It's also worth mentioning that the USSR helped to co-develop SECAM and used it to broadcast colour television over the vast, varied landscapes of the various SSRs

@VanRijn1963

4 жыл бұрын

SECAM was entirely developed by Henri de France in 1956 (SECAM III "optimalisé" as we said at the time). But USSR developed an improved version, called SECAM IV. The latter uses primary colors "I" and "Q" (those used in PAL) instead of R-Y and B-Y, making the colors more natural, more pleasant than the ones delivered by SECAM III.

@johnr6168

4 жыл бұрын

One of the problems with SECAM is that you can't do vision mixing (which is possible with NTSC & PAL if the colour reference phase is common to all input feeds). Fading is also a problem because the FM colour coding results in the 'colour difference' signal levels remaining the same even though the luminance level changes. PAL was eventually used in studios and converted to SECAM for broadcasting.

@xsc1000

3 жыл бұрын

@@VanRijn1963 PAL never used I, Q signals. They were used in NTSC only. PAL used R-Y and B-Y, same as Secam. Secam IV was used just in tests, never in broadcast. It was hybrid between PAL and Secam. So USSR and France both used Secam IIIb with just minor changes due to differencies in CCIR D/K and CCIR L standards. Henri de France used AM-SC in first Secam versions, optimalised IIIb variant was developed lately.

@berko9608

3 жыл бұрын

The reasons for choosing SECAM for the USSR were trivial: 1. Long microwave lines and radio transmitters had low quality characteristics and only SECAM passed through them with acceptable distortion 2. NTSC and PAL require a precise element base with tight tolerances for TVs. Tolerances up to units of Hertz and hundredths of a microsecond. And the parts in the USSR had “plus / minus log” tolerances (slang). Therefore, the USSR industry could produce TV sets in large quantities only in the SECAM system. 3. However with the appearance in the USSR of home VCRs and cassettes with pirated copies of Western European and American films, a golden era for technicians and radio amateurs started. Everyone, even the laziest, made PAL decoders for sale. The USSR did not participate in the development of SECAM-4. The USSR only put forward its requirements for French developers and tested the equipment on its lines and transmitters.

@3xperiment8

3 жыл бұрын

@@berko9608 Those decoders were also always very sold here in Brazil since our PAL-M system is a total frankenstein. It's virtually identical to US NTSC (in lines, htz and frames) but with Pal colours. Making It unique System but so close to NTSC and distant from Europe. So basically all VCRs, TVs, câmeras here, had to be double compatibilty NTSC/PAL-M. Which made everything also a bit more expensive .... Decoders from European Pal to Pal-M where rare to be seen. Since the 2 systems are alien to each other

The BBC experimented with NTSC colour in the 1950's, but because of the inherent problems with poor colour and hue shifts they decided to wait until a better system came along as they didn't want to tie themselves to a system that had so many known faults. This is why they waited for PAL to be developed which was a far superior system in terms of reliable, stable, faithful colour reception.

SECAM Is the same of PAL but with different colours system. For example, In France and Russia, SECAM region countries, Sony sold PAL PlayStation and games with a SECAM Converter cable.

You explained it very well, thank you

Brazil is mistakenly reffered to as Pal, when PAL-M System is more like a hack of NTSC. It's 60 htz, 29 fps, same Number of lines of US/Japan system. Totally different from Europe. It's much easier to a tv/vcr/camera to be compatible with NTSC standards than any Pal around the world lol

PAL - 25 Frames per second and 50 Felds/second. A Frame is made up of 625 lines i.e. one full picture. A Field is half a picture consisting of 312.5 lines. So 50 fields are scanned on the screen per second Each alternate field consist of either even numbered lines (i.e. 2,4,6,8 ...) or odd numbered lines (i.e. 1,3,5,7, ...). It's referred to as Interlaced Scanning. The total number of lines scanned per second is 15625 or 15.625K

Here in Scotland we use PAL, of I bought a NTSC Panasonic camcorder from the USA, would it work on my modern Samsung Tv, is PAL and NTSC still relivent today.

@SomeHarbourBastard

4 жыл бұрын

Not in HD times. Pretty much all HDTVs support both signals. You just need a region free player.

@creativetap7346

4 жыл бұрын

I agree! :)

@FrancisLitanofficialJAPINOY

Жыл бұрын

@@SomeHarbourBastard Region 3 DVD player has PAL and NTSC settings on menu.

thank you so much@@

@creativetap7346

3 жыл бұрын

No problem! :)

By altering the phase line to line PAL averages out any phase errors to correct for color differences. HOWEVER by averaging the color, the vertical color resolution is only half of what it is in NTSC, RCA developed a similar system in 1951 which they called CPA for Color Phase Alteration. They found that it greatly increased the complexity and cost of the receivers, There were no line storage devices at the time so CPA was equivalent to Simple PAL not Deluxe PAL, There were very few Simple PAL sets made because Telefunken found out the visual phase averaging by human vision was far from perfect leading to the dreaded Hanover Bars. RCA felt it was easier for the viewer to adjust the hue rather than the phase. In addition CPA and PAL were not as compatible with existing black and white TV's. That was a prime directive of the NTSC. Many German TV's in the late 1960's had a "Farbe Filter" to reduce interference caused by the color signal. Improvement in the stability of electronics and the introduction of solid state devices essentially made serious color drifting a thing of the past beginning in the late 1960's. The addition of VIT and VIR circuits allowed TV sets to more accurately lock on to the color signal.

Great Info 👌👌👌

Very informative, thank you!

@creativetap7346

4 жыл бұрын

No problem! :)

@ecan

3 жыл бұрын

actually it's very disinformative... 625 fields... WTF??

thanks !! more videos please

NTSC is actually 29.97 fps but that's too complicated to explain. There is a video about that.

@don1estelle

4 жыл бұрын

29.9fps was to acomidate the Colour Signal befor Colour it was 30fps

@creativetap7346

4 жыл бұрын

@standupmaths has a great video on this!

@gustavoceballos5327

2 жыл бұрын

PAL and SECAM are actually 25 fps

@tedrobinson372

Жыл бұрын

NTSC standard was developed between 1951 and 1953. In 1952 NTSC developed PAL. Because an economic delay line for the decoder has not been invented, the NTSC did not employ the phase,alternation. 29.97Hz was chosen so the the horizontal scan rate of 15,734.26 Hz divides exactly into the sound carrier frequency of 4.5MHz. This was to allow the the chroma to be frequency interleaved and to minimize a sound carrier chroma carrier interference beat. Note the 625 line systems evolved after NTSC color research began and the horizontal scan rate of 15,625Hz divides exactly into the sound carrier. This meant PAL countries did not require the fractional change to the vertical scan rate when color arrived.

@FrancisLitanofficialJAPINOY

Жыл бұрын

Same frrame rate with PAL-M but different color subcarrier

So wich is better to film a video and upload at youtube

great vid thanks man

@creativetap7346

4 жыл бұрын

No problem 👍

@ecan

3 жыл бұрын

nope; it's awful and misleading

SECAM was designed in 1956 by Henri de France.

@creativetap7346

4 жыл бұрын

Excellent!

@martingianelli7552

2 жыл бұрын

Did he use the 819-line standard at first, before France settled for the 625-line one?

@FrancisLitanofficialJAPINOY

Жыл бұрын

@@martingianelli7552 819 line first used in France until 1984, but they used SECAM-L (625 lines, +/- 6.5 MHz sound carrier but AM quality) from 1984 until 2011. SECAM-L TV sets received only scrambled TV systems used FM quality: SECAM-K or SECAM-D/K or PAL-B/G.

@FrancisLitanofficialJAPINOY

Жыл бұрын

@@martingianelli7552 former French colonies in Africa and French overseas territories used SECAM-K1 ; 6.5 MHz sound carrier, 625 lines and FM. (compatible with Russian SECAM-D/K). SECAM-L is not compatible with SECAM-K1 (which uses FM).

At circa one minute and thirty-three seconds in this video the term "National Television Systems Committee" is articulated. I think you will find it is 'National Television 'Standards' Committee'.

@creativetap7346

Жыл бұрын

Thanks for the correction :)

WHAT IS ANTARCTICA HIDING, lol.

i alwayssaw these settings in my video game emulators on my computer but never seen a diffrence. but ldc computer screens are far diffrent lol

The PAL System never needed a Tint control Because the Phase Shift Corrected any Colour Error! older TV's had a Colour control on the front Pannel but this just altered the intensity of the Coulour! Some People would turn it all the way up, I don't know how they could watch it, the Picture was horrible, to adjust your Picture you are supposed to turn the Colour all the way down then adjust the Contrast and Brightness to get a good Black & White Picture then slowly turn the Colour up until you get a nice Colour Picture!

@johnr6168

4 жыл бұрын

Even nowadays some people have the colour saturation turned far too high in the menu. When I stay in a hotel the TV in the room often has the colour set too high. Technically there is only one correct setting for the colour saturation. There is also one one correct level for the brightness because any 'black level' areas of the picture should almost produce no light from the screen, although in actual practice it is better turned up a little if the ambient light levlel is high. The contrast setting is more down to taste.

@xsc1000

3 жыл бұрын

All colour TVs (even today digital models) have colour saturation (colour intensity) setting. You can adjust colour as you wish. But some old PAL TV sets had something similar to TINT control. It doesnt change phase shift (because it doesnt work in PAL), but it changed gain in R and B channels. In one direction, it rised R gain and lowered B gain, in opposite direction it rised B gain and lowered R gain. In modern TVsets, you can still change RGB gain in menu, if you want to.

@johnr6168

3 жыл бұрын

@@xsc1000 I remember some of the foreign imports such as Hitachi and Teleton very often had a Tint control (as you say for the Red/Blue balance). The britsh manufacturers seemed less keen to include a Tint control.

@bryede

Жыл бұрын

The need for the Tint control went away as the electronics in NTSC sets got more accurate and sophisticated. In the early days, the PLL that decoded the color could drift all over the place.

@don1estelle

Жыл бұрын

@@bryede yes NTSC Improved with time! PAL was designed as an improvement over 1st gen NTSC but even PAL wasn't Prefect it suffered from Herringboning colour on fine detail news Readers were band from wearing Pinstripe Suits! France used SCAM that had its quarks too!

Well explained however you were WAY out regarding one point. Neither PAL or SECAM employed 625 fields per second, the actual rate being 50/fields/sec. It would not be possible without an enormous bandwidth increase to broadcast 625 fields per second, let alone receive it with the technology then available. Likewise, NTSC delivered 60/fields/second NOT 525. Obviously, you meant 'lines per frame' instead of 'fields per second.

@berko9608

3 жыл бұрын

@Charles Slater "625 lines" means 575 VISIBLE lines at the CRT screen. "525 lines" - - - 475 visible lines. There are 25 blanking line intervals between two fields at each TV broadcasting format.

@ecan

3 жыл бұрын

@@berko9608 what does this have to do with what Charles Slater said?

@berko9608

3 жыл бұрын

@@ecan To avoid unnecessary (blanked out) lines in the frame, the vertical cascades would have to move the beam from the bottom to the top of the screen instantly. This way would require a more complex circuitry and greater power. Therefore, the return of the beam from the bottom to the top position in the first television sets occurred in 25 horizontal periods of each field.

@ecan

3 жыл бұрын

@@berko9608 so... what does that have to do with 625/725 FIELDS per second? I believe you don't realize what you are saying

@berko9608

3 жыл бұрын

@@ecan I worked as a TV engineer for 19 years. I have never heard about 625 FIELDS per second. A frequency of more than 100 fields per second has no physical, physiological or aesthetic meaning. Someone made a mistake in the text. Line rate in SECAM and PAL = 15625 lines per second.

How about progressive and interlaced ?

@don1estelle

4 жыл бұрын

at 50hz you have to use Interlaced scan because of the Phospha on the Tube and Presistace of Vision if you use 50hz Progresive scan you would see the picture Fading down the screen the only other way is 100hz scan and that needs Double or was it Quadruple the bandwidth!

@xsc1000

3 жыл бұрын

All those analog TV systems were interlaced. NTSC, PAL Secam.

@ecan

3 жыл бұрын

@@don1estelle why 50Hz progressive? The proper equivalent for 50Hz in progressive would be 25 full frames per second; that is, 50 interlaced fields.

@GTAMan21

Жыл бұрын

@@don1estelle "if you use 50hz Progresive scan you would see the picture Fading down" Then why do I see progressive signal on my 50Hz CRT the same way as an interlaced one? When firing up 240p test suite it starts with progressive scanning method

@don1estelle

Жыл бұрын

Film is 24 frames per second whole frame no fade! the reason for Interlaced Image is to do with the phosphor fading as the Electron Beam scans the Screen, where an led screen can maintain longer than Phosphor of a CRT

I thought SECAM had a slightly higher line count?

@creativetap7346

5 жыл бұрын

Just checked again and it's 625 lines:)

@EdgyNumber1

5 жыл бұрын

@@creativetap7346 Ah, yes. I was thinking about Pre-SECAM, system E and F; French 819-lines system. The equipment of the day found it difficult to transmit and receive, though system F did solve some of the early problems encountered by System E. 625 was adopted as a Europe-wide format for broadcast and was adopted by Britain as an improvement to the 405-lines system. France and a few other places chose the SECAM way and others chose the PAL way (PAL-I in the UK.)

@kimgkomg

3 жыл бұрын

@@EdgyNumber1 so did televisions designed to support those systems have tighter electron beams? Otherwise the image would appear squished, correct?

I feel like the Brazilian format called PAL-M should become its own format because it is a mix between PAL and NTSC

I live in acountry with NTSC system in SouthAmerica (Chile). It is 30 frames per second, wich is perfect, but image is less quality than PAL. I watched PAL system TV in Argentina, amd I noticed the qualityis superior than NTSC, colors looks more perfect, natural, and the tinte knob control does not exist. But there is a flicker problem, more notable on white area.

@HIDHIFDB

4 жыл бұрын

i watched argentinian Tv and i can`t stant that Flicker.

@crist67mustang

4 жыл бұрын

@@HIDHIFDB The flicker efect is notorious when screen shows white areas. Now they have Japanese ISDB HD same as a Chile, now is not PAL.

@HIDHIFDB

4 жыл бұрын

@@crist67mustang i been in argentina in the late 00`s

@crist67mustang

4 жыл бұрын

@@HIDHIFDB I was in BsAs year 2010, 2011 2012 during PAL transmisions. The border of eye captures this flicker, not the center of iris. But only when image of screen is white border areas. Another important factor is that you usually watch NTSC screens, then you will see this point.

@xsc1000

3 жыл бұрын

@@crist67mustang But flickering is not caused by NTSC or PAL itself. 50 or 60 Hz TV systems were developed to respect power grid frequency. There is no problem to use 50Hz NTSC or 60Hz PAL or Secam system.

Why do Europeans think NTSC TVs have random hue shifts all the time?

@34.FB.34

4 жыл бұрын

Because they have! The proof is you always thought Kermit the frog was pink! It was not!

@aaendi6661

4 жыл бұрын

@@34.FB.34 Most of the "hue shifts" on NTSC were from kids pushing random buttons on the tv remote.

@34.FB.34

4 жыл бұрын

@@aaendi6661 It was a joke. And we must remember NTSC was the first color system... So, if sometimes there were hue shifts... Not a Big problem.

@johnr6168

4 жыл бұрын

Some time in the 1980s, America started using the PAL colour coding system (but with 525 lines - known as PAL-M) for most broadcast programme making and signal feeding to the transmitters. This was then converted to NTSC colour coding at the transmitters just before transmission. Here in the UK the colour stability on U.S. news footage suddenly improved and this was the reason.

@ecan

3 жыл бұрын

@@johnr6168 fake

NTSC = Better Frame Rate PAL and SECAM = Better Picture Quality

@bryede

Жыл бұрын

That was initially the case because it was too expensive to equip TVs with precision timing elements and the NTSC picture needed to be manually adjusted until it looked right. By the time we got into the '80s and '90s, NTSC sets were able to self-adjust and display the color information accurately.

@FrancisLitanofficialJAPINOY

Жыл бұрын

NTSC and PAL-M = Better Frame Rate PAL-N, SECAM, PAL = Better Picture Quality

@FrancisLitanofficialJAPINOY

Жыл бұрын

@@bryede receiving PAL-M on NTSC only TVs will receive black and white color but same frame rate.

NTSC=Never The Same Colour.

@creativetap7346

Жыл бұрын

Hahahaha

@alainro9757

Жыл бұрын

SECAM=Surtout Éviter la Compatibilité Avec le Monde (Above all, avoid compatibility with the world), or, Système Élégant Contre les AMéricains (Elegant System Against Americans). PAL=Pictures At Last

Funny, because Japanese geography is probably more similar to the Europe than the US... guess what they use? I think Europe was too proud to use murican standards, and the French being the worst offenders made their own.

@xsc1000

3 жыл бұрын

PAL is just clever modified NTSC. In 50s - early 60s there were tests with europeanized version of NTSC (50Hz NTSC system), but after all, PAL was better.

@martingianelli7552

2 жыл бұрын

Japan was third in the world in colour introduction (1960). Only NTSC was available then.

I'm a bit lost here whats a television.

625 fields? 525 fields? Are you drunk?

Delete your patreon Cringy 💀