nigel: has an entire labfull of fancy chem equipment also nigel: doesnt have a fucking *spoon*

"Oh yeah, I didn't have a spoon lying around anywhere, but I totally have broken plungers for days."

I've always found it interesting that you can make minor modifications to aromatic, fragrant compounds and completely change their aroma such as is done here.....even more interesting is the way that isomerism and particularly chirality can make huge changes as with chiral isomers of carvone which can either smell like spearmint or caraway depending on their L or D form.

@patricklastname6744

Жыл бұрын

My favorite example of the huge changes that come about due to isomerism is the racemates levomethorphan and dextromethorphan. Levomethorphan is a potent opiod, several times more potent than morphine. Dextromethorphan, though? No opiod activity, it’s actually the active ingredient in the over-the-counter cough syrup Robitussin. I think it’s quite incredible, honestly. The left-handed isomer could kill you with a couple dozen milligrams, and the right-handed one is sold every day for maybe 20 bucks per gram. Chemistry can be wild.

@jhyland87

Жыл бұрын

My favorite is mono-nitrotoluene to toluidine. It goes from a pleasant leather polish scent to horse manure or burning rubber. Lol

I wanted thank you, your videos have really helped me in my practical exams.

@NileRed

8 жыл бұрын

No problem!

@aaronfish1447

2 жыл бұрын

U mean meth makin

@You.are.correct.however

Жыл бұрын

@@NileRed op

I recommend a survivalist series, an apocalypse simulation where you get useful chemicals from common goods we can find while scavenging houses. TEACH US HOW TO DEFEND AGAINST THE ZOMBIES!

@th3thin9

8 жыл бұрын

Hey, thats pretty good!

@TheSupsnow

8 жыл бұрын

Best idea so far

@LordSparkleBottom

8 жыл бұрын

+Yentrilax you clearly don't like anything fun

@KatoffeLP

8 жыл бұрын

wait did you just told him to kill himself? wow just wow

@TheSupsnow

8 жыл бұрын

Dolan Duck It's the internet, buddy, get over it

That 5 liter beaker made me laugh at the size of it when you picked it up. Didn't look that big in other shots and I wasn't thinking it would be that big

-What a tedious synthesis! :D Extractions are my favorite workup procedure, though. Well done as always! And I admire how you explicitly covered the mechanism.

@Mikemk_

Жыл бұрын

This is very not tedious as far as organic synthesis goes. It's just mix, leave for 8 hours, then purify.

ooh, that smooth 60fps footage. Patreon money well spent?

Injecting steam from an independent source would be best.Acetaldehyde will boil away and benzaldehyde is far more steam volatile than cinnamaldehyde.You also could reflux for 5-6 hours and keep the condenser water at 30Celsius(not the usual ice cold water) as acetaldehyde boils around 20C and will exit out of the condenser top! LeChatlier idea is by removing acetaldehyde you drive the reverse aldol reaction to make more benzaldehyde!

You said your beaker was 5 liters, but the sheer scale of that only became clear to me at 8:30. That is one massive beaker!

@mississippijohnfahey7175

5 жыл бұрын

I wish I only did chemistry with giant glassware. Then I'd look like a tiny man doing normal sized chemistry.

Nile, you should do a lab/setup tour, that would be really neat

@sandokannoname5738

7 жыл бұрын

The Simple Distillation set up is perfect

Me coming to relax for a bit while studying for the MCAT just to see the retro-aldol reaction again

This gave me flashbacks to a chemistry class some 30 years ago. We were tasked with producing benzoic acid, and were divided into 6 lab groups. I don't recall what chemical was the starting point, but I do remember that the reaction involved boiling a solution, and that the chemical transitioned through benzaldehyde on its way to benzoic acid. So we were in a fairly small chemistry lab with six flasks of boiling benzaldehyde (almond essence), and well, let's just say the air got a little... dense. I don't think any of us craved marzipan for a while after that 😀

Really looking forward to the Caffeine synthesis. Alkaloids are awesome.

I don't know if you intend to be as humorous as you are but you have me cracking up through most of your videos. You have that kind of dry kind of witty humor that probably goes unnoticed by some people. I'm curious, what is the blue bottle experiment? And I would love to see a Q&A video, caffeine total synth, trimethylamine, and cyclohexanone oxime. So, I put my vote in for those next.

NileRed you should link videos to other experiments that involve the reagents that are used in this video and so-on. :)

Hello Nile Red , nice video.

You could make benzaldehyde by toluene oxidation, or chlorination/hydrolysis. it gives the useful benzyl alcohol as a side product and some trichlorbenzene, which can be used for dehydration of compounds or be turned into benzoic acid to use as benzene precursor. Essentially turning toluene into 3 useful, less common chems in the lab

@Cupful

2 жыл бұрын

thanks he has a video of that too but it's private fucking sod payed to be a Patreon for private videos. what a rip off

@chadkline4268

Жыл бұрын

Yes, I know the manganese method, but I wonder if ozone would work 😁

+NileRed Cool video! In the first step of the mechanism why does the hydroxide ion do a conjugate addition instead of attack the carbonyl directly? I though hard nucleophiles such as hydroxide prefer 1,2 over 1,4 additions.

Could you have used DCM to remove the fine suspension of oil from the distillate, somewhat like you did in another video?

I think using a Dean-Stark trap for steam distillation is a better idea than distilling four liters of water. Why didn't you use distilled water from the receiver to replenish the level in the flask?

Teaching people how to make a P2P precursor from spices. This is why old youtube was awesome ! Fuck censorship

@xij3505

Жыл бұрын

What exactly is p2p😅

@pakodelavega

Жыл бұрын

@@xij3505 phenyl-2-propanone

very nice

Do you think you'd be able to make Formaldehyde, or is that too dangerous to try?

It's been a long time since I watched an old NileRed video. "I didn't use organic solvents to be environmentally friendly." from the man who makes his FAVORITE CARCINOGEN.

reflux is just distillation without boiling something away? so, in essence, just the phase change from liquid-gas back to liquid produces the Benzaldehyde?

I could have sworn you had a video synthesizing safrole

@cvspvr

2 жыл бұрын

i don't think he did. i think he had another video about synthesising benzaldehyde using chromyl chloride though

you should of steam distilled some cinnamon bark previously and so hopefully you would have had some higher quality oil to work with and hence get a better yield of benzaldehyde :)

Any thoughts on how one might recover the acetaldehyde, as well?

I miss these longer videos he use to make.

@Conorize

Жыл бұрын

I think his videos are longest nowadays actually. Latest video was something like 47 minutes

@fukro7557

Жыл бұрын

You know this video is like 5 years old right

what's the advantage of using ammoniumpersulfate over PCC for the oxidation?

awsome

I have one question because I have been clueless. I recently tried recrystallizing some KNO3 I bought online to try and grow some beautiful nitrate crystals, and after some time of boiling there was some left undissolved. I believe this was not KNO3 and had a much darker color like wet sand. I had originally tried dissolving it in smaller batches in a beaker, but it would start making this loud noise and shaking. I think it may be what is called "Bumping", but I've never heard anyone explain what it is except that boiling chips are used to prevent it. If you could I would really appreciate you opinion on the matter and just wanted to say keep up the amazing videos!

@sbreheny

8 жыл бұрын

Bumping is caused by pockets of solution being superheated (above the boiling point) because there aren't enough bubble nucleation sites where the pocket is. Eventually a bubble will form and it will grow huge very quickly because of the high vapor pressure of the fluid being greater than atmospheric pressure pressing down on the solution. The bubble grows so quickly that it makes a mini explosion that often throws liquid out of the container. Boiling chips provide a surface with lots of irregularities so bubbles form all the time and they can grow before the solution gets superheated. That way they grow slowly, extract heat during the phase change from liquid to gas, and then rise to the surface gently and release the gas and the heat along with it.

@brettreiff

7 жыл бұрын

Ashton Callender some potassium nitrate scores contain small amounts of sand as an I purity. I have performed that exact same expirement growing kno3 crystals. except I used stump remover and recrystalize it 1st, filtered it hot and let the crystals fall out. I did that with the whole batch. I then dried it out and stored it to use as needed to grow crystals and poor man's aqua reiga, etc. but that happens. I beleave it can be mined or made. depending on the score it may have slight contaminants.

Do a lab tour

I think that the Distinct change in smell from the beginning to the end is (expecting some scientific explanation) Pretty cool. (Oh, ok... Thought he was gonna geek out or something for a little bit :)

I have a Question. The common houshold ethanol where I live is denatured with methyl ethyl ketone. It's virtually impossible to remove it via distillation. Could you force the MEK to undergo an aldol reaction to change the boiling point and then distill off the pure ethanol?

@NileRed

8 жыл бұрын

Do you know what the percentage is? It might be possible to polymerize it with a very small amount of base. I am not sure though.

Since the reaction depends on the presence of hydroxide (OH-) ions, wouldn't it be better to use NaOH instead of Na2CO3 ?

@jeremymcadams7743

3 жыл бұрын

NaCO3 generates small concentrations of OH. Using something like NaOH would probably drive the reaction to the left. Sorta like allylic bromination. A little bromine leads to radical addition, a lot leads to bromination of the double bond

Hey, Nile Red, sorry for the unrelated question on the video, but did you remove your mercury fulminate video? P.S.the videos look a lot better in 60 FPS.

@BackYardScience2000

4 жыл бұрын

I think KZread removed it.

Can you please make Formaldehyde?

@BAgodmode

3 жыл бұрын

That’s just a dehyde with a fancy hat and monocle

@GNP3WP3W

3 жыл бұрын

Dehydration of ethanol to ethene, followed by oxidative cleavage of the double bond to 2 equivalents of formaldehyde

@jhyland87

3 жыл бұрын

Or just buy it from Walmart, it's called Campa-Chem. Not very pure, but it seems to work for a lot of home chemistry stuff.

@BAgodmode

3 жыл бұрын

@@jhyland87 exactly, taste just as good to me.

@dumbassdemonfoxmk2

Жыл бұрын

@@BAgodmode lmaoooo

Is the resulting benzaldehyde good grade? How can I make pure food grade benzaldehyde for cooking?

How much does all this distillation equipment cost? I have a lot of glassware, a butane burner, crucible, etc, but I'm thinking about buying a distillation setup. The only chemicals I really have is some semi-pure sodium acetate I made a few years ago, sodium bisulfate, acetone, and a few other things. I'm thinking about getting into more complex reactions since I understand safety, how to handle acids and very alkaline materials, and I know a bit about chemistry (although I am mainly a computer science person).

@dalitas

8 жыл бұрын

nurdrage has a link in his recent videos to a glassware supplier that has pricing info and there's also a discount code in the description hope that'll give you an idea about pricing, then there's always eBay but then you have to be careful to get the real deal

@kensclark

8 жыл бұрын

Thanks! I'm thinking about inorganic chemistry as a minor. I just love to explore chemical reactions. I'm majoring in Computer science though. Maybe I could make some cool apps to help with chemistry.

@dalitas

8 жыл бұрын

There are some apps that are quite good but others that just suck so do try them out and see if you can improve! A NMR and IR identification app would be awesome

@EarlofDestruction

7 жыл бұрын

I have lots of cheap made in China glassware bought on ebay, it works fine for me, have broken only one flask until now.

@Fred-bp2dd

Жыл бұрын

Vevor has a really good deal on a 32 piece glassware set for 104$

When will you be releasing your video on making Benzaldehyde from Bitter almond oil? I would be willing to think that is the easiest method and I just can't wait any longer for the video to be released! :P

What did the cinnamon oil smell like? Did it smell like cinnamon candy, or was it closer to cloves? Cinnamon leaf oil is actually mostly eugenol, and so if what you had was leaf oil, it would have had a strong clove aroma.

@NileRed

8 жыл бұрын

To me it just smelled like cinnamon candy

So... Would yo have a higher yield of benzaldehyde from the oil of the leaf or bark of cinnamon oil? You kinda confused me at the end there. From what I got from it was that if you used the cinnamon oil from the leaf that has %10 you would get a better yield. Please correct me if I'm wrong.

Would Potassium carbonate work better since it is a stronger base?

RIP chemplayer :((((((((

KZread poll recommend me this video 😅

What if you dripped the oil to the boiling water instead at a rate that eventually matches your distillate rate?

I just want to imagine what it must've been like buying a 5-liter beaker.

@BackYardScience2000

4 жыл бұрын

You hope and pray that it doesn't come in broken. Then you wonder why you bought it when you may only use it a handful of times.

It's called a centrifuge, on the fist go around.

Isn't acetaldehyde the chemical made in the liver from alcohol that causes the feeling of a hangover?

It looks like chinsee soup flavouring oil :D

Cinnamaldehyde is such a nice chemical :D

+NileRed can you come up with a process to extract myristicin from nutmeg as a subscriber if yours i would highly appreciate it

If Gene Takovic was in breaking bad:

Can you link to the ChemPlayer video? Also rip in peaces ChemPlayer :(

@batubulgur

8 жыл бұрын

I am gonna miss them. Their concept was ingenious.

@NileRed

8 жыл бұрын

Oh yeah, I forgot. Ill do that

this guy will be the next Breaking bad show

Just a curious question: how does the stirring pill works exactly?

@NileRed

8 жыл бұрын

There is a spinning magnet in the plate below!

@alharthy50

8 жыл бұрын

NileRed thanks. Awesome video as always, keep them coming.

@alharthy50

8 жыл бұрын

***** thanks man

@bok..

7 жыл бұрын

like a mexican jumping bean

I just figured out that I have a cinnamaldehyde allergy, and I was wondering - does the cooking of it break it down and make it so different that I wouldn't be allergic? Like... the cinnamaldehyde content in tomatoes. When I eat raw tomatoes, my face flushes burning red. Cooked tomatoes, much less of a reaction. Is this my imagination? Or true?

Let’s see if this one will get me to bed

what is the name of the degree that you currently have (or the one that you are working on) because i watch every single one of your videos because this stuff just fascinates me and i would love to work with chemistry in the future and get a degree with it. Are alot of your videos and reactions based on organic chemistry or is all of this just like general chemistry. I would really appreciate if you could reply/pm me.

@a3xccy379

8 жыл бұрын

I dont know nile's qualifications. But im in the 3rd year of my bachleor course of chemistry. we dont do everything Nile does( because he is a pro and awesome) but if you do Masters in Chemistry and go into research you will for sure work on your own

@NileRed

8 жыл бұрын

I have a BSc in Biochemistry and about 7 months of research as a chemistry grad student. Most of the what I do is organic chemistry, but there is some inorganic and general chemistry sprinkled in.

Hello everybody I would like to know if it is possible to synthesize (Bu4N+•HSO3−) from TBAB.

where are you getting your distilled water? are you distil it your self?

@NileRed

8 жыл бұрын

I just buy it from the grocery store

yaay more chemistry :D

I'm here waiting for the Nitrous Oxide video.....

How do you get the perfect black background?

@NileRed

8 жыл бұрын

It's not always perfect, but it has to do with lighting! It would be a lot better if I got a darker and better backdrop

Separating benzaldehyde, cinnamaldehyde and acetaldehyde is so challenging because they all are liquid

What happened to your plunger?

A couple of connected suggestions I (and suspect many others) would like to see: _1)_ Nicotine from raw Nicotiana leaves (if possible). _2)_ Nicotine from cured tobacco. Please :-) Preferably methods possible without complex, high end lab equipment.

Fun fact: after drinking ethanol gets decomposed into acetaldehyde which is the chemical that causes hangover

What kind of grease do you use for your joints Nile ?

@kjpmi

8 жыл бұрын

I'll tell you what's amazing and what I use. Dow's High Vacuum Grease. It's silicone grease. It REALLY holds up well under high vacuum because of its low volatility. It keeps its normal viscosity at very low and very high temps -40 C up to over 200 C. It's pretty chemical resistant as well obviously so you don't have to worry about it being attacked or dripping into your flask and messing with a reaction. I can tell you that I never have a problem with losing vacuum even over a course of a very long distillation or reaction. I also use it to seal up my vacuum desiccator and it will hold a vacuum steady for longer than I've ever tested. r.ebay.com/Fr3a0b

@darkeagle553

8 жыл бұрын

kjpmi Thanks kjpmi really helpt me out.

@aajjeee

8 жыл бұрын

+kjpmi you sound like an info Comercial

@kjpmi

8 жыл бұрын

aajjeee I like it, so sue me... it works so much better than vaseline or anything else I've used.

@kjpmi

8 жыл бұрын

Philip Mastny you're welcome. It's not super cheap like vaseline but a tube last for a long time and it really works so much better.

what is this used for ???

Isn't Acetaldehyde the hangover chemical?

@elephystry

6 жыл бұрын

cgarzs Yes.

What are these products used for?

@hello-rq8kf

Жыл бұрын

making meth unironically

Next video will be: making chocolate from a stone

I'm thinking of doing a retroaldol on this and then re-condensing it to get a phenyl allyl with an interestingly positioned keton 😂

wouldnt it be easier to centerfuge it?

Make a chemical rap

Man, Nile, take care of your equipment! That broken beaker at 9:10 made me cringe so hard!

@LordSparkleBottom

8 жыл бұрын

+Yentrilax 👌🏻

@NileRed

8 жыл бұрын

It still works, so why throw it out? I fixed it with a blowtorch and it has been working well! I do have other 1L beakers though that aren't broken

@th3thin9

8 жыл бұрын

NileRed The problem is that its broken, not that youre, using it. Besides that, fixed it with a blowtorch? What kind of sorcery is that? Did you just smooth the edges with the blowtorch?

@th3thin9

8 жыл бұрын

***** I watched the chloroform video when it came out, which means, a long time ago. I didnt remember the "hole". Ill give it another watch.

why not using pure cinnamaldehyde u recovered at the end directly with water and sodium carbonate

I am going to have to get you a lab spoon, a chemist not having a lab spoon is akin to a mechanic not having a slot screw driver. 🤣

no links down below... almond oil is benzylaldehyde???? i had bottle of it and it didn't smell like almond so i got rid of it -.-

@OsirusHandle

8 жыл бұрын

Most smells are pretty horrid in large quantities; Skatole, for example, smells sweet like flowers until you smell large quantities, then it smells like literal shit.

@mattibboss

8 жыл бұрын

+Hillebrand1 oh you got me there...i forgott that...thx i'll messure the PH if i find some again

new camera again ? 60p doent run well on my laptop :(

@batubulgur

8 жыл бұрын

There probably is an issue about your laptops playback capabilities. All the settings works just fine on my. Be sure to have adobe flash's final version on your pc.

@LarsVeldscholte

8 жыл бұрын

Flash? KZread has been using HTML5 video for ages now (unless you have an ancient browser, in which case it still serves Flash)

@batubulgur

8 жыл бұрын

My bad. Brain is on auto-pilot. Ok, gotta admit that was humiliating. :D

Yo bro I heard you like carbon bonds... So I carboned you're carbon with, you guessed it you have more carbon lol

So.. we can turn polystyrene to cinnamaldehyde then to benzaldehyde? 😂

I went from the skatole video to this. KZread is trying to.....cleanse the palette, I guess. 🤷‍♀️

would a fractionating column reduced the amount of oily water you collected during distillation?

@th3thin9

8 жыл бұрын

Actually, it should, thing is, you cant connect it because of the thermometer in the distillation apparatus

@dalitas

8 жыл бұрын

+Nitro why couldn't the column be placed between the RBflask and the sideways adapter?

@th3thin9

8 жыл бұрын

Dalitas D Because you have to stick the thermometer somwhere, but you can always use 2 or more necked RBFlasks

@dalitas

8 жыл бұрын

+Nitro wait what, the thermometer can be at the top of the column right or are we thinking about different set ups

@th3thin9

8 жыл бұрын

Dalitas D We probably are

Can you make a chemical for me to not feel depressed

Please revisit this video. ^_^

but... does it smell good?

What happened to 1-Octan-3-ol?

@batubulgur

8 жыл бұрын

he is probably too afraid to have a mosquito swarm in his lab. hahahahhaha

@rollaroundaparty

8 жыл бұрын

Batuhan Bulguroğlu But it's for the sake of science ):

@NileRed

8 жыл бұрын

It will be posted next

@rollaroundaparty

8 жыл бұрын

OOOOOOOH THE LORD HATH SPOKEN

@rollaroundaparty

8 жыл бұрын

Have you thought about synthesising humans? I hear they're a mosquito attractant also

Again why the distilled water and Na2C03??? Can one use lye? Or MGS04? Lr KOH???? U add water woth drying agent to remove water? With sep funnel? Is this correct

@GreenOrgyKing

4 жыл бұрын

I think Na2CO3 was used because the reaction must stay between ~Ph 11 - 13 for maximizing the desired product. Na2CO3 is a weaker base and has some additional pluses: low solubility in water would prevent over concentration and thus going above Ph14. Also for one pot steam distillations having a salt saturated water source for the steam helps for many reasons. BUT, i wouldn't be surprised if the low yield was also caused by the choice of base. Maybe just a pinch of a hydroxide would have made all of the difference?

wow. seems like a lot of work for such a little return.. no link to chemplayers prep either.

@NileRed

8 жыл бұрын

I added the chemplayer prep. Also you are right, a lot of work for very little return

I am allergic to this chemical!

can you start from cinnamon bark and extract the oil from it?

@SeaUrchinZone

8 жыл бұрын

Yes, you could do a steam distillation to get the cinnamaldehyde out of the cinnamon, but that takes an awful lot of time and the yield is relatively small. It smells great though.

@batubulgur

8 жыл бұрын

You have to be a big big manufacturer to be able to extract significant amounts of essential oil. In home lab type of enviroment you probably need 5-10 kg's of bark.

@MrBXXIV

8 жыл бұрын

Undead Gaddafi I love how you ended it with the "good smell" comment although you just illustrated how long and cumbersome is the process. you are a cup-half-full type :)

@MrBXXIV

8 жыл бұрын

Batuhan Bulguroğlu I didn't realize how much bark would be required to do it. Just wow.

@SeaUrchinZone

8 жыл бұрын

Ibrahim Ali Haha yeah, I did it myself once, the whole process was annoying, but all the glassware smelled like cinnamon for weeks.

holy 720p60fps club, batman.

How can one extract the Myristicin Myristin and Elmicin from nutmegs or nutmeg oil. The 3 main alkaloids found in nutmeg. you shoud do a video on that. it may require carefull partial distillation with a 3 way flask at varying temperatures

The facility were only going to suspend you for shaking it too vigorously??? That's pretty cool of them, really.. I mean, i (briefly) attended, (Odessa Tx.) Permian High School (Friday night lights) gotta say, super snooty teachers; Zero tolerance anything really but ESPECIALLY when it came to shaking it, regardless of vigor used. Expulsion without exception... Ask me how I know. 🤭

Mmmmm...... I would guess that your yield is low. I would think that you're losing product to a competing SN1 reaction where benzaldehyde reacts with any of the other things in the single pot (water and cinnamaldehyde main but nearly everything in that flask can react...). If you increase the temperature above the boiling point of benzaldehyde in the main reaction vessel you could remove it before it had a chance to react with other things. Maybe add a fractional distillation rig to allow the benzaldehyde to "hide" from the other products/reactants. Finally, you should chill your product before trying to separate it. You can actually purify the benzaldehyde out from the cinnamaldehyde and water based solely on their freezing points, but it is slower. Still simply chilling the solution would reduce some other things that were obviously a problem. I think you were getting that cloudy color because your were getting hemiacetal formation.

How much did that cinnamon oil cost you?

@NileRed

8 жыл бұрын

I got it super cheap. Maybe $15 USD?