The Geometry of Causality

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Using geometry we can not only understand, but visualize how causality dictates the order of events in our universe. Start your Audible trial today at www.audible.com/spacetime
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In this episode we dive deeper into the relationship between space and time and explore how we can geometrically map the causality of the universe and increase our understanding of how time and distance relate to one another.
Important Reference Episodes:
The Speed of Light is not about Light (1:16)
• The Speed of Light is ...
Can You Trust Your Eyes in Space Time? (1:16)
• Can You Trust Your Eye...
Previous Episode:
Why Quasars are so Awesome
• Why Quasars are so Awe...
Written and hosted by Matt O’Dowd
Produced by Rusty Ward
Graphics by Grayson Blackmon
Made by Kornhaber Brown (www.kornhaberbrown.com)
Comments Answered by Matt:
Michael Lloyd
• The Phantom Singularit...
Jose Hernandez
• The Phantom Singularit...
Joan Eunice
• Why Quasars are so Awe...
Mike Cammiso
• Why Quasars are so Awe...
Bikram Sao
• Why Quasars are so Awe...
Cinestar Productions
• Why Quasars are so Awe...
Special thanks to our Patreon Big Bang, Quasar and Hypernova Supporters:
Big Bang
Henry Van Styn
David Nicklas
Quasar
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Will and Sonja Marple

Пікірлер: 2 600

  • @alrawshan2855
    @alrawshan28557 жыл бұрын

    I don't understand most of it, but it's fun to watch.

  • @letsgokrzy9564

    @letsgokrzy9564

    7 жыл бұрын

    I understood it all... after the second time watching it

  • @TarkMcCoy

    @TarkMcCoy

    7 жыл бұрын

    It's just witchcraft...

  • @gerritjanboeve

    @gerritjanboeve

    7 жыл бұрын

    It's a great sleeping aid, Sweet dreams guaranteed

  • @seffundoos

    @seffundoos

    7 жыл бұрын

    We must learn to walk before we can run.

  • @eloniusz

    @eloniusz

    7 жыл бұрын

    I lost it at 7:11

  • @starwarsjk99
    @starwarsjk997 жыл бұрын

    Beyond the event horizon this channel is PBS Time Space.

  • @ruatsangawhite7261

    @ruatsangawhite7261

    5 жыл бұрын

    Haha good one

  • @hunnitmanjuuve2404

    @hunnitmanjuuve2404

    4 жыл бұрын

    LMFAO

  • @josecasillas4081

    @josecasillas4081

    3 жыл бұрын

    relativity maybe? There is no absolute "floor" or "ceiling," but what it means to the observer either standing on that "floor" or looking up at that "ceiling." They are both correct in what they are seeing. The idea is to be able to change back and forth between the two, i.e the Lorentz transformation, and to do that you need an invariant that is true in all reference frames (whether on the first floor or second floor). lol I have no idea what I'm talking about, but there you go.

  • @pierfrancescopeperoni

    @pierfrancescopeperoni

    3 жыл бұрын

    PBS Space Time is the most curved channel on KZread.

  • @-_Nuke_-
    @-_Nuke_-7 жыл бұрын

    "There was a young lady named Bright, Who could travel, faster than the speed of light Said she went off one day, In a relative way, Begun for her return when the time was right Only to arrive the previous night" :)

  • @alexandertownsend3291

    @alexandertownsend3291

    4 жыл бұрын

    That is a great poem.

  • @-_Nuke_-

    @-_Nuke_-

    4 жыл бұрын

    ​@@alexandertownsend3291 Yes! One of my favorites...

  • @fardeenrafiq

    @fardeenrafiq

    4 жыл бұрын

    Michio kaku's Hyperspace

  • @Integralsouls

    @Integralsouls

    3 жыл бұрын

    Lol

  • @hdliggett

    @hdliggett

    3 жыл бұрын

    sounds like a predestination paradox to me.

  • @LordThranduil234
    @LordThranduil2347 жыл бұрын

    Can I just say I love that this series doesn't shy away from the math behind these concepts? It's still a super high-level overview, but so many other videos seem afraid to even show a mathematical formula on the screen. Even if I don't really understand it, I like knowing what it looks like; it makes me want to learn more about it.

  • @LividImp
    @LividImp7 жыл бұрын

    PBS Space Time, the cure for people that thought they were smart.

  • @kristiansandsmark2048

    @kristiansandsmark2048

    6 жыл бұрын

    I think that applies to me

  • @ericthurman1050

    @ericthurman1050

    6 жыл бұрын

    yeah, i think that applies to me

  • @massimoacerbis8138

    @massimoacerbis8138

    5 жыл бұрын

    One of the best aspect of studying physics is " the more we know the more the perceive our ignorance"

  • @LuisSierra42

    @LuisSierra42

    5 жыл бұрын

    Yeah, man, this is humility class

  • @huggniceman4975

    @huggniceman4975

    5 жыл бұрын

    There's a point in each episode where I realize I have been lost for the last 5+ minutes

  • @DicerX
    @DicerX7 жыл бұрын

    I am dying for a video about time-crystals! Can't wait.

  • @rubendarocha8339

    @rubendarocha8339

    7 жыл бұрын

    Demi God aha same

  • @meltheofcgamergirl

    @meltheofcgamergirl

    7 жыл бұрын

    oh man! I tweeted that at them a couple days ago

  • @Rationalific

    @Rationalific

    7 жыл бұрын

    I'd never heard of time-crystals before. My mind only conjured up Sonic CD. I looked it up, and it is mind-bending, but hopefully this program can help me understand to some extent.

  • @vampyricon7026

    @vampyricon7026

    7 жыл бұрын

    YES! Oh my god I didn't connect these two together. I saw time crystals and wanted to find out more about them but I didn't think of asking Matt. Demi God, you're a genius. (Or I'm stupid. It's relative.)

  • @bored_person

    @bored_person

    7 жыл бұрын

    What?

  • @SplendidFellow
    @SplendidFellow3 жыл бұрын

    I didn't understand before, but after literally hundreds of hours of watching physics lessons and lectures, I finally understand, and it's absolutely mind blowing and incredible! I've decided to get a master's degree in physics! Thank you, PBS Space Time, for tackling these incredibly complex subjects!

  • @beardedroofer
    @beardedroofer5 жыл бұрын

    Lived in many apartment buildings. One man's floor is another man's ceiling. Don't know what that has to do with the topic, it just popped into my head listening to Matt.

  • @fuffoon

    @fuffoon

    4 жыл бұрын

    I have five cats.

  • @oreore2208

    @oreore2208

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@fuffoon That's 45 lives.

  • @mcprol2467

    @mcprol2467

    3 жыл бұрын

    This sounds deep, but it isn't. I love it.

  • @aayush_dutt

    @aayush_dutt

    3 жыл бұрын

    The ceiling of what I can understand is Einstein's floor

  • @beardedroofer

    @beardedroofer

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@aayush_dutt I just pictured Ol' Albert banging his cane on his floor saying, "Keep it down, down there!" Lmao!

  • @weldin
    @weldin7 жыл бұрын

    I don't really know what this means, but the pretty colors amuse me.

  • @ericsbuds

    @ericsbuds

    7 жыл бұрын

    colours*

  • @joshurlay

    @joshurlay

    7 жыл бұрын

    ericsbuds Kuhl * lurs *

  • @ericsbuds

    @ericsbuds

    7 жыл бұрын

    couluours

  • @LyubomirIko

    @LyubomirIko

    7 жыл бұрын

    cuoliriuolusousolsos

  • @DoctressCalibrator

    @DoctressCalibrator

    6 жыл бұрын

    Read some books. Stop being stupid.

  • @roy04
    @roy044 жыл бұрын

    At this point, I'm just pretending to understand

  • @joemixx28

    @joemixx28

    3 жыл бұрын

    Same lol

  • @Guizambaldi

    @Guizambaldi

    3 жыл бұрын

    I do that in class too... everytime the professor looks at me I just nod yes.

  • @pierfrancescopeperoni

    @pierfrancescopeperoni

    3 жыл бұрын

    I can't see the point. Why would you pretend to understand?

  • @jewulo

    @jewulo

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@pierfrancescopeperoni Because it is a complex subject and it would be sad to be ignorant despite the simplicity of the presentation.

  • @kronikevaporation6007

    @kronikevaporation6007

    2 жыл бұрын

    A pretty subpar explanation only adds to that. The animation and graphics are top tier, but explanation by the guy leaves demanding.

  • @corkkyle
    @corkkyle5 жыл бұрын

    Such a high-quality, high value video. Thank you!! I'm a curious 51 year old layman, using this and other videos to scratch that itch (yearning, really) to understand more about whatever IS is.

  • @kickboxerinsj13

    @kickboxerinsj13

    4 жыл бұрын

    I'm 34 and doing the same thing, I applaud your thirst for understanding!

  • @redaabakhti768

    @redaabakhti768

    4 жыл бұрын

    great respect for your keep that sparkle alive

  • @Mermaider

    @Mermaider

    3 жыл бұрын

    You'll won't understand anything from this

  • @fabricekahn2815

    @fabricekahn2815

    2 жыл бұрын

    I am 59 and I continue to learn and try to transfer to my beloved ones

  • @eucariote79

    @eucariote79

    2 жыл бұрын

    use phylosophy, too. i find that a presocratic like state of wonder is proper for now. i can almost concieve how in physics the indivual refuses the general, but this becoming has laws so it seems to lead somewhere. ths episode was good info.

  • @TalymoMakes
    @TalymoMakes3 жыл бұрын

    I have panic and anxiety disorder and anytime I start feeling panic or anxiety, I watch these videos and it goes all away. Thank you. This universe is infinitely complex and amazing. The way you present it is soothing and thought-provoking. You are appreciated!

  • @xdamogussus2535

    @xdamogussus2535

    3 жыл бұрын

    Never thought that watching videos on the nature of reality would make your anxiety go away. For me, it goes the other way!

  • @TalymoMakes

    @TalymoMakes

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@xdamogussus2535 it helps me to remember I’m way more complex and infinitely small inside the vast universe. And think of all the amazing things we have yet to fully understand! What is there to be anxious about when hundreds of thousands of stars are being born and galaxies are colliding in this chaotic dark infinity?

  • @haridaniel777

    @haridaniel777

    2 жыл бұрын

    That's not a "disorder", but just stupid labels created by pharma to sell their useless, addictive sh*t, that just suppressing your problem instead of opening it, and finding the root causes, because healthy people is no business.

  • @JD-jl4yy

    @JD-jl4yy

    2 жыл бұрын

    That's really cool! Especially because understanding these videos can be quite a hard and stressful task haha But I guess surrendering yourself to the complexity of it all can be soothing in a way :)

  • @seanriopel3132

    @seanriopel3132

    Жыл бұрын

    It's funny, I used to have an existential crisis everytime I used to study cosmology. Now, just like you, it is one of the only things that can focus my mind and cure my any anxiety... That and music.

  • @Cabutronize
    @Cabutronize4 жыл бұрын

    Man, these videos fill me with awe because they make me realize that there is so much we don't know. Really puts your feet back on the ground.

  • @ExNihil0
    @ExNihil07 жыл бұрын

    this is some inspiring work you do here. I'm sure all the self learners are very thankful.

  • @qclod

    @qclod

    7 жыл бұрын

    Sirius Lycan we are

  • @eduardolopes243

    @eduardolopes243

    7 жыл бұрын

    and clueless about what he's talking about, but still thankful!

  • @feynstein1004

    @feynstein1004

    7 жыл бұрын

    I am :)

  • @diehardparamveer

    @diehardparamveer

    7 жыл бұрын

    yeah yeah thanks!!

  • @The_Rising_Dragon

    @The_Rising_Dragon

    7 жыл бұрын

    +

  • @pizzicato16
    @pizzicato167 жыл бұрын

    I have never fully understood the Lorentz transformation until now. I need to pick up the pieces of my brain now, because my head just exploded.

  • @zachshafer1274
    @zachshafer12742 жыл бұрын

    My mind just broke but in a good way. These videos are what inspire me to want to go into science when I get out of high school. Absolutely wonderful

  • @Theprofessorator
    @Theprofessorator7 жыл бұрын

    Wow, this video blew my mind. The analogies were on point, for a long time as a physics-enthusiast (but not official student) I've had a hard time finding new material that wasn't just the same-old, without a solid basis in math. This presentation of complex mathematics but using colloquial verbiage using visual representation through graphs really drove home a lot of points for me. 11/10 this video was amazing.

  • @TheArnoldification

    @TheArnoldification

    7 жыл бұрын

    About the math - I highly suggest you take the time to learn about ODE's and PDE's. It is extremely rare for people to be able to visualize and understand higher level concepts with any degree of accuracy without having solid background knowledge in multivariable calculus/differential equations. In my opinion the math is easier to learn than physics concepts like these in the first place. I am majoring in electrical engineering and I haven't seen a topic in any of my courses that didn't rely on math or some form of mathematical model. my pre-req's are the same classes undergrads majoring in math and physics take, so this isn't specific to engineers.

  • @moffig1

    @moffig1

    7 жыл бұрын

    TheArnoldification I think about studying electrical engineering at uni. Can anyone successfully study it? Im worried I might not be smart enough and fail

  • @TheArnoldification

    @TheArnoldification

    7 жыл бұрын

    +A Rowing Fish Hey. I would say commitment is more important than smarts in engineering. Electrical is one of the more difficult fields due to most concepts being from math and physics. Personally I am comfortable with both of those fields so it has been mostly smooth sailing. A rundown of some of the concepts in electrical engineering you can easily google: Single variable calculus topics (basically, just computing derivatives and integrals with one independent and dependent variable, like taking the derivative of something like 5 sin (2x) or something). Linear algebra topics (stuff like solving simultaneous systems of equations, existence and uniqueness, vector spaces etc.), ODE's (Several dependant variables and one independant variable), some knowledge in probability and statistics, classical newtonian mechanics, electricity & magnetism, thermodynamics & optics, not including engineerig specific topics. It might sound daunting but take it piece by piece. If you'd like I could give you a few algebra/pre-calc questions as an informal math assessment. I really do think you should be fine though if you are at all proficient in math in high school and are prepared to do lots of studying (and asking questions!!!)

  • @moffig1

    @moffig1

    7 жыл бұрын

    TheArnoldification Thanks for the elaborate answer. Can we continue talking somewhere else? I have a lot of questions and the youtube comment section might not be the best place to save all your answers so I can look them up later

  • @TheArnoldification

    @TheArnoldification

    7 жыл бұрын

    Sure thing. You can contact me at my school e-mail: robert_robinson@my.uri.edu Keep in mind I have a somewhat inconsistent schedule, so you can either expect immediate answers or answers that'll take a while.

  • @Vir9il
    @Vir9il6 жыл бұрын

    This is one of the best channels on KZread. Hands-down.

  • @nayanjohnson5776
    @nayanjohnson57764 жыл бұрын

    That change from 2D to 3D was awesome, I love seeing how the same concepts can be explained so differently

  • @seanphurley
    @seanphurley Жыл бұрын

    what you do is so important and really contrasts with the old pop science book method of disseminating information. im sure the public will still be uninformed, but a better class of uninformed because of programs like this

  • @Biskawow
    @Biskawow7 жыл бұрын

    1:24 those graphics shows that patreon money is being well spent!

  • @tambomaster3
    @tambomaster37 жыл бұрын

    "At least is True... That mankind has no control even in his own will..." -Berserk Intro Narrator-

  • @dreadedsage8630

    @dreadedsage8630

    4 жыл бұрын

    The English voice actor killed that man.

  • @cacasheetpipi

    @cacasheetpipi

    3 жыл бұрын

    Put your grasses on!

  • @TheIgdrasil1

    @TheIgdrasil1

    3 жыл бұрын

    As dictated by causality...

  • @superuser1729

    @superuser1729

    Ай бұрын

    ​@@cacasheetpipinothin will be wong

  • @AlfredoRe
    @AlfredoRe7 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for this. I find it immensely easier to understand it when it's expressed in geometry, as here, rather than in numbers.

  • @bryanchambers1964
    @bryanchambers19647 жыл бұрын

    As a physicist myself I can say this is explained phenomenally. Certainly some parts you just have to replay a few times before they make sense.

  • @jpian0923
    @jpian09237 жыл бұрын

    I'm probably going to have to re-watch this a few times.

  • @neilarmstrong7094

    @neilarmstrong7094

    7 жыл бұрын

    James Pian - OW! ...My brainhole.

  • @aguuaaa

    @aguuaaa

    7 жыл бұрын

    James Pian a few dozens of times for me

  • @MrSpock-sm3dd

    @MrSpock-sm3dd

    7 жыл бұрын

    I'm only six years old and I got it at the first time

  • @aaron2709

    @aaron2709

    7 жыл бұрын

    Time is relative. Are you 'six years old' on a space ship going near the speed of light?

  • @LuisSierra42

    @LuisSierra42

    5 жыл бұрын

    I'm going to watch c times

  • @MaxArceus
    @MaxArceus7 жыл бұрын

    Did you just .. video-edit yourself onto an EM-Drive, as if you're riding a bull..?

  • @LiquidTang

    @LiquidTang

    7 жыл бұрын

    I was thinking more along the lines of the Dr. Strange love nuke ride

  • @PlasmaHH

    @PlasmaHH

    7 жыл бұрын

    I am pretty sure someone else did it for him

  • @Hecatonicosachoron

    @Hecatonicosachoron

    7 жыл бұрын

    Notice that he's *not* accelerating. :D

  • @LordMichaelRahl

    @LordMichaelRahl

    7 жыл бұрын

    With Uatu the Watcher casually observing.

  • @rupamg

    @rupamg

    7 жыл бұрын

    I know, right?! I was like, you should've said a Watcher and not an observer. But it was awesome!

  • @connormudie3870
    @connormudie38703 жыл бұрын

    2:20 the equation is a rearrangement of A^2 + b^2 = c^2 or pythagorus right angle triangle rule into A^2 = C^2 - B^2 with a being delta S and C is delta X which is your change in distance through space and B is (C^2)*delta T which is the speed of light squared multiplied by the change in time. if you consider your distance through space and your distance through time as perpendicular to each other it forms a right angle triangle which is why you can use pythagorus, as to why time is multiplied by the speed of light squared is because you move through time at time speed of light or roughly 3x10^8 m/s through flat space with no velocity through space, i hope this makes sense if anyone was wondering or confused, if anyone reads this please reply to the comment or atleast like it so that i know it helped someone

  • @glenralph5123
    @glenralph51234 жыл бұрын

    Expect this video to receive a few hundred more views in the coming week. They'll all be mine of course.

  • @Max_6200

    @Max_6200

    4 жыл бұрын

    I like ur avatar pic)

  • @supremex4207

    @supremex4207

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@Max_6200 its the same picture on the disk that we threw in space for it to be recognised by alien

  • @Dingus_Khaan
    @Dingus_Khaan7 жыл бұрын

    We need an independent gif of you riding the EM drive. For reasons.

  • @demukazz

    @demukazz

    7 жыл бұрын

    That would perfectly sum up all space-time in one gif :D

  • @MirorR3fl3ction

    @MirorR3fl3ction

    7 жыл бұрын

    Please post said GIF to the subreddit if you find/make it

  • @BrettG17

    @BrettG17

    6 жыл бұрын

    Made one. j.gifs.com/vo590n.gif

  • @LuisSierra42

    @LuisSierra42

    5 жыл бұрын

    That was genius

  • @factsheet4930
    @factsheet49307 жыл бұрын

    1:24 Cowboy Matt riding on an EM drive, at close to light speeds :O Now I have seen it all!

  • @rlh1984
    @rlh19843 жыл бұрын

    No matter how many Space Time videos you watch, there’s always a video from before that explains something in the video you’re currently watching.

  • @panda177

    @panda177

    Жыл бұрын

    this is so true lol. I've come down 5 or so videos because of "watch this video to get a better understanding"

  • @drainedzombie2508

    @drainedzombie2508

    11 ай бұрын

    @@panda177 haha same here. This is my 4th one. Little frustrating tho.

  • @mediummusic6817
    @mediummusic68175 жыл бұрын

    The way that you visually exampled the Lorenz transformation was amazing, had a good understanding of the mathematics but this would have saved me hours or study trying to comprehend it years ago, this is amazing

  • @averagejoebitcoin

    @averagejoebitcoin

    2 жыл бұрын

    That Linear algebra in non Euclidean geometry really comes in handy 😂

  • @mushroomsamba82
    @mushroomsamba827 жыл бұрын

    I'm a visual learner and the geometry bit really helped me wrap my head around the conecept

  • @MitchellMcKinnon
    @MitchellMcKinnon7 жыл бұрын

    I love that you recommend previous videos to watch for context. I just ended several hours of videos since each of those referenced videos references more videos. . .

  • @ViewtifulSam
    @ViewtifulSam4 жыл бұрын

    Every time I see a Lorentz transformation in this channel I think I internalize a bit better its meaning and intuition. Thanks for repeating the explanation for it in a self contained way!

  • @TheHernanNoguera
    @TheHernanNoguera4 жыл бұрын

    One the most mind-blowing videos on this channel (and that’s saying a lot!). “Space Time” should make a whole playlist revolving around Time and Temporality in contemporary physics.

  • @FranciscoCaramello
    @FranciscoCaramello7 жыл бұрын

    "But using geometry, instead of math". Poor geometers :(

  • @feynstein1004

    @feynstein1004

    Ай бұрын

    I mean, geometry is math too. I guess meant algebra 😂

  • @azdgariarada
    @azdgariarada7 жыл бұрын

    By the 2nd law of conservation of hilarity, you are REQUIRED to show us the outtakes from making that "ride the EM drive with a cowboy hat" scene.

  • @ShinobiNeon

    @ShinobiNeon

    6 жыл бұрын

    There were no outtakes. He just reversed the direction of his spacetime intervals, went back in time, and did it right the first try.

  • @MPSpecial
    @MPSpecial7 жыл бұрын

    4:29 “These are not just a pretty pattern” Just putting this here for the author of the subtitles

  • @duif4b

    @duif4b

    6 жыл бұрын

    that tricky beautiful accent... also, several times he says the plural form "hyperbolae" (listen carefully, or derive from context) while the subtitles show "hyperbola". Also 13:32 "iron atoms", not "ion", and 14:51 "accreting gas", not "creating gas". Can someone fix...?

  • @steelmagnum
    @steelmagnum4 жыл бұрын

    One of my comp sci professors took a day out of our regularly scheduled program to discuss the mathematics of infinities. The class quickly developed a repeating pattern. "This is so and so, he pioneered the mathematics of infinities... and then he went mad... This is someone else, they discovered that not all infinities are equivalent... and then he went mad..."

  • @paultheaudaciousbradford6772

    @paultheaudaciousbradford6772

    4 жыл бұрын

    I think it’s amusing ... but it’s more than amusing. Honestly. There’s something that happens to a person’s neurons when they think about the issues of infinity. If you press it too hard, those brain paths will break. Then the rainbow unicorns come by to keep you company.

  • @MrMakae90
    @MrMakae907 жыл бұрын

    "Yes, there is a curve" - it is all I needed to hear. I'm in.

  • @AmberMaryAnne
    @AmberMaryAnne7 жыл бұрын

    I would just like to say I took alevel physics so that I could understand these videos 😂

  • @connorp3030

    @connorp3030

    7 жыл бұрын

    Did it work?

  • @AmberMaryAnne

    @AmberMaryAnne

    7 жыл бұрын

    connorp3030 um tbh not really we haven't started the spacey fun stuff yet 😂

  • @xxNATHANUKxx

    @xxNATHANUKxx

    7 жыл бұрын

    Amber MaryAnne good look with that, this is university level shit

  • @aneeshprasobhan

    @aneeshprasobhan

    7 жыл бұрын

    you are certainly an "A" level ;)

  • @NuclearCraftMod

    @NuclearCraftMod

    7 жыл бұрын

    You'll do a little bit of special relativity in the second year, but general relativity is second and third year undergrad level ;)

  • @DOZADEGAMIN
    @DOZADEGAMIN5 жыл бұрын

    Yep..this confirms it. I am dumb.

  • @phenomenalphysics3548

    @phenomenalphysics3548

    4 жыл бұрын

    No you're not

  • @nickverdone7521

    @nickverdone7521

    4 жыл бұрын

    I'm sure they dumb down the content for television lol.

  • @nickverdone7521

    @nickverdone7521

    4 жыл бұрын

    Which makes me feel like i really dont know nothin!

  • @johnyang799

    @johnyang799

    3 жыл бұрын

    @Vagabond Years of training.

  • @jojo_87_xy

    @jojo_87_xy

    3 жыл бұрын

    U are only dumb if u don't use ur potential. Than u are lazy and that's dumb. But ur not dumb, if u are limited, u always can push ur limits.

  • @taitywaity1836
    @taitywaity18367 жыл бұрын

    This has got to be one of your best episodes yet. I was sceptical when Gabe left, but now... am I a bad person if I say I'm glad?

  • @lorenbooker9486
    @lorenbooker94867 жыл бұрын

    Last time I was this early I flipped my Space-Time interval.

  • @theoryofeverythingwowo1444
    @theoryofeverythingwowo14446 жыл бұрын

    I just love this channel. Thank you everyone.

  • @kylezo
    @kylezo2 жыл бұрын

    I mean this show is literally the BEST. It's so good that I worry it can't possibly last. I mean omg the resources and answers you're able to provide just in the Q&A at the end of an episode alone are fantastic. Maybe I'm just easily impressed because I'm not a post grad physicist, idk.

  • @aldo_mores
    @aldo_mores7 жыл бұрын

    Having the "observer" be Uatu was neat!

  • @Sir_Brennan
    @Sir_Brennan7 жыл бұрын

    I would LOVE to be student in a class taught by you.

  • @gagago302
    @gagago3027 жыл бұрын

    I'm early; but only partially in the entropic causality of space time, eh?

  • @Bella_Stend

    @Bella_Stend

    7 жыл бұрын

    from my frame of reference, i was here before you

  • @Variecs

    @Variecs

    7 жыл бұрын

    in which frame of reference are you early?

  • @Variecs

    @Variecs

    7 жыл бұрын

    it's funny, i didn't see your comment when was writing it, yet it says that you posted it before me. I wonder what's the KZread's frame of reference...

  • @bobfl42

    @bobfl42

    7 жыл бұрын

    I'm pleased there is someone else like me. It's a great show and I try to comprehend.

  • @d.l.918

    @d.l.918

    7 жыл бұрын

    I commented before the video was up.

  • @ShinobiNeon
    @ShinobiNeon6 жыл бұрын

    I love episodes like this that have a more scifi feel. Talking about time travel in a real world context is just awesome.

  • @gamccoy
    @gamccoy7 жыл бұрын

    The best episode I've seen for a while. I really appreciate the time (no pun) taken for the complex visuals.

  • @txisbest2010
    @txisbest20107 жыл бұрын

    Must be nice to have a prof who hosts a show on youtube... Wish I had one...

  • @Squidward1314
    @Squidward13147 жыл бұрын

    Man, I love this channel so much!! Our universe never ceases to amaze me.. also love the fact you end every episode with "space-time" ;-)

  • @cypheir
    @cypheir7 жыл бұрын

    I just wish all those old discovery channel and learning channel documentaries when i was a kid had challenged me with this level of explanation... It would have been sooo much better!

  • @TWRehab
    @TWRehab3 жыл бұрын

    This video proves time is recursive. Im stuck watching it on repeat unable to understand for eternity.

  • @MvLambda
    @MvLambda7 жыл бұрын

    That ride on a rocket made my day

  • @tranl1050
    @tranl10507 жыл бұрын

    ''To all my students in astronomy this semester..." does he actually teach classes?

  • @Krokoklemmee

    @Krokoklemmee

    5 жыл бұрын

    late answer, but: yes, he actually does

  • @Tuntum1804

    @Tuntum1804

    5 жыл бұрын

    @@Krokoklemmee in a university I assume ?

  • @NaumRusomarov

    @NaumRusomarov

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@Tuntum1804 yes. he's a university professor and a real astrophysics researcher.

  • @ThatisnotHair

    @ThatisnotHair

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@Tuntum1804 New York City University. He is an actual astrophysics professor

  • @christopherellis2663

    @christopherellis2663

    3 жыл бұрын

    This is not Astronomy, but Cosmology. "Forward time direction" As if the motion of matter in space had a specific direction. Such a sloppy use of metaphor!

  • @abez162
    @abez1627 жыл бұрын

    its a satisfying feeling understand the parsed phrases that someone is saying, but when you try to grasp the concept of the greater scope of what they mean becoming abashed.

  • @MultiSteveB
    @MultiSteveB3 жыл бұрын

    15:41 "Yes, there is a curve" I thought for sure he would end there by saying "...in Space Time".

  • @BrendanSteffens
    @BrendanSteffens7 жыл бұрын

    "We just performed a Lorentz Transformation....something that I bet some of you physics students out there took two full years of rigorous study to understand."

  • @garethdean6382

    @garethdean6382

    7 жыл бұрын

    But did WE understand it or just go along for the ride?

  • @Eris123451

    @Eris123451

    5 жыл бұрын

    I understood it but then I already understood it without watching the video; but he makes it seem much more difficult than it really is and people with a, "phobia," about even simple algebra mathematics probably shouldn't be wasting their time on this shit anyway. The problem with analogy and comparison with unlike, "things," at completely different scales for example is always going to be this. 'That is a very graphic analogy which aids understanding wonderfully while being, strictly speaking, wrong in every possible way ...' (MM) This is quite a bit better than that in fact but even so ?

  • @funtimefullpull1676

    @funtimefullpull1676

    5 жыл бұрын

    When we understand everything. Will we really understand or will we stop thinking about anything because we think we understand everything. What do we ever really find out from thinking of the things but only more of the same things to think about. Do you think we understand relativity yet? These are the things of things. For Einstein has but burdened us with an unsolvable riddle yet we fiddle and fiddle.

  • @tagair211
    @tagair2114 жыл бұрын

    When the diagram rotated from 2D to 3D, I was like "ooooOOOOOAAAAAAAAAHHHHHHH !!!!!!"

  • @papyrophobia
    @papyrophobia7 жыл бұрын

    This is my favorite episode to date. Thanks for not skipping all the details.

  • @brynbstn
    @brynbstn4 жыл бұрын

    This is the best video you've done explaining Time/Space - - you've finally focused on really explaining it carefully and creating some helpful visuals - - kudos!

  • @armindevilla8257
    @armindevilla82577 жыл бұрын

    I'm curious how would a universe would work with 2D time.

  • @KohuGaly

    @KohuGaly

    7 жыл бұрын

    as far as general relativity goes, it wouldn't make any difference - time is equivalent with other directions. The reason why we consider time to be a special direction is, because it is the direction in which entropy increases (that's what 2nd law of thermodynamics actually means in context of spacetime). The question of 2D time is really a question of how can entropy increase in two perpendicular directions at once. I'm not sure if that even makes any sense mathematically - it might require two different entropies to exist. The only way I can possibly visualize that is that the universe would be strangely assymetric, being extremely ordered in one direction and disordered in another (which would be one time dimension), while also disordering forwards in time (second time dimension).

  • @mobdb5478

    @mobdb5478

    7 жыл бұрын

    Lot of papers written on that, turns to be messy and dead end.... Sort of theoretical physicist mental masturbation :P , let's get back, we haven't figured reality yet, let alone inventing one just for fun :P

  • @armindevilla8257

    @armindevilla8257

    7 жыл бұрын

    but those dimensions wouldn't be separate so time could change directions

  • @NuclearCraftMod

    @NuclearCraftMod

    7 жыл бұрын

    You can easily construct a world of two temporal dimensions in general relativity, but things get messy quickly and, as you might expect, it's difficult to really make any meaningful conclusions.

  • @drdca8263

    @drdca8263

    7 жыл бұрын

    KohuGaly But what about the (3,1) signature thing? I thought GR was done with a metric tensor with a signature 3,1 . If it had a signature of say, 3,2 , I think that would be what the question would be about? I don't know general relativity, but my understanding is that the metric tensors in GR are bilinear forms, which, for some basis, have a matrix which has on the main diagonal, 1,1,1,-1 (or -1,-1,-1,1 , depending on convention) (and 0 elsewhere). Is this understanding incorrect?

  • @Heschoscho
    @Heschoscho7 жыл бұрын

    Watching Spacetime can not hurt, he says, while I'm watching instead of learning for my physics exam. And this video is not even closely connected to Newtonian Mechanics :(

  • @Ricocossa1

    @Ricocossa1

    7 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for reminding me I need to study for Analysis ^^

  • @Heschoscho

    @Heschoscho

    7 жыл бұрын

    Skipping that one for this semester. Can't figure out how to start the proves to the problem. Once I got an Idea how to do it the prove itself is simple, but figuring out the "foothold" is just impossible for me

  • @218Flows

    @218Flows

    7 жыл бұрын

    All you have to do is figure out what units they want the answer in! Then use an equation you know to get those units - Physics Hahahahaaha

  • @garethdean6382

    @garethdean6382

    7 жыл бұрын

    'We want the answer in ergs.' 'Oh good, what are those again?'

  • @vampyricon7026

    @vampyricon7026

    7 жыл бұрын

    +

  • @rdlulu
    @rdlulu2 жыл бұрын

    PBS Space Time is done by people who came from the academic world and who actually knows science; thanks a lot

  • @5naxalotl
    @5naxalotl5 жыл бұрын

    this exactly explains the cluster of concepts i haven't been able to get past. useful diagrams and multiple clear explanations from different directions

  • @joelee1195
    @joelee11954 жыл бұрын

    “To preserve our sanity.....” LOL I started going insane at 9:15

  • @wildlifesoni2039

    @wildlifesoni2039

    4 жыл бұрын

    It is only a Scientific theory. It may be change in future after better new reality about space and time. I am also waiting for that period when realy believe about an exact true theory about Space and Time. 🤔🙃🤔

  • @lilninja1990
    @lilninja19907 жыл бұрын

    I love your content! I would recommend your channel to friends, but I don't have any. So I'll just go back in time and recommend it to myself.

  • @sanikadixit9223
    @sanikadixit92233 жыл бұрын

    Every video introduces new topics which gives you a slap in the face realization of how much you don't know.

  • @danielratcliffe3672
    @danielratcliffe36725 ай бұрын

    Matt was more buff back in 2018, the t-shirt gives it away, exercising the body and the mind simultaneously gives best results

  • @saeedbaig4249
    @saeedbaig42497 жыл бұрын

    Published 8 min ago; already 1 dislike. That means someone disliked it without even watching halfway through.

  • @drparadox2776
    @drparadox27764 жыл бұрын

    I need to rewind every sentence twice -_- 16 min video was 30 mins to me Time is relative. Seriously

  • @ThePunkPatriot
    @ThePunkPatriot7 жыл бұрын

    This was fantastic. As somebody who understands geometry far better and more intuitively than mathematics, this was very helpful for understanding the mathematics.

  • @karan_hiremath
    @karan_hiremath4 жыл бұрын

    In high school science Olympiad I had a question about space time diagrams and had absolutely no idea how it worked. Thank you for finally giving me that knowledge I was lacking, 8 years too late unfortunately!

  • @rashisti
    @rashisti7 жыл бұрын

    Ha I got an ad for PBS Space Time as I que up a PBS Space Time video. Causality?

  • @5daysastranger

    @5daysastranger

    7 жыл бұрын

    No! Fatality. Babality. Wait... Friendship...Friendship? Again? Toaaastyyyy. Ok i'm done.

  • @joelhaggis5054
    @joelhaggis50546 жыл бұрын

    7:00 "Using geometry rather than math" ah buddy i got some bad news

  • @garmatey3816

    @garmatey3816

    3 жыл бұрын

    Joel Haggis what?

  • @swaraagsistla8641

    @swaraagsistla8641

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@garmatey3816 considering geometry is a part of math, that makes no sense, so that's the joke 😂

  • @bastadtroll8922

    @bastadtroll8922

    3 жыл бұрын

    i think the pont he was trying to make was using coordinates visually vs numerical calculation

  • @callinfordooty5502

    @callinfordooty5502

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@bastadtroll8922graphical analysis

  • @bastadtroll8922

    @bastadtroll8922

    3 жыл бұрын

    ​@@callinfordooty5502 no diggity!

  • @auto514
    @auto5144 жыл бұрын

    I’ve been bamboozled! This video is three years old! I’m turning off posts now.

  • @ryanortega4469
    @ryanortega44697 жыл бұрын

    Thank you! I have watched this viddy about four times and will continue to do so. It is very introductory to one who is learning.

  • @DemetriosMPapadakes
    @DemetriosMPapadakes3 жыл бұрын

    This is your most important video, and it's unfortunate that it is so short that it doesn't do it proper justice. Excellent work. I wish you had devoted more time and space to it for a just cause. Pun intended.

  • @thenovicenovelist

    @thenovicenovelist

    Жыл бұрын

    Based on what other KZreadrs have said, many channels make videos a certain way due to the algorithm. Including the length of the video.

  • @B34RProductions
    @B34RProductions2 жыл бұрын

    Skull knight explaining this to guts.

  • @unclerick1568
    @unclerick15685 жыл бұрын

    I adore the fact that PBS Space Time doesn't "baby" the viewer; They dive right into the rigor. This channel is one of the gems of KZread. I always wonder about the minds that write the scripts for these videos.

  • @karius85
    @karius853 жыл бұрын

    "...by using geometry rather than math..." Now THIS is impressive!

  • @Binyamin.Tsadik
    @Binyamin.Tsadik7 жыл бұрын

    One of the best explanations on the subject that I've heard in a long time. It is a very fresh and new perspective on the same idea that we all know and love. Each new perspective allows us to understand the subject better, so this video is critical for our encompassing learning around this subject. Thank you to +PBS Space Time for this great explanation. It's funny, but in the end, we all get to our own precise explanation of the subject, as far as it is able to penetrate within our reasoning. So it is always nice to try and see the subject from the perspective of another person who is able to do the same thing. Based on this explanation, I am able to know that you have a logically structured reasoning system and the ability to conform Physics to it, through math and geometry. Keep it up, looking forward to seeing more of your perspective of the universe's structure. Binyamin Ps. Love to talk Physics with you some time.

  • @funtimefullpull1676

    @funtimefullpull1676

    5 жыл бұрын

    Great explanation. But still no understanding it cause all things are relative and relativity cannot be defined by any man made word

  • @yvesnyfelerph.d.8297

    @yvesnyfelerph.d.8297

    4 жыл бұрын

    Still does nothing to explain the twin paradox. Why there should be any asymmetry when he's on the rocket vs the observer on earth is still beyond me

  • @hgbugalou
    @hgbugalou6 жыл бұрын

    A man once told me time is a flat circle.

  • @funtimefullpull1676

    @funtimefullpull1676

    5 жыл бұрын

    what is a circle and what do you mean by flat

  • @user-hu5he8je2d

    @user-hu5he8je2d

    5 жыл бұрын

    Recursive you mean?

  • @etvivit7507

    @etvivit7507

    5 жыл бұрын

    Was he living in the True Detective Universe? Was his name Nietzsche? I wonder if Tachyons in this flat universe traviel in a flat circle. If so, what do they do when they reach the big bang?

  • @shayne7843

    @shayne7843

    4 жыл бұрын

    Time Cube (look it up)

  • @nosachamos
    @nosachamos7 жыл бұрын

    One the best episodes yet, thank you! This was truly fantastic!

  • @dredrotten
    @dredrotten7 жыл бұрын

    Im 63 y/o and surprised that I can understand most of this but then again Ive been interested in this stuff all my life. I love it especially the way he presents it. Dont change anything!

  • @the_apesociety
    @the_apesociety7 жыл бұрын

    heyyy, I love your channel. keep up the great work

  • @daddy7860
    @daddy7860 Жыл бұрын

    The geometric Lorentz transformation looks a bit like a 4-dimensional rotation. I wonder if there's any relationship between relativity and extra dimensions

  • @WrinkleRelease
    @WrinkleRelease2 жыл бұрын

    That was a terrific description. It must take a lot to write these scripts, to give this information so concisely.

  • @0alalune0
    @0alalune06 ай бұрын

    This is such a great explanation. I didn't understand how light cones in different frames of reference worked but this is making things click!

  • @YourFavoriteAerospaceProf
    @YourFavoriteAerospaceProf7 жыл бұрын

    The graphics and animations on this channel are amazing!! And they really help A LOT especially for non-straightforward concepts

  • @vhsjpdfg
    @vhsjpdfg7 жыл бұрын

    This is incredible. (Some of us laypeople can understand you.) So local spacetime diagrams can be lifted up into a hyperbolic shape, and these Lorentz transformations describe the way they are smoothly connected across different reference frames, and the hyperbolic shape itself (whose contours are the hyperbolae) is precisely the graph of the unique definition of a space-time interval invariant across all reference frames. And in the course of explaining this, you actually explained how different observers can view events occurring in a different order. I assume that the new-space axis is at that congruent angle to preserve the horizontal (speed of light) as horizontal in the new reference frame after the coordinate transformation. And then I can see that if one does those axis-arrangements for faster-than-light travel, the new-space axis would be above the new-time axis and the light-cones become reversed, which corresponds to viewing events in reverse order! In this sort of way, it seems time dilation can be derived strictly from the Lorentz transformation (in this case, negative time dilation for FTL travel). This channel is inimitable.

  • @rogerdoger1889

    @rogerdoger1889

    5 жыл бұрын

    Yes, the spacetime interval equation is a hyperbola equation as x^2-y^2= constant where the constant is the spacetime interval. Thus each hyperbola represents a different spacetime interval but all points on the hyperbola represent the same spacetime interval.

  • @user-hu5he8je2d

    @user-hu5he8je2d

    5 жыл бұрын

    So events happen but in a different order

  • @cgsrtkzsytriul
    @cgsrtkzsytriul7 жыл бұрын

    This is a great description of space-time. Thanks!

  • @christinakottmann
    @christinakottmann3 жыл бұрын

    The graphics in this video are top-notch. Thank you for being so clear and helpful!

  • @chrisgallon2305
    @chrisgallon23057 жыл бұрын

    As a Physics, Math and Astronomy Major, I approve of the way you rode the space ship, well done sir.

  • @detailed8962
    @detailed89627 жыл бұрын

    i don't get it but i enjoy people talking about smart stuff

  • @idea1407
    @idea14075 жыл бұрын

    Great video. I'm so glad there's a pause button. It really comes in handy in this very complex videos.

  • @ayadimishra
    @ayadimishra6 жыл бұрын

    Brian’s SR course really helped understand this one. Great video as always Matt!