Ten Minute English and British History #10 - The Angevin Empire and Richard the Lionheart
Twitter: / tenminhistory
Patreon: www.patreon.com/user?u=4973164
This episode covers the rise of the House of Anjou/Plantagenet and the birth of what some historians call the Angevin Empire. The episode covers the reigns of two kings, Henry II and Richard I, better known as Richard the Lionheart. It mostly focuses on their relations with France but also goes into detail about the conquest of Ireland and Richard's role in the Third Crusade.
Book recommendations:
Medieval Britain: A Very Shory Introduction - This is one of the best books for an overview of the politics of the period. It is very light on certain periods and misses out some continental context, though. Very cheap, though.
Amazon affiliate link (UK): amzn.to/2pfvF35
The Plantagenet Empire, 1154-1224 - The best intro/summary that isn't in French. Very good with describing the relationship between Henry II and his sons (specifically Richard and John).
Ten Minute English and British History is a series of short, ten minute animated narrative documentaries that are designed as revision refreshers or simple introductions to a topic. Please note that these are not meant to be comprehensive and there's a lot of stuff I couldn't fit into the episodes that I would have liked to. Thank you for watching, though, it's always appreciated.
Disclaimer:
Amazon Associates Program: “Ten Minute History is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising programme designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.co.uk.
Пікірлер: 855
Henry the Young King is a really interesting and tragic character. He was said to be the greatest tourneyer Europe had ever seen, and his death was marked by many as the end of the great age of tournaments. As for his death, it happened during another rebellion, and his deathbed entreaty to see his father one last time was perceived by the elder Henry as a trick. Henry the Young King died clutching a ring his father sent as a token of forgiveness, and when Henry II heard his son had died, he cried "He hath cost me so much, but O! How I wish he had lived to cost me more!"
@catthomas3097
3 жыл бұрын
Aw sad
@ahmedmuawia2447
3 жыл бұрын
Pain.
@connorgolden4
2 жыл бұрын
But didn’t tourneys go on for several more centuries? IIRC Henry VIII was a big jouster.
@matthiasnagorski8411
2 жыл бұрын
@@connorgolden4 Henry VIII was big at everything he did. The man ate enough to feed a village.
@silk6759
2 жыл бұрын
This is super interesting, thank you.
"Hmm... how am I suppose to get my father to like me?" "You could rebel again." "Great idea!"
@090giver090
6 жыл бұрын
Said almost every crown prince of the era.
@kylemohs8728
4 жыл бұрын
@@090giver090 Said almost every teenager to this day.
@scottcantdance804
Жыл бұрын
I get teenage rebellion, but I don't understand them wanting to seize power from their fathers. Like, your father is the King, you are fantastically wealthy compared to everyone else, you have lands and power already, virtually no responsibility compared to what you will have in the future, why are you in such a hurry? When I was a teenager I wanted to rebel against my parents, but I didn't want to seize control of the home and finances and responsibility. I was glad not to have that responsibility yet.
Some say that even to this day John is still 8.
@Marcus1Arelius3
6 жыл бұрын
PokemonTom09 my John is.
@arawn1061
5 жыл бұрын
@@Marcus1Arelius3 what about now
@owlsflyingaway
5 жыл бұрын
Japanio624 hows John doing
@benchmarking6875
4 жыл бұрын
@@Marcus1Arelius3 John?
@tancreddehauteville9983
4 жыл бұрын
BLOODY JOHN!?
It's funny how Richard the Lionheart is popularly considered a great English King when he spent about 6 months of his 10 year reign actually in England.
@mankytoes
6 жыл бұрын
I'm pretty sure he was openly disparaging of us as well, and he wasted shitloads of money on his crusades. He was a pretty terrible king really, but I don't think we ever really had a great king, not post 1066 at least.
@charlotte-mg9wj
6 жыл бұрын
and didn't speak English.
@mankytoes
6 жыл бұрын
Even though it failed, the "bring the heir in as junior king" thing is a solid idea as well imo. A better king than a father- out of four grown up sons, three rebelled, and the other is seen as the worst king ever.
@danbaldwick4853
6 жыл бұрын
Most kings of the dark ages were bastards and pigs including Richard the first. Also, He was F**king French! XP
@normannormiemates4844
6 жыл бұрын
Nub93 That was George VI. George III was a madman, probably with syphilis, who lost the American colonies. Not a great king.
"There could only be one real emperor and that was the Holy Roman Emperor". [Byzantine raging intensifies]
@geefromvee7141
5 жыл бұрын
Byzantine empire: am I a joke to you
@neemapaxima6116
5 жыл бұрын
There could only be one "Latin" emperor
@TomKellyXY
4 жыл бұрын
The contrasts starkly with the Japanese who, upon finding out that Emperor of China was known as such in English, declared it to be the English translation of their title as well because, of course, they saw themselves as equals (although this wasn’t reciprocated by the Chinese).
@user-et8vm9cc3t
4 жыл бұрын
@@geefromvee7141 Nah, just a bunch of schismatics...
@tnuhhaon2367
4 жыл бұрын
@@TomKellyXY I mean, around that time, everyone was decalring themselves empires.
"And John was still busy being 8" I couldn't help but burst out laughing at that. Subbed.
Damn, I never realised just how huge the Angevin Empire was.
@hansgruber788
6 жыл бұрын
just a taster before the real one lol
@robertjarman3703
6 жыл бұрын
And how nor English it was.
@aegonii8471
6 жыл бұрын
Robert Jarman not*
@DISTurbedwaffle918
3 жыл бұрын
It was the closest anyone would get to reestablishing the Western Roman borders up until Napoleon Bonaparte.
@jimsirlantzis6507
3 жыл бұрын
@@DISTurbedwaffle918 Justinian, Charlemagne 👀
5:02 Richard was actually the 3 third legitimate son of Henry (4th if you count his actual eldest son, Geoffrey). His eldest legitimate son, William died of a seizure when he was 3
@slyasleep
3 жыл бұрын
sad.
@Cnut_the_grape
3 жыл бұрын
Dang that's heartbreaking
@marcus-vu8gj
3 жыл бұрын
Lmao
This has probably been my favourite episode yet. Perhaps it's just the nature of the topic, but earlier episodes could get a little bogged down in a rapid succession of names. Since this episode focused around one man it made it a little easier to digest, thanks for making these this is a great channel :)
@HistoryMatters
6 жыл бұрын
Most episodes are like this from now, only covering one or two reigns. There are some exceptions (Wars of the Roses) but the pacing is generally slower from now on.
@michaelmilburn911
6 жыл бұрын
Is that because more is known about the more recent history so it gets covered in more detail? This makes me think, when we get to the 20th century what's the pace going to be like then? Haha
@HistoryMatters
6 жыл бұрын
The twentieth century contains 15 episodes, if you're wondering. The thirteenth century contains 4.
@michaelmilburn911
6 жыл бұрын
Ten Minute History Wow it's amazing that you've got it all planned out in advance and that they'll all be exactly 10 minutes
@j.c.mgomez2515
6 жыл бұрын
Hey Man! did you hear about the new project that Indy, Lyndy, and visual history are doing in the new Timeghost channel? you should check it out and maybe join them, and this you would be a perfect addition to their team, plus having an actual Italian linguist history buff in a WW2 KZread super project would be fantastic! cheers mate..
Apparently Richard requested that the archer who shot him be brought before him, as Richard was dying from the gangrenous wound. The archer had been imprisoned - but Richard pardoned him and gave him money. (The archer ended up being flayed alive after Richard's death, but it's still a cool story.)
@Chadius_Thundercock
11 ай бұрын
Richards still a shit king
John : Is playing with toys, since he is 8 His Brothers: *plotting to kill their father and getting all the lands for themselves* Kinda funny
@mrman8541
3 жыл бұрын
Being the Borgias, before the Borgias were born!
@ragael1024
3 жыл бұрын
well, that's because they stopped being 8. they were over 9...THOUSAAAAND!!!
@gubernatorial1723
2 жыл бұрын
You can see why John was Henry's favourite and he spoiled him into the rotten king he became. But John did name his son and successor after his father.
@myles3856
2 жыл бұрын
Ok
Wow I'm surprised the French king didn't name his son Louis just because
@jayit6851
6 жыл бұрын
I'm not even French and I'm half tempted to name my first born Louis.
@Iason29
6 жыл бұрын
+Trenton Pottruff Well call him any royal name you like, at least that is a step up from naming children after a fruit.
@jeremyong4646
4 жыл бұрын
Well, the French king in this period was named Louis VII himself. While his son Philip II wasnt name Louis: Philip's son was named after his grandfather/Philip's father and would become Louis VIII in 1223
@sharpshooter33
3 жыл бұрын
Think of the name of a monarch like a movie sequel. People really didn’t like king John hmmm.... Richard did pretty well let’s make a Richard sequel
@jamiebarba5701
3 жыл бұрын
If you are French King you will name your son Louis.
"He was busy being 8" Good choice of words
It's important to mention that young Henry was co-opted into kingship because otherwise he would have rebelled. Seems like Henry II was a very capable ruler, but had a knack for making people dislike him, including, and maybe especially his own family.
@fandemusique4693
3 жыл бұрын
And as far as i understand with this video, he was a badass, because not only beat many rebels army within his differents territory, but also beat the Scotts, the french and the low countries.
I love the "thump" sound when some dies lmao
@EmpiricalPragmatist
2 жыл бұрын
Then you should watch the video on Henry VIII. He makes and louder, deeper thump when he goes because he was fat. XD
In french we say "empire angevin" and angevin is the adjective of Anger and also means the inhabitants of the city Anger, the main city of the current anjou
@Cjnw
3 жыл бұрын
Anger is a Bavarian city, too
@srr9982
3 жыл бұрын
City of Angers. And the "Angevin" is the Romanized gentile from the Gallic "Andgave" from the local Ethnic population.
@halvarmc671
2 жыл бұрын
The French Dream.
"It ruined his reputation as murdering Arch Bishops is usually frowned upon" Hahaha this is officially my new favourite channel!
This British Lego movie is awesome!🍿
@marceltelang7825
4 жыл бұрын
Lol
If you do some extensive research, Henry's great-great-great-great-great-great-grandfather was Rollo from 'Vikings'
@antonytye3484
5 жыл бұрын
He was also a distant grandson many times over, from Alfred the Great, from Vikings, and saw the Blood of Wessex return to the throne, through, of all places the Kings of Scotland, and was the senior remaining line of the Anglo-Saxon kings.
@PrincessLockette
2 жыл бұрын
How was he related to Alfred?
Henry most likely said "What miserable drones and traitors have I nourished and promoted in my household, who let their lord be treated with such shameful contempt by a low-born clerk!"
Henry II was a literal Frenchman, born in France to French parents, who one day immigrated to England to become king of it.
@georgeellery6252
4 жыл бұрын
Henry II was also related to Malcolm III of Scotland and the house of Wessex.
@rupaulhagrace5884
4 жыл бұрын
The English really relied on the French, especially with dealing with the Danes. It’s a pity that the French weren’t good at dealing with their own wars.
@thehypest6118
4 жыл бұрын
@@georgeellery6252 Wessex lives!
@Itachi951000
4 жыл бұрын
@@rupaulhagrace5884 Seems to me the French have been actually pretty good at handling their own wars though as the majority of anglo-french wars were won not by Englang but by France 😂
@lakedaemon
4 жыл бұрын
really they declared him king and he just said "no i dont want to move... ill make *literally* everything around me england
I think this is legit the best channel on KZread to listen to and learn from at the same time without getting bored. It’s great :D
Your other videos have been awesome, but this was absolutely amazing. The level of detail and clear explanation can't be found anywhere else.
Henry seems like an extraordinarily competent military man. Dude won a lot of wars all launched at the same time.
These are so fantastic. As a Canadian, Montrealer mostly, I can see where we got the names of all our streets, towns, and city’s
I never get tired of these, thanks for putting in the time!
Hi Ten minute history, really enjoying the cartoons, what a way to explain historical events. Thank you for making these videos they make my day. Been enjoying this series glad you have continued with the British History series. It's lovely seeing something develop. Thanks. MultiMontagu.
The "daisy runs" & "because money": My favorite parts of history.
Your videos are amazing. How you get so much detail is such a short film is incredible.. And how do you know so much?? ! Are you a professor of History? Many thanks, Nick
The amount of information you cram into 10 minutes really is impressive!
I love that regardless of the amount of time I have I can find a perfect amount of history to watch on this channel
I love all the subtle jokes you put into these it makes for such an enjoyable viewing experience!
@robertjarman3703
6 жыл бұрын
Payne Sproul Like how murdering bishops is mostly frowned upon.
@anttibjorklund1869
6 жыл бұрын
"mostly".
@mauricedavis2160
2 жыл бұрын
You and me both, isn't history fascinating and brutal!!!🙏👍👻
This helped me a lot with my assignment, four minutes and two pages of notes.
My research paper was on the inevitability of the Norman conquest of Ireland. I was inspired by this video.
Hard to believe that John is 10 now.
@CBass-mn5dy
2 жыл бұрын
They grow up so fast....
love the videos never fail to get a laugh out of me keep up the great work
Man I love your videos. I have no interest in English history but I watched all your videos just because I like them. Thanks for all your efforts.
@crimsoncorsair9250
6 жыл бұрын
Ahmet Arslan English history is reaaally rich
@11METFAN11
5 жыл бұрын
@MicStomper88 who cares where he's from, he's here isn't he?
FINALLY! Thank you for releasing this video after a 3 week hiatus. What happened during those 3 weeks?
@danochy5522
6 жыл бұрын
This: kzread.info/dash/bejne/lZOFqLN8psfaqdo.html
Would also recommend, watch the films:- Beckett The Lion in Winter
Absolutely love your sense of humour
A book I'd recommend is 'The Greatest Knight', which is about William Marshal, a knight who served all of these men and outlived them all.
The good old days when French men ruled their little English colony ;p. Thanks to them, the British Passport includes some French: Dieu et mon droit and honi soit qui mal y pense. Front page. Fancy! I am sure Nigel Farage, with his beautiful French last name, appreciates it :)
@lesdodoclips3915
2 жыл бұрын
England was never a french colony. Learn the definition
@stephenwright8824
2 жыл бұрын
*"Honi soit qui mal y pense" was, I believe, Edward II's vocal response to having a lady at court's garter fly into his lap during a feast. The whole court knew they were having an affair, and Ed dared them to make anything out of it. ("Shame be to he who thinks ill of it," is the translation I read.)*
@murmursmeglos
4 ай бұрын
Britain has always been a diverse kingdom and a prized asset to acquire. I'm not surprised you have to cling onto any association with Britain to make yourself feel important even though this is centuries ago. Also, it also seems to be forgotten that these future kings left your country by choice.
3:27 I believe this to be a historical example of Malicious Compliance.
related film; "The Lion in Winter" related Shakespeare play; various
“He was concerned that Richard *de Claire* was about to *declare* himself king.” I don’t know if that was intentional, but it’s great nonetheless
Impressed at the accuracy of the map detailing the possesions of the Counts of Flanders. Amiens was indeed theirs at that time when they were probably at their most influential.
"Richard de Clare was about to declare.." 😂
Just a side note, the Third Crusade was actually called for at the end of Henry II’s reign, after he’d surrendered to Richard and Philip. Both English and French monarchs vowed to take up the cross and head for the Holy Land, but Henry died before he could begin, leaving Richard as king. Richard was probably the most eager monarch in Europe to take the cross, as he’d been begging his father for years to allow him to do so, but Henry has always refused, but now Richard had no one to tell him no.
Can I just say thank you soooo much you have helped me with my exams thanks so much
This popped up in my feed after watching Disney's Robin Hood on the weekend. One of the only channels on You Tube that actually talks at a normal pace. I usually have to speed people up or they're unbearably slow.
Your map borders are always so detailed, what do you use as your sources?
I really really like how you dont artifically push your video past 10 minutes, even though its a second away.
'One of you is my heir' (it's henry) What a way to be cryptic
You should have at least mentioned Elenor of Aquitaine
@dominict9325
6 жыл бұрын
Did you watch the video? She got a mention.
@GraemeBell9864
6 жыл бұрын
No 'Gone in 60 Seconds' jokes please!
@thomasalvarez6456
6 жыл бұрын
She needs her own video really
@franciscomm7675
5 жыл бұрын
5:30
Just signed up to Patreon to give you the dollar to take you up to your first target :) Good work!
At 3:12 the young boy was “crowned” not “coronated” alongside his father, as the latter is not (yet* in any event) a word. * I suppose the Coronavirus could change this soon.
Out of curiosity, when you say that a certain person "effectively ruled England in Richard's name", which sense do you mean that in? Do you mean that person was, in effect, the ruler of England, or do you mean that person was an effective (i.e. able) ruler of England? Obviously, it could easily be a combination of the two, but depending on which one you had more in mind, it could put a significantly different spin on the effects of Richard's reign.
Brilliant as always
i love this series
Quick note Richard, from my understanding did not random the Scottish king. He was payed 10,000 marks (I think) to have the previous arrangement dissolved (where he had to acknowledge English king as overlord).
Henry never defeated Toulouse, though he got close. He never forced submission and his wars there were ultimately a failure.
It's remarkable that the 3rd Crusade had any success at all with how heavily the odds were stacked against Richard. Sure, he didn't take Jerusalem but that's kind of like Hannibal failing to take Rome. He still won repeatedly with a smaller army that would've been wiped out by 1 loss. I'm not remotely suggesting that the Crusades or Richard as a person should be celebrated but it is a testament to what an excellent general he was.
"No heaven for you." might be my favorite sign ever.
@Cjnw
3 жыл бұрын
Soup nazi meets St Peter!
6:16 The best part of this video is the grin on Eleanor's face when Henry II goes thud. 6:32 Pope: DEUS VULT! Richard: Say no more!
Small detail at 7:00, Richard left from Marseille to go on the Crusade. He did not have to go around the Iberian Peninsula from Aquitaine ^^
Great video!
This videos are quite enjoyable and I'm just 13, the animation keeps me coming. I would love to see a video on Johns reign in England.
It was nice to see this part of English history, as someone who really likes the movie 'Becket'.
@catthomas3097
3 жыл бұрын
You should see the Lion in Winter
man looking at all this glorious british land that once was... brings a tear to my eye
God I needed this so much
Henry II's family reminds me of Morbo's description of his own in an old episode of Futurama: "belligerent and numerous".
It is interesting that you hard mention Eleanor of Aquitaine, Henry II's wife and the mother of Henry, the Young King, Richard I, Geoffrey and John. She is one of the most fascinating women in this period of time. She helped her sons' rebel against Henry. She outlived all of them except for John and was a pivotal person in the reigns.
As a Norman I consider the "Angevin Empire" as the most glorious moment of our history. But while Henry II was a good ruler, who managed to add Aquitaine and Britanny to his lands, Richard was a terrible king who did really little and too late to hold his possessions. If the Angevin Empire had held or even beaten the French history would be extremely different (imagine an English-French state existing for centuries)
@henrypernoix1793
4 жыл бұрын
but this state would be 100% French as the Normands & Plantagenets were French.
@FlorentPlacide
4 жыл бұрын
@@henrypernoix1793 I understand what you're saying, from your point of view, but I think it's more complicated. French royal grip was really loose on its vassals, and some of them, including the Plantagenet, were more powerful than the king even. So, culturally, yes, Plantagenet were French, but so was the English nobility, since the Norman conquest. Anyway, it doesn't matter that much. I'm French, born and livng in Normandy. I just really like its history and I'm glad to live there. Hence the excitement when I see it represented ;-)
@Valencetheshireman927
3 жыл бұрын
@Henry - Due to England being in the state it wouldn’t be 100% French . It would be a blend of Anglo-French cultures
great video thanks
This vid was much improved when I slowed the speed. The guy was speaking so fast, you'd think he was in a rush to got to the toilet immediately after the vid was over :\ That said, the actual content itself was quite educational, so thanks!
you honest to go saved my exam thank you man
I have a strong feeling Henry's favourite son was John as he only one who didn't try to rebel 🤣
@greywolf7577
7 ай бұрын
But he did later rebel against his brothers. He was just too young before.
This episode was quite funny as a french, as our history classes greatly speaks about Phillip Augustus role in the strengthening of the kingdom, so as soon as I heard his name I was like "oh boy the english are gonna get their ass beated "
Are you a good father? Henry: I try...
You have disturbed the dirt Uh what? You have disturbed the dirt. You have disturbed the something over the centuries *GASP* What have you done?! England must never merge with France!” Fired off of memory
@NewtypeCommander
23 күн бұрын
Ah, nice to see another fan of Atlantis: The Lost Empire. Also, Mole's second line was, "You have disturbed the dirt! Dirt collected from around the globe spanning the centuries."
when your smart enough to base your whole channel around 10 minutes so you don't get called out for making it exactly 10 minutes
That's also one of the reason of the HYW. The Plantagenêts wanted to reform their empire destroyed by the capetians.
After you are done with the english history please do the history of Great Moravia
I guess all parent of teenagers have felt Henry's pain at one time
Great video about a French Empire. Even if this became a civil war between the Angevin & the Capetians.
@Valencetheshireman927
4 жыл бұрын
It wasn’t French
@lmnll2742
4 жыл бұрын
@@Valencetheshireman927 The Plantagenet were French. Angevin empire = Angers / Anjou
@Valencetheshireman927
3 жыл бұрын
That’s arguable but I get what you mean . What I meant was that it wasn’t connected to the Kingdom of France in the same way Charlemagne was . And the Plantagenet dynasty ORIGINATED from France but that doesn’t mean every member of it was French . It’s like saying Queen Elizabeth is German just because her family came from Hanover . So I believe while the court was mostly held in France the main piece of the empire was England because their title of highest rank came from ruling England and I don’t think it can be abbreviated to either France or England since both regions had influence over the empire . Evidence from Wikipedia “The adoption of the Angevin Empire label marked a re-evaluation of the times, considering that both English and French influence spread throughout the dominion in the half century during which the union lasted. “ Wikipedia isn’t 100% accurate but this is fair to presume considering the court was largely held in France and the kings who ruled it were of largely English birth .
GR8 animation & art ;)
“The problem with being a medieval king is that your sons often can’t wait for you to die so they can inherit all of your stuff.”
If you could manage to make a video on the American civil war so I can show it to my history teacher(and she might even show it to the whole class) that would be great! ;) (btw I don't have the civil war lesson until near te end of the year, so you have time) I love this channel, and I want it to grow.
@flynn659
6 жыл бұрын
Are you an enemy spy?
@iamtotallynotanenemyspy1200
6 жыл бұрын
Adversary American maybe just cover the major major battles and events.
@DylanDude
6 жыл бұрын
I support this. The Civil War is becoming increasingly relevant again and a video would be very fitting. Starting at Kansas-Nebraska and ending at Reconstruction should be enough.
@huntermoldenhauer1530
6 жыл бұрын
Adversary American .
+history matters, can i combine all of these videos into a single marathon?
4:44 weeeeeeeellllll Historiographically speaking that’s debatable, I prefer to say the title of a single Emperor in Europe truly belonged to the Roman Emperors in Constantinople :P but as far as the Angevins themselves would be concerned your statement is correct and I’m being pedantic :P
I'm here because of Jack Rackam's version of Richard The Lion Heart. Shockingly know as King of England, he personally preferred be Aquittane French than be English.
I'll be 100% honest, playing CK2 helps me understand all the titles and geography that's thrown around
I’ve watched so many history videos 50 years sounds short for 10 minutes
This guys life would make an excellent tv show.
Can you please do a series on Scotland
The french part of Henry were vassals AND of Henry AND of the King of France. Henry himself was also a vassal of the French king
Richard had no heir, so he made John his heir, which was a terrible choice. Elizabeth I: “I’m not repeating that mistake!”
Hmm I got ten minutes before lunch is ready what should I do. 👀 just in the nick time
Who knew the Plantagenets were French?
@veljkosimovic6779
6 жыл бұрын
+Henry V of England Heir of France Wasn't Richard III the last Plantagenet?
@unluckytea3689
5 жыл бұрын
Yes Plantagenet are French just deal with it
@aleksandarvil5718
5 жыл бұрын
@Veljko Simovic *House of York and House of Lancaster were cadet branches of The Plantagenets; Richard II (grandson and heir of Edward III) was last King of England from main line.*
@lecharcutier3637
5 жыл бұрын
@@unluckytea3689 Try going back in time and telling them that. They'd chop off your stupid French head.
@Valencetheshireman927
4 жыл бұрын
Richard the third wouldn’t have
You havn't added this video to the playlist!!