NEOPLASIA 3: TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENES: Retinoblastoma Gene, Knudson's Two Hit Hypothesis.

This short tutorial explains the general concepts of tumor suppressor genes and a detailed explaination of Retinoblastoma gene
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Tumor suppression genes- general aspects
Retinoblastoma gene
Knudson’s two Hit Hypothesis
Role of RB in regulation of cell cycle
Mechanism of inactivation of RB
Tumors associated with RB gene mutations
Tumor suppressor proteins( products of TSG)
Regulate cell growth by applying brakes to cell proliferation ( Growth Inhibition)
Failure of growth inhibition is seen in carcinogenesis
Loss of function of these genes is a key event in carcinogenesis
Retinoblastoma Gene ( RB Gene)
First discovered Tumor suppressor gene
Chromosome 13q14
Retinoblastoma: is a childhood tumor with inactivation of this gene.
Knudson’s two-hit hypothesis
Two mutations ( hits) involving both the alleles of TSG ( here RB gene) is a basic requisite for the development of tumor
Retinoblastoma can occur as hereditary or sporadic form
Explanation for the same is given by Knudson’s two-hit hypothesis
RB protein- product of RB gene
Key role in regulation of the cell cycle
“Governor” of the cell cycle
So, How does RB gets inactivated ?OrHow does the Antiproliferative activity of RB is nullified?
1. Germline & somatic
Loss of function Mutations of RB Gene
2. Gene Amplifications of CDK 4 and
Cyclin D genes
3. Functional inactivation of RB
Tumors associated with RB Gene mutations
Retinoblastoma
Osteosarcoma
Glioblastomas
Small cell carcinomas of lung
Breast cancers &
Bladder cancers
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Please watch: "WARBURG EFFECT: Hallmark of CANCER. What, Why & How?"
• NEOPLASIA 6: WARBURG E...
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Пікірлер: 128

  • @satadruray9787
    @satadruray9787 Жыл бұрын

    Absolutely brilliant sir. As a practicing surgical oncologist since more than 25 years, as also a teaching faculty in a medical college, I really appreciate the clarity and lucidity of your excellent presentation. Thank you so much.

  • @nirmalnemane3566
    @nirmalnemane35663 жыл бұрын

    Sir Pls do not get inactive. Pls continue ur proliferative potential of spreading knowledge. This type of mutation in u is welcome sir. Pls do continue generating such interesting videos

  • @ilovepathologyVijayPatho

    @ilovepathologyVijayPatho

    3 жыл бұрын

    😂 😂 👌 👍 thank you 😊

  • @mjayreign6699

    @mjayreign6699

    8 ай бұрын

    Fr you’re amazing I can’t even shouttttt!!!!

  • @dhritimadas6357
    @dhritimadas63575 жыл бұрын

    Easy to understand... concept clear .... Respect & love from core of my heart

  • @drabdul86
    @drabdul862 жыл бұрын

    Randomly came here and WOW , u have made difficult topic capable of understanding , Thanks

  • @Albaraaf
    @Albaraaf6 жыл бұрын

    You explanations of complicated topics makes it so much easy to understand and comprehend the topics that are discussed in dozens of pages. I've been always looking forward for your tutorials. THANK YOU SO MUCH for all the effort.

  • @ilovepathologyVijayPatho

    @ilovepathologyVijayPatho

    6 жыл бұрын

    Albaraa Alfaraidi thanks for those kind words :-)

  • @albertranglong

    @albertranglong

    2 жыл бұрын

    Is there any notes available and is it helpful in university exam ? Please let me know

  • @venkateshwarlugangishetty8853
    @venkateshwarlugangishetty88534 жыл бұрын

    Your explanations r making my preparation very easy. Thanks a lot sir 😊😊

  • @iamjaya3179
    @iamjaya31796 ай бұрын

    Its never a boring subject if u have a great teacher

  • @saramohammadi8578
    @saramohammadi85784 жыл бұрын

    Thanks a lot, I was struggling a lot with this concept for my cancer biology exam :)

  • @amruthb8524
    @amruthb85247 жыл бұрын

    very good explanation, , thank you sir

  • @nahiralejandra91
    @nahiralejandra914 жыл бұрын

    Your content is so good I don’t even skip the ads.

  • @aggieruiru1999
    @aggieruiru19992 жыл бұрын

    Your make everything so simple to understand , thank you Sir

  • @drnirmalraut
    @drnirmalraut6 жыл бұрын

    never understood retinoblastoma gene this better

  • @crazyrobin5

    @crazyrobin5

    4 жыл бұрын

    Haha.. That's the problem sir.. We being an oncologist... Just are entangled with the trials... Basics and core fundamentals, I feel are given the least weightage.. 🙏

  • @mangalthorat7951
    @mangalthorat7951 Жыл бұрын

    Thanks alot..Very informative and easy to understand video on this topic.It helped me a lot .

  • @pallavis9533
    @pallavis95332 жыл бұрын

    Finally understood the topic ❤️ Thank you sir.

  • @leonardunganai8589
    @leonardunganai85895 жыл бұрын

    I couldn’t be more grateful🙏🏽🙏🏽🙏🏽😩😩

  • @randsa2588
    @randsa25884 жыл бұрын

    Thank you doctor 🌸 i call this simplicity 👌🏻

  • @abijeyarajan2173
    @abijeyarajan21734 жыл бұрын

    Clear explanation and easy to grasp the information 🙏🏼

  • @brandonjackson2730
    @brandonjackson27302 ай бұрын

    This is absolutely fantastic! Very well explained thank you sir.

  • @noorusamaa9931
    @noorusamaa99314 жыл бұрын

    YOU’RE THE BEST! Thankyou so much

  • @visallinivasanthan1523
    @visallinivasanthan15235 жыл бұрын

    Thank u so much ...it was very useful 👏🏼

  • @coolmitochondria4467
    @coolmitochondria44672 жыл бұрын

    thank you so much for this, you are a lifesaver

  • @drneelz
    @drneelz6 жыл бұрын

    Very happy to the vedio..you made easy for me as preparing for oncosurgery

  • @debigdogk9563
    @debigdogk95636 ай бұрын

    Great teaching and illustrations thank you for teaching and sharing ❤❤❤❤❤

  • @Aestheticbeeee
    @Aestheticbeeee8 ай бұрын

    Your explanation is mind-blowing. Very useful thanks alooottt

  • @rukhsarshaikh8322
    @rukhsarshaikh83225 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much.. It really helpful

  • @jeyshreechandrashekar8936
    @jeyshreechandrashekar89366 жыл бұрын

    very helpful

  • @poornimakadam1330
    @poornimakadam1330 Жыл бұрын

    Beautiful explanation

  • @biotopper5390
    @biotopper53902 жыл бұрын

    I love the way you teach sir .. god bless you with still more knowledge 💖... If possible plz upload more videos tqvm sir

  • @SuperAirbus123
    @SuperAirbus1232 жыл бұрын

    Thank you sir.. It helped me a lot..😌😌

  • @madhupreethi7072
    @madhupreethi70723 жыл бұрын

    Crystal clear topics ...tq...excepting more videos from hematology

  • @kavishasoni9127
    @kavishasoni91273 жыл бұрын

    Sir I m very grateful ..very nice explaination

  • @Stressed_PhD_0831
    @Stressed_PhD_08317 жыл бұрын

    Great job!, thanks!

  • @jaymakwana1776
    @jaymakwana17765 жыл бұрын

    Really helpful video. Thank you😊

  • @geethatamilselvan4619
    @geethatamilselvan46196 жыл бұрын

    Very useful... thank u so much sir ..

  • @user-oj1di7fz9l
    @user-oj1di7fz9lАй бұрын

    felt very grateful thank you so much

  • @ravipriya2012
    @ravipriya20126 жыл бұрын

    Excellent explanation.thankyou sir

  • @zeelbaraiya7916
    @zeelbaraiya7916 Жыл бұрын

    Thank you Sir🙌🏻

  • @ranan2682
    @ranan2682 Жыл бұрын

    very useful video thx from the heart

  • @shifapathan8386
    @shifapathan8386 Жыл бұрын

    Finally understanding the topic..tons of pages made soo easy thank you sir..

  • @ilovepathologyVijayPatho

    @ilovepathologyVijayPatho

    Жыл бұрын

    😊 thank you

  • @Artsylove4
    @Artsylove43 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much sir!!!

  • @benazirnowshath9002
    @benazirnowshath90024 жыл бұрын

    Excellent explanation sir! 👏

  • @sumitgurjar818
    @sumitgurjar8186 жыл бұрын

    Beautiful explanation..

  • @subhamkarmakar3320
    @subhamkarmakar33202 жыл бұрын

    Awesome content 🔥

  • @rewindproducer
    @rewindproducer6 жыл бұрын

    Great video, thank you!

  • @immdhil1814
    @immdhil1814 Жыл бұрын

    I love these ❤️

  • @thashreen3537
    @thashreen35373 жыл бұрын

    Thank u soo much sir!

  • @terquisefog4264
    @terquisefog42646 жыл бұрын

    Great explanation thank you

  • @saurabh_sahani
    @saurabh_sahani5 жыл бұрын

    10000% solid concept

  • @oviya7715
    @oviya77154 жыл бұрын

    Good explanation easy to understand useful for my exams

  • @yasinkhan644
    @yasinkhan6445 жыл бұрын

    Well played !! Thank you

  • @ashwini16k
    @ashwini16k Жыл бұрын

    Awesome. ❤

  • @komancikartal
    @komancikartal6 жыл бұрын

    thank u, great explanation

  • @faheemullah7592
    @faheemullah75923 жыл бұрын

    Conceptual approach 👌

  • @saroshkhan6259
    @saroshkhan62593 жыл бұрын

    Great explanation.. Thanks...

  • @safaaalesawi7437
    @safaaalesawi74373 жыл бұрын

    Very good thanks

  • @nileshlifesciences9601
    @nileshlifesciences96014 жыл бұрын

    Very well explained

  • @mokgadimaloba6936
    @mokgadimaloba69363 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much for this

  • @DrVaishnaviVP
    @DrVaishnaviVP4 жыл бұрын

    Excellent. Thank you sir.

  • @maryam00005
    @maryam000059 ай бұрын

    Thank you sooooo much ... robbins is a piece of cake cuz of you

  • @Bapekkkk12
    @Bapekkkk122 жыл бұрын

    Very helpful

  • @athirasivanand4756
    @athirasivanand47565 жыл бұрын

    Excellent video

  • @kanugulatejasri369
    @kanugulatejasri3696 ай бұрын

    Thankyou so much sir

  • @silasrotich5436
    @silasrotich54365 жыл бұрын

    Excellent!

  • @Varshneymicrobes
    @Varshneymicrobes Жыл бұрын

    The gene for retinoblastoma is transmitted along with a gene for esterase D to which it is closely linked. However, either of the two alleles for esterase D can be transmitted with either allele for retinoblastoma. How do you know that retinoblastoma is not the direct effect of the esterase D genotype? Please give explanation....

  • @sangeetachoudhury2411
    @sangeetachoudhury24114 жыл бұрын

    Great explanation....Thanks for helping

  • @ilovepathologyVijayPatho

    @ilovepathologyVijayPatho

    4 жыл бұрын

    You are most welcome

  • @archanasingh3587
    @archanasingh3587 Жыл бұрын

    Super explanation

  • @osagiodagbonegbon8735
    @osagiodagbonegbon87355 ай бұрын

    Thanks for this

  • @patiencechepkorir5596
    @patiencechepkorir5596 Жыл бұрын

    Aaah people are missing out on content 🤩

  • @Jagannadhpeela
    @Jagannadhpeela7 жыл бұрын

    good presentation

  • @dr.dharmilshah2788
    @dr.dharmilshah27885 жыл бұрын

    Too good 🙌

  • @smanna25
    @smanna255 жыл бұрын

    Excellent

  • @tinyhunter2419
    @tinyhunter24197 ай бұрын

    Thank you sir for this beautiful explanation. Please do a video series on wbc malignancies

  • @geethabalamurugan9641
    @geethabalamurugan96414 жыл бұрын

    A plenty of thanks sir.... waiting for systematic pathology videos

  • @ilovepathologyVijayPatho

    @ilovepathologyVijayPatho

    4 жыл бұрын

    Very soon

  • @medicalknowledge7950
    @medicalknowledge79503 жыл бұрын

    Very useful 👍

  • @RESHMAPNAIR-ii5hl
    @RESHMAPNAIR-ii5hl3 жыл бұрын

    Great explanation.... Too good.... Robbins can be made so simple?

  • @kimberlyparagele8828
    @kimberlyparagele88285 жыл бұрын

    Thank you.

  • @JahangirAlam-qm7kn
    @JahangirAlam-qm7kn4 жыл бұрын

    Thank you

  • @nahidhaboub3316
    @nahidhaboub33163 жыл бұрын

    You are amazing thank you sir thank you very much

  • @alamielizabeth
    @alamielizabeth8 ай бұрын

    Gracias

  • @ahmedeldesouky1878
    @ahmedeldesouky18786 жыл бұрын

    thanks so much

  • @abdallah6755
    @abdallah67556 жыл бұрын

    thanks a lot

  • @rashidakhatoon4541
    @rashidakhatoon45414 жыл бұрын

    Thankew you so much

  • @sarahmina1442
    @sarahmina14423 жыл бұрын

    Thank you! Why is the retinoblastoma unilateral in 60% of cases? Since there are ×2 hits (in both chromosomes) it should be bilateral. (Affects both retinas).

  • @Interestingworld4567
    @Interestingworld45675 жыл бұрын

    Thanks 💚😊

  • @naveeddar8542
    @naveeddar85425 жыл бұрын

    U r ossm sir

  • @anandsingh4071
    @anandsingh40716 жыл бұрын

    which is more common inherited or acquired retinoblastoma??

  • @mehrinsamed2475
    @mehrinsamed24756 жыл бұрын

    thanku sir

  • @ayushshah7592
    @ayushshah75924 жыл бұрын

    Awesome

  • @aranosaur
    @aranosaur5 жыл бұрын

    thank you saar

  • @cindya2760
    @cindya27604 жыл бұрын

    Thanks

  • @poonampayal6737
    @poonampayal67375 жыл бұрын

    Thank you but please make more videos

  • @srivardhanmunagala2143
    @srivardhanmunagala21434 жыл бұрын

    Damn good ...!

  • @user-os9si8fe6o
    @user-os9si8fe6o4 ай бұрын

    Sir, what is loss of function mutations for RB protein ? Can you please make a video on this topic 😢

  • @shkaraziz1194
    @shkaraziz11944 жыл бұрын

    May I know your specific references, for example for the pictures, please?

  • @mahfuzajebun5968
    @mahfuzajebun59687 жыл бұрын

    Awesome. Thanks a lot

  • @ilovepathologyVijayPatho

    @ilovepathologyVijayPatho

    7 жыл бұрын

    Thanks. Glad you liked it. Any suggestions are welcome.

  • @wasim1880
    @wasim18806 жыл бұрын

    How normal cell divided? If RB gene is inhibit the cell to go S phase of cell cycle.??

  • @tamilanda2678
    @tamilanda26785 жыл бұрын

    Wishes from madurai medical college😇

  • @kanishjain9390
    @kanishjain93904 жыл бұрын

    So wonderful . Thank you. You can also checkout my article in pediatriconcall on the same topic

  • @spek2554
    @spek25543 жыл бұрын

    What happens if you eat food containing cancer cells or tumor?

  • @bayraktararda
    @bayraktararda3 жыл бұрын

    Your explanations are very good but if you speak more slowly it will be better to understand