Introduction to chirality | Stereochemistry | Organic chemistry | Khan Academy
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Introduction to chirality (handedness), and how chirality is related to the groups bonded to a central carbon. Created by Sal Khan.
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Organic Chemistry on Khan Academy: Carbon can form covalent bonds with itself and other elements to create a mind-boggling array of structures. In organic chemistry, we will learn about the reactions chemists use to synthesize crazy carbon based structures, as well as the analytical methods to characterize them. We will also think about how those reactions are occurring on a molecular level with reaction mechanisms. Simply put, organic chemistry is like building with molecular Legos. Let's make some beautiful organic molecules!
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Пікірлер: 221
"I'm not going to write the whole thing" (Dead silence. No one arguing with you) "I'll just write the whole thing" hahaha Anyways this video/playlist is super helpful. Thanks.
@laughingkoffin
4 жыл бұрын
"won't write whole thing" (Thinks for a while) "Naah, they are dumb, they won't understand")
@mohamadhanan5706
4 жыл бұрын
lol
@mohamadhanan5706
4 жыл бұрын
@@laughingkoffin lol hahaha
i am a south african student...just letting you know u helping even us who are so far away..thank you.
@gurkiitis112
9 жыл бұрын
fulufhelo nemutandani physics and agriculture are not the same thing
@DogeFrom2014
8 жыл бұрын
+shao khan shut up
@gurkiitis112
8 жыл бұрын
DOGE™ make me
@DogeFrom2014
8 жыл бұрын
***** m9 ill rek u i swear on me mum!!!!
@DogeFrom2014
8 жыл бұрын
***** don't let your dreams be dreams!!!!!!!!
wow, I really can't thank you enough sooooo helpful! Thanks for taking time out of your day to make these videos, you help tons of students everywhere!
after blackboard is full it looks so pretty with all those colors
Thank you sir for helping to simplify the only chemistry I've taken where I can feel the air stir above me as the entire lesson flew over my head.
@mohamedfazil6345
2 жыл бұрын
9 years ago u made a comment and no likes I fell bad to pass u by. Here's mine👍.go on
@shahadali9477
7 ай бұрын
That is very caring of u. I'm liking ur comment two years after and his 11 years after wow @@mohamedfazil6345
"I am not gonna write the whole thing" "I m gonnna write the whole thing" 😂😂 SAL is the best💜💜
You are litterally saving me with these videos. I don't get anything in Chemistry but this is wow. So thank you!!
Sal I hope you know that you are an inspiration to millions of students around the world watching your videos everyday. I really wish you the best and may you succeed in everything you wish to accomplish
I always look up your vid so I can understand organic chemistry. Thank you so much!
Thank you for saving me right now, I am actually having trouble understanding it so I searched on youtube. Thank you!
sal, you have saved my life, with your organic chemistry videos..!!! awesomeeeeee
SOOO HELPFUL. Thank you so much for taking the time to make all these videos!
Brilliant video! It's amazing how simple things are when they're explained well.
Thank you Khan Acad! Finally makes sense.
This is so cool. I've never learned this before I saw this video. Love your videos.
This concept was not making any sense to me, but now it does! Thank you.
i cannot express my love for this Organic chemistry videos. saving me in college :D
You are soooo Briliant....this made things super Clear, Big Thank You
Your Orgo teaching skills are phenomenal Mr. Khan!
HEISENBERGGGG
i love you khan academy :') you make my life simpler. i like your handwriting
You guys are doing a great job!!
@Casowsky i didn't catch that but that's why I love him. So patient lol.
I was really worried: I've heard EVERYONE say how difficult oChem is. So when I heard of chirality, I was scared, but this concept comes extremely easy to me.
Thank you so much, this helped me out heaps!!!
your explanation is fantastic thank you alot!
Thank you sir ❤ you really helped me to ace my topics. From India
Makes me think of a short story by Arthur C Clarke about a man who accidentally fell into a 4th dimension of space, resulting in all his molecules changing chirality. The result was that he could not attain nourishment from anything he ate and so started starving.
Thank evolution for inventing hands. Now I can take my hands to the exam and no one will punish me!
Thank you so much....its so helpful
A HIDEO KOJIMA GAME
I prefer to think of it as the study of change
@jayasmrmore3687
3 ай бұрын
think of what? organic chem?
You are a life saver...! THANKS!
Great help for me you have done
You deserve lot of respect .
now i feel like I can teach others organic chemistry! A nice refresher course, wish I continued with organic chemistry in my degree...
@laughingkoffin
4 жыл бұрын
So are you teaching now?
Thank you for this! definitely saved me from flunking the exam
thank Mr khan!!!! your a star!
I'm here to understand Death Stranding better lmao
@yungsxma5578
6 жыл бұрын
IronVigilance Gaming 🙌
@Gadget-Walkmen
5 жыл бұрын
Same!
@laughingkoffin
4 жыл бұрын
System Failed Successfully
Thank you very much. Great
Superimposable***
@laughingkoffin
4 жыл бұрын
He wrote Superimpossible🤣🤣
Sal, the mirror image to be produced is from the right hand( palm side) and not the left.
Best 👏Thank you so much
i used to watch random useless failblog videos when i was procrastinating. but now i watch Sal's videos when im bored and dont feel like studying!!
"I'm not gonna write the whole thing...." "Let me just write the whole thing."
OMB thaxx a looooot!! You don´t how much u´ve helped me ;)
Thank You Sir 😊
great illustration
thank you soooo much
Depends on what symmetry they have. Even chiral molecules can have symmetry of some sorts.
thank you sir
thank you!!!!
Thanks....
I LOVE YOU this makes sense
You r awesome!
these 10year old videos are gold
Great video
Love it from Ethiopia 💯👍
you are just soooo smart!!!!!!!!!
Just one question, the hydrogen in the example( in between the other two groups) is in the centre it will still be in the centre which ever way it is rotated ???
@laughingkoffin
4 жыл бұрын
It is not in centre, it is in 3d. So in reality you won't be able to tell which one is middle or which one is at the edge
Gracias.
tnx again for this another helpful video...I jst have this one doubt regarding chiral carbon...so..if there is one ethyl group and one butyl group at two sides of one carbon nd two different groups on other two sides..will it be chiral carbon..or not??I mean.. are ethyl and butyl are two different groups here??advanced tnx..
Some hands on learning, going on here.
@DaKingCobra11 The hand example is a 2 dimensional figure so I can rotate it to be superimposable.. But if it was SP3 molecule you couldn't superimpose them.... am I seeing this right?
Awesomeeee !!! =D FinaLy i get itt .. thx
Meso tartaric acid has a non superimposible mirror image (R,S) and (S,R)... so is it chiral?
Sal's everyone's favourite uncle :)
When I give a speech on my med graduation day, I will say 'I would like to thanks those who has always been there for me, and those are, Mr Google, KhanAcademy and Mr KZread'.
@rurueuedits
3 жыл бұрын
ms*
@jayasmrmore3687
3 ай бұрын
Huh?@@rurueuedits
How would you find R or S if there is no chiral center on your line drawing?
When is chemistry for 12th India coming in app?
you rock...
BASED KHAN
If I raise my left hand and touch the mirror the hand in the mirror directly superimposes onto the hand touching the mirror so I don’t understand.
I sit in class for 1 hour and 20 minutes hearing the droning of a refrigerator and learn nothing. I sit here for 6 minutes and it starts to make sense.
@amory88 R and S only work for chiral centers..
"I'm not gonna write the entire thing." "I'll just write the entire thing." Man was defeated.
Ok it veary good,thak
I don't even need to know this, but his voice makes me feel clever and I'm in exam week so... yeh xd
@jayasmrmore3687
3 ай бұрын
Always good to have more knowledge
L-form and D-form, are how the molecule "bends light". R- and S- designation, are shorthand to distinguish between the two enantiomers, left or right handedness of molecule. Eg, when the smallest side group attached to a chiral carbon, is placed at rear of molecule, then the three other groups may rotate clockwise (R-), or anticlockwise (S-), going from heaviest side group, to second heaviest, then third. Oggston discovered that nature can tell the difference between 2 different, and two similar side groups, by the nature of attachment. The example Biochemists quote is cis-aconitate in TCA cycle. Might well apply to Glutamic acid, eg MSG. Hope it wasn't synthetically sourced, Chemists just don't get 100% Yields in such reactions (Racemisation)!!!
"I'm not gonna write the whole thing, you know, not, superimposable... I'll just write the whole thing..." lmao
Here after 10 years,,,🔥....
Wait so are only asymmetrical molecules chiral, or can symmetrical molecules be chiral?
Chiral centres are applicable in amino acids, though some are likely to be Oggston's 3-point attachment theorem. Hence, they are essential in enzymes (in nature L-form). So, primary, secondary, tertiary structures of enzymes would be altered by D-form, I believe.
@davidtownsend6367
6 жыл бұрын
Imagine an enzyme as, a left hand glove on a right hand? Maybe, driving gloves?????
There's a spelling mistake in this video Sal!!! It's spelled superimposable not superimposible
I'm a little confused, at 4:02 you mentioned carbon is bonded with CH 3 a methyl group ? isn't it an ethyl since it's two carbon and not one ? eth= 2 carbon, and meth=1 carbon ? or do i got it wrong ?
@bjl687
9 жыл бұрын
It's methyl. When considering identifying a group you just identify what protrudes from the central Carbon...since only CH3 protrudes from the central Carbon than it is only a Methyl. If you were to name the molecule though it would be Ethyl: 1-Bromo-1-Fluroehtyl (the rules for naming molecules IUPAC and naming groups can be a bit tricky and requires work to learn)
So the two carbons in the top right are chiral? But they are bonded to the same four groups, just in a different 3D shape...
cutest friggen hand drawing evah
4:40 i think sal messed up the mirror image drawing of the molecule. the methyl group should have a dashed line and the hydrogen should have a wedged line
@goclbert
7 жыл бұрын
TeaNcrumpets RS That would be the same molecule. Sal drew the mirror image.
“This concept explains hands in general”
CH3-CH2-CH=CH2 Is this a chiral compound?
if you take the mirror image of the chiral carbon, wouldn't the methyl group go toward the back and the hydrogen go toward us (the front)?
@andrewmaldonado2603
8 жыл бұрын
No but that's an easy mistake to make. Look closely at the planes in which each of the three groups below the carbon are in. If you looked at it from above (looking downward through the fluorine and carbon) you would see the molecules arranged methane, bromine, hydrogen (counterclockwise) on the left compound. If you looked down on the other it would be methane, hydrogen, bromine. If you rotated the left compound one "tick" counterclockwise, you would have the bromine in back and the hydrogen on the left.
@oliverisaac1132
8 жыл бұрын
+andrew maldonado I was confused too but thanks, your explanation helped
I have an orgo exam in 2 days; I was super pissed until I saw your videos.
I always watch these videos at ×1.25 speed.
❤
The Wikipedia article on chirality is good.
Chiral Network
the 1st person to view this! yay!
It is also called a stereogenic carbon.
I definitely see a yellow hand not a green one lol
are chiral molecules always enantiomers?
@jayasmrmore3687
3 ай бұрын
not necessarily