“Every model is wrong, but some are useful” is one of my all time favorite sayings. I model various systems for work whether that’s logistics, commodity movements/prices, or industrial chemical processes (ChE by degree). Every single model is wrong in some way (ESPECIALLY if using some sort of machine learning) but they all get the job done just fine.

@skydivenext

3 ай бұрын

Y

@skydivenext

3 ай бұрын

Ew a ChE degree the egos is smelly in here

@Ryush806

3 ай бұрын

@@skydivenext you have a problem with my degree?

@Britishfurryrectifiersucker

3 ай бұрын

⁠​⁠@@Ryush806I would expect a fellow engineer to be of a higher level than engaging in fights in a KZread comments section. It’s the epitome of immaturity I would only expect from an under sixteen year old to present. And you give both chemical engineering and yourself a bad name.

@Ryush806

3 ай бұрын

@@Britishfurryrectifiersucker I was asking if the problem was my degree specifically or something else I said that engendered the ad hominem attack. Not sure how that was read as engaging in a fight unless you’re constantly looking for one.

I'll take a wild guess, but in 2 months some madman is playing Doom on this thing.

@NandoP07

3 ай бұрын

I'm more than sure that it can run it

@vibaj16

3 ай бұрын

unfortunately I think circuits that large would have so much resistance that the strength of the chains would become a bottleneck (a battery strong enough to power the circuit would just break the chains)

@Temperans

3 ай бұрын

​@@vibaj16alternatively you would need so many of these cirquits that you would just be making a room sized computer

@unicod3r

3 ай бұрын

Making a CPU out of chains is extremely hard. Not only the resistance will be so high that you would need to apply an insane amount of force (probably more than the chain can handle), but it's also likely to be larger than 50 average rooms. yeah, processors are giant if we go to the macro level

@unicod3r

3 ай бұрын

Oh, also inertia of the chain wouldn't allow it to run anywhere near DOOM's minimal processor frequency requirements.

Mind blowing fact : While he was fiddling with Maxwell's equations, J. H. Poynting showed that in an electric circuit, the energy is conveyed ***outside*** the wire. The wire only acts as a "road" guiding the energy form the battery to the load. The EM activity (E & B fields) is maximal outside the wire. The only energy appearing inside the wire is waste heat. This irrefutable fact collides head-on with most of our analogies about electricity (edit : for practical purposes, the chain analogy used by Action Lab is indeed possibly the best analogy available (far better than electron being "small marbles of matter" endowed with kinetic energy) , and the Spintronic toys are great and fantastic way to "grasp" electricity- I wholeheartedly recommend them. We must just remember that reality is even more mysterious- as the energy seems to travel in what we call a "vacuum")

@codetech5598

3 ай бұрын

Since it is obvious that the magnetic field is outside the wire, it should be expected that the electric field is also outside. C P Steinmetz made that point also.

@indianhistorybuff

3 ай бұрын

There was a veritasium video on it too with some controversy as well

@MitzvosGolem1

3 ай бұрын

Skin effect.

@jamesclerkmaxwell8020

3 ай бұрын

@@MitzvosGolem1 This is not skin effect. Skin effect happens only in AC. The Poynting vector shows that energy travels outside the wire both in DC and AC scenarios

@AbhishekKumar-el7vo

3 ай бұрын

It is well known fact but that energy releases itself in the electrical load only by accelerating the mobile charges in the load. Even the setting up and propagation of those fields are dependent and closely linked to the moving charges in the conductor. Veritasium's video on the topic has a little fact laced in a lot of inaccurate and wrong reasons and examples wrapped around it.

Waiting to see @Electroboom experimenting with Spintronics and getting shocked by it.

@georgesmith4768

3 ай бұрын

Static electricity is no joke! Just ask a van der graph generator

@Comrade_YG

3 ай бұрын

@@georgesmith4768mr boom has already made videos about van de graph and even made one him self

@mgancarzjr

3 ай бұрын

I'm imagining small circular saws and tens of thousands of spin volts. Horrors beyond our comprehension.

@prajwaljarali

3 ай бұрын

@@mgancarzjr that's too bad.

@ghyslainabel

3 ай бұрын

I am sure he can find a way to shock himself with it.

I have this set & the extensions and I confirm it's super fun to build and operate those circuits! Oh, and it's actually humbling to realize how easy it is to just "burn" a circuit by designing one that when switched on just destroys itself because you forgot to add resistance on every path and it short circuits dumping all energy at once :)

@TheActionLab

3 ай бұрын

haha, yes, I did it multiple times accidentally, and it is quite surprising. Luckily they have the breaker inside the "battery"

@cosmosgames3202

3 ай бұрын

No​@@RepentandbelieveinJesusChrist5

@8bitarmory846

3 ай бұрын

@@RepentandbelieveinJesusChrist5 take your spam somewhere else

Working in the medical engineering field for many years, there were many devices that stand out. The Monaghan 225 ventilator was a fluidics only ventilator. Absolutely no electronics. The internal modules were the sensors and various logic devices, all powered by air and O2. It would not be affected by EMF.

It's come full circle! I'm so old I was taught multivibrators using transistors as switches before CPUs existed. Bi- and monostable versions. The base level circuits logic gates are based on. I learned as they were put together on chips. 555, ... I literally designed those gates to a component level and board design. But once it got to hundreds and then thousands of them on a CPU chip, I decided to just sell the stuff instead! 🙂 But to see mechanical devices in place of those simple transistor circuits is going full circle back for me. And glad you gave an h/t to Veritasium's video that started a long, long, long... 🙂

@StopItGarrison

3 ай бұрын

Old!

@glenncurry3041

3 ай бұрын

@@StopItGarrison And experienced. 🙂

i think the title should be "Making Computer Logic With Non-Electric Circuits"

I remember being fascinated about Charles Babbage who made a mechanical computer back in the 1800s. A full scale one was actually built and it works!

What a fantastic visual. As an electronics instructor this would be a great tool. Thanks for sharing

@protoborg

3 ай бұрын

Nope. This gives a completely incorrect impression of how logic and circuitry works. I hope you are never stupid enough to use this teach.

Circuits have always been a mystery to me. It's great how simply you explained it here. 👍👍👍👍

We need even more videos about this. I first saw this product on Steve Mould, but I always wanted expansion on the topic. I like your use of the blue links in the chain. Truth tables are also a neat feature to show. I love how using real physical analogies can explain very low level computing. We often forget that the word Computer = a device that can compute logic through gates exactly like this.

This is really cool. What a great way to teach people how to understand electronics. So cool to actually visualise it like that. I will definitely be buying one of their products.

The real surprising thing about this video is the amount of times i had to pause to understand what was going in ;D

Man… felt like you read ma mind when you mentioned Veritasium haha. But its great that you highlighted that, its always amazing to see fellows respect and value each other opinion, and helps us little nerds keep the wires connected properly in our brains 😂

Wise words at the end. That video by Veritasium really made me rethink electricity but it's so useful to have a good intuitive analog

I think I might have to buy this set at some point. Clockwork stuff makes me go feral. To see such a magnificent series of cogs and gears running wild to achieve a singular purpose is just blissful.

FANTASTIC demonstration.

I suspect the really hard part of building a computer this way, aside from cost & labor, would be timing. As folks who've worked with FPGAs know, things go very wrong if you can't predict the delays for signals to get from one point in the circuit to another. With mechanical backlash that seems like it becomes a lot harder.

@CuulX

3 ай бұрын

Yes and no. You can just assume more delays and wait for those longer, slowing down your computation until it is reliable.

Back in the sixties, I was given a toy computer that you assembled called Digicomp. It was plastic gears and metal poles to hold it together. The idea was based on the first large main frame computers and you would input switches, turn the gears and an answer would crank out.

@kindlin

3 ай бұрын

That sounds ridiculous and I love it.

@protoborg

3 ай бұрын

@@kindlinIt sounds ridiculously stupid.

@freetolook3727

3 ай бұрын

Ridiculous but absolutely true!. I wish I still had it. I think the reasoning was based on the Babbit computing system only in miniature. I sort of got it to work. The problem was I was only eleven, had no idea how it was supposed to be assembled despite the instructions, no idea what the purpose was and absolutely no help. It would be a collectors item now!

@Toobula

3 ай бұрын

I had one, but it was never quite clear to me how it worked.

Thanks for your video. 40 years ago I built logic circuits with air at Festo Pneumatic. Now almost all of that has been replaced by the PLC. It is still used in potentially explosive atmospheres.

this video just made my day

best way to understand electrical engineering for mechanical students

It just destroyed my mind, sir I really request you if you can make a full set explanation video about it. I really want to know but i don't think anything will be equal to your beautiful explanation

In a given subject, an individual's expertise should be measured by their ability to communicate it easily, simply, and clearly. Regardless of the theory we teach, without imparting this skill, understanding remains elusive. I applaud this sentiment and the type of explanation.

SpinTronics and Turing Tumble are two of my all time favorite learning games.

This was the first time I've heard this explanation, and whilst I can appreciate it's wrongness, it has helped clarify my mental model of electronics somewhat.

Funny thing is spintronic sometimes used to describe electric phenomenon which can be modified by spin manipulation. Example by changing electron spin you can change the circuit resistance.

I have a hypothesis: The magnetic field around wires in spintronics is represented by centrifugal force

@puskajussi37

3 ай бұрын

How so?

@user-by2io7zv2t

3 ай бұрын

@@puskajussi37 inductor in electronics creates a magnetic field, and an inductor in spintronics uses centrifugal force to create inertia.

@puskajussi37

3 ай бұрын

@@user-by2io7zv2t Centrifugal force is not really at play here, self-inductance is just represented by the linear and angular momentum of the chain and components, including in the spintronics version of inductor as a component.

I think this set really shines at simulating analog electrical circuts. Basicaly, you can model electricity with a mechanical system because you have only three types of base elements: proportional (friction/resistance), integrating (mass/inductance) and differentiating (spring/capacitance). What's also interesting, is that inductors and capacitors switch their roles if instead of input voltage, you consider input current.

@protoborg

3 ай бұрын

Wow. You are just wrong.

Would have liked to have heard mention of Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine (which he never got to build, but some modern researchers are planning to do, having seen that replicas of his simpler Difference Engine actually work).

@zellfaze

3 ай бұрын

I thought that was where he was going with this video to be honest.

@Sebbir

2 ай бұрын

Same

I really wished I had this toy/tool as a kid. I love science but always had the hardest time grasping practical electrical engineering. Like I could never figure out the electronic science sets as a kid. The rest I nailed. And this would've helped me visualize it so much instead of looking at those dang maze of diagrams.

But seriously I think this is such a great idea! I wish I had this when I was a kid, I would have LOVED it! Well...still now also. But it would have helped me understand this stuff much earlier!

What a great kit!

Look up the Mk 1 Fire Control Computer. It was an analog device that used the concepts explained in this vid.

There are different ways of getting a 3-valued logic. You could have pairs of inputs, which is actually 4 valued if the underlying circuit is binary, but you could also have a switch that is either on, off, or partially on. I wonder if you can do that with spintronics

@normalchannel2185

3 ай бұрын

thats the quantum gates right

@puckyMaXxx

3 ай бұрын

Sorry but elaborate please. Even I understood how quantum bit(s) logic works, what is "partially on"? I know and quite understood how quantum logic had such like "half value" but "interference" is still a big problem rather than just accepting those chain & tube model as simplification how electric field works.

as soon as i saw the chain analogy i was wondering if you were gonna mention the veritasium video lol. but as you pointed out, still a useful analogy

@6:48 If you want to be super pedantic, you only need the NAND & the NOR. You can make the NOT by tying the two inputs of either the NAND & the NOR together. And if you want to get really mad, you can make the NOR from 4 NANDs (tie the inputs of the first two NANDs together (ie. make them into NOT gates) and use them as the inputs to the third NAND. Finally tie the inputs of the fourth NAND and the output of the third NAND together) So really you can build any logic circuit out of just NAND gates.

This is mind blowing 🤯

Man this would’ve helped me BIG TIME for electric circuits in AP Physics 1!

Old aviation equipment used very complex mechanical calculators for computing things like airspeed. Not analogous to these spintronics but mechanical calculators are a real thing

@b43xoit

3 ай бұрын

That's right and the channel Curious Marc is covering a restoration of a Bendix Air Data computer.

Can you make a video on science behind thermal paste spread and what is most pratical and pattern to put thermal paste

I remember when learning semiconductor electronics, that I learned about "holes" conducting from positive to negative, which is not exactly true. What happens is that electrons in the valence band jump toward an empty spot, leaving a new empty spot in the process as they try to move from negative to positive, causing the apparent movement of the empty spots, called "holes". But for the sake of argument, conduction band electrons move from negative to positive, and "holes" move from positive to negative.

@trevorclinton2573

3 ай бұрын

The electron holes are almost as real as the dressed electrons in that band. The dressed electron has a real particle at its core, but would have negative effective mass. The hole is has positive effective mass but is not a dressed version of a real electron.

@kindlin

3 ай бұрын

Holes even have apparent mass and charge. They are, for intents and purposes, real particles. Well, until you try and collide them and you get nada.

Great video 👍

You can use water flow in pipes too

Didnt Steve Mould do a video about a this a year ago? I thought it looked familiar as soon as i seen the thumbnail. Maybe one day you two could do a collaboration about something like this video.

Action Lab the best

We can no longer say this is the logic of all computers. We now have quantum computers which are not just on or off.

Wow thank you

THE VISUAL IS ILLUSION UNDERRATED❗️💛💛💛

One amazing thing you missed about this model is that you showed the core reason why computers get hot: when you have a NOT gate (alone or in a more complex circuit), then in one of the states you have to let current through to the ground. This is shown as your gears spinning, and the generator consuming its thread.

I actually get this for Christmas

I think Upperstory needs to get one of these kits in the hand of Wintergatan. :D

Hey, I've noticed you do a lot of experiments on vacuums. But are you able to do an experiment on the curshinh pressures of the depths of the ocean?

What other video of yours do you use that tube and chain analogy in? I swear I've seen it before.

that puzzle mast been at all schools at physics classes of entire world!

Cool that it can be a physical model, but I'd be happy to get a virtual version of this.

My Lego chain is only long enough to go around the little gear on the engine and the other little gear on the back wheel of the 'the batman batcycle'. So it's really short and I'm pretty sure it wouldn't make very much electricity like yours. The batcycle is really cool though.

I liked how he mentioned veritassium's video. I was thinking about it the time he showed the chain model.

Note that the reason chains model electric circuits so well is because that's how we invented them. Circuits are designed to be predictable and reproducible which limits the more exotic aspects of electricity like field interactions which become a thing in wireless technology.

Continuation of spintronics

Pretty cool!

Steve Mould made an epic video on these things, still I am going to watch this one as well. btw Can we run doom on it. somehow

@_RUSH_

3 ай бұрын

You're asking the important questions

@GCKteamKrispy

3 ай бұрын

Oh no, Now that you've asked, someone will sure create a computer to run doom

@user-eo2wl4ku5v

3 ай бұрын

@@GCKteamKrispymaybe some one already did.

True, Veritasium clearly doesn't see the value of using abstraction and simplified models in solving practical engineering problems. Ironically, while debunking the chain-of-balls model of current flow, Derek himself forgot that electrons are not really particles, but are quantum field fluctuations. Which, in turn, could be vibrating one-dimensional strings. But all that is irrelevant when designing electrical and electronic circuits. In fact, we don't even consider individual electrons; we model electricity as the flow of a charged fluid-a continuum-and do calculations accordingly.

@protoborg

3 ай бұрын

Electrons are NOT quantum field fluctuations. There is no such thing as one dimension strings. Quantum physics is a fucking joke! Electrons ARE particles!

The arrangement of the axis points looks like where power grid poles might be. 2nd thessalonians chapter 2 might be in order

seems like , perhaps, what part of the Antikythera mechanism was for or worked like this

Does the junction adjust the gear ratio?

I made an XOR gate in the spintronics simulator.

Wow this was cool.

I love this spintronics thingie..... And I desired it from the day I saw it in Veritasium's vdo ! But the fact that it costs so much, makes me feel sad😢

Imagine the size and complexity of an i9 processor built with these.

Reminds me about the video from codebullet about the software marble calculator he made.

One interesting machine

What would be analogous to the EM fields around the wire?

We need someone to make alternating current on the spintronics

Plz plz can u give intution for emf and voltage with this device

Actually only one of NAND or NOR gate can do anything. It's such a cool stuff.

Technically, NAND is Turing complete, since you can use it to make every other logic gate, so you only need that one.

@protoborg

3 ай бұрын

No you can't. You need AND and OR as well, genius!

@serenecereal5167

3 ай бұрын

correct way to phrase it would be to say that NAND is functionally complete, although using it as the only gateway in this mechanical representation would be challenging xD

Can you explain every circuit app?

Water flowing through pipes is also a great analogy for electricity. 👍

2:56 isn't that blue junction incorporating gear ratio that wouldn't be present in an electrical junction?

So, a complicated mechanical watch that is only run by a spring could calculate/tell the time, day, month, year, including leap years, moon phase, a chronometer with split seconds, perpetual calendar, chime the hours, play simple melodies, can tell sunrise and sunsets, can tell when to celebrate Easter/Passover, sympathetic resonance, measure temperature, (and there is also a resistor when you run the minute repeater) among many things. The only off-logic to it is why the heck you pay $1.5 million to strap it on your wrist.

my minds blown

the industrial revolution is when we went from cogwheels to electronics so i think this is a perfect way to learn

Very cool. Reminds me of people making electronics in Minecraft

i just got my son one of those for christmas

They have a totally free in-browser simulation for it too. So you don't have to spend money on the physical kit, you can do the same with the PC version :P

It actually kind of does coincide with Veritasium’s video as the energy technically only flows one direction.

finally you saw this thing :)

Can anyone explain me how a computer works or give a link to a detailed video

They should absolutely teach this in schools...

@protoborg

3 ай бұрын

NO FUCKING WAY!

I have one question, but before that let me elaborate. I have a electric motorbike, China made-Singapore brand. Strange thing that I observe along since using those motorbike, seems like if I light all lighting of the motorbike, it's battery drains faster than if I only use one lighting set. Why tho? Is it because E=mc^2 which is in this case the energy drains more if exchange to light? I have hypothesis that if you transform energy to light its different than for wheel spool/ accelerated or general movement(momentum?), light works as cubic space and that's why drains more energy. That's really an interesting phenomenon for me. P.S. Maybe my explanation still vague but in short assume that no mass means energy escape/flows more RAPIDLY than if just used for movement/momentum release.

The issue of loss of energy due to flow through the wires or electromagnetic induction (or electromagnetic self-induction) is mostly a problem just for physicists. Engineers have more ,,practical" approach - ,,hey, this or that can happen in reality, so beware of that, but for now let's pretend it's not there". I see how it can become an issue, if e.g. a high-current wire is right beside a low-current one, but other than that (and maybe some disruption-preventing measures) we can ignore it for a moment. And that is one of the reasons, why concept of electric hydroanalogy (showing a flow of electricity in analogue to flow of a liquid in a pipe) is still in use.

So the more load I add the longer the battery last? Got it!

Our ancestors had computer logic built into the city itself.

One thing missing to make an actual computer is a way for the presence/absence of spin voltage to actuate the switches.

I love this. Next you need to have a video sponsored by DeLorean, so that I can buy a Spintronics and go back in time to my school days. Of course I can buy one now, the only thing I would like to create is a computer running Minecraft in which I create a computer that runs KZread and clicks LIKE on your channel. JK, I already clicked LIKE.

01:38 Umm... you _don't_ want to connect an LED directly to a 9V battery-unless, of course, you deliberately want to destroy the LED. 😲

Love this. Such a great way to show logic gates and other concepts.

But can you build a circuit this way in which the output of gates can be input to the next gates? That's how digital computers work.