Khwarezmia was indeed among the three greatest polities conquered by the Mongols. I wonder if the Volga Bulgars were as martial as the other Western Turks

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

Unfortunately information on the Volga Bulghars military is slim (not non-existent, though). We get a few brief descriptions from sources and can make inferences from archaeology. At the height of their power they appear to have been capable of raising rather large, well-equipped forces. But the actual strength of the Volga Bulghar state in the years before the Mongol conquest seems to have been degraded due to expansion and pressure from the Rus' principalities. But there is generally an indication of on-and-off Bulghar-Mongol fighting in the year between Subedei's battle with them around 1223/1224, and the Mongol invasion of 1235/36. Essentially, the Mongol Empire was steadily probing frontier south of the Ural Mountains into Bulghar territory. Not enough to stall the Mongols though, and it wore down the Bulghar's strength. We have an interesting case of a Hungarian Dominican friar, Friar Julian, making a trip to the Volga Bulghars and Magna Hungaria/Bashkirds in the 1230s on the very eve of the Mongol invasion, and he portrays them as being almost helpless against the vast army being arrayed against them.

@ex-navyspook

Жыл бұрын

@@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory I was wondering if you'd ever read the book "It Seemed Like a Good Idea: A Compendium of Great Historical Fiascoes," edited by Bill Fawcett. I found one reference to it coming out in 2017, but I had a copy from probably the late-90s. There's a chapter on the Khwarezm Empire and its unwise poking of the hornets nest that was the Mongol Empire that's pretty interesting. Imagine being Fr. Julian, showing up, seeing all that panic and desperation, and not really knowing what was over the horizon.

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

@@ex-navyspook I've not read that one, but many years ago I did read Fawcett's "How to Lose WWII," and really enjoyed it. A very engaging author indeed!

@ex-navyspook

Жыл бұрын

@@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory This one is more...edited by Fawcett. Most of the articles are written by a lot of different authors. Very interesting read.

Finaly someone draw accurate illustration of Khwarezmians.

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

It was great pleasure! The figures are based off of the Mina'i ware bowls produced in Khwarezm, some Seljuq artworks (assuming a general continuity in Seljuq-equipment and Khwarezmian), a bit of archaeology and some of the details the written sources give of their equipment.

Your videos always pack a ton of information, these are awesome!

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

There's enough people who hide behind vague-ness on the internet to disguise how little reading they did on the subject, so I try to do the opposite. There's still much more I could have included, but at a certain point I'm writing a book instead of a video script.

the accuracy of your artwork is sublime

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

Thank you! It is great effort but it is one of my favourite parts of the entire process.

@meth2733

Жыл бұрын

@@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory i also heard on discord your going to do a mamluke series as well? really looking forward to that

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

@@meth2733 The final video in this heavy armour series will be focused on the Mamluks and Mongol conflict, and I think it's the longest video of this series.

@georgepats1168

11 ай бұрын

@@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory what's the soundtrack in the ending of the second part ?

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

11 ай бұрын

@@georgepats1168 If you mean the track that plays at the end of the video on the heavy cavalry and Jin Dynasty, that track is called Dragon's Gate, and is by Edward Karl Hanson

This was supposed to go up a week ago but I was in Hungary for another project. Only one Mongol-themed thing can be done at a time, that's the rules. You can watch others parts here: Part 1: Overview on equipment: kzread.info/dash/bejne/ial4p5iyZtCwZM4.html Part 2: usage and in the war against the Jin Dynasty: kzread.info/dash/bejne/nISVu4-pkrXQlc4.html Part 4: Mongol Cavalry vs Knights: kzread.info/dash/bejne/kWaOyc6zeMeycqw.html Part 5: Mongols vs Mamluks: kzread.info/dash/bejne/ZGudzKOgebfXqqg.html

@ajithsidhu7183

Жыл бұрын

Please do on rajput troops

@papazataklaattiranimam

Жыл бұрын

@@ajithsidhu7183Angry Delhi Sultans noises (especially Alauddin Khalji)

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

@@ajithsidhu7183 If information on the role of rajputs against Mongol cavalry was available for this period, I would have incorporated it. However, as I note in the video itself the information on the Delhi-Mongol wars in generally very thin and says little on what types of troops were present, except for broad statements. And I am interested in what contemporary primary sources have to say, not what appears in the more-detailed records that come, unfortunately, centuries later.

@ex-navyspook

Жыл бұрын

I like your content. It's well researched, and the Mongol period is one of my favorites, if only because of the massive destabilizing influence, pure fear-factor in Eastern and Central Europe before they arrived, and just morbid fascination. My only complaint (and it, quite frankly, is a huge one for me) is your pronunciation of cavalry. The way you pronounce it, CAL-vary, was where Christ was purported to have been crucified. CAV-alry is what gallops over the hill to save the day (or seemingly ravages the whole known world, in the case of the Mongols).

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

@@ex-navyspook We can blame it on my Canadian accent I guess. I tested it out and apparently I barely say the words with any distinction.

In 1303 another large Mongol force, led by Targhi Beg (the same warrior who killed Zafar Khan), laid siege to Delhi while Alauddin was busy besieging the Rajput fortress of Chit tor, Delhi, however, withstood the attack, giving Alauddin time to organize his forces and plan for the inevitable confrontation. In the long campaign. that followed in the next few years, Alauddin's forces were totally victorious. The battles that occurred throughout the campaign resulted in a tremendous slaughter of the Mongols. In time, the Mongols developed a great fear of the Khilji army, its cavalry in particular, and "all fancy of coming to Hindustan was washed clean out of their breasts." A measure of Alauddin Khilji's military genius was that, even as he conducted a successful campaign against the invading Mongols, he also waged a war against India's surviving Hindu kingdoms. This campaign began in 1297 with the easy conquest of Gujrat, after which he turned his attention to the powerful Rajput kingdoms of Kanthanbor and Chittor. After capturing the former in 1300-1301, he laid siege to the formidable fortress city of Chit tor, which he captured after eight months; he then ordered its population of 30,000 massacred." The conquest of Ranthanbor and Chittor destroyed the two most powerful Rajput strongholds and broke Rajput power in north ern India. Although Alauddin continued to wage war against other Rajput kingdoms, none would henceforth offer any serious opposition.

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

Yes, but we have to be careful about making it seem like this was an easy thing for Alauddin Khalji and that the Mongols posed no threat to him. The sources like the Tariq-i Alai of Amir Khusraw (d.1325) are rather clear in that a number of these battles are close run things, and the Alauddin Khalji is victorious as often as he was because of the will of God, rather than just his own efforts, and spent a huge amount of personal effort building up his state to be an effective anti-Mongol fighting force (which also made it very effective against most other armies, too). Alauddin Khalji was a highly capable commander and administrator, but also a very lucky man. Those are traits that make a very successful conqueror and defender against Mongol invasion. He makes a good comparison to Sultan Baybars al-Bunduqdari in the Mamluk Sultanate, in that respect: the right man at the right time, sort of thing. It is testament to the skill of both men that they were so good at their resistance that they made it look easy, but developed such complex and involved state systems to support it, that their successors struggled to play to the same level of skill (the fact that neither Baybars nor Alauddin Khalji succeeded in establishing their much-desired dynasties also makes an interesting point of comparison).

@AltaicGigachad

Жыл бұрын

@@TheJackmeisterMongolHistoryhow many battles did Alauddin Khalji fought with Mongols?

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

@@AltaicGigachad Oh I don't know. It depends how you count it; because he isn't personally present in all of the battles. There's at least six larger invasions/raids during his reign, and a number of small ones that probably don't get mentioned too.

@AltaicGigachad

11 ай бұрын

@@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory I always wondered how many Battles Genghis Khan personally won, I think it should be around 20 or even more (including Siege’s ofcourse).

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

11 ай бұрын

@@AltaicGigachad I don't know how many he won or fought. I've never tried to count it. I think it would depend a lot on whether this is including every siege or skirmish he was involved in. But I would think it was more than twenty

The mongol empire is like a nuclear bomb going off in the middle of history. A massive initial blast, shockwaves radiating outward, not quite as strong but still enough to bash down your house, and then the radiation settles in and spreads outward for millennia to come

Long Live Jack ! Words can't epxress my gratitude to you This serie is invaluable and the artwork and battlescenes are extraordinary ! Can't wait to see more content ! God bless you Jack !

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

Very pleased that you have enjoyed it so far; I hope it lives up to the long wait that you had for it!

One of the best videos I've ever seen in my life. It probably took a lot of time to make this video.

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

Thank you! They all take a long time, and I try not to think about how much time I actually spend on them.

Keep it going! Good stuff!

Great videos as always. One grammar Nazi point: Calvary (noun) 1. an open-air representation of the crucifixion of Jesus, 2, an experience of usually intense mental suffering. Cavalry (noun) 1. an army component mounted on horseback. :)

There were 4 nations which have managed to defeat the 1200's Mongols in war ; Javanese (Majapahit), Turks (Khalji & Bahri Mamluks), Japanese, Vietnamese (Dai Viet). Mongols of the first half of the 13th century however were unstoppable Major nations destroyed by the Mongols ; -Jin(Tungusic) -Khwarezmids(Turkic) -Souther Song(Sinitic) -Kara Khitais(Khitanic) -Cumania(Turkic) -Kievan Rus(Germanic and Slavic) -Seljuk Rum(Turkic) -Abbasids(Arabic) -Western Xia(Qiangic) -Volga Bulgaria(Turkic)

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

You could also add the inhabitants of Gilan and arguably Sakhalin island as doing good work of resisting the Mongols.

@tengriguidesmysteps960

Жыл бұрын

Seljuks destroyed? I dont know about it

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

@@tengriguidesmysteps960 To be fair, the Seljuqs of Rum were hardly in great shape follow Köse Dağ in 1243 and then Aqsaray in 1256

@EchoVortex713

2 ай бұрын

Mongols really destroyed every Turkic nation at the time and Turks claim they’re the descendants of mongols coming up mogol 😂 so silly

Turghaut means khan's dayguard in Mongol language as far as I know and there are a few locations in Anatolia named as "Turgutlu", meaning "place with a lot of Turguts". I am aware of some Mongols settling in Anatolia however not sure why would they be called Turguts.

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

Interesting; we know that some Ilkhans like Geikhatu spent a lot of time in Anatolia. Perhaps some sort of left over settlement of his keshig there? Hard to say without knowing more.

@papazataklaattiranimam

Жыл бұрын

Aren’t Torghuds Keraites?

@ahmeteminerdogan9266

Жыл бұрын

@@papazataklaattiranimam That is also a possibility.

teacher jackmeister please teach me something. for the battle of kalka river specifically when the mongols did their feign retreat that lasted for 9 days or so. how exactly did that work? do they ever sleep? or were they constantly just dashing straight for the b line?

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

There is probably some level of stopping; we know from the Halych-Volhynian Chronicle (the account in which was informed by eye-witnesses, or perhaps even a participant in the battle itself) that the Rus' and Cuman troops were able to steal animals herds away from the Mongol camp, while also not quite catching up to the main force itself. And still both armies arrived at the Kalka River with strength enough to fight for some hours. So we should imagine that the retreat probably mostly stopped at night (both sides wary of walking into an ambush in the night, or at least injuring too many horses on unseen obstacles) at which point more daring mounted units from among the Rus' and Cumans rode out to capture the Mongols' animals.

Thank you, It was great. Parwan: Qjpchaqs Turkmens and khiljis mounted on their Arabic and Topchaq horses, chasing Mongols on their small horses, their treasured horses caused their downfall.

delhi army majority used chain-mail armor rather than heavy lamellar because of the hot weather

I think it is rather interesting (and telling) that the mongols almost always fought against other steppe people, usually "relatives" from turko-mongolic tribes. But when they encountered more sedentary societies (Central Europe, South China, South East Asia), their progress slowed down or as even completely halted. Maybe it was geography that stopped them?

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

Geography is certainly an aspect; the Eurasian steppe is much friendlier to large horse-born armies that many of these other regions. But I never feel that it is the defining factor; the Southern Song Dynasty fielded immense hosts and seemingly innumerable cities, and despite not being in an ideal situation politically, it had the ability to put up a meaning resistance (even if routinely struggling on the offence). There was no quick way to conquer such a dynasty. By the time of the Mongol invasions of south eastern Asia, I have argued elsewhere the biggest hurdles to Mongol victories there were not terrain (the Mongols often win many of the actual field battles there) but leadership. That is, there was no longer political will on the part of the Mongols to do the thorough information gathering, ally making, logistics etc. that made their earlier conquests possible. By the end of the thirteenth century they are relying on the expectation that simply the fact that they are Mongols is enough to earn victories; Khubilai Khan threw armies at targets with little thought to how feasible it would be to actually gain them. Tactical successes could not therefore be turned into strategic victories. The focus of my current PhD dissertation deals with how much that was also the case for the 1280s attacks on Hungary and Poland (which are often reduced to just knights and castles beating the Mongols, when the actual events are much more complicated)

@johnadams5245

Жыл бұрын

@@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory "The focus of my current PhD dissertation deals with how much that was also the case for the 1280s attacks on Hungary and Poland" looking forward to it :)

@zzhex6780

11 ай бұрын

The mongol armies were even more effective against sedentary peoples, examples include the Chinese states and the rus states. Most mongol defeats came at the hands of the people who fought most similar to them which were the Turks. The volga bulgars, Delhi sultanate, Mamluk sultanate, the khwarezmians all defeated the mongols in pitched battles and what do they all have in common? Their armies were made up of Turkic nomads who used the same tactics as the mongols and were familiar in the nomadic type of warfare.

9:14 THE CUMAN-QIPCHAQS NEVER WORE THE MUSTACHE MASKS? I'm heartbroken...

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

6 ай бұрын

I am going to do a video on the matter in the upcoming year and explain it in more detail

Delhi Mamluk Sultans were too formidable for Mongols and Alla Uddin Khilji was nemesis of invading Mongols.

Did Mongols ever invade Manglıshak ? I think that region mentioned as part of ulus given to the Batu but primary sources mention nothing about the conquest of it. Also, there was an alliance of the Oghuz in Manglıshak under the leadership of Salurs, what happened to them after Mongol invasion ?

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

I am sure that they did, but off the top of my head, I do not know if the sources on the Mongol invasion of Khwarezm (such as al-Nasawi, Juzjani, Juvaini and Ibn al-Athir, our main, most detail accounts of the war) mention Manglıshak directly. Basically, they do not give very good information on events that happen to the north and west of Gurganj/Urgench (so we don't know Jochi's movements after the siege beyond vaguely "he went into the steppe"). Generally the understanding is that the Mongol Empire had a very good control over that region, and the Khwarezm Delta again became a very important economic centre under them. The Khans of the Golden Horde often stationed powerful governors there, and also established many caravansarai through the Ustyurt plateau. Whether there were major battles for the peninsula though, at this moment I cannot say without doing further research into the matter. Now the thing is, they might actually mention it... but not under that name. Supposedly it has also been known under the Persian name of Siyahkuh (black mountain?), so I will keep an eye out in the written sources to see if they mention that.

It's "cavalry", derivation from French "cheval", meaning horse, and not "Calvary", a hill near Jerusalem, where Jesus Christ was crucified. Still, a great video. Subscribed.

👍👍👍

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

👌

Hey Jackmeister, if genghis wanted to conquer india do you think he could have?

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

11 ай бұрын

Eh, not likely. It took them 70 odd years to conquer China, and over 20 years just to conquer the Jin Dynasty. By the time Chinggis was at the Indian border in late 1221, he realistically had about 10 years left in his life (since he dies by 1227). ~10 years to conquer the Indian subcontinent is a... tall order.

Do we have any information about the military organization of the Khwarezmians ? Also do we know in detail which clan of Kıpchaks ruled which region, their leaders etc during time of Chinggis Khan ?

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

11 ай бұрын

There's certainly a great deal of information on Khwarezm's military organization, though I don't remember the precise details on hand. But I can speak of some aspects, or at least my understanding of the situation. First of all, the Khwarezmian army was of varied background. Obviously there was a very large, very important Turkic element; Qipchaq-Qanglis in a sort of mercenary service to the state (a system held together by marriage alliances between the dynasties and Qipchaq leaders; thus these Qipchaq remained more in service to their individuals khans, instead of in service directly to the Khwarezmshah), or those who were settled in Khwarezm and the Shah's direct subjects. But we know also many Khalaj, Turkmen, Ghuris, Khitais (former Qara-Khitai troops, who were again mostly Turkic but some ethnic Khitans it seems), Khurasanis and Tajiks mentioned in the Khwarezmian army. Garrisons could consist of "the Shah's troops" (non-locals, Turks, Ghuris etc. appointed to that garrison) as well as local forces levied as well.

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

11 ай бұрын

We read of a number of appointments and positions in the army, but aside from certain elements (the Qipchaq "mercenaries' namely) it seems a great deal of the troops were under the direct control of the Khwarezm-shah and his family. There does not appear to me an extensive miltiary or feudal aristocracy from whom the Shah "requested" troops from. While there were some, their power compared to the Khwarezm-shah's government was rather weak. We see the empire also divided into appanages; Jalal al-Din's appanage in the former Ghurid lands, which perhaps is reflected in the reason for his flight there after the death of his father. Via these appanages troops were organized and sent elsewhere across the empire. These appanages seem mostly the system by which the Khwarezmian army was raised. When it comes to the Mongol invasion, this top-heavy/direct control of the Shah became a problem; basically because the organization of this system was so centralized, when Muhamamd Khwarezm-shah fled (and had most of his family accompany him) that left basically noone to organize any level of defence. Basically ever individual city was left to its own devices; so you could have some fellows like Temur Malik at Khujand who was rather capable, and at Gurganj (the capital before it was moved to Samarkand) there was some rallying of the Anushteginid family (briefly, though). But there was no larger, intra-regional cooperation (something very much by design, to reduce challenges to the power of the Khwarezm-shah). One contemporary author, Ibn al-Athir I believe, essentially writes that because Muhammad had so greatly weakened or entirely removed all the various kings across the region, once Muhammad II himself was unable to organize the defence, no one else could step into the role until Jalal al-Din did, and in this way helped the Mongol advance. This is just what I remember off the top of my head though; I would need to do further reading before talking more specific details and titles.

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

11 ай бұрын

Regarding Qipchaq clan distribution, we unfortunately don't have great detail. A few are mentioned, but usually only briefly and its hard to determine what their specific lands were within the steppe. It isn't helped that most of these clans are given different names in different sources, so it becomes apparent that even at the time, there was a lot of confusion on the matter. For example: Jebe and Subedei are supposed to have killed "the most powerful Cuman leaders in the steppes," who are given the names of Yurgi and Tatarqar in the Arabic accounts, and Iurii Konchakovic (chief of " wild Qipchaq" ) and Daniil Kobjakovic (chief of "non-wild") in Rus' account. Iurii was apparently the son of another Cuman leader named Konchak, who was known from slightly earlier Rus' accounts and tried to lead an effort at uniting many of the Cumans. He appears to have been living around the Dnieper (?) River, and may (or may not) also be the father of the famed Koten, the Cuman leader who fled into Hungary before the Mongol invasion. So we get a few details of a possible dynasty and hierarchy, but the information is very sparse. Some people's effort to reconstruct have been overzealous in my opinion, and lean towards wishful-thinking rather than actual source analysis.

@Spartan_Disiplin

11 ай бұрын

​@@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory So Khwarezmians sabotaged old iqta system and set up more centralized one than their Seljuk predecessor ?

so what is the origin of the moustache mask?

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

I plan a video on this matter. But short answer: Soviet archaeologists settled on identification as Cuman (after guessing, various, Norman, Sassinid, Rus' and a dozen other things). However, all the graves in which these masks have been found in association with are all now thought to date to 14th century. The specific helmet style they are found with, is also thought to be something which developed after the Mongol invasion. So while the graves show a lot of elements of Cuman culture and practices, they also show post-conquest influence as well. So while it isn't impossible that the Cumans had them, we don't have at the moment any unequivocal evidence on the matter; the current body of evidence suggests they were brought into the region by the Mongols, who perhaps encountered them first amongst the Jin or themselves, or perhaps from the Islamic world (we have a Seljuq manuscript dated about 1250 which seems to depict one).

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

A lot of the logic for the Cuman-mask connection rested on their apparent similarity with the balbals... but we don't really have precise dating on the balbals either (its possible they stopped being made in the iconic style a century or two before the Mongols); and as it is, it's hardly a mustache style very unique to the Cumans.

@meth2733

Жыл бұрын

@@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory i know the seljuq manuscript which depicts the mask and its a very big myth that the moustache mask is cuman in reality it is like you said , its seljuk iranian and also golden horde related the seljuk manuscript you are referencing is the varqa gulshah romance i assume?

@Spartan_Disiplin

Жыл бұрын

​@@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory in 14.century was there distinction between Mongol and Cuman graves,culture and practices ?

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

@meth2733 yes the Varqa wa Gulshah illustrated manuscript, which is thought to date to about 1250. We also have a number of Ilkhanid manuscripts which seem to depict masks as well

Can you please explain how the cumans didnt wear those mustache masks??

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

5 ай бұрын

Will be an entire video on the topic sometime soon. Most of the research is done, but I just don't have time at the moment to write and make the actual video.

@Saiyan61

5 ай бұрын

@@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory i cant waitttttttt

Was there an Oghuz clique rivaling the Kipchaks in Khwarezmian Empire?

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

11 ай бұрын

Not in the 13th century. I don't know the history of the Khwarezmian state very well before the reign of Tekesh (Muhammad II's father), but the Anushteginid Khwarezmian state began as vassals to the Great Seljuqs. I would suspect in the time between the appointment of Anushtegin Gharchi as governor of the Khearezmian delta for the Seljuqs, to the reign of Tekesh Khwarezmshah, any Oghuz military and political element was largely superceded by the Qipchaq (and moreso the Qangli specifically). Muhammad II and his son Jalal al-Din were both of Qipchaq-Qangli descent themselves, of course, and the sources make it very clear that this is not just a political or military relationship with the Qangli, but a familial one too. It was large enough that old rivalries continued in Khwarezmian service: Muhammad's mother, Terken Khatun, hated Jalal al-Din as Jalal's mother came from a lineage which was traditional rivals to her own.

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

11 ай бұрын

To be clear, there are still many Oghuz in Khwarezm by the 13th century, but the Qipchaq-Qangli elements were not only politically and militarily dominant, but also thoroughly married into all other leading parts as well. Essentially it's not "Qipchaq vs. Non-Qipchaq," but various Qipchaq factions, some of which have been intermarried longer and identify with the Khwarezmian dynasty, and others who are basically just there as mercenaries

@Spartan_Disiplin

11 ай бұрын

​@@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory Wasnt Anushtigin,founder of dynasty came from Begdili linieage of Oghuz ? At least that what Rashid al din said

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

11 ай бұрын

@@Spartan_Disiplin That is likely true, but I would have to look again at what Rashid al-Din says. It has been a long time since I read anything about Anushtegin himself There might be conflicting accounts of it; if I remember right the understanding was that Anushtegin was a ghulam in service of some emir from Gharchistan, or something to that effect; those sorts of backgrounds usually make it hard to really trace an individual's origin, especially if the main chronicles on their lives come from many decades later.

@Spartan_Disiplin

11 ай бұрын

@@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory Khwarezmians didnt haveany primary historian other than Nasawi ?

Did the Mongols employ Jin heavy cavalry at the Battle of Mohi against European knights I wonder?

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

There is no explicit mention of a Jurchen presence at Muhi, but Muhi will be dealt with in more detail in the next episode. We do know Tangut, Chinese and Khitans accompanied the Mongols on these western campaigns, though.

Sorry if this is a stupid question but if the Muslim archers shot at the Mongols dismounted wouldn't the Mongol cavalry just charged runover them? Also Isn't it fairly rare for archers to turn away a cavalry charge on its own?

@kevinmurphy5878

2 ай бұрын

Not a historian, but if I remember correctly the terrain played a factor, and it was not ideal for horses, so maybe the Mongols weren't as maneuverable as normal.

What time is it when a War elephant stomps on your army? Time to get a new Army!

Very good points and very informative video, but for the complete picture it should be noted that more than a half of the Mongol army in the Kipchak Campaign were actually Kipchaks (or Qipchaqs). Most likely the entire Khwarezmian Campaign was due to a Kipchak Civil war. Chingis Khan supported one of the warring parties. Inalchik Kair Khan, the governor of Otrar and Khwarezm Shakh's cousin, who was in the opposing camp wanted to provoke Khwarezm to fight Mongols and killed Mongol envoys thus instigating the war between Mongols and Kwarezm (Kwarezm was considered the strongest military power at that time, maybe in the world). Unfortunately for him, Kwarezm Shakh Mohammad turned out to be a very incompetent leader. Instead of engaging Mongols in open battles, he decided to hide behind city walls and divided his army into smaller garrisons spread among several cities, and Mongols dealt with them one by one. But at the end, Kipchak had their revenge on Mongols when Mamluks who were mostly Kipchaks defeated Mongols at Ain Jalut and consecutive battles. Also, Golden Horde adopted Kipchak language and Kipchak way of life.

@EchoVortex713

2 ай бұрын

Stop distorting history most of the men in Genghis Khan’s army was Mongol or closely related to mongols , no such thing as kypchak or Turks .

Tarabi revolt?

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

11 ай бұрын

A revolt in 1238-9 near Bukhara against Mongol rule. It was led by a man named Mahmud Tarabi, but crushed by the Mongols very quickly.

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Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

Yes; we know from the sources of a number of Chinese, Tangut, Khitan and others who accompanied the Mongol armies westwards, while Rus' and Qipchaq are among those who fought for them in southern China, Tibet and elsewhere.

The ghurid are still alive?? They are extinc ethnic Group from Afghanistan which language has been extinc

I wonder why the Kwarezmian Muslim sultan did not send troops to help against the European Crusaders being the most powerful Islamic ruler, wasn’t he pissed off with Jerusalem being in Christian hands?

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

Considering that Muhammad Khwarezmshah tried to attacked Baghdad only two or three years before the Mongol invasion, I would wager he was not too concerned by the status of Jerusalem. However, Khwarezmian troops did end up fighting Crusaders, at the Battle of La Forbie in 1244. These were the remnants of the forces of Jalal al-Din Mingburnu, and they basically destroyed the Kingdom of Jerusalem's ability to ever raise another army again.

I really like your videos but you need to stop saying "calvalry" and instead say "cavalry".

Please...CAV - AL - RY. Not CAL-VA-RY. I've noticed that a number of American KZreadrs speaking on military topics get this wrong. Why this vocal obsession with the site of Jesus's death? The mispronunciation is very noticeable as 'calvary' communicates such a powerful image, one which has nothing to do with mounted soldiers.

invaders fighting one another insalmist in delhi and mongol lol

In short The Mongols Technically face another Mamluks in Delhi, same breeds thar whipping their ass in Egypt

@essaadeel3676

5 ай бұрын

Khiljis weren't mamluks, delhi mamluks paid tribute to the Mongols. Egyptian mamluks were lucky that Hulagu was in Mongolia during the battle of ain jalut and that Berke Khan went to war with Hulagu otherwise they would've been crushed by Hulagu

@essaadeel3676

5 ай бұрын

Later the Mongolic Timurids destroyed the mamluks and the Delhi Sultanate

@eroktartonga4032

2 ай бұрын

@@essaadeel3676 Timur and his army was Çağatay (Chaghatai) Türk. Mongols were also not Mongol only (Moğol) but the majorty of army was Kipçak and Karluk Türk from east. Western Türks were mostly Oğuz eith minority of Kıpçak and Karluk. Osmanlı, Safevi, Eyyubi, Memlük, Çağatay, Delhi Memlükleri were all Türk origin dynasties whose armies and people were all Türks and the natives all those lands.

@eroktartonga4032

2 ай бұрын

Timur and his army was Çağatay (Chaghatai) Türk. Mongols were also not Mongol only (Moğol) but the majorty of army was Kipçak and Karluk Türk from east. Western Türks were mostly Oğuz eith minority of Kıpçak and Karluk. Osmanlı, Safevi, Eyyubi, Memlük, Çağatay, Delhi Memlükleri were all Türk origin dynasties whose armies and people were all Türks and the natives all those lands.

keep up the great work :), can you clone yourself so we can have more videos

@TheJackmeisterMongolHistory

Жыл бұрын

If only!