out and if it is legitimate. The extra stuff in the cable and the communications explains the licensing Apple pushes and the increased costs. It also explains why Apple would not want to go USB-C because they would lose money, data, and control over the cables.

  • @Henry14arsenal2007

    @Henry14arsenal2007

    Жыл бұрын

    Doesnt help when their shitty cable works with speed standards from the year 2000.

  • @HoloScope

    @HoloScope

    Жыл бұрын

    They did a gotcha and limited their new iPhone 15 base models to USB Type C with USB 2.0, but with the Pro Model having Thunderbolt. Touche Apple

  • @madog1

    @madog1

    Жыл бұрын

    I'm wondering the same thing, Apple cables are the worst for durability at the stress area where the cable meets the end. Some manufacturers do a much better job on the cable build, they last a lot longer.

  • @m7mdzuhair9gamer61

    @m7mdzuhair9gamer61

    Жыл бұрын

    They will soon

  • @Atixtasy

    @Atixtasy

    Жыл бұрын

    @@HoloScope the EU hit them once AGAIN with their bullshit and said they cannot limit any of it. lol

  • @GadgetUK164
    @GadgetUK164 Жыл бұрын

    Cool =D You've made excellent progress there! Looking forward to part 2 =D

  • @Termynat0r
    @Termynat0r Жыл бұрын

    I love your approach to reverse engineer the protocol. Waiting for part 2 :D

  • @1995Links
    @1995Links Жыл бұрын

    I always kind of knew there was something going on. My "genuine" apple cable would only briefly show a charge symbol before the phone would no longer respond. It seems the "genuine" chip in my cable was "taught the wrong response" hehe. Brilliant video, even a simple user like me can understand, and your graphics/editing are top notch! Another sub for your stack ;)

  • @StarmenRock

    @StarmenRock

    3 ай бұрын

    this is so insane. the cables are a genuine and certified scam and people are so jolly about it

  • @JLenival
    @JLenival Жыл бұрын

    I need the next video! This seems like a series episode and I want to watch all the episodes. 😂 Nice video, bro. I like to brush up some bits, and this type of video is very pleasant to me.

  • @_yaseen
    @_yaseen Жыл бұрын

    I always get excited when I see a new stacksmashing upload! Looking forward to the rest of this series

  • @ME0WMERE

    @ME0WMERE

    Жыл бұрын

    stack smashing detected (core dumped)

  • @noone31337
    @noone31337 Жыл бұрын

    Great Video. Already waiting for Part 2 :)

  • @matusholek1364
    @matusholek1364 Жыл бұрын

    The algorithm just gave me this gem that I didn't know I needed to see. What a great video.

  • @TheXnyu
    @TheXnyu Жыл бұрын

    Great video! It's really interesting to learn about the technical details of Apple's Lightning connector and how it works. I appreciate the clear explanations and diagrams, and the various links provided for further exploration. Looking forward to Part 2!

  • @stacksmashing

    @stacksmashing

    Жыл бұрын

    Awesome, thank you!

  • @ty2k
    @ty2k Жыл бұрын

    Great explanation, thanks so much for all your hard work.

  • @shubhambora6758
    @shubhambora6758 Жыл бұрын

    awesome man!! eagerly waiting for part 2

  • @Marvinzock34
    @Marvinzock34 Жыл бұрын

    Congrats to the 150k subcribers! and realy nice video !

  • @Jamboreeni
    @Jamboreeni6 ай бұрын

    Waiting for part 2 😋

  • @mika-racing
    @mika-racing10 ай бұрын

    Being a software developer in the automation industry, i love this kind of reverse engineering videos. Looking forward to the next parts ;)

  • @TheTotallyRandomGuy
    @TheTotallyRandomGuy11 ай бұрын

    This is really cool! Also, side note, would you do this same analysis on one the old 30 pin cables? It would be really cool to see the differences between the older technology and the newer!

  • @1blendercraft1
    @1blendercraft1 Жыл бұрын

    Wow thats amazing! Looking very forward to the next part

  • @Muhammed.Yaseen
    @Muhammed.Yaseen Жыл бұрын

    WOW!!!! This is such a unique video! Never seen something like this before in my feed.

  • @jacobblomquist5288
    @jacobblomquist5288 Жыл бұрын

    Great work! Can't wait for part 2!

  • @yaghiyahbrenner8902
    @yaghiyahbrenner8902 Жыл бұрын

    very nice I love the breakout header you made.

  • @anthonya824
    @anthonya82411 ай бұрын

    My mind is blown. This video (these videos) are awesome. Thank you so much for sharing your knowledge.

  • @miwer2010
    @miwer20107 ай бұрын

    Please continue! Your work is great!!! When is the second part coming?

  • @zoltanujszaszi
    @zoltanujszaszi Жыл бұрын

    Amazing video, waiting for part 2!

  • @venjsystems
    @venjsystems Жыл бұрын

    absolutely fascinating, can't wait for more videos!

  • @phire0
    @phire0 Жыл бұрын

    Thank you for yet another fantastic video!

  • @compu85
    @compu85 Жыл бұрын

    Great video - lots of information and well paced. I'm looking forward to part 2!

  • @stacksmashing

    @stacksmashing

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you!

  • @AKG58Z
    @AKG58Z Жыл бұрын

    Awesome detailed video now I want to see Type c power delivery and other protocols as well from you.

  • @ranjanadissanayaka5390
    @ranjanadissanayaka5390 Жыл бұрын

    Having a knowledge like yours just seems like rocket science. Just awesome

  • @ShiroKlein
    @ShiroKlein Жыл бұрын

    Hey, I love this video, cant wait till part 2

  • @matrixmodexp
    @matrixmodexp Жыл бұрын

    Woah this is amazing. I just came from watching Exploring The simulations video on adding USBC to airpods. This is amazing to see

  • @seanperez1210
    @seanperez12105 ай бұрын

    This is great part 2 can’t wait … there are some interesting other projects that might be able to be integrated with that tamarin cable, not very sure what “level” of signal processor / logic analyzer is required. But I have seen some open source logic analyzer on hackaday that use the PIO cores to get up to 24 channels , 16, 8… pretty sure you could pipe the GPIO that’s handling that communication into the other cores and have the ARM cores act like a TCP server to send the data through the USB connected to the PC to double as tamarin / logic analyzer . Very cool project hope there is part 2 , and maybe some Lightning peripherals? Like lightning to usb hdmi hubs ? Get the readings from those ?

  • @bjoerrrrn2005
    @bjoerrrrn2005 Жыл бұрын

    Really love your videos. Waiting for Part 2! :-)

  • @saschakaupp
    @saschakaupp Жыл бұрын

    Great explanation and neat graphics!

  • @benservey9295
    @benservey9295 Жыл бұрын

    fascinating. Neat how you can figure out so much from so little

  • @garydunken7934
    @garydunken7934 Жыл бұрын

    Wow, nice one. For how long did this channel exist? Subscribed.

  • @kagandemirarslan872
    @kagandemirarslan872 Жыл бұрын

    amazing video, cant wait part for other parts

  • @suncrafterspielt9479
    @suncrafterspielt9479 Жыл бұрын

    would love a second part if you have time :D

  • @desidark1243
    @desidark124311 ай бұрын

    Take this subscription, you deserve it. Quality content.

  • @dogedog2447
    @dogedog24473 ай бұрын

    This dude is pretty cool 👌 you have earned a well deserved sub 😁

  • @hellopsp180
    @hellopsp1804 ай бұрын

    part 2 when :(

  • @john.dough.
    @john.dough. Жыл бұрын

    I haven't done much research yet, but I'd be very interested in comparing the advantages and disadvantages of USB-C vs Lighting. Anyway, great video!

  • @makuru_dd3662

    @makuru_dd3662

    Жыл бұрын

    Advantage: more money for apple Disadvantage: literally everything else

  • @JamesR624

    @JamesR624

    Жыл бұрын

    @@makuru_dd3662 Advantage; More durable than USB-C since there is no middle part to break. Advantage: Smaller than USB-C and takes up less space.

  • @griffin8062

    @griffin8062

    Жыл бұрын

    @@JamesR624 Is it more durable? At least in my experience, USB-C has been way more durable. Lightning cables tend to short out between pins 7 and 8

  • @operator8014

    @operator8014

    Жыл бұрын

    ​@@JamesR624 Lol! I have 9 year old USBC cables that still work like new. My Grandma has gone through another Apple branded lightning cable every other month since getting her polished turd of a phone.

  • @fiirasmusic5366

    @fiirasmusic5366

    Жыл бұрын

    @@griffin8062 not the cable, it's the port

  • @nooranshdhaka
    @nooranshdhaka11 ай бұрын

    This was such a dope video when part 2 gonna drop it’s been 4 months

  • @DamienBOURSAUX
    @DamienBOURSAUX2 ай бұрын

    Wow. As an Apple employee at a Genius Bar, this video brought me a lot. As I love giving my customers some details about their products, this is a lot! Until now, just said that their cable is not only a cable. Now I can explain that there’s a real chip with which the iPhone is talking to. In an other way, can’t understand why we have not tools to determine if a cable is genuine or not.

  • @tosch9057
    @tosch9057 Жыл бұрын

    Looking forward to part two!

  • @kritikusi-666
    @kritikusi-666 Жыл бұрын

    Great to see you back on the scene. Superb content delivery. Are you planning on working on a possible jailbreak?

  • @JRis44
    @JRis44 Жыл бұрын

    Guess I have to subscribe to stay tuned!! Also what analyzer do you use?!?!

  • @matoatlantis
    @matoatlantis Жыл бұрын

    Awesome video. Loved every bit of it (pun intended).

  • @rouuuk
    @rouuuk Жыл бұрын

    im sold, new sub over here, im waiting for part 2

  • @DanDan-zs6wg
    @DanDan-zs6wg Жыл бұрын

    Where’s part 2? :(

  • @bravonorthyt
    @bravonorthyt Жыл бұрын

    I am subscribing immediately because this is mind blowing! 🎉

  • @Amyunus
    @Amyunus Жыл бұрын

    Omg you are explaining it very very well done 👏🏾

  • @parimalarenga92
    @parimalarenga92 Жыл бұрын

    you remind me of Ben Eater, not comparing efforts here, great video. subbed.

  • @1fattyfatman
    @1fattyfatman3 ай бұрын

    I have no interest in this space but LOVED this vid because it as so clear and well produced.

  • @feierpack
    @feierpack Жыл бұрын

    Wow. Heavy nice work Bro. Thanks 🙏 4 content

  • @nicknorthcutt7680
    @nicknorthcutt76803 ай бұрын

    You are super good at reverse engineering. Extremely straight forward and informative.

  • @EdwardMordrake618
    @EdwardMordrake618 Жыл бұрын

    Amazing video. Please keep it going!

  • @AshishEmbedd
    @AshishEmbedd Жыл бұрын

    Awesome thanks for explaining in depth.

  • @Moker49
    @Moker49 Жыл бұрын

    "in the next video?" what!? fastest 9 mins ever. what an awesome video.

  • @stacksmashing

    @stacksmashing

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you! :)

  • @stonedhackerman
    @stonedhackerman Жыл бұрын

    What a madman, this video was AWESOME!

  • @zUltraXO
    @zUltraXO Жыл бұрын

    This was honestly really interesting to watch

  • @stacksmashing

    @stacksmashing

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you! :)

  • @rebootretro
    @rebootretro Жыл бұрын

    This outdoes the video I uploaded about Lightning cables, lol. Excellent job! Very informative!

  • @stacksmashing

    @stacksmashing

    Жыл бұрын

    Oh do you have a link to that? Do you mean this one? kzread.info/dash/bejne/nqOKrLaFhd2nXc4.html Nice channel :)

  • @rebootretro

    @rebootretro

    Жыл бұрын

    @@stacksmashing Thank you! Although I still somewhat envy your technical abilities, haha. I've worked with electronics for a very long time, but I wish I was more proficient with logic analyzers, scopes, etc. I've seen your videos before, particularly the AirTag one. Excellent stuff!

  • @Scyth3934
    @Scyth3934 Жыл бұрын

    Can't wait to see the next video!!!

  • @aathish04
    @aathish04 Жыл бұрын

    Hey, awesome video, loved all the technical details! On a side note, what kind of logic analyser would you recommend for someone just getting into hardware security? The Salae ones you showed are a little outside my undergrad budget ;) Will an ESP32/Raspberry Pi Pico suffice for most beginner usecases? What if I'm dealing with negative voltage signals? Many thanks for your videos! Got here after LiveOverflow recommended them :)

  • @stacksmashing

    @stacksmashing

    Жыл бұрын

    You can get some very cheap ones on Amazon (like $10) - I think those are great in the beginning (and I still often use them)

  • @aathish04

    @aathish04

    Жыл бұрын

    @@stacksmashing alright, I'll have a look at those. Thank you so much!

  • @Neywiny

    @Neywiny

    Жыл бұрын

    @@aathish04 I've used micros in the past, they're nice but one bit me when it pulled my i2c lines low when it wasn't powered. I use a digital discovery at work and it's amazing, especially with its high speed adapter kit. Very clean signals.

  • @newmonengineering

    @newmonengineering

    Жыл бұрын

    Personally I bought a 70$ one on Amazon and it does more than enough for me. Have used it a good bit. Probably the 10$ one would be enough for most to be honest

  • @schmidvid
    @schmidvid Жыл бұрын

    Didn’t understand a single word, but hey man, nice video, enjoyed it 😄

  • @DEMENTO01
    @DEMENTO01 Жыл бұрын

    this is so interesting wow! im now very curious about a few things tho. 1- How do splitters work? for example i have a very cheap aliexpress splitter that basically lets me plug in both charging cable and lightning earpods on my iphone at once, im guessing this thing is 100% passive but i have no ide and im not about to destroy it rn tbh. but if its passibe how can it communicate with both things at once? and if active, how does it get to split these two things? 2- does the cable reply to the device which charging capabilities it has? like if it can do fast charging or not, or is that linked to the modle number or name itself? 3- does the cable also talk to the charger it connects to? like does the apple PSU get any information about the lightning cable or device? apart from power delivery on fast chargers that is, especially curious on the old usb-a 5w and 10w ones and 4- how do fake cables work then? ive had bad luck getting some knockoff ones bc they would charge very very slowly and im thinking if it might be bc the controller was answering stuff wrong and the iphone has some sort of anti-illegitimate mehcanism or something or if it just replied as if it was the slowest charging cable that exists, i really hope youll check this stuff at some point plz! btw for reference this is the splitter i have (different store same thing tbh, not great bc it requires regular cleaning for it to work, also if u dont have experienc with aliexpress choose the aliexpress saver shipping unless its wayy too expensive for u bc at least in spain that option takes 2 weeks but the caniao expedited economy aka tghe default one for this takes months) www.aliexpress.com/item/1005004576959652.html

  • @mprebbz
    @mprebbz Жыл бұрын

    Respect man. You are truly awesome

  • @seanho123
    @seanho123 Жыл бұрын

    Been waiting for pt.2 for two months now

  • @ttxb
    @ttxb Жыл бұрын

    you are a gem!!! thank you for this video.

  • @duncanw9901
    @duncanw9901 Жыл бұрын

    Having worked on embedded projects that communicate with iOS devices before, I'm very interested to see where this goes. Some of this I recall from the spec; other parts it seems they don't even share with their MFi partners. I will not be sharing more information, as I don't even remember what I can and can't legally say.

  • @kwamenaplays5899

    @kwamenaplays5899

    Жыл бұрын

    MFi NDA

  • @Niosus

    @Niosus

    Жыл бұрын

    They were doing funky stuff with the 30 pin cable back in the day as well. A mix between analog and digital. I may be recalling this incorrectly, but I believe you had to do some dance applying different resistances to different pins in a specific order as part of the handshake. Really finicky stuff to get right. Different devices would react slightly differently to that handshake, to the point where even the different storage options of the same model of iPhone/iPod had an effect. You really had to test every permutation many times (50+) to be sure it worked. But take the details with a large grain of salt, I just did the testing. I remember this from hearing the engineers complain about it back then. I could be wildly wrong on the handshake part. I'm not worried about an NDA because I never signed anything like that with Apple. And the company where I got experience with this went bust a long time ago. Plus I don't think they really care about the 30 pin connector anymore, as long as you're not going around putting it on commercial products...

  • @rahuls4863

    @rahuls4863

    Жыл бұрын

    True. Like your exp, even in future, even for USB they are circumventing the standard protocol. USB already has data, power, fast charge etc. as standard - Apple is using only basic power from standard set, and they are using proprietary specs for other things (usb 3.1+ data speed, fast charge etc). All in the pretence of customer safety :)

  • @KiwisCassie

    @KiwisCassie

    Жыл бұрын

    @@rahuls4863 as louis rossman quotes, "safety and security!"

  • @teknikal_domain

    @teknikal_domain

    Жыл бұрын

    @@rahuls4863 I have a feeling the EU will strike them down for that.. or at least try and say "you know what we meant, we're not tolerating *malicious* compliance, do it like everyone else does"

  • @benhernandez9571
    @benhernandez9571 Жыл бұрын

    Wonderful video. Thank you!

  • @pallzoltan
    @pallzoltan Жыл бұрын

    This is so incredibly awesome

  • @asminsilwal5518
    @asminsilwal5518 Жыл бұрын

    This is interesting. Thanks for sharing.

  • @bnk28zfp
    @bnk28zfp Жыл бұрын

    thank you!! can wait what next!!!

  • @danrichman1
    @danrichman12 ай бұрын

    Fascinating! Thank you.

  • @Fewnity
    @Fewnity Жыл бұрын

    I want the next video this is so cool!

  • @Nathan123Bhi8
    @Nathan123Bhi8 Жыл бұрын

    Algorithm sent me here, and I’m glad! Can’t wait for the rest!

  • @Schimnesthai
    @Schimnesthai Жыл бұрын

    This is excellent!

  • @frequencymanipulator
    @frequencymanipulator Жыл бұрын

    This video got me all charged up. Positively electrifying.

  • @ra1nmaker001
    @ra1nmaker001 Жыл бұрын

    Eagerly waiting for part 2!

  • @blasalvadorwii
    @blasalvadorwii Жыл бұрын

    Very interesting video !

  • @johnadams6249
    @johnadams6249 Жыл бұрын

    fun fact, iPad Pro gen 1 and 2 use all 16 pins on lightning for usb 3.0 speeds (in conjunction with a usb-c to lightning cable)

  • @stacksmashing

    @stacksmashing

    Жыл бұрын

    Interesting, I didn’t know! Thanks :)

  • @Bromon655
    @Bromon6557 ай бұрын

    “Part 1” *_dips for 7 months_*

  • @TheStringBreaker
    @TheStringBreaker Жыл бұрын

    *Amazing video!*

  • @Hot.sausee
    @Hot.sausee Жыл бұрын

    Amazing video! When where is part 2?!!?

  • @itemushmush
    @itemushmush Жыл бұрын

    Wow you are a great communicator!

  • @stacksmashing

    @stacksmashing

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you, appreciate that :)

  • @xntumrfo9ivrnwf
    @xntumrfo9ivrnwf Жыл бұрын

    Super interesting! looking forward to the rest of the series. Also, I didn't know you were German :)

  • @Josh.Davidson
    @Josh.Davidson Жыл бұрын

    Great video!

  • @rafaelcoelho5226
    @rafaelcoelho5226 Жыл бұрын

    Awesome video

  • @seanho123
    @seanho1239 ай бұрын

    Waiting for pt.2 for 6 months now

  • @BD7PA
    @BD7PA10 ай бұрын

    Thank you for your very detailed technical sharing, why can't I find the second part, thank you.

  • @serggorod1423
    @serggorod1423 Жыл бұрын

    Good used analyser experience !

  • @venoradev
    @venoradev11 ай бұрын

    Tell me you're german without telling me you're german: Him: "Just talking"

  • @hkfuertes
    @hkfuertes Жыл бұрын

    Really really interesting.... Dumb question/idea.... Would it be possible via rpi0 or RPI pico to convert video signal from lightning to uvc USB gadget mode?

  • @BerkKara
    @BerkKara Жыл бұрын

    nice video with informations

  • @altayakkus4611
    @altayakkus4611 Жыл бұрын

    Perfect timing, just before they are forced to use USB-C :D

  • @-aexc-

    @-aexc-

    Жыл бұрын

    let's hope they dont manage to get around it

  • @altayakkus4611

    @altayakkus4611

    Жыл бұрын

    @@-aexc- I think that they announced that they are going to follow it.

  • @klafbang

    @klafbang

    Жыл бұрын

    @@altayakkus4611 They have confirmed they will follow the law. The law mandates USB-C for charging. USB-C connectors are already a clusterfuck used for many different standards, and rumors are already that the USB-C cables Apple plan on the next iPhone will need Apple certification for full functionality.

  • @jonasthemovie

    @jonasthemovie

    10 ай бұрын

    @@-aexc-Everyone should have been forced to use USB Micro.

  • @alexnoha
    @alexnoha Жыл бұрын

    Before watching the video, I thought that embedding the chip in the USB cable was stupid, because it costs more and creates more waste. Now, I'm waiting for the next part.

  • @MxGiK3HuNNx
    @MxGiK3HuNNx Жыл бұрын

    Keep up the good work

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