The climate tipping points that could change the Earth forever

How close are we to a climate tipping point? In 2019 an international team of scientists published a commentary in the celebrated science journal Nature, sounding the alarm of a planet in crisis - and calling for transformative change.
“We are in a state of planetary emergency,” they wrote, departing from the usual sterility of scientific writing. “The stability and resilience of our planet is in peril.”
Yes, they were writing about climate change, but of a particular kind: climate tipping points, elements of the Earth system in which small changes in global temperature can kick off reinforcing loops that ‘tip’ a system into a profoundly different state, accelerating heat waves, permafrost thaw, and coastal flooding - and, in some cases, fueling more warming. The planet has already warmed by roughly 1.2 degrees Celsius (2.2 degrees Fahrenheit) since the Industrial Revolution, and if humans keep flooding the atmosphere with greenhouse gases at the same rate, we’re on track to increase that to 2.7 to 3.1 degrees C (4.9 to 5.6 degrees F) by the end of the century.
Learn more about tipping points:
grist.org/climate-tipping-poi...
#climatechange #tippingpoints

Пікірлер: 122

  • @ferrreira
    @ferrreira3 жыл бұрын

    To the climate "skeptics" who claim "it's all natural cycles": the point is not that the Earth would never recover, because it will. The point is whether we humans will be able to adapt and survive.

  • @suburbanwoman6280

    @suburbanwoman6280

    2 жыл бұрын

    What about the Other species? It’s that thinking in itself which is why we will never survive this. We’ve abandoned our role as Steward. It’s not about us, we must mitigate for whatever can survive 5C by 2100.

  • @rodhoek1046

    @rodhoek1046

    2 жыл бұрын

    We will. The question is how many will adapt

  • @somerandomguy7458

    @somerandomguy7458

    2 жыл бұрын

    we can easily adapt

  • @djpaceeuro

    @djpaceeuro

    Жыл бұрын

    @@rodhoek1046 We won’t. You won’t.

  • @Magik1369

    @Magik1369

    Жыл бұрын

    Abrupt exponential climate change does not care if you believe in it or not or if you are skeptical or stupid. It will kill you anyway and that day is quickly approaching as abrupt climate change unravels with much more rapidity and severity than scientists predicted.

  • @ryanj748
    @ryanj7482 жыл бұрын

    For how much longer are we going to say, "But if we cut emissions," without cutting emissions?

  • @MyKharli

    @MyKharli

    Жыл бұрын

    Its obvious i was taught wrong ,` cutting emissions ` is in fact weird politician slang for doing the opposite with a straight face .

  • @MaxwellGouldEsq
    @MaxwellGouldEsq3 жыл бұрын

    Judging by the high percentage of climate-change deniers slash skeptics (if I'm being extremely generous) in the comments on this and many other videos that try to clarify why we should be concerned, what we need is some videos that highlight why 'an abundance of caution' is no bad thing. Given that there are many significant and indisputable other benefits to adopting the societal changes that might mitigate for climate crisis (biodiversity, human health and happiness, etc), maybe we need more videos that illustrate why acting-AS-IF-man-influenced-climate-change-was-real-even-if-you-think-it's-not would be wise. Same reason I wear a seatbelt while driving, or rip-stop trousers while chain-sawing - it might never happen, but I'd rather be careful just in case.

  • @donaldkeene854

    @donaldkeene854

    2 жыл бұрын

    yup, when the price of fuel goes through the ceiling .. I rather be careful ( car fool)

  • @user-qr7ee2cp4y

    @user-qr7ee2cp4y

    2 жыл бұрын

    They're all paid by big oil and coal. Their job depends on it.

  • @jasonstevenson110

    @jasonstevenson110

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@user-qr7ee2cp4y Nonsense. Blackrock and Vanguard virtually own global markets and are pushing net zero. Big coal and oil are slaves to them. The issue isn't science which I accept but what we can do about it. Wind and solar energy can't stop this and it should not require explaining why. Batteries can't store enough power for long enough so lithium isn't the solution for nightfall when the wind doesn't blow either. Rapid expansion of nuclear energy could. But nobody wants to talk about this? I've read all the arguments against nuclear and they are all easily debunked - including waste. If you are concerned about climate change but don't wish to consider nuclear then you are not serious about solving the problem.

  • @jasonstevenson110

    @jasonstevenson110

    2 жыл бұрын

    There are climate-change deniers slash skeptics then there are energy deniers.

  • @scorpionblade4112
    @scorpionblade41123 жыл бұрын

    If the world were to go carbon negative could the effects be reversed?

  • @ferrreira

    @ferrreira

    3 жыл бұрын

    Simple answer: yes. Unfortunately carbon capture technology is still to be refined to the point that it can be used in scale.

  • @roblloyd1879

    @roblloyd1879

    Жыл бұрын

    CO2 is essential to all life, without it we die.

  • @geegee952
    @geegee9523 жыл бұрын

    I don't even know why I am still watching videos like these. Don't get me wrong, they are amazing and super informative. But look at the views. A merely 4,402 at the time that I am writing this comment. I'm not the kind of person that needs to see this, the kind of persons that need to see this are the people in power that control and govern the polices that can lead to adequate change, but I am also quite certain that they're aware of it. But why are they not doing anything? Is it really the money, power that they're afraid of losing? If yes, what do we do?

  • @MyKharli
    @MyKharli3 жыл бұрын

    I wonder if soil degradation and depletion and species extinction are other tipping points.

  • @a.randomjack6661

    @a.randomjack6661

    2 жыл бұрын

    Yep

  • @mycomment3509

    @mycomment3509

    Жыл бұрын

    They are. There is for example a little bacteria in the ocean that's responsible for 40 percent of our oxygen production. If they die, everybody does.

  • @MyKharli

    @MyKharli

    Жыл бұрын

    @@mycomment3509 ty

  • @Magik1369

    @Magik1369

    Жыл бұрын

    It's a good question and the answer is yes. Agriculture accounts for 30% of emissions and current agriculture practices deplete the soil, which together with drought, water shortages, and severe weather, is destroying human habitat. Human habitat includes our ability to grow, store, and transport food. As soil degrades, human habitat disappears and so do humans. In prior mass extinctions, it is always the loss of habitat that brings a species to extinction. We are no different. Time is now running short for humans on Earth. 3-4 years tops.

  • @MyKharli

    @MyKharli

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Magik1369 We are like a species that doesn`t know its dead , sad really as its only a few that control politicians and the media to misinform us for short term gains . Even sadder that we know all this .

  • @roberthicks1612
    @roberthicks16122 жыл бұрын

    Can anyone point to any time in history where a tipping point actually occurred. I can only name 3. One was when a super volcano erupted and caused the ice to expand past the thermal runaway point (visualize the northern Texas state line extending around the world) causing a global snow ball. The second was when enough volcanos erupted that the co2 in the atmosphere exceeded 2% and global warming ended the snowball. The third was when a huge ice dam (the lake covered half of Canada and part of the US) broke and dump more ice cold water in the northern Atlantic in a day than the Mississippi dumps in the gulf in a day for several weeks. This one caused a multiple degree drop in temperature in a matter of decades, and then a recovery slightly longer. The ice age we are in was caused by tectonic plate movement. Co2 could not prevent it from happening when it was 3 times its current level, and it can not cause it to end.

  • @karlwheatley1244

    @karlwheatley1244

    2 жыл бұрын

    "The ice age we are in was caused by tectonic plate movement. Co2 could not prevent it from happening when it was 3 times its current level, and it can not cause it to end." There won't be ANY ice ages with CO2 levels this high.

  • @roberthicks1612

    @roberthicks1612

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@karlwheatley1244 There is no evidence that is possible. There is no evidence that co2 can end the ice age.

  • @karlwheatley1244

    @karlwheatley1244

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@roberthicks1612 "There is no evidence that is possible. There is no evidence that co2 can end the ice age." CO2 concentrations determine whether or not ice ages can occur: "When atmospheric carbon dioxide is above about 300 parts per million, the infrared warming effect is so strong it drowns out the more subtle Milankovitch cycles and there are no ice ages. Coming out of the Pliocene period just under three million years ago, carbon dioxide levels dropped low enough for the ice age cycles to commence. Now, carbon dioxide levels are over 400 parts per million and are likely to stay there for thousands of years, so the next ice age is postponed for a very long time. We will be living in a warmed and changed climate for many generations to come." theconversation.com/climate-explained-why-we-wont-be-heading-into-an-ice-age-any-time-soon-123675

  • @Magik1369

    @Magik1369

    Жыл бұрын

    You are wrong and abrupt exponential climate change from anthropogenic C02 emissions does not care what cockamamie pseudo science you believe in. A volcano does not cause heating. It causes cooling. A volcano spews sulfur into the atmosphere, which is a reflective particulate that cools the atmosphere. Emissions from factories and power plants include sulfur particulates. These are causing what is known as the aerosol masking effect. If all the factories and power plants were suddenly shut down, climate change would accelerate by a factor of 3 because the Earth would lose the cooling effect of the aerosols. Climate change does care what you believe. It will take all Life as we know it anyway...including yours and mine...within 3-4 years. Mark my words.

  • @roberthicks1612

    @roberthicks1612

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Magik1369 I do not care what word you have. I care about the words of scientist. They say that the data does not support co2 being the control knob of climate change. In addition, there is no sign that there has ever been a tipping point of co2 causing a global warming event below 2% of the atmosphere. Our current level is .04%. IF you look at history, there is zero correlation between co2 and temperature. The only way that co2 could cause the disaster that you claim is that until 1950, nature control climate and suddenly without any scientific breakthrough we suddenly got god like powers.

  • @simon7762
    @simon77623 жыл бұрын

    I really like your video style!

  • @MarcAntoineDunais1
    @MarcAntoineDunais1 Жыл бұрын

    Brilliant video, well done Grist

  • @julianajanot4280
    @julianajanot42802 ай бұрын

    Very good video!!!

  • @n2bfw884
    @n2bfw8843 жыл бұрын

    This is a great video, thank you.

  • @Jeremy-WC
    @Jeremy-WC Жыл бұрын

    The question is have we already triggered tipping points? 2C which is not avoidable will cause a chain reaction to tip everything listed here before 2100. There are 2 geoengineering ideas to stop the arctic melting which are cost and energy effective that could buy a little more time. Once the arctic melts we lose the planets air conditioning. My heat pump is keeping it 10C+ cooler in this 35C+ summer in my home.

  • @Magik1369

    @Magik1369

    Жыл бұрын

    First...forget the bogus dates 2100 and 2050. You were lied to and deceived by the media and the politicians, who watered down and distorted the science so they could keep getting rich from oil and gas. We are in actuality already beyond 2 deg C. This is because the IPCC moved the goal posts of the "baseline". They were at first calculating average global temps from 1750, when humans first started burning coal. Then they change it to 1850's and now..they calculate warming from the early 1900's. This means that the 1.4 deg C number they keep throwing around is bogus and is really more like 2 deg C or 2,2 deg C. Here in New England, we are warming faster than they rest of the globe and have already passed 2 deg C. The scientist's predictive models were all wrong. They did not account for multiple tipping points, which have already been breached. Climate change is now abrupt, exponential, and irreversible and will kill all Life on Earth within 3-4 years. This is a time to get your affairs in order and to stay close to your loved ones. Time is running short for homo sapiens on Earth.

  • @roberthicks1612

    @roberthicks1612

    Жыл бұрын

    2c above preindustrial levels was never avoidable because it is where the Milankovitch cycles says we should be at maximum. Alarmist claim that we are hotter than we should be, but they do not have anything that says what the temperature should be.

  • @chris-non-voter
    @chris-non-voter Жыл бұрын

    It will be like like living on another planet, it will save all that travelling across space though. I'll be OK because I live 700 feet above sea level.

  • @EmeraldView
    @EmeraldView Жыл бұрын

    Can't wait

  • @edwinmarshall5975
    @edwinmarshall5975 Жыл бұрын

    I think the right question to ask is why all the water went to the north and south pole something happened and caused global catastrophe at some point probably about 12,000 years ago is my opinion

  • @roberthicks1612

    @roberthicks1612

    Жыл бұрын

    No, the reason the ice went to the north and south pole is due to tectonic plate movement. When the Antarctic plate moved south, it cut off the ocean currents that would transfer heat to the south pole. This caused the continent to freeze. Then the Indian plate crashed into the Eurasian plate, creating the Himalayan mountains. The combination caused the ice age we are currently in. There is something called the Milankovitch cycles which causes the plant to warm up and cool off in 100k years cycles. 12000 years ago, the Holocene began. That is when the latest interglacial period started. That is when the ice retreated.

  • @Sivah_Akash
    @Sivah_Akash3 жыл бұрын

    2:45, we still have not figured out exactly where this tipping points occur, right? It could even be in next 0.1 degree?

  • @Grist

    @Grist

    3 жыл бұрын

    Good question! You’re right, we’re not exactly sure when these tipping points would occur. For West Antarctica or Greenland, we’re starting to get into risky territory. But that risk increases with each degree we warm the planet.

  • @a.randomjack6661

    @a.randomjack6661

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@Grist Look up "How close are we to the temperature tipping point of the terrestrial biosphere?" It's a scientific research title, but "photosynthesis decline" will bring up more similar papers. Thanks for your work, and keep fighting.

  • @fredricharllee2018
    @fredricharllee2018 Жыл бұрын

    The permafrost is melting releasing carbon. It's a rap...

  • @roberthicks1612

    @roberthicks1612

    Жыл бұрын

    It also melted in the last 10 interglacial periods, so why is it so dangerous?

  • @ronsmith1364
    @ronsmith13643 жыл бұрын

    550ppm? CO2

  • @mtLarN

    @mtLarN

    3 жыл бұрын

    CO2eq

  • @bikelanez7376
    @bikelanez73763 жыл бұрын

    Stop sending your food scraps to landfills instead Collect your food scraps and compost them, switch your car for a bicycle, eat less meat. At the end of every day you make a choice.

  • @jasonstevenson110

    @jasonstevenson110

    2 жыл бұрын

    Eat less meat? This is a great example why the problem won't be solved. You need to get real, when you ask that omnivores become vegetarian you lose credibility. Find another way. Likewise switch our cars for a bicycle, you are not serious either, how do we get to work, how do we bring shopping home, how do we visit families and friends who don't live close to public transport etc tec.

  • @chrisslater4053
    @chrisslater40532 жыл бұрын

    As of 2022, the prediction is within 3-5 years Thwaites Glacier in West Antarctica will pass a tipping point, releasing huge amounts of ice into the ocean. So we may not have a thousand years until Greenland fully melts -- we may get a lot of sea level rise much sooner.

  • @Magik1369

    @Magik1369

    Жыл бұрын

    9/8/22- China, the USA, and Europe are now under severe drought and fresh water supplies are quickly disappearing all around the world. Crops are being destroyed. Today, it was reported that 5-6 tipping points have already been breached. All one has to do is read the news reports and look out one's window and one can see that something is horribly wrong. Climate change is now abrupt, exponential, and irreversible. The thing they won't tell you or the public is that we are now in deep trouble and all life on Earth is now in near term jeopardy. We are lucky if a single human being is still standing on Earth in 3-4 years. Yes...it really is that bad and I say it out of compassion and empathy. Look at the aggregate of the peer reviewed scientific data and draw your own conclusions. Time is running short for homo sapiens on Earth.

  • @Leon-bc7yw
    @Leon-bc7yw Жыл бұрын

    Thank you, we are told about this in ISLAM more then 1400 years ago.

  • @taisialis5494
    @taisialis54942 жыл бұрын

    thank you so much! amazing video

  • @1greenthumbgardeningtwba
    @1greenthumbgardeningtwba2 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the great video.

  • @alexstuart1849
    @alexstuart18492 жыл бұрын

    Grasslands are actually better for the permafrost as long as you have a big mammal population. Check out pleistocene park to see what I'm talking about.

  • @GeorgeKafantaris
    @GeorgeKafantaris Жыл бұрын

    Beggars can't be choosers. And when it comes to carbon free energy we’re clearly beggars. So voice your objections to nuclear energy elsewhere -- we’ve got work to do here -- and running out of time.

  • @shokouchida9479
    @shokouchida94793 жыл бұрын

    I really understand why I need to listen to Greta and other young activists.

  • @jasonstevenson110

    @jasonstevenson110

    2 жыл бұрын

    I assume you are joking. Greta's wild claims to the UN are a very remote probability according to the IPCC. Greta claims today's school kids would be dead by 2030 due to climate change. Just complete nonsense. But because Greta has a disability nobody dare question her. I feel sorry for the girl who was exploited.

  • @SeanFlaherty
    @SeanFlaherty3 жыл бұрын

    Was it a "climate tipping point" back when there was a mile of ice over what is now Chicago, less than 10,000 years ago?

  • @scorpionblade4112

    @scorpionblade4112

    3 жыл бұрын

    What you are talking about are mcadder cycles, a common talking point of climate deniers. The earth does go through natural cycles of cooling and warming. The only problem is that according to those same cycles we should be cooling when we are instead warming. Every thermometer on earth for the past 200 years is showing ever-increasing temperatures. Unless every farmer's almanac, hobbyist, scientist, and everyone else with a thermometer is in on it There is global warming.

  • @SeanFlaherty

    @SeanFlaherty

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@scorpionblade4112 Yes we are recovering from the "Little Ice Age": en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Ice_Age

  • @dk50b

    @dk50b

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@SeanFlaherty Sorry but with 800,000 years of temperature and atmospheric data from the Greenland and Antarctic ice cores, the last 40 years saw temperatures rise 10 times faster than any previous ice age recovery, much faster than any prior time on record, with the 7 hottest since 2014. No scientifically valid explanation exists for this aberration other than spewing CO2 at 250 times greater than any prior. time.climate.nasa.gov/evidence/

  • @karlwheatley1244

    @karlwheatley1244

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@SeanFlaherty The Little Ice Age was not a globally-synchronous event, meaning the whole planet didn;t get colder. Current man-made global warming is a globally-synchronous event caused by us.

  • @monfry2675
    @monfry26752 жыл бұрын

    IPCC reported that we can't prevent this from happening no matter what we do .. we are too late

  • @roblloyd1879

    @roblloyd1879

    Жыл бұрын

    IPCC, otherwise known as the cuckoo farm.

  • @hollybeverlywoodhill7333
    @hollybeverlywoodhill73333 жыл бұрын

    THE MELTED ICE EVAPERATES COMPLETELY BY SOLAR RADIATION UV NO SEA LEVEL RIZE

  • @don-cw1yz

    @don-cw1yz

    2 жыл бұрын

    That evaporation became rain, that is the way it works. So that ice/water had to go somewhere.

  • @billkallas1762
    @billkallas17622 жыл бұрын

    The tipping point was 40 years ago.

  • @hollybeverlywoodhill7333
    @hollybeverlywoodhill73333 жыл бұрын

    ALL POLUTION MUST STOP NOW NOT 2050 THATS TOO LATE

  • @hollybeverlywoodhill7333
    @hollybeverlywoodhill73333 жыл бұрын

    TOO LATE THE EARTH SYSTEM IS DAMAGED LEVEL 8/

  • @Danioton
    @Danioton3 жыл бұрын

    The antidote to this nonsense is to watch Tony Heller on climate debunking this kind of oversimplification.

  • @scorpionblade4112

    @scorpionblade4112

    3 жыл бұрын

    Tony Heller is a puppet for big oil. He literally works for chevron and is also paid by bp.

  • @roblloyd1879

    @roblloyd1879

    Жыл бұрын

    @@scorpionblade4112 Very sad person. Reality must hurt you very much.

  • @gavinwigg8057
    @gavinwigg80573 жыл бұрын

    Tipping points? What happened to the global cooling tipping point? Ozone layer depletion tipping point? Global warming? Climate crisis? Climate catastrophe? Follow the money (and political power) and stop with this ridiculous emissions theory. Nice quality animation however.

  • @scorpionblade4112

    @scorpionblade4112

    3 жыл бұрын

    The global cooling theory only saw minor scientific discussion in the 1800s. The ozone layer was fixed by eliminating cfc's. And the latter 3 are what this video is about. If you did any research you could have answered these questions in less than a few minutes.

  • @martingillette7613
    @martingillette76132 жыл бұрын

    This is completely ridiculous. There is no way CO2 causes warming. There are two easy to understand reasons why CO2 can't cause the Earth to warm. 1.) Every ice core study on CO2 levels vs temperature show that CO2 levels follow temperature changes. It is an effect not the cause. You people have it exactly opposite. 2.) At the wavelength, where CO2 absorbs radiation, all of the radiation is already being absorbed, mostly by water vapor. You can add many more times the amount of CO2 and it can't absorb what isn't there. We have been hearing this disaster BS from so called climate scientists for over a 100 years. It's always doom in 5, 10 or 20 years or maybe a week from Tuesday. Exactly none of these predictions have ever come true. At some point you need to question the methods and, more importantly, the motives of these people. This is the biggest scientific fraud in history. Stop scaring people and making everything we do more expensive.

  • @tetepaz4005

    @tetepaz4005

    2 жыл бұрын

    Loco no es comentar por convivir, were already expierincing these "lies" the scientists warned us about. There are DEAD birds falling from skies due to extreme heat. Several countries are suffering extreme drought. Here on Mexico, on Nuevo León, Monterrey the govermentlimited water usage from.4am to 10am because they no longer have enough water for the citizens. And several states are also suffering from drought. Were making historical heat records all around the globe, extreme floodings happening. If you were even a tiny bit smart you would recognize that global warming is paying its bill rn. And yes, there are pollutants that absorb radiation from the air, but co2 is not one of them, and in large term stopping co2 and other greenhouse gases will stop the increase on the global temperature. If we stop them all we will expierence yes, a rapid increas ein temperature but it will eventually stabilize in a degree we can manage, instead, if we dont stop them now global warning will continue to rise until theres no more livable planet for use.

  • @martingillette7613

    @martingillette7613

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@tetepaz4005 You're talking nonsense. CO2 does not cause warming but that is what they want to get rid of and control. If something else is causing warming go after that. They don't do that they go after CO2. This is why you know this is BS. The most important green house gas is water vapor, CO2 is insignificant. But they can't regulate CO2 and there will never be any water vapor credits for some to get rich off of. This "tipping point" stuff" is the latest explanation but it is crazy. If CO2 caused warming than as CO2 rose you would get more warming, more CO2 would be released from the oceans and you would get more warming. The temperature would never come back down. But we don't see that, the temperature comes back down. And again CO2 levels follow temperature so it can't be the cause. Something else causes temperature changes on Earth. There are scientist who have a pretty good idea of what that is and it fits very nicely with everything we see. The nonsense of global climate change has been being spread for over a hundred years and we have had many predictions of doom. None have ever come true. Hell, they were saying, when CO2s was under 300 ppm, that if we don't change and CO2 got over 400 ppm we would be doomed by 2020. Is far as I know we past that point and yet another prediction is false. Climate Science, as it is now, is fraud and you become part of it when you parrot it. You would serve everyone better if you did a bit of digging for the other point of view and the science that backs it up. Then report that.

  • @karlwheatley1244

    @karlwheatley1244

    2 жыл бұрын

    Martin, I debunked these false claims on two different videos. You are pasting the exact same text on multiple videos and everything you wrote here is either dead wrong or deeply misleading. It has been PROVEN that our emissions caused almost all net global warming since 1850.

  • @martingillette7613

    @martingillette7613

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@karlwheatley1244 You haven't debunked anything. You believe in models and modified data over actual data. With models and fake data you can make anything look like you want it to and that’s what climate scientists have done. SO not only do you people own all the answers you own all the questions. It’s difficult to debate with someone who believes in models over actual data. What’s happening is so obvious. Climate scientists have come up with a model for global warming. They have modified the data to match their model and you know it. There are emails by these people saying so. Then, when people point out how the model doesn’t work they modify the data again or invent mechanisms that don’t occur. Again, there is no way to argue with these people. We don’t know exactly how warming and cooling on the Earth occurs. We certainly don’t know all the factors involved. If the models don’t have all the factors and how they interact accounted for, the model isn’t worth anything. In fact it’s dangerous when policy is based on them and that is what we are seeing. President Eisenhower warned us about this.

  • @karlwheatley1244

    @karlwheatley1244

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@martingillette7613 "You believe in models and modified data over actual data." Martin, you have to REALLY not understand science to not realize that to construct a trustworthy long-term CLIMATE record, you HAVE TO have apples to apples data. That requires calculated adjustments to temps taken at different times of day, using instruments with known biases, etc. This is Science 101, and it is done in every scientific field. Given that, the best climate data on Earth shows significant and rapid warming. "We don’t know exactly how warming and cooling on the Earth occurs." Of course scientists know all the major factors that affect average GLOBAL temps, and that is why they have been able to accurately predict how much our emissions would warm the planet for over 40 years. Predicting local WEATHER a month from now is VASTLY more complicated than predicting average global warming. "If the models don’t have all the factors and how they interact accounted for, the model isn’t worth anything." But the models have been working for 30-40+ years, meaning they have figured out how to predict global warming and know what is affecting it. "President Eisenhower warned us about this." Uhh, Ike warned us about the rise of the military industrial complex, not about trusting science that has repeatedly proven to be spot on. Those are two totally different things. "What’s happening is so obvious. Climate scientists have come up with a model for global warming. They have modified the data to match their model and you know it." NO, that is not what has happened, and the models accurately predicted the global warming our emissions would cause regardless of whether you use the raw weather data or better and adjusted climate record. There is only .1 degree C difference between the amount of warming for the two records, so I have no idea why you are making a big deal about it--we have man made global warming either way. "There are emails by these people saying so." There have been NUMEROUS investigations into this and they show NO sign of wrong-doing by anyone. If anything, the investigations provided further proof the scientists are doing the right thing. "Again, there is no way to argue with these people" Martin, with all due respect, the things you report as "facts" are frequently wrong--you got them from Tony Heller or someone, but they aren't true. Take care.