Martin Rees - How Vast is the Cosmos?

Everyone knows that the universe is huge, but no one could have imagined how staggeringly immense the universe, or multiple universes, may actually be. It stops your breath. How to get a measure of the size of the cosmos? What would it mean if the cosmos were literally infinite?
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Martin John Rees, Baron Rees of Ludlow is a British cosmologist and astrophysicist. He has been Astronomer Royal since 1995 and Master of Trinity College, Cambridge from 2004 to 2012. He was President of the Royal Society between 2005 and 2010.
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Closer to Truth, hosted by Robert Lawrence Kuhn and directed by Peter Getzels, presents the world’s greatest thinkers exploring humanity’s deepest questions. Discover fundamental issues of existence. Engage new and diverse ways of thinking. Appreciate intense debates. Share your own opinions. Seek your own answers.

Пікірлер: 258

  • @packetcreeper
    @packetcreeper Жыл бұрын

    I could listen to Martin Rees talk all day about the cosmos.

  • @mortalclown3812

    @mortalclown3812

    Жыл бұрын

    I could listen to him talk about a bus schedule.

  • @markfindlay8636
    @markfindlay8636 Жыл бұрын

    Martin Rees, I love listening to him.

  • @keithwalmsley1830
    @keithwalmsley1830 Жыл бұрын

    The Universe is not only stranger than we imagine it is stranger than we can imagine, as someone once said.

  • @odellcrittenden5521

    @odellcrittenden5521

    Жыл бұрын

    Agreed

  • @ForOrAgainstUs

    @ForOrAgainstUs

    Жыл бұрын

    "Queerer than we can suppose."

  • @metropolitjohn4705

    @metropolitjohn4705

    Жыл бұрын

    ⁹9o9

  • @metropolitjohn4705

    @metropolitjohn4705

    Жыл бұрын

    @@odellcrittenden5521 kjkkkkikkkpk. .. ..0009

  • @metropolitjohn4705

    @metropolitjohn4705

    Жыл бұрын

    @@odellcrittenden5521 oploklpl9kp⁰p9ñpppolipiokiiik9lolo9ol

  • @KazgarothUsher
    @KazgarothUsher Жыл бұрын

    Prof Martin Rees just oozes intelligence. High regard for his work :)

  • @michaelrichmond3315
    @michaelrichmond3315 Жыл бұрын

    Those bells in the background just gave me goosebumps

  • @deepaktripathi4417
    @deepaktripathi4417 Жыл бұрын

    Cosmology is so fascinating!

  • @peterburandt4586
    @peterburandt4586 Жыл бұрын

    "We might have something like a biological structure of the Universes which is as complicated as the biological ecosystem which we have here on Earth." Now... that is some food for thought 🙂Thank you!

  • @JackerEMPilate
    @JackerEMPilate3 ай бұрын

    This channel should have millions subscribers and viewers.

  • @opencurtin
    @opencurtin Жыл бұрын

    Every time they think they are coming close to knowing the totality of the universe they open another door into a totally different reality of thought on how things may be but thats the reality of the cosmos its a never ending maze of theories .

  • @snappycattimesten
    @snappycattimesten Жыл бұрын

    4:50 Fido here. I’m trying my best. Woof!

  • @Flowing23
    @Flowing23 Жыл бұрын

    amazing conversation

  • @steviejd5803
    @steviejd5803 Жыл бұрын

    A most excellent channel, more please.

  • @odellcrittenden5521
    @odellcrittenden5521 Жыл бұрын

    Well said, he nailed the ending 💯👌🏼

  • @mickeybrumfield764
    @mickeybrumfield764 Жыл бұрын

    With all this vastness, one can't help but wonder how there can not be other beings more advanced than ourselves.

  • @fartpooboxohyeah8611

    @fartpooboxohyeah8611

    Жыл бұрын

    Perceived vastness. Relativity being relative and all.

  • @dougaltolan3017

    @dougaltolan3017

    Жыл бұрын

    Ask a creationist about how unlikely evolution is. The "there must be others" argument us merely the inverse. We are not well equipped to comprehend the infinite, or the miniscule for that matter. I've seen the arithmetic (the Drake equation), and simply put: firstly the universe isn't that big, secondly the part of it we can experience is shrinking.

  • @psterud

    @psterud

    Жыл бұрын

    "Advanced" is a relative term. The only thing we know for sure that is more "advanced" than ourselves is the universe itself, as a whole, since it is what we came from. Any other "living thing" is going to be more advanced and less advanced at the same time, just like literally every single living thing on this planet is more advanced and less advanced than us. A worm is more advanced than us in its own ways. Same with a bacterium. There's this odd notion that there's going to be other life out there using radio to transmit prime numbers or something. That's like expecting a spider to use photosynthesis. We'll never be able to communicate with another lifeform, at least not any more than we communicate with our close relatives, like apes and cats. Evolution requires this, unfortunately. We are officially alone.

  • @dougaltolan3017

    @dougaltolan3017

    Жыл бұрын

    @@psterud The fun part is understanding how a mature environment won't develop science and technology. It's one of those developments that you don't know you don't want it until you've got it. Also there is no permanent going back on it. A society with folklore of forbidden ancient features is doomed to repeat it due to rebellious curiosity. As for transmitting primes by radio waves, that's an almost certain. Primes do not depend on any mathematical system, thsy are truly universal. Radio waves are also certain since they are effectively light which is universal and are unique in thier ability to enable communication. The only 9ther contenders are gravity waves and tachyon, both of which are prohibitively difficult to generate, modulate and receive.

  • @psterud

    @psterud

    Жыл бұрын

    @@dougaltolan3017 Spiders don't know what prime numbers or radio are.

  • @peterpipe9015
    @peterpipe9015 Жыл бұрын

    Martin rees is amazing . Super intelligent and very open minded which is refreshing

  • @johnbrzykcy3076

    @johnbrzykcy3076

    Жыл бұрын

    I'm a Christian believer and I agree with you. I'm not very familiar with Martin Rees but this short discussion was interesting. Peace

  • @djstackademikz
    @djstackademikz Жыл бұрын

    I respect him for not tryna act give his real opinion on camera he knows people are watching and nobody actually knows

  • @MFJoneser
    @MFJoneser Жыл бұрын

    Fun stuff. I love life. Much love for this!

  • @dougaltolan3017
    @dougaltolan3017 Жыл бұрын

    If you find it easier to understand something that is almost infinitely remote and untouchable than something you can hold and encompass, maybe it's your concept of understanding.

  • @richardleetbluesharmonicac7192

    @richardleetbluesharmonicac7192

    Жыл бұрын

    That’s the difference between objectivity and subjectivity. In true quantum physics objectivity is always right guaranteed after life. Subjectivity is always wrong no after life. The human brain is a finite organism that cannot comprehend infinity, divinity and eternity. Hence the big bang, which is a huge farce

  • @WilliamBrownGuitar
    @WilliamBrownGuitar Жыл бұрын

    4:50 Well my dog does understand quantum mechanics; so there!

  • @rand49er
    @rand49er Жыл бұрын

    "Evolving complexity." I like it!

  • @informedchoice2249
    @informedchoice2249 Жыл бұрын

    Surely these are clips of longer interviews. If so, where are they please?

  • @oceanpacific886
    @oceanpacific886 Жыл бұрын

    My brain melted 😮

  • @teugene5850
    @teugene5850 Жыл бұрын

    the bells ringing in the background makes me KNOW multiple realities exist....

  • @davecurry8305
    @davecurry8305 Жыл бұрын

    It is vaster than light.

  • @merlinsrobe4621
    @merlinsrobe4621 Жыл бұрын

    From the thumbnail, I just knew beyond a shadow of a doubt that this guy was English and would speak with a nasal tone of voice. Totally nailed it.

  • @micronda
    @micronda Жыл бұрын

    If you put our universe aside, what are you left with? Infinite possibilities. The concepts of maths, initial conditions and a great mind.

  • @PrinceBlake
    @PrinceBlake Жыл бұрын

    4:49 "Just as my dog can't understand Quantum Mechanics..." Cameraman eyes the dog. The dog winks.

  • @deant6361
    @deant6361 Жыл бұрын

    I love listening to space talk it the most amazing subject we can think of. Incredible 🤘🇦🇺🌌💫

  • @badactor3440

    @badactor3440

    Жыл бұрын

    Spirituality is far more amazing than space

  • @deant6361

    @deant6361

    Жыл бұрын

    @@badactor3440 hi there I love the spirituality also I find and feel spirituality when I look and think about the cosmos. Peace to you and serenity. 🌌

  • @jamesruscheinski8602
    @jamesruscheinski8602 Жыл бұрын

    does planck length no smaller than 10 power -35 mean anything whether space is infinite or finite?

  • @PrinceBlake
    @PrinceBlake Жыл бұрын

    Mrs. Kumiko Kerch's theory of a regenerative structure pervading the universe in Matthewave 935, is an idea that Martin hesitatingly embraces at the end. I predicted that certain names would rise to the fore as descriptive of the mathematics involved in the wave function. The 935 implied in Christ 935US, for instance, represents an ordering central to the core of Matthewave 935 and also it is the sum of her cross intervals. The name, Kumiko also has a soundalike in 9, 3, and 5 in Japanese through the numbers kyu-mittsu-go, i.e. 9, 3 things, and 5. I explored the numbers that bore out a 'phi' relationship when set as a fraction. I explored if any of the resulting fractions matched a popular name in their language. I found a match in Dreyfus which in Frisian sounds like Drei, meaning 3, and Fiifs meaning 5. It is also interesting to note that Dreyfus carries a meaning of 'tripod' or a pot with 3 legs or an elderly person with a cane. As such it lends itself as an answer to a slightly modified riddle of the Sphinx: Who walks on four legs in the morning, two legs in the afternoon, and three legs in the evening? Dreyfus! A typical man with a cane has five appendages: two arms, two legs, and one cane, three of which touch the ground. I concluded due to its similarity to three-fifths, and to Jesus, it is one of a shortlist of names one may reasonably predict for the name of a religious leader in this world, and even beyond.

  • @jamesruscheinski8602
    @jamesruscheinski8602 Жыл бұрын

    what is the distinction between physical nature and knowledge of physical nature?

  • @fastbow9
    @fastbow9 Жыл бұрын

    How Vast is the COSMOS? Most appropriate question, speculation about a lot of stuff is fun but the first real question is just that and must be dealt with!

  • @OBGynKenobi
    @OBGynKenobi Жыл бұрын

    Just think, there's a universe right now where you're watching this and Kuhn and Rees and both naked in the interview.

  • @youseecars
    @youseecars Жыл бұрын

    So vast it's incomprehensible by us

  • @joelmichaelson2133
    @joelmichaelson2133 Жыл бұрын

    The distance across a galaxy is in fathomable in itself.

  • @peweegangloku6428
    @peweegangloku6428 Жыл бұрын

    Yes, the guest concluded right. His prejudicial view of the cosmos is a mere speculation- not based on facts or evidence.

  • @hhpoa
    @hhpoa Жыл бұрын

    Where could I read some explanation on the proposition that he exposes from 1m48s to 2m15s (what do we know now that we didn't 10 years ago).

  • @paulmint1775
    @paulmint1775 Жыл бұрын

    ive sussed it out.. the world evolves around me :)

  • @jago76
    @jago76 Жыл бұрын

    Fascinating. I like that he admitted that it's all speculative.

  • @johnbrzykcy3076

    @johnbrzykcy3076

    Жыл бұрын

    Yes, I agree.

  • @bcam266
    @bcam266 Жыл бұрын

    Lord Martin Rees now

  • @jamesruscheinski8602
    @jamesruscheinski8602 Жыл бұрын

    if time stops at speed of light, and goes backward faster than speed of light; has any implications for space being finite or infinite?

  • @Selfmadehuman50

    @Selfmadehuman50

    Жыл бұрын

    Time wont go backward

  • @richardleetbluesharmonicac7192
    @richardleetbluesharmonicac7192 Жыл бұрын

    The universe is infinite. The Big Bang is a localized event. The Big Bang is an infinite series of events in an infinite universe. This man’s qualifications should be questioned

  • @badactor3440

    @badactor3440

    Жыл бұрын

    Infinite and timeless. Humanity is immortal. We have eternity to exist throughout infinity.

  • @whitefiddle
    @whitefiddle Жыл бұрын

    "We know its extent...to some extent." Spot on, Dr. Rees! 😂

  • @honeyhotsauce
    @honeyhotsauce Жыл бұрын

    The observable universe can be size of an atom to entire universe.

  • @scott-qk8sm
    @scott-qk8sm Жыл бұрын

    We are less than a speck of dust

  • @kallianpublico7517
    @kallianpublico751711 ай бұрын

    To a physicist when you look at the night sky you are looking at the past. The twinkling light of the "stars" may be an old episode of "Bonanza", if you wait long enough the you'll see the newer episodes where the characters are older. Is there a horizon to time beyond which the past is no longer viewable?

  • @roy8200
    @roy8200 Жыл бұрын

    I think it is always prudent to keep in mind that the universe wasn't created for humans to understand.

  • @badactor3440

    @badactor3440

    Жыл бұрын

    You're correct. It was created BY humans, to understand.

  • @clemsonalum98
    @clemsonalum98 Жыл бұрын

    Is the 14B number correct given the recent Webb observations?

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    Жыл бұрын

    We know the current estimate is only an approximation. It is possible the JWST data will prompt a revision, as has happened before, but it seems unlikely to change it drastically. If it does great, the more we know the better.

  • @deanodebo

    @deanodebo

    Жыл бұрын

    It’s a guess. No more

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    Жыл бұрын

    @@deanodebo It's an estimate based on several converging lines of measurement and reasoning.

  • @deanodebo

    @deanodebo

    Жыл бұрын

    @@simonhibbs887 Assuming all sorts of things including dark matter etc

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    Жыл бұрын

    @@deanodebo Dark matter doesn't really bear on the size of the universe, that's about the rotation of galaxies. Dark Energy does come into it, but the other way around. We infer the existence of dark energy from our measurements of the size and age of the universe, and the motion of objects in it. Basically the universe is bigger and expanding faster than we would expect, and we call the reason for that dark energy because something is pushing the galaxies apart. One of the ways we measure the size of the universe is through what we call 'standard candles'. These are particular types of stars that always have the exact same brightness and mass. If we see one of the stars in a distant galaxy, since we know how much light it is producing, we can calculate it's distance based on it's apparent brightness. there are several other techniques, and we match these up to cross check them.

  • @checkmate79
    @checkmate79 Жыл бұрын

    it seems like many of the ideas that used to be laughed at by scientists are actually being considered. ive noticed many people saying things like there could be multiple universes. the universe is everything that exists in time and space. there can't be multiple. then people say the universe might be infinite. I believe that is possible but some people also say that an infinite universe means an infinite number of us in an infinite number of situations. just because space is infinite doesn't mean that matter is infinite. space could go on forever while just one earth exists. I wonder if the science community will continue to take seriously some of these fantastic ideas or come back down to earth? pun intended :)

  • @Eric-tz3nv
    @Eric-tz3nv Жыл бұрын

    "the universe....The only thing we can know for sure" ...hmmm. Well, that phrase (and the thinking behind it) needs a good challenge.

  • @jamesruscheinski8602
    @jamesruscheinski8602 Жыл бұрын

    look for starting points and be open to new ones?

  • @christophermorgan3261
    @christophermorgan3261 Жыл бұрын

    Rees reminds me of Michael Rennie of The Day the Earth Stood Still fame.

  • @Frisbieinstein
    @Frisbieinstein Жыл бұрын

    One hundred years ago they didn't know there were other galaxies.

  • @joebloe6263
    @joebloe6263 Жыл бұрын

    And, as many a**holes as we have here on earth, there are infinitely more of them out there. What a comforting thought!!!!!

  • @ericgeorge7874
    @ericgeorge7874 Жыл бұрын

    Not including a great designer in what we are talking about is very unfortunate for the individual. All this beauty and purpose is by chance?

  • @bkhkh7285
    @bkhkh7285 Жыл бұрын

    This is the only reason i do 7/8 work every day in this grim boring live.

  • @willnzsurf
    @willnzsurf Жыл бұрын

    🌴😎💯

  • @maxpower252
    @maxpower252 Жыл бұрын

    Vast enough

  • @jeffrey3498
    @jeffrey3498 Жыл бұрын

    The universe is infinite space. To imagine that this space suddenly ends with some sort of barrier defies even common sense.

  • @DrDeuteron
    @DrDeuteron Жыл бұрын

    If dark matter had the right distribution (which it doesn't), it could be several different copies of the the standard model, interacting only gravitationally with ours, while creating its own stars and civilization, so you don't even need extra space to have "parallel" universes.

  • @richardleetbluesharmonicac7192
    @richardleetbluesharmonicac7192 Жыл бұрын

    It’s infinite. Einstein says so.

  • @stephenzhao5809
    @stephenzhao5809 Жыл бұрын

    6:57 MR: I'm reluctant to offer one but my suspicion is that our universe is much more complicated than the ideas we now have and that there will be something which is much more complicated than one big bang and almost 👍we may have some sort of biological structure of universes which is as complicated as the uh biological ecosystem which we have here on Earth that's a possibility though highly speculative. 0:16 I have to start with the universe that's the only thing we can really know for sure (? Actually what I am really sure is myself the godly soul who now is simultaneously in the bosom of God the Father and on Earth to sustain my animal soul) ... MR: the universe could extend so far that every combinatiorial option is repeated indefinitely so there other people like us sitting talking somewhere far away that's be far beyond our Horizon there could even be other universies the aftermath of other big bangs 0:55 🙏another fascinating idea is that it could be other universes other three-dimensional spaces (it is accordingly that 3d3τ as Calabi-Yau manifolds and we all are always of 6d-beings, like 3D3τ or 3d3Τ because space and time are transformable, depending on the two univeral limit speed to make them separated) separated from ours ... 0:58 1:30 indeed and in principle an infinite number there could be so there are all these ideas which involve believing that physical reality could be immensely more complex even like a biological system where each entity is like a universe or a big bang. 1:48 2:15 in fact observationally we can say that the unit or the cell in such a system would have to be essentially as big as the universe it can observe because were that not the case we'd observe evidence of the lattice structure or we would see the same cluster of galaxies over and over again 2:29 3:00 indeed the aftermath of our big bang could be infinite and even if it is it could still not be all of reality there could be the aftermath of other big bangs in some sort of idea which Andre Linde calls eternal inflation and also we have the idea that there could be extra dimensions and three-dimensional spaces like the one we are embedded in could be part of some grander scheme embedded in a higher dimensional space so all these ideas and it's all speculative at the moment but all these options are on the table and just as in the last hundred years we have moved from knowing nothing at all about our universe evolved to an idea where we all believe a great confidence it started off in a hot dense state nearly 14 billion years ago then I hope 3:45

  • @brothermine2292
    @brothermine2292 Жыл бұрын

    How surprising that Kuhn would claim at 0:13 that "the universe is the only thing we can really know for sure." How could he forget Descartes' "cogito ergo sum" or the solipsism and Boltzmann brain hypotheses?

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    Жыл бұрын

    We are part of the universe so the first question is just a subset. But the Boltzmann's brain hypothesis is not guaranteed to be a real problem. Firstly we don't know that the universe is infinite, and even in an infinite universe it's not guaranteed that all possible outcomes would occur. there are constraints such as physical laws, the initial conditions of the universe, etc that put constraints on the possible outcomes and may prohibit the formation of a Bolzmann's brain. Also even within it's own terms the evidence of our senses suggests the hypothesis must be incorrect. The number of partial, broken, incoherent and insane Bolzmann's brains would vastly exceed the number of coherent ones by a near infinite ratio, and would be the expected experience. So since that's not our experience the hypothesis seems commensurately unlikely to be true.

  • @deanodebo

    @deanodebo

    Жыл бұрын

    You misunderstand Descartes and you’ve clearly not read critiques

  • @0-by-1_Publishing_LLC

    @0-by-1_Publishing_LLC

    Жыл бұрын

    @@deanodebo *"You misunderstand Descartes and you’ve clearly not read critiques"* ... No, he doesn't. Hibbs is correct. Descartes "cogito ergo sum" axiomatically affirms one's own existence ... which was his quest!

  • @brothermine2292

    @brothermine2292

    Жыл бұрын

    @@simonhibbs887 : Kuhn said we know about the universe "for sure," which implies he thinks Boltzmann brain has zero chance of being correct, not the "unlikely" that you argued. And he said he chooses the universe as his starting point, not the "cogito ergo sum" subset of the universe. Descartes argued that the only thing he knew for sure is that the mind that does his thinking existed and had doubt about the existence of anything else. I don't think anyone has been able to refute Descartes' argument, which runs counter to Kuhn's claim of certainty about the universe. (However, I think Descartes'' sentence can be expressed more accurately as "I experience, therefore the experiencer exists." This formulation allows for the possibility that thinking is a deterministic brain process while consciousness is a passive, helpless experiencer of some brain activities.)

  • @brothermine2292

    @brothermine2292

    Жыл бұрын

    @@deanodebo : In what way does my comment imply I misunderstand Descartes? As for critiques of Descartes, I've read some of them... you ought to specify which critique(s) you think is(are) relevant here.

  • @tomnoyb8301
    @tomnoyb8301 Жыл бұрын

    "How vast?" An excellent list of notions, however science is teaching Big-Bang, flat universe, etc, and funding certain theories in favor of others. More importantly, General-Relativity excludes the possibility of 96Blyr-universe and bounds it to 13Blyrs. However universe is surely even smaller than that, if as BB purports, the initial spark arose not from a point, but from homogeneity?

  • @dave929
    @dave929 Жыл бұрын

    There was a joke years ago. Our universe is in a jar sitting on a shelf in an alien’s science lab with a C- grade on it.

  • @douglinze4177
    @douglinze4177 Жыл бұрын

    Vortex math Toroids nest information as “nodes”… Quantum SONOLUMINESCENCE…

  • @MichaelDembinski
    @MichaelDembinski Жыл бұрын

    "What's your prejudice?" "My instinct [insert fascinating concept here] is highly speculative" Brilliant - this is now great science/philosophy discussions should look!!

  • @minyoisacika8415
    @minyoisacika8415 Жыл бұрын

    We basically have no idea. All of this is conjecture. It's all guess work

  • @jamesruscheinski8602
    @jamesruscheinski8602 Жыл бұрын

    an infinite expansion of space would go infinitely back in the past? any expansion of space beyond 13.8 billion years would go back before big bang?

  • @sirbarringtonwomblembe4098
    @sirbarringtonwomblembe4098 Жыл бұрын

    4:08 on. Will someone tell Quasimodo to shut the .... up! I thought his face rang a bell!

  • @worldofbachman
    @worldofbachman Жыл бұрын

    The question I'm fascinated to know the answer to is 'how do you feel about the likelihood that you may not live to see these questions answered?'

  • @johnbrzykcy3076

    @johnbrzykcy3076

    Жыл бұрын

    I think it depends on how we view the possibility of an afterlife. Maybe the answers don't always come to us during our earthly life. Hope you don't mind my speculation.

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    Жыл бұрын

    Personally, our understanding of the universe has changed a lot through my lifetime, which is 5 decades now. We've learned an incredible amount. I can't reasonably expect answers to every last question in my lifetime, but I feel very privileged to have lived in this era of enormous change and discovery.

  • @1SpudderR

    @1SpudderR

    Жыл бұрын

    Just contemplate “The Subconscious”.... Is it Yours? Or Universal..... Because everybody is controlled by it....But, is it Yours? Or Unlimited!? Whether you do or Don’t... The questions will still be there, as in the last 13,000,000,000 years or so...."plenty of time to come back then”!?

  • @ashrafjehangirqazi1497
    @ashrafjehangirqazi1497 Жыл бұрын

    Martin Reese reminds me of Bertrand Russell - simply incapable of taking himself too seriously while discussing matters that are seriously important and interesting. How big can the universe possibly be? is another way of asking whether the universe is a whole and whether it can have an end or edge or shape or an infinite series of infinities at which point it becomes conceptually uninteresting.

  • @joshkeeling82
    @joshkeeling82 Жыл бұрын

    The universe must be infinite in both time and space. How could space ever end? If a boundary existed, what would happen if you tried to travel beyond that boundary ? Would it be a solid thing? If so, that solid thing must be infinite beyond the boundary of space. Let's say space has a boundary. Let's say space and matter/energy exist within bound, in the shape of a box or basketball ball. It would be very strange if the universe,.space, galaxies, matter/energy exists within a tiny bit of space, with morning else beyond a boundary. The universe has to be infinite. Had to be.

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    Жыл бұрын

    The theory is that space has a curvature, so that it loops back on itself. This is like the surface of a balloon. To a tiny creature on a large balloon it seems flat, but if it crawls far enough it will come back to where it started. We know from Einstein that space does have local curvature due to gravity, so if the overall curvature is high enough then the universe could be finite and loop back on itself over hundreds of billions, or trillions of lightyears.

  • @jago76

    @jago76

    Жыл бұрын

    @@simonhibbs887 So if it has a shape, like a ballon, what is outside of the surface of the ballon? To me, the concepts of a finite universe and an infinite universe are equally incomprehensible.

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    Жыл бұрын

    @@jago76 If the balloon were a two dimensional universe there wouldn't be an outside. Similarly mathematically we can describe a curved three dimensional physical spacetime that bends back on itself without extending into a fourth physical dimension. You're right, we're not psychologically equipped to easily imagine such things, but unfortunately there's no law that says that the universe must be easy for us to understand.

  • @Kenneth-ts7bp

    @Kenneth-ts7bp

    Жыл бұрын

    The Bible has to be true; it just has to be.

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Kenneth-ts7bp I'm not going to try to persuade you otherwise. There are plenty of people on youtube and elsewhere who can provide arguments in either direction. I'm an atheist but that's just my opinion. What I will say is that there are plenty of Christians who believe in god but subscribe to an allegorical interpretation of the Bible. You don't have to think the Bible has to be word for word literally true to be a Christian. In fact that has been the established view in Christian theology for well over a thousand years. I'm sure you can find resources on this online. You may not be Catholic, but the Catholic church, and many protestant theologians and teachers as well, say that the theory of evolution is completely compatible with Christianity. After all if that's the way god created the Universe, that's up to him. Like I said, I'm not a Christian and I'm not trying to sell you anything. I just hope that might give you some options on ways to think about these things. Best regards.

  • @brothermine2292
    @brothermine2292 Жыл бұрын

    It's sad that Kuhn didn't ask the obvious follow-up question at the end, after Rees speculated that the universe is probably much more complex than we currently think. The obvious follow-up question is "why do you think that's probable?"

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    Жыл бұрын

    He didn't say it was probable, he said it's his suspicion, and also said he thinks it's foolish to have strong prejudices on the issue.

  • @brothermine2292

    @brothermine2292

    Жыл бұрын

    @@simonhibbs887 : My intepretation of his "suspicion" may differ from yours. But even if Rees only meant a small nonzero probability, that only means the follow-up question should be "why do you suspect that's true?"

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    Жыл бұрын

    @@brothermine2292 He was asked to make a guess and he made one. He went to great lengths to make it clear he doesn't know for sure.

  • @brothermine2292

    @brothermine2292

    Жыл бұрын

    @@simonhibbs887 : Statements are worth very little when unaccompanied by the reasoning behind them. This is why it's important to ask follow-up questions.

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    Жыл бұрын

    @@brothermine2292 That's fair enough, but they had already discussed that there are many theories that each imply a vastly more extensive and complex universe than we can directly observe. All Rees was really saying is that he suspects one of these might be correct. In fact they don't all even contradict each other, so it could be that several are correct.

  • @drhfuhruhurr4253
    @drhfuhruhurr4253 Жыл бұрын

    My dog understands quantum mechanics!

  • @ogedeh
    @ogedeh Жыл бұрын

    I could tell by the thumbnail how this guy was gonna pronounce "cosmos"

  • @ftumschk

    @ftumschk

    Жыл бұрын

    Rees pronounces it the right way. The Greek word "kosmos" has two omicrons or "short o's" - as in "mop/rob" - and there are no "long o's" - as in "mope/robe" - in the word at all. The US pronunciation "kosmowce" is thus incorrect and, for the same reason, US pronunciation of words like kudos, mythos and Thanos as "kudowce", "mythowce" and "Thanowce" are incorrect, too.

  • @ogedeh

    @ogedeh

    Жыл бұрын

    @@ftumschk I like trivia

  • @alex79suited
    @alex79suited Жыл бұрын

    We should be so egotistical to think every other galaxies life looks like ours. They may look different use different methods but they will be made through the same process, it's not about being lucky the predictably or prediction will be sound. There could be several civilizations in our galaxy if there was another civilization on the otherside of the milkyway we could never detect them with our methods. Even a neighboring star system because of the EMFS may not be detectable with our methods. We should look for single star systems, why because we have observable evidence for life. If you look at our planets what do you see? I see a second star that never got formed, due to planetary building because the system were in has rocky cores. It's down to materials available at our systems birth. The rocky cores turned out to be great for collecting gases as we can see. Otherwise this would be a 2 star system and I'm not confident life would have appeared. This is where after 3rd generation stars the randomness comes in. Different areas will produce different versions of life and this is ours. Every galaxy should produce life. It's hardwired into the blacksphere at its birth.

  • @tekannon7803
    @tekannon7803 Жыл бұрын

    Dr Khune and Dr Rees, I have had something going on in my mind about the universe and I would like to share it with you and your viewers. Nature does not make mistakes and I believe it would be a massive mistake to have a universe where one could not be able to go from here to anywhere and back----but not in millions of light years rather in minutes or days. What am I saying? It makes no sense that nature would design something like a universe that one could not travel the length of or a place not being able to be reached except traveling millions upon millions of lightyears to arrive at a destination. Nature does everything to the exact proportion it needs to function; all parts of everything in a cell for example are accessible by other parts of a cell. A leaf is paper thin in most cases because it does not need to be any thicker. There is one reason I am saying this and that is that if UFOs exist; if they are real and I have never seen one, but I believe many of the testimonies of people who say they have, then they come from the stars. Boys and girls, there is a big problem because if UFOs do exist then how on Earth---pun intended---are they getting here? We would see them coming across space if they flew in from, say, Jupiter. They have to be using some sort of passageways, wormholes that we cannot see... yet.

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    Жыл бұрын

    "It makes no sense that nature would design something like a universe that one could not travel the length of or a place not being able to be reached" I don't see why that we should expect that. Nature doesn't care about our likes or preferences, or even our needs. As for UFOs, we know for a fact from detailed research that humans are terribly unreliably observers. We report seeing things that aren't there, miss things that should be obvious, imagine memories of events that never happened, or THAT provably happened differently to what we remember. There's been plenty of research on this. We also know for a fact that this can even happen to highly trained professional observers. That's how blue-on-blue incidents and navy collisions and accidents happen even for elite trained personnel. Therefore we would expect there to be a certain level of report of unexplained, strange or impossible seeming events. They are inevitable. So the question is, do we get significantly more such reports than we would expect to get anyway? And what are the chances that these are just the expected level of erroneous reports, or actually space aliens?

  • @tekannon7803

    @tekannon7803

    Жыл бұрын

    @@simonhibbs887 GGGGGGGGGGGGreat to hear from you. The plain simple truth of the matter is that you hold all the cards. All of us with our conspiracy theories are holding bags of hot air we wish were proof of what we believe but cannot prove. I try my best to stay open minded. Here is my research on The Great Pyramid of Giza which was built in 2,300 BCE, at the same time writing was invented. 1. It is 3/60th of a single degree of true north 2. It weighs 6 million tons 3. Its footprint is 13 acres 4. It is more than 755.9 feet along each side 5. It is 146.75 meters high 6. It has more than 2.3 million individual blocks of stone 7. It is locked into the Cardinal dimensions of our planet; The dimensions of the Earth are incorporated into its dimensions. 8. If you take the height and multiply it by 43,200 you get the polar radius of the Earth 9. If you measure the base perimeter of the pyramid accurately and multiply that measurement by 43,200 you get the equatorial circumference of the Earth 10. The scale is not random, the number 43,200 is derived from a key motion of the Earth, which is called the precession of the Earth’s axis 11. The Earth wobbles on its axis very slowly at the rate of 1 degree every 72 years; 43,200 is a multiple of 72; 600 X 72 12. So; they’ve given us the dimensions of the planet in The Great Pyramid of Giza on a scale defined by the planet itself 13. There are several 70-ton blocks of stone raised 300 feet above the ground 14. It has eight sides, and at the spring equinox and the autumn equinox one side of the pyramid is in the shade in the morning and again in the late afternoon and can only be seen from the air-as far as my research has shown. 15. It is a calendar 16. It has expansion joints 17. It is located at the exact intersection of the longest line of latitude and the longest line of longitude of the Earth, in other words The Great Pyramid is located at the precise center of the Earth’s land mass. 18. The builders possessed highly sophisticated knowledge of mathematics and geometry 19. The builders had knowledge of the true dimensions of the Earth to extreme precision 20. The builders possessed exceptionally advanced technical instrumentation to site The Great Pyramid 21. Pi = C over D Phi = Divided by 5 + 1 over 2. Archimedes discovered Pi about 250 BC, but Egyptians knew of it 2,250 years earlier 22. The Great Pyramid is 146.75 m high, its height X a million equals the distance from the Earth to the sun 23. If you subtract the inner circle from the outer circle of the circumference of The Great Pyramid, you get the speed of light in meters to four decimal points: 299,792,458 meters per second 24. The weight of The Great Pyramid is 5,273, 000 tons and that multiplied by a billion is the weight of the Earth 25. If you divide the perimeter of The Great Pyramid by ½ its height, the result is 3.14 = Pi 26. The three inner rooms; the king’s chamber, the queen’s chamber and the unfinished chamber under the pyramid are proportional to the distances between Mercury, Venus and the Earth. 27. The distance from The Great Pyramid to the North Pole is the same as the distance from The Great Pyramid to the center of the Earth. 28. The height of The Great Pyramid 146.75 m X 1 million = the distance from the Earth to the sun. 29. The weight of The Great Pyramid 5,273, 000 tons X 1 billion = the weight of the Earth. 30. If you divide the perimeter of the pyramid by 1/2 its height the result is 3.14 pi h/2 = pi These are of course mere coincidences that happen by chance... 31. The base side length is 364.242 which is exactly the time in days it takes for the earth to orbit the sun. 32. The high chamber is built on a double square, which leads us to the golden ratio geometry 33. Pyramids in China, Mexico and Egypt align with the Orion star system

  • @johnbrzykcy3076

    @johnbrzykcy3076

    Жыл бұрын

    I like your observations and I think your imagination is great. The only thing I'd like to add is that I don't think nature itself can design anything. But maybe it can if nature was created by a Creator. But that's a totally different subject, at least in the context of this discussion by Kuhn and Dr Rees. Peace

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    Жыл бұрын

    @@johnbrzykcy3076 It depends what we mean by design. We know, have observed and experimentally verified that natural selection and evolution can engineer and optimise sophisticated systems.

  • @johnbrzykcy3076

    @johnbrzykcy3076

    Жыл бұрын

    ​@@simonhibbs887 Thanks for the clarification. I wasn't aware of the current state of knowledge regarding evolution. So do you prefer to think that the Cosmos itself was designed to evolve? I'm not scientifically minded but I do appreciate scientific endeavors.

  • @Allen-eq5uf
    @Allen-eq5uf Жыл бұрын

    Mankind is equally incapable of understanding the nothingness that he has emerged from as the vastness that he is engulfed in. We live in a mystical universe.

  • @MrBILLSTANLEY
    @MrBILLSTANLEY Жыл бұрын

    Just say it. Multiverse means Infiniti.

  • @senthilveeran1723
    @senthilveeran1723 Жыл бұрын

    First view

  • @TheUltimateSeeds
    @TheUltimateSeeds Жыл бұрын

    I suggest that we try not to be overwhelmed by the size of the universe, because, in a certain sense, our own minds are just as "infinite" as we imagine the universe to be (neither of which are actually infinite). Materialism will never be able to answer the ultimate questions.

  • @johnbrzykcy3076

    @johnbrzykcy3076

    Жыл бұрын

    I tend to agree with you. Thanks.

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    Жыл бұрын

    Most likely the ultimate questions will never be completely answered. We'll probably have to just make do with what we can figure out.

  • @kos-mos1127

    @kos-mos1127

    Жыл бұрын

    There is no philosophical position that can answer the ultimate questions.

  • @1SpudderR
    @1SpudderR Жыл бұрын

    Makes you wonder why we are concerned about energy!? When it appears Unlimited and self reproducing?

  • @simonhibbs887

    @simonhibbs887

    Жыл бұрын

    There's plenty of energy in the universe, the problem is getting enough of it for our needs here and now.

  • @Novastar.SaberCombat
    @Novastar.SaberCombat Жыл бұрын

    "Reflection is key to unlock mysterious secrets which lie far beyond the dark veil." -- Artemis 🐲✨🐲✨🐲✨ "Before I start, I must see my end. Destination known, my mind’s journey now begins. Upon my chariot, heart and soul’s fate revealed. In time, all points converge, hope’s strength re-steeled. But to earn final peace at the universe’s endless refrain, We must see all in nothingness... before we start again." 🐲✨🐲✨🐲✨ --Diamond Dragons (series)

  • @todd4956
    @todd4956 Жыл бұрын

    I used to have a lot of respect for Kuhn but the more I listen the more I perceive his deception. He started by saying with must not start with Philosophy or Theology but "what we know exists namely the universe". His host then immediately flies into a philosophical diatribe postulating other dimensions, possible universes, and other Big Bangs. Kuhn is a metaphysical realist and begs the question of his own realism as though the position is a given. Well Mr. Kuhn, Quantum Mechanics has pretty much destroyed the idea of Materialism/Realism. QM reveals that the physical universe itself has a metaphysical substrate. And if Kuhn actually understood metaphysics he would know that one cannot even prove the reality of one's own conscious metaphysical experience of being human in the world. And if one cannot prove the reality of one's own consciousness, on what grounds do you get to presuppose the reality of the physical universe?

  • @kos-mos1127

    @kos-mos1127

    Жыл бұрын

    Quantum Mechanics does not destroy materialism or say that the universe has a metaphysical substrate. What quantum mechanics says is space and time does not exists. The idea of separate and distinct objects is an illusion.

  • @indigatorveritatis219
    @indigatorveritatis219 Жыл бұрын

    Imagine there was never any life of any kind. Just the stuff. Seems a bummer

  • @coringavinte5105
    @coringavinte5105 Жыл бұрын

    even if the universe is infinite, its not possible to exist another person just like you, because of the uncertain principle, each person is unique

  • @RichardLaurence

    @RichardLaurence

    Жыл бұрын

    Even if the universe is infinite?

  • @brothermine2292

    @brothermine2292

    Жыл бұрын

    I don't think the Heisenberg uncertainty principle implies uniqueness. But it does imply we wouldn't be able to identify which of the huge (infinite?) number of copies of a person are exact copies. The probability that a randomly selected copy is an exact copy would be tiny but non-zero. Given an infinite number of copies, the probability that at least one of them is an exact copy would be so close to 1 that it's effectively 1. (Just as 1 divided by infinity is effectively zero.)

  • @coringavinte5105

    @coringavinte5105

    Жыл бұрын

    @@RichardLaurence yes even if the universe is infinite, it's impossible to exist two people that are the same, because on the molecular level, there is the uncertain principle

  • @coringavinte5105

    @coringavinte5105

    Жыл бұрын

    ​@@brothermine2292 if you admit that is not possible to measure it, then how can you say that it can exist?

  • @0-by-1_Publishing_LLC

    @0-by-1_Publishing_LLC

    Жыл бұрын

    @@brothermine2292 *"But it does imply we wouldn't be able to identify which of the huge (infinite?) number of copies of a person are exact copies"* ... You got all of that from Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle? That formula deals with particle-wave duality, position, and momentum. What does that have to do with identifying the number of exact clones within a supposed "infinite universe?"

  • @notanemoprog
    @notanemoprog Жыл бұрын

    It's pretty, pretty, pretty, pretty vast

  • @patrickirwin3662
    @patrickirwin3662 Жыл бұрын

    "I can't start with philosophy or theology, I must start with the Universe, what we really know." They the proceed to discuss everything they don't know about the Universe which is almost everything. I would start with philosophy, guys. You don't know jack about the Universe. (That's philosophy.)

  • @murg27
    @murg27 Жыл бұрын

    It is very unfortunate that people who are supposed to be knowledgeable talk about "in all 14 billion years, only in 200yrs of Human history we have come so far in understanding" What he doesn't seem to know is that - There is a civilization which studied and understood the cosmos far better than the current breed of scientists - because they were not limited by their physical abilities.

  • @shiddy.
    @shiddy. Жыл бұрын

    hurry, the universe is coming

  • @joeyburrell3207
    @joeyburrell3207 Жыл бұрын

    “ could just send you into convulsions”:😂 good one Robert👍. Or give one an aneurysm. 😳

  • @psterud
    @psterud Жыл бұрын

    It seems to me that our universe is fractal (fractalline?). There really is no proper scale. Sure, there's the Planck length and all that, but nothing ever gets to that point. Existence at slightly above Planck length is still massive (macro) to a hypothetical observer existing in that scale, in the exact same way that everything appears astronomically vast to us at this particular scale. All this stuff is cyclical, lives and dies, then lives again, then dies again, and so on, eternally. Scale is a useless measurement because scale is relative to an observer (similar to velocity). We all intuited this the first time we got high and talked about how the universe could be a drop of water. And we intuited it because the universe gave birth to us, and we've been here, in one form or another, the entire time. Is this helpful at all? Absolutely not, not in a way that science finds satisfactory. I'm just sayin'.

  • @andreasplosky8516
    @andreasplosky8516 Жыл бұрын

    "How vast is the Cosmos?" I think, it is almost 68 vast, or perhaps even 69.

  • @S3RAVA3LM
    @S3RAVA3LM Жыл бұрын

    Folks!! 3:55 and 3:30 should alert you. These two men here, they're NOT your friend.

  • @deanodebo

    @deanodebo

    Жыл бұрын

    I can see something there. But can you elaborate?

  • @S3RAVA3LM

    @S3RAVA3LM

    Жыл бұрын

    ​@@deanodebo we're being reformed today. Young people with poor fund of Knowledge or those whom are unscrupulous will hear such heresy as such, will be impressed into their minds, as a truth. They'll believe that we come from cave men whom were as intellectually declined as animals. Robert will have you believe that technological advancement is the criterion for 'accomishment' or success. It is not. Nor have we come to understand the cosmos like our ancestors had. Why these men today lie requires no questions, the fact is they are lying. It is a form of aggressions, an assailable form of subversion - subversion the greatest war tactic(pretend to be your friend while whitewashing your mind). Just because one starts a business doesn't merit the right to impress ideas or concepts into a man's mind. If somebody has a following, and is influential, it is their duty to be servitors to such following and not to convolute minda more than they were prior to such indoxtrination.

  • @kos-mos1127

    @kos-mos1127

    Жыл бұрын

    They are not here to validate our personal biases.

  • @S3RAVA3LM

    @S3RAVA3LM

    Жыл бұрын

    ​@KOS - MOS quantum, string theory, curved space time, elctrons, and photons are PERSONAL BIAS. It is a personal assailiable attack when you INTENTIONALLY thwart and whitewash people's minds

  • @S3RAVA3LM

    @S3RAVA3LM

    Жыл бұрын

    ​@@kos-mos1127 pseudoscience is personal bias. They are evil people. They are evil people. Everything they say is trash. They are spiritually dead. Clueless. They have no REASON, logic, grounds etc. You are a fool.

  • @Psalm1101
    @Psalm1101 Жыл бұрын

    Yes but we need evidence from science and repeated otherwise all is theory even fiction

  • @Renaultforum
    @Renaultforum Жыл бұрын

    So stupid Question. Of cource it´s infinite. The nothingness has no boundries. If there´s an ultimate wall, what´s behind it? There´s no end to it. Accept it. The mystery is total. But we can get glimpses of the grandeur i awe. Sciance is an ungoing probing into the mystery to know each our others and the world.

  • @samc6231
    @samc6231 Жыл бұрын

    My guess is vast enough to quarantine all of Dr God's petri dishes from each other

  • @jhaduvala
    @jhaduvala Жыл бұрын

    "It's ALL speculative at the moment." Blah blah blah.

  • @0-by-1_Publishing_LLC
    @0-by-1_Publishing_LLC Жыл бұрын

    In every situation where we encounter an unknown distance, that distance is later determined to be finite, yet for some reason everyone wants to argue the universe is infinite just because it presents an unknown distance. ... So many logical problems emerge the instant you shout *"It must be infinite!"*

  • @kos-mos1127

    @kos-mos1127

    Жыл бұрын

    The Universe must be infinite because there is nothing to bound the universe. Space and time are not things they are mental constructs created by the brain to organize the world. Infinite and finite are categories that do not apply to the universe.

  • @0-by-1_Publishing_LLC

    @0-by-1_Publishing_LLC

    Жыл бұрын

    @@kos-mos1127 First you wrote: *"The Universe must be infinite because there is nothing to bound the universe."* Then you wrote: *"Infinite and finite are categories that do not apply to the universe."* ... Which is it? Does "infinite" apply to the universe or not?

  • @kos-mos1127

    @kos-mos1127

    Жыл бұрын

    @@0-by-1_Publishing_LLC Infinite and finite are categories that do not apply to the universe.

  • @0-by-1_Publishing_LLC

    @0-by-1_Publishing_LLC

    Жыл бұрын

    @@kos-mos1127 *"Infinite and finite are categories that do not apply to the universe."* ... Well, everything we observe is either *infinite* or *finite,* (Numbers and biological life, respectively) so is there a 3rd category made specially for the universe?