NEXUS: www.nexusmods.com/skyrimspecialedition/mods/115096 0:09 - DOOM DRUM / SHEZARRINE - Main Menu 2:41 - A NORD'S LAST THOUGHTS SHOULD BE OF HOME - Helgen Cart Intro 4:30 - MAGNUS WAKES - Helgen Escape Theme 5:33 - THE HERD - Morning 01 / Day 07 7:37 - SOWER OF FLESH - Morning 02 8:37 - SUNKISSED (feat. Chephren Parker) - Day 01 10:42 - MERETH - Day 02 12:16 - MOUTHS OF THE KARTH - Day 03 13:25 - GILDED HILL - Day 04 15:35 - MOTHER OF MEN AND BEASTS - Day 05 17:37 - FATHERLAND IDYLL - Day 06 19:35 - HROKKIBEG'S SOLSTICE - Day 08 21:20 - PROMISE OF SOVNGARDE - Day 09 23:36 - DANCE OF THE MAGNE-GE - Dusk 01 25:33 - FEAST OF THE DEAD - Dusk 02 27:28 - EVENTIDE - Dusk 03 28:37 - MOONSTRUCK (feat. Elizabeth Plant) - Night 01 30:53 - THE SERPENT - Night 02 33:30 - WITCH IN THE STARS - Night 03 35:04 - STORIHBEG'S HUNGER - Night 04 37:11 - JHUNAL SOARS - Night 05 39:15 - FLESH-DIVINITY - Night 06 41:39 - RESPITE OF SORTS - Village Discovery 01 / 03 42:25 - HAMLET - Village Discovery 02 42:57 - TRUE NEED - High Hrothgar Discovery 43:20 - WE WERE ONCE HERE - Forgotten Vale 45:47 - THINGS AREN'T WHAT THEY USED TO BE - Solstheim Boat Arrival 46:20 - COSMIC SEVERER - Southern Solstheim 01 48:20 - THE FALSE TRIBUNAL - Southern Solstheim 02 50:23 - SECOND EXODUS - Southern Solstheim 03 52:17 - NEREVAR'S LAMENT FOR THE SHARMAT - Southern Solstheim 04 53:37 - HOGITHUM - Southern Solstheim 05 55:35 - MYCOTURGY - Southern Solstheim 06 56:44 - WE ARE STILL HERE - Southern Solstheim 07 58:51 - SOVNGARDE STALWART - Combat 01 1:00:06 - RITE OF PASSAGE - Combat 02 1:01:03 - SINMUR - Combat 03 1:02:09 - EVGIR UNSLAAD - Combat 04 1:03:16 - THE HARBINGERS - Combat 06 (no i did not miss 05, bethesda did) 1:04:20 - WINGED SHADOWS - Dragon Combat 01 1:06:10 - PROGENY OF AKATOSH (feat. Chephren Parker) - Dragon Combat 02 1:08:25 - THE FIRSTBORN - Dragon Combat 03 1:10:52 - VILE WHISPERS - Umbra Boss Fight DOWNLOAD: youngscrolls.bandcamp.com/album/lorkhan DONATE: ko-fi.com/youngscrolls INSTAGRAM: instagram.com/youngscrolls TWITTER: twitter.com/youngscrolls

@A9hl6fgx5ebisb72op

2 ай бұрын

Shors bones a handsome man in falkreth

@JohnIsaacXIV

2 ай бұрын

What mods are you using here?

@nolan92491

2 ай бұрын

Hey, would you mind if someone repackaged this for 2011 Skyrim (the old engine)? I honestly don't even know if that is feasible but I figured that I should ask you before I looked into it or did any work. I don't even know if that is possible, and it's probably not relevant as I am probably the only person who still plays on the 2011 engine, but I figured that it didn't hurt to ask and there's probably someone else out there who is wondering the same thing. Looking at the listing on Nexus, you request that people get permission before using your assets or modifying the file, and you don't want anyone monetizing your work, which I think are both perfectly reasonable asks.

@LunnikaHoro

2 ай бұрын

WOW unexpected to see such video on your chanell. But I like it

@concentratus8362

2 ай бұрын

​@@nolan92491I play LE too. It's work perfectly on my cheap laptop that I use when traveling.

this feels like passing out a business card to bethesda for elder scrolls six and boy look at the subtle off-white coloring. The tasteful thickness of it.

@mimisezlol

2 ай бұрын

And didn't they have to drop Jeremy Soule? They have a solution right here

@tonyharrison2112

2 ай бұрын

@@mimisezlol There was accusations of rape, and sexual harassment. Soule denied it but since then its been really quite and I don't believe he's worked since. I don't think Bethesda would work with him again even if he was still active.

@mimisezlol

2 ай бұрын

@@tonyharrison2112 hence the offering of young scrolls as their new composer

@vitriolicAmaranth

2 ай бұрын

Let's see Eric Heberling's card.

@reincarnatedwolfgod

2 ай бұрын

Bethesda already a got new composer after dropping jeremy soule a while back. Still this is a solid piece of work to show on a résumé for any other company’s wanting to hire a composer.

Holy shit dude, this album is amazing!

@chrisvandergriff504

Ай бұрын

Someone gonna make sure this is compatible with Skyblivion now?

@DeaDaR03

Ай бұрын

This was made specifically to fit Skyrim. As great as it is the theme will not fit very well in Cyrodiil. Then again, that's just my opinion.

creating something that feels like it could've been the original skyrim soundtrack is an amazing achievement

@indrickboreale7381

2 ай бұрын

The Tonal Architect strikes back

@stephenmeek5891

Ай бұрын

May I also point you to Daniel Ran, the composer for Beyond Skyrim: Bruma?

@indrickboreale7381

Ай бұрын

@@stephenmeek5891 Bruma's music is good

@youngscrolls

Ай бұрын

@@stringbeanzzz4858 imitating jeremy soule was never the intention

@indrickboreale7381

Ай бұрын

@@youngscrolls Even for people who prefer original Skyrim music dedicated themes for Soul Cairn and Apocrypha are a nice addition. Good job!

He said it's a soundtrack mod, but he was really stealth dropping another album. 🔥

@cattrucker8257

2 ай бұрын

A very literal extended play

Our God of Tonal Architecture, seemingly like the Dwemer, disappeared with naught but traces here nor there. Occasionally we would see glimpses into their divine work. Yet we were deceived, he had not disappeared, for outside the planes of Mundus…. The God of Tonal Architecture…Was…COOKING!!!!!!

@RC--rh1nc

Ай бұрын

real

Sky above, voice within. 🕊️ 🎶

@blankenheim39

2 ай бұрын

Wind guide you.

@hmmmooops

2 ай бұрын

I see you come from experience

@indrickboreale7381

2 ай бұрын

Not a Dunmer but they're a blow

THIS HEART IS THE HEART OF THE WORLD, FOR ONE WAS MADE TO SATISFY THE OTHER

@tora9915

2 ай бұрын

"And this thing I have thought of, I have named it, and I call it freedom. Which I think is just another word for Shezarr Who Goes Missing... [And then] Kyne granted Perrif another symbol, a diamond soaked red with the blood of elves, [whose] facets could [un-sector and form] into a man whose every angle could cut her jailers and a name: PELIN-EL [which is] "The Star-Made Knight" [and he] was arrayed in armor [from the future time]. And he walked into the jungles of Cyrod already killing, Morihaus stamping at his side froth-bloody and bellowing from excitement because the Pelinal was come... [and Pelinal] came to Perrif's camp of rebels holding a sword and mace, both encrusted with the smashed viscera of elven faces, feathers and magic beads, which were the markings of the Ayleidoon, stuck to the redness that hung from his weapons, and he lifted them, saying: "These were their eastern chieftains, no longer full of their talking."...It is a solid truth that Morihaus was the son of Kyne, but whether or not Pelinal was indeed the Shezarrine is best left unsaid (for once Plontinu, who favored the short sword, said it, and that night he was smothered by moths). It is famous, though, that the two talked of each other as family, with Morihaus as the lesser, and that Pelinal loved him and called him nephew, but these could be merely the fancies of immortals... And it is said that he emerged into the world like a Padomaic, that is, borne by Sithis and all the forces of change therein. Still others, like Fifd of New Teed, say that beneath the Pelinal's star-armor was a chest that gaped open to show no heart, only a red rage shaped diamond-fashion, singing like a mindless dragon, and that this was proof that he was a myth-echo, and that where he trod were shapes of the first urging."

@novAviator01

2 ай бұрын

@@tora9915 typed all of that out but -[source] was too much

@ethan1142028

2 ай бұрын

It's from Oblivion, the lore books from Knights of the Nine. Song of Pelinal I think​@@novAviator01

@tora9915

2 ай бұрын

@@novAviator01 The Song of Pelinal. It should be obvious to anyone who played Oblivion.

@jacobfreeman5444

Ай бұрын

It doesn't matter if it is obvious or not. Cite your sources. Still that was quite a feat, typing all that out. Gg

Still just completely in awe of this, really. It's been so amazing watching it take shape the last few months, and it more than shows your dedication to making music that matters. I'm so, so proud of you! (Thank you for believing in me and letting me be part of just one track 🥺)

@__-be1gk

2 ай бұрын

...implying his other music doesn't "matter"?

@holygon

2 ай бұрын

@@__-be1gk Yeah mate, I'm sure the person that Young Scrolls decided to work with, and that is actively praising them in the comments of their video, is trying to put down Young Scrolls' other work, and you're not just being weird as hell about the way you read something. Be normal lmao

@CelestielleVA

2 ай бұрын

@@__-be1gk That is very much the opposite of what I'm implying. It has always mattered, as a constant stance against AI, to following his own craft, making his own identity, and trying new things - like here. I'm literally IN this soundtrack, I voice the YS producer tag, why would I ever think (let alone speak) down on him or his past work in ANY capacity?

@whitecobra9721

2 ай бұрын

Is 5:44 your track? Cause that's one haunting tune, keep up the good work!

@CelestielleVA

2 ай бұрын

@@whitecobra9721 Alas, I wish I could get that high haha. Though that is one of my favourite tracks! Try 28:37 😂

bro didn't just cook, he chef'd. this is some serious gourmand shit.

@solusaldrain

Ай бұрын

"Don't butter me up, Nerevar. When you were climbing up Red Mountain, did you see a sign anywhere saying 'Dead N'wah Storage?' No? You didn't see one, because storing dead N'wahs isn't my business!"

@DeaDaR03

Ай бұрын

The Gourmet

"You thought this was going to be another dank mixtape? What a grand and intoxicating innocence!"

Oh my GOD my mouth dropped when the fucking herding call started. I've had the pleasure of hearing it in person once. It's so ethereal.

@ApplePieUniverse1

5 күн бұрын

I was like, "that's kulning!!" 🎉

We found the man to write the Elder Scrolls 6 soundtrack

A soundtrack to rival Jeremy Soule. Amazing work youngscrolls.

@TheOrian34

2 ай бұрын

The next step is a collab album.

@cattrucker8257

2 ай бұрын

His sound when applied to ambient music like this kind of feels like a meeting-in-the-middle of Soule and Inon Zur plus some indie cult classic vibes.

@Pebphiz

2 ай бұрын

He saw the vacancy and stepped up to the plate.

@TsubakiNoKarasu

2 ай бұрын

Soule was creep and feeling of power over women he abused was inspiration for Skyrim soundtrack, he doesn't deserve to hold a candle to YS.

@TheOrian34

2 ай бұрын

@@TsubakiNoKarasu I'd love to have the links to the proof of that, because last I know, it was fake allegations to destroy his career.

Come and look upon the heart.

"His Heart was the Heart of the World, for one was made to satisfy the other" Lorkhan is gonna be hella satisfied after hearing this soundtrack.

I came expecting silliness but you put your heart and soul into this

@olivercharles2930

2 ай бұрын

same lmao shit is legendary

@user-tg5pr3dw4j

Ай бұрын

same lol. When he announced the project i thought we'd have blood gang playingin background in volkihar castle and stuff like that (yes please)

No fucking way, my god dude, the effort and hard work this took for god knows how long, is astonishing, an entire OST. The titles are insanely good, the pace of the sounds are so great, and the fact you kept the original feeling revamped and re imagined is so good.

not only does Young Scrolls the wildest beast and craziest, lore inspired lines young scrolls also provided us with an ENTIRELY new soundtrack for our 2011 game. Zenithar bless.

How is nobody talking about how the motif for "Nerevar's Lament for the Sharmat" is the exact same as "Devious" from the Bard's College EP? Makes it feel like real hip-hop sampling, well played man.

@004MostWanted

Ай бұрын

frankly i thought there would be more tracks with original YS motives. but maybe i missing something

@kylegonewild

Ай бұрын

@@004MostWanted Idk why you would think one way or the other about that lol. Keeping motifs that already existed and building something new around them is what the actual composers of game soundtracks usually do when dealing with a multi-entry series. Case in point: the title track for all 3 mainline 3D Elder Scrolls games contain the same motif.

@ThereMayBeLions

Ай бұрын

​@@004MostWantedI think it's an attempt to reconceptualize the entire Skyrim soundtrack with new themes and effects, and to make it sound more Nordic and Folk based than the original soundtrack.

@004MostWanted

Ай бұрын

@@kylegonewild dunno just thought it could make a nice reference to hear samples from like dawn on you or godspeak while exploring or fighting and that would make me smile and feel warm inside. But i ain't no composer to decide what's better for sound design & atmosphere. As for the elderscrolls main theme it is truly remarkable.

I’m not sure if it’s more or less complex or a sign of musically proficiency to create this sort of thing than raps using video game voice lines, but I remember coming upon Balmora Vice after only having heard the Skyrim raps you’d done and being like “okay yes this is a universal talent this person has, it’s not just some sort of magic ability to splice together Bethesda lines in an entertaining way they are as true a composer as any other” and here you are utterly rebuking any elitism I may have had as to the platform or medium you publish on/in. I doff my hat to you

@0326dp

Ай бұрын

id say different skill sets, but personally coming from a pop/hiphop background myself, i find this type of music very difficult to make, so its insanely impressive that he has this type of range. im blown away

@kylegonewild

Ай бұрын

@@0326dp Voice mixing is a different skill that's true (if you've ever watched a good YTP you've seen this skill in action without music) but he does it by employing sampling just like other hip-hop tracks. He's been incorporating all these elements into the hip-hop focused tracks throughout the years

Young Scrolls outta NOWHERE with the new unofficial official Skyrim OST. I have so much more to play of the other TES games, and now I have to play Skyrim AGAIN for this wonderful music. I can tell this ain't even their Magnus Opus. Young Scrolls is going places.

@tomislav.klisanin

Ай бұрын

you mean magnum opus?

@supeman104

Ай бұрын

@@tomislav.klisaninIt could be a Elder Scrolls reference. Magnus being their "sun".

@EpicPrawn

Ай бұрын

​@@supeman104 Yep! Magnus, God of Magic (or simply Magic itself) the Sun God, and the Great Architect.

This made me CHIM. The art of tonal architecture is alive. The ending of the words is ALMSIVI.

He just cannot stop making banger after banger

Bethesda unironically should just start sending you money for how fucking amazing all of your work is. Holy shit. Amazing work brother

Incredible... I don't quite know what to say. For a long time I figured a soundtrack replacer of this sort has been long overdue. Didn't expect to ever actually see that happen, though. Beautiful. I love the titles, too! Crazy to see that I'm not the only one who picked up on the drums in the beginning of Skyrim's main theme potentially representing Doom-Drum. Being honest, these past few weeks have been a deep struggle for me... Thank you for making this, it helps ease things.

@Great-Runas

2 ай бұрын

honestly yeah

'bout time the soundtrack got its own Special Edition

The god of tonal architecture returns, and brings fire from the mountains like Prometheus

that intro has me sold, the moment i reinstall skyrim im adding this as an essential mod

Let it never be said that the Young Scrolls cannot match his elders, for both bring knowledge and vibes from beyond time and creation.

The decision for minimalistic use of instruments makes it really immersive, because it almost puts you in a trance.

The title theme always gets me. I downloaded this and I will NEVER change it back

By the gods, I genuinely think you might've revitalized Skyrim for me. Every single track just fits so perfectly, and hearing them play ingame is a new level of beauty. I've listened to a lot of your stuff from over the years, and yet you still manage to reach new heights. You are one of the brightest spots in the entire TES fandom, in my view.

This makes me want to play Skyrim, which is not a feeling I have felt in quite some time.

Bro, for real back in 2016-2018 in college i played an unhealthy amount of skyrim and thought to myself, that's enough skyrim forever. this made me redownload. You are basically a legend in the TES community.

Dance of the Magne Ge made me cry, and I haven't cried in a long while, I want to thank you for that, for this amazing song, this amazing album. I hope you go on to make more great stuff.

Smiling, vibing to the first track... then the vocals hit and I just asked "What?" out loud to myself. I think I might be in love.

Jesus fucking christ, upping the ante on the OG soundtrack is one hell of the move. Tears.

This feels like a love letter to Oblivion, Morrowind, Witcher and even LotR OSTs, beautiful work. As if we needed any more proof than your meme raps that you are a visionary.

Pure, raw, amazing genius... You are a True Tonal Architect.

🗣 PRAISE THE NINE❗🔥🔥🔥❗

@DMIwriter

2 ай бұрын

The Thalmor would like to know your location

Я включила видео не ожидая ничего, но первые секунды так поразили меня, что я без перерыва прослушала весь час без пауз. Это невероятная работа. Столько эмоций и чувств.

@Greyhlm

Ай бұрын

Young scrolls реально гений. Он заслужил фанатов во всём комьюнити древних свитков. Я не особо люблю моды на замену саундтреков, потому что зачастую они выбивают из погружения, так как звучат неестественно, но это... Просто нечто.

This is the first music mod I've heard that I actually enjoy. Not that the others are bad, they just don't feel like they fit? This fits. This is baller. Thank you.

Now we know why you've been quieter for a while. A worthy project to cook in secret indeed.

This mod took less than twenty of minutes of gameplay to make my "must have in every playthrough" list. Class act!

Holy fuck. this is not what i was expecting. but well done man Edit: This is genuinely fucking insane. It's so clear how much work you put into it. This is going into every modded playlist i make from now regardless of theme.

You're no longer Young my man, You've earned the Elder title, becoming one of the Legends.

@Soushianse

25 күн бұрын

❤❤❤

THIS IS THE PERFECT SOUNDTRACK TO RESEARCH LORE AND WRITE TO Thank you so much, Young Scrolls. Whenever you upload on this passion project, it is a guiding light in a sky pitch black.

this feels like a gift, my god. been modding skyrim for ten years and this is the first time i've EVER found a soundtrack overhaul i had to install, no questions asked.

I really really hope Nerevar's Lament for the Sharmat is a Gilgamesh reference! Literally in awe for the multitude of layers in your work man!

I really respect the thought put into this, reading through the nexus page its obvious you put so much thought into how these tracks should be composed and how they exist in the context of the series and the original pieces for the game. It was cool to read how you are deliberately going away from Jeremy Soule's style of composition, trying to incorporate regional instrumentation and even made the decision to leave the Sovngarde ambience untouched. There's just so much care put into this, it's hard to try and make something like this that isn't just retreading old ground while still having the ability to tell when to go back to the original well for inspiration. I particularly love that new main menu theme, I love how it incorporates the Nerevar Rising drums and melody but in a way I've never particularly heard before, it feels like a battle against the forces of entropy, a theme that fits a game about trying to fight against a creature named World Eater. I love how the piece doesnt really give an answer as to whether you'll win or not (in contrast to Skyrim's theme that seems pretty bombastic and heroic), the whole thing just feels like it questions if you really can win, there's hints of hope in there but a lot of despair and uncertainty.

Just imagining Lorkhan wandering in yon Dawning, making his speeches that enthrall all the greater and smaller spirits of Aetherius with the dream of reaching Amaranth; and then feeling yourself to be a creature of the Wandering Ehlnofey walking the slopes of Skyrim, seeing the manifest monument of Nirn that Lorkhan gave his heart to realise with all its overwhelming beauty, is enough to make me choke up. Excellent work, Young Scrolls!

This is just beautiful! The tunes feel inspired by the in-game cultures they came from (scandinavian for the Nord tracks and a mix of eastern music for the Dunmer) with the kulning-style female voices and the melancholic Morrowind music, I'm downloading this as soon as I can!

I swear, between you and Allinall. You guys make some of the best audio tracks/content for the elder scrolls. Definitely gonna be downloading this for my next playthrough! Stuff is a work of passion bro.

We’re cooking a load of sweet rolls with this one 🔥

what in the hell. dropping an entire ost out of nowhere and it whips this severely? jeremy whomst'? young scrolls for life. banzai and amen.

my favorite track here by far is WE WERE ONCE HERE. it's so different from anything in the vanilla soundtrack, anything in this album, and as far as i can remember, anything from TES as a whole. it feels like actual music the snow elves would make - a mix of east-asian strings like their chimer neighbors, some chanting that feels nord-like but less pronounced, and some metallic instrument i can't identify (around 44:20) that reminds me of a dwemer city. this track is fuckin' brilliant, it gave me shivers the first time i listened to it. makes me feel like i'm actually exploring the ruins of a dead civilization. gods bless the tonal architect

@ThereMayBeLions

Ай бұрын

I've seen that, I think I actually like WE'RE STILL HERE that much better because it revisits the theme of that song.

The urge to beat Skyrim again with this masterpiece soundtrack is brutal

Bought this on bandcamp so I could download the .WAVs and intall this directly into my music directory for Morrowind. I don't play so much skyrim anymore but I'm having the most transcendent time, it still fits super well. This is the most immersed in a game I've been in a while. I love this.

I was going into this thinking it'd be a bunch of cheeky songs much like the covers prior to this album... Oh, how wrong I was... and how wonderful it is to be wrong in such a day and age. Absolutely astonishing work. Well done! :D

Tremendous! You are simply brilliant at what you do...

This is so good, it got me reminiscing about my early days in Skyrim just exploring and doing all the things you would do in any Elder Scrolls title. You really are a Tonal Architect, YS. Divines bless you and your future endeavours.

Honestly incredible. Super professional, emotionally stirring, dramatic, and overall just epic. That music for Solstheim hits just right. Absolutely beautiful, and I'll be listening to this again and again.

This is insane. Great work

It sounds as if The Elder Scrolls meets The Witcher, which are my two favorite game series of all time, I love this. Gonna replay Skyrim again just so I can listen to this ingame.

jawdroppingly good work right off the bat. literally in awe

Wow this is incredible! Such a lovely soundtrack! Thank you so much for your hard work!

Phenomenal work as always, youngscrolls. Keep it pushing!

Bro... Your work has always inspired me. God bless you.

This is amazing, you should be really proud of it. Top notch work.

I wondered what you've been up to lately. This is worth every second. Good job to everyone involved.

this is wonderful work. love the combat tracks!!

Did not expect this but I am mind blown and this is incredible!

God bless you. Above all things this was beautiful thank you so much.

holy SHIT that's a lot of content!! thank you for sharing!!💖💖💖

Where was this all my times playing? It sounds so good! Thanks so much for making this!

My lord, the scope of this mod is incredible! Amazing work!!

YOU MADE BOSS MUSIC FOR THE UMBRA FIGHT??? HOLY FUCK MY GUY, BEAUTIFUL! I LOVE THAT FIGHT.

This is amazing my good sir. Endorsed and voted for mod of the month!

This is too beautiful, I can't wait to have it in game. Thank you for all that you do!

Absolutely phenomenal work. Probably the best soundtrack mod I've heard up to date. Will definitely be my pick for the next playthrough.

This is truly amazing, thank you

Absolutely beautiful - can't emphasize enough how clear the heart and skill behind this is

This sounds so good! Great work!

Your use of the cello is so gorgeous throughout. It seriously gives me chills.

Fantastic job. Very well done!

Going through the ringer right now and was actually thinking of listening to your music to unwind. Much to my surprise, thankfully, you just uploaded! Thank you!

Awe inspiring work!

beautiful. powerful. all around exquisite. this might be your best work man!

Thank you for sharing this! I started a new playthrough with your mod installed today, and the new soundtrack gave just the perfect facelift to my Skyrim experience. Absolutely wonderful music and mod

Immediate subscription and like. Wow. I'm not even through the first minute but I am beyond captivated by an emotion I cannot name. I cannot wait to hear the rest of this.

absolutely insane dude! I'm completely stunned. Very few people can create something the scope of this; amazing effort! What a beautiful soundtrack

Dear lord this is incredible! Good work!!

You have done an excellent job here, it's amazing to see how far you've come

This is simply incredible. I've finished listening the whole thing and I have no words to describe how beautifully done and well put together this whole OST is.

He keeps on giving, thank you!

Thank you so much for blessing my ears youngscrolls

The definition of a welcome surprise. Wow man, you never cease to amaze

Skyrim has a WHOLE new atmosphere with this

I love all the music you've done so far, but I have to say, this is hands down your best work. Incredible talent. You should be proud of yourself.