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@craigscott2315

Жыл бұрын

scotch is actually irish, laphroaig is a single malt scotish whiskey. If you run the stream of molten metal into a long depression that is how damascus steal is still made in india.

@thekak2627

Жыл бұрын

No, you need to build a boat and make a colony before you can industrialized man

@caseyhaywardfoxington5324

Жыл бұрын

hey ive been wondering for abint now and i know your far frar to busy right now with recovering from the ... demon attack on your estate .... but would you at some point be willing to help me with game development stuff alot of your primitive projects are stuff id love to ad in games for realism sake liek th smelting and stuff the potery all of it would be awsome to incorprate but only when your ready and have teh time im also trying to get other people together in my game devlopment currently were only throwing ideas together no coding or designing yet aside from art here and there

@crazyworldcreativepassions7754

Жыл бұрын

I’m sorry but hot metal looks like forbidden orange juice 😂😂

@martinjlopez87

Жыл бұрын

Why didn’t you mention Cody?

I remember primitive technology finding a little bit of bog iron but I had no idea you could have such large deposits. This definitely feels like the epiphany missing link on the evolution of forging that I never knew about.

@Shad0wBoxxer

Жыл бұрын

Same!

@Shad0wBoxxer

Жыл бұрын

@@tripplefives1402 cool story bro, but this here is the missing link for steal and iron for some of is. We know about aluminum from all the other shows but this is the first time in 30 years ive heard of bog ifon

@jb13611

Жыл бұрын

@@Shad0wBoxxer And this is the first time I'm hearing about finding aluminum

@rivitraven

Жыл бұрын

Even better is that bog iron often replenishes very fast because it's made from bacteria that poop it out.

@jebowlin3879

Жыл бұрын

Ive learned so much on this channel

This video was a step above. Nice job. One note about the steel vs iron thing at the end: I learned when doing a related video that (despite what we were all told in grade school) steel is not made by adding carbon to iron. The process to make iron as you've seen adds carbon in extreme excess, and to make steel you have to take most of it away. Raw pig iron has 3.5-4.5% carbon content, and cast iron around 3%. Steel is typically between 0.5 and 2% carbon content. So, you did make iron there at the end. That is, you made what is called iron colloquially and industrially, which is not strictly pure elemental iron.

@riuphane

Жыл бұрын

I was wondering about that, having followed some of you dabbling, thanks for sharing

@sherannaidoo2712

Жыл бұрын

Pure elemental iron is extremely difficult to isolate because of irons reactivity. At best you will achieve 98% pure material and even that will react with oxygen and moisture resulting in oxides and hydroxides.

@betabenja

Жыл бұрын

fight! fight! fight! fight!

@derrickthewhite1

Жыл бұрын

expanding on iron vs. steel, when the alloy is less than 0.5% carbon, it becomes wrought iron: easy to work with, but a little soft. I think wrought iron is what you typically get when you work the iron in the forge too much. So in order of increasing carbon content its wrought Iron -> steel -> cast iron. Steel has the flexibility of wrought iron and the hard toughness of cast iron. But cast iron and wrought iron are easier to make.

@TimeSurfer206

Жыл бұрын

@@sherannaidoo2712 Yup. The process for making Elemental Iron is actually Electrolytic Refining, in a sealed environment.

You really get to see why some cultures have like an iron festival so to speak. Its like a BBQ but for whole village to make the iron they need for plows and cookware. The people taking turns tending the bellows, family members coming in and out with water and lunch, the master smelter overseeing and of course the anticipation of the result. It could really turn into the core of a social event.

@justwastingtimeonyt9952

Жыл бұрын

Good comment

@kaitlyn__L

Жыл бұрын

Yes! The whole time I was thinking it’s a lot for a few people, but for a community to help with a few times a year (or once with good planning), it’s not hard to see how an entire community got the necessities of life done pretty well even back then. You just need the right balance of socialising, fun, drinking (?) etc.

@_GOD_HAND_

Жыл бұрын

@@Gogglesofkrome No, ancient Scandinavian swords (made from bog iron) were universally inferior to swords produced in the European mainland. The famed Ulfberht swords produced by the Franks in the Rhineland were made with steel imported from Central Asia.

@trollmcclure1884

Жыл бұрын

yes, plows and cookware to grow and make alcohol

This was so cool. Everything you’ve made is primitive or early but there was something so vicerally primitive about the three forgers sledgehammering a flaming chunk of bloom on a burning tree stump… incredible

@appo1860

Жыл бұрын

I know right, it's almost just like it used to be back then

@phillipjohn4800

Жыл бұрын

I saw that and thought, dudes rock

@nilo70

Жыл бұрын

DAWN OF TIME

@YounesLayachi

Жыл бұрын

Favourite part too 😅

next project. Crucible steel. You take the bloomery iron, toss in a small amount of glass, Flux, and some charcoal into a ceramic crucible. Air seal it with a clay Cao, and run it at melting temperature for 6-8 hours. Let it cool for a day or two, then break it open. If the charcoal is still there, you did it right. Using that process, you should get a very clean puck of pure steel.

@stevendorries

Жыл бұрын

What does the glass do?

@theirontitan

Жыл бұрын

@@stevendorries the glass sticks to impurities that would have a hard time moving otherwise

@stevendorries

Жыл бұрын

@@theirontitan thanks for the quick answer

@theirontitan

Жыл бұрын

@@stevendorries no problem

@andrewgoss1682

Жыл бұрын

This dude metallurgys

The hammering process was presented phenomenally, really felt like I was watching the ancient process!

@ironhead2008

Жыл бұрын

I think I saw a video on Japanese Swordsmithing where the Iron extracted from the forge was processed in a damn near identical way, the main difference being the Master manipulating the bloom with tongs while the apprentices hammered on it.

@KainYusanagi

Жыл бұрын

@@ironhead2008 That's because they use iron sand, which is basically the same as the bog dirt!

@F_L_U_X

Жыл бұрын

Like he said, the Wendy's bag really transports you into the medieval times...

Man I remember when you were such a small creator. Making your first videos. I didn't watch all of it but I'm Glad your still doing the thing

Man I see why Iron used to be a rich man’s metal, such an arduous and time consuming job.

@SaitoGray

Жыл бұрын

Like everything before the industrial revolution.

@charleslambert3368

Жыл бұрын

And this video doesn't show all the work that went into cutting down trees and making charcoal.

@GAMER123GAMING

Жыл бұрын

The iron age disagrees with this comment

@barredok

Жыл бұрын

@@charleslambert3368 two to three weeks of 24 hour care with the charcoal makers tending the charcoal pit. With no sleep to produce a fifth the total of mass of wood into charcoal.

@delphicdescant

Жыл бұрын

@@GAMER123GAMING The iron age, AKA the age where the rich had iron.

it's so inspiring watching you guys recover from the loss of that fire. Had your own bronze age collapse, and now you're gearing up to hit the iron age in full force.

The process of roasting the ore before smelting has a close link to art. Many pigments are variations of iron oxides. Yellow/Red Ochre, Sienna, Umber, and Mars Black are all various iron oxides. Sienna and Umber come in "raw" and "burnt" forms, which have literally the same starting materials. The "burnt" versions have been roasted at high heat, driving off chemically bound water molecules and producing a color change just like the ore in this video.

@krzysztofbroda5376

Жыл бұрын

They probably figured out iron smelting from adding iron glazes onto pots

@hedgehog3180

Ай бұрын

The water isn't chemically bound, it is trapped within the structure of the crystals so it's physically bound.

'we didn't make iron' *aww man, not agian* 'WE MADE STEEL!' *WOOOOO*

"If you're going to do it Primitive, bog iron is the way to go!" Yeah, I remember there being some guy in the woods, something Technology, doing that way back; didn't he just begin that journey anew in the latest video? Also, what a joyous feeling to be able to say "the latest Primitive technology video" and it being from the current year!

Honestly a bloom party sounds an all around great time

Nobody: Andy: I've got a jar of dirt! I've got a jar of dirt!

I was looking at a century-old map of where I live now. The area right around my home was labelled "Iron Bog". Well, I know what I need to do ...

Damn, adri going ham on that bloom. It didn't stand a chance

Great video! On a side note: that's not steel, too much carbon concentration. That's called pig iron, or crude iron

@marscraft4228

Жыл бұрын

Thank you! What we ended up with is a mix of iron, steel, and close to cast iron in places. But the majority is mid to high carbon steel. I'll be running it through a fining hearth to homogenize the material into something more cooperative in an upcoming video.

It's really interesting how easy it is to go PAST iron and into steel. Kind of makes one wonder why there was an "Iron Age" for so long before steel took over

@therandomguy1315

Жыл бұрын

iron and steel have always gone hand in hand but getting an iron bloom is more useful than a steel one due to the amount of effort refining a steel one takes compared to an iron one because its harder

@danilooliveira6580

Жыл бұрын

because the "iron age" was more like steel age, pure iron tools are actually not very useful (though apparently they were thing). but the "iron age" also include the use of steel. "steel age" is actually not a real age, its what some people call when people started to manipulate the carbon content of steel with extreme precision the point where they could mass produce steel with precise properties.

@gavind351

Жыл бұрын

It's called the Iron Age because it's when humanity started to manipulate iron into different materials. Steel is one of those. Back then, it was hard to get a consistent carbon content. It was until the industrial revolution and the Bessemer Process we got higher carbon steel more reliably.

@ericwilner1403

Жыл бұрын

Thing is: metallurgical iron isn't the same thing as chemical iron. Cast iron is elemental iron plus way too much carbon to be steel. Remove most of the carbon, and you have carbon steel. Remove all of the iron (and the other impurities), and you have what a chemist would call iron, i.e., the actual element. It's a funny old language, and the meaning of words often depend on the context.

@dj1NM3

Жыл бұрын

I would hazard a cautious guess that most items listed as "iron" (unless definitely cast iron, but that's not pure elemental iron) in museums are actully made from at least a low-grade steel containing some carbon, because completely taking all the impurities out of naturally ocurring iron is really almost impossible, at least until the technology of the Henry Bessemer's converter in 1856.

Gosh I have seen multiple blooms on the internet before but never one that nice! It was high carbon but honestly that just means you did it well, you can remove as much carbon as you need! It really goes to show how important high quality ore is. It kind of sucks how hard it is to source it but at least bog iron gives us a chance, unlike other ores that large companies can take over.

I've watched this channel for a while, I enjoy the content and the way they explain things! They are also not afraid to ask for help, thanks so much for this, I'm sure to enjoy many, many more hours of this!

😆 This was an amazing adventure!

Quick question for glass workers: would that slag be useful for Andy to learn glass craft, assuming he can make a furnace hot enough to work glass with?

When the big bloom chunk started deforming instead of crumbling, I got so excited! That's a ton of iron!

This is just about the coolest I have seen in a long time, the hammering team work and the absolute beauty of the slag tapping, all from mountain dirt!

This video is really cool! Primitive Technology did a similar thing where he collected water logged soil from a creek that contained iron bacteria, combined it with charcoal and dried clay and smelted it in his kiln. In the end, he only retrieved a handful of iron prills but the experiment worked out very well.

I like how you guys include a lot of what most other creators would leave on the cutting-room floor (whether personal or environmental gaffs). It really helps to paint the picture of the hardships you went through to source these materials, and gives a better idea of what our ancestors would've taken for granted as just another part of the process "back in the day".

I really enjoy watching the videos like this because they answer the overall question of reset in the best negative way possible: no, one person could not reinvent everything from scratch, because so much of this stuff is so simultaneously labor intensive and time sensitive that one person couldn’t do it all in the allotted time frames. They’re all community efforts.

I think this may be one of the coolest of your videos yet! It looked like it was straight out of a RenFest watching that smelt, and now I want to go bog-iron hunting!

It's always fun to watch these videos. I always learn so much

This is amazing, it really shows how complicated it is to make something as simple as steel.

In Western Australia raw iron ore is in such abundance you can see it in large patches on the ground in small grain form. Once I got a magnet and waved it above the patch to see what would happen, it was pure enough to attach to the magnet

@nothinggrand3805

Жыл бұрын

Iron is everywhere here in Australia. I can just go out the back and find tiny rocks that contain iron.

@lorrainemunoa791

Жыл бұрын

One reason parts of Utah and much of the Australian continent have that same look in common- that deep red rock!

@rascal6112

Жыл бұрын

Also from WA! I was gonna comment how it seems so strange to cross state lines and go on such a trek when red dirt is just everywhere here, but I guess that's why we've got so many mines for iron while America has got like coal mines

I really liked this video format. Keep going 💪🏻

This is incredible. I love recognising people that you’ve worked with before helping you find ore, congregating around the fire and tiring to turn a hellish mass into something useful. A lot about the terrifying reputation of forges and blacksmiths makes a lot more sense now.

I frickin love this channel! Out of the zillions of channels im sub'd to, yours is miles ahead of my second favourite :) Yall rock!

According to the book "Collapse" by Jared Diamond, bog iron production used so much charcoal that the norse ended up deforesting Iceland. The initial forests were simply far too slow to repopulate.

@hedgehog3180

Ай бұрын

That sounds wrong to me, Iceland doesn't exactly have a lot of bogs, they're mostly found in Southern Scandinavia. Also all iron production requires charcoal, not just bog iron, it was only with the invention of refractory furnances that coal started being used.

Awesome video, I didn´t know that method for collecting ore, it´s so primitive but also a good way for ancient people to find a large supply of high carbon steel. I really love this channel.

It’s crazy how much silica slag just comes out of there. Is there any project silica is good for? I mean you’ve got so much of it now 🤷🏻‍♂️

@marscraft4228

Жыл бұрын

I saved all of the slag from this smelt as it still contains a fair amount of iron. I'll then add it to a future smelt to extract it further!

Loved the slag liquid. It looked so cool.

This whole production and the effort that went into it was awesome! Seeing the liquid glass pour out that thing like an industrial furnace was amazing and not what I was expecting!

OMG, you guys are the poster child for hiking in the wild without any proper equipment (boots maybe??), and getting stuck and needing rescue. So glad that did not happen. Please take care!

I saw Good and Basic and Utah mountains and had to re-check the date this was released. I was confused because the beginning felt like I had already seen this video! But then you finally showed them with Cody from CodysLab and thaaats when I realized where i've seen this iron ore before!

@Zaliant

Жыл бұрын

do you remember what range this is in? almost looks like the southern wasatch

One of my favorite episodes, great work guys!

Great to see you with Good & Basic. You guys share a lot of the same interests and should collab more!

That was flipping amazing! I was NOT expecting that much metal to come out of that dirt. That blows my mind how it is naturally produced...

One of the coolest videos you have done. Really exciting to see iron and steel come out of red dirt.

I'm from Southern New Jersey. The first major industry here was bog iron. The water here is so iron rich it stains your skin when you swim in it.

man, seeing that bloom getting pulled out was a thrill! congrats on leveling up!

would be cool to find some of this in my local bogs, definitely going to look for some when i next go hiking

Watching the slah flownout of the furnace was so cool.

@OmniversalInsect

Жыл бұрын

At first I thought it was iron being wasted lol

@hedgehog3180

Ай бұрын

Looked like the one cool scene in The Hobbit movies.

Solid goals, exciting things in the future!

This was absolutely the coolest video from the teamwork to the primitive knowledge it’s just awesome

Consolidating that into a useable billet is going to be a fun time. I've looked into that process and it's a lot of cutting and folding and/or stacking and [forge] welding. Don't be surprised your arms get tired near the end from all the hammering. Remember to Swing with more of the shoulder than the elbow, aim small miss small, and eat loads of protein when you can; you'll need every bit of effort with that.

Outstanding vid as always. Glad you bounced back from the fire.

This channel is a very cool way to learn history and historical methods. Love it.

What a great success! This was amazing!

I really liked this video. Having the very obvious success was a very satisfying thing to watch 👍

Wow I love these videos so much I'm 12 but I've learned so much off these videos that I didn't even know about and it's so cool to see someone live off there own stuff as much as they can it's so cool

I was so happy when you didn't try to smelt with Good and Basic again. They seem like nice enough guys but to actually have somebody that knows what they are doing with smelting... it is nice to finally walk away with a success.

This was very interesting. looked like a fun trip and explore. Thanks for sharing👍⛏

Impressive, but what's even more impressive? That your grandparents made the same hike uphill both ways while it was hailing half dollar sized hail.

Cheers to the Good and Basic guys for taking the trip with you

That was entertaining AND educating, loved it

Exciting stuff!! That is a massive bloom!

Looking forward to the video about different iron alloys! 😃

Hey that long walk gives you an idea of what it took to gather the resources like they did back then. Love the videos I’ve watched almost every one besides the food ones.

Okay learning about the iron bog thing was awesome

Joe and Adrian outside working that hunk of steel was such a nice shot, not even really introduced into the video because they're just part of the community now. Inventions and innovations are nice but they'd get us nowhere without some good old fashioned teamwork, with specialists in each field c:

Can't wait for some hiker to find your dig site and get spooked by it, since they lack all context to what the holes were for. Good job though, trekking for 7 miles isn't easy, and doesn't get any easier when you have to trudge back with cargo.

My old yard in Traphill, NC in the smoky mountains was pretty much all FE203, and so was all of my clothing!!! Granite mountains and red clay ;)

Can i just say thank you for adding the sponsor timer, what a thoughtful addition you lovely minnesotan man!

One of the best episodes so far. I'm excited where it leads to.

Love the science lesson! Thanks!

I've been watching for some time and this is honestly a really nice episode

@thelastsmith

Жыл бұрын

OMG ty for seeing me HTME I've been here since the dark ages XD jkjk

This was so educative!!

The old ways almost always require a good amount of hard work but that is what advanced society to what it is now. Welcome to the steel age. It will be fun to watch you keep advancing all the way into the silicon age that we are in currently.

@rivitraven

Жыл бұрын

Correction, we are in the PLASTIC age.

Really cool. Amazed that I had never heard of Bog Iron before!

I got lost in this video. I was hooked the whole way through. Awesome video

I haven't watched the entire video yet, just saw the intro. I've been asking where Nate is on the TKOR videos! And awesome, you met up with Cody's Lab too!

This was an incredible video!!

8:58 - 9:05 "Justice is love out loud" - I love that shirt

"We've accidentally made steel." I was not expecting that! Honestly I was not expecting most of what was demonstrated. This is an amazing and educational video!

@rolfbjorn9937

Жыл бұрын

This is not steel, this is so high in carbon that it's beyond cast iron. Cast iron has more carbon than carbon steel, ironically.

@FullmetalAngyl

Жыл бұрын

@@rolfbjorn9937 Ah. I was quoting them.

@rolfbjorn9937

Жыл бұрын

@@FullmetalAngyl Well, Yesterday Me is technically not 100% right, I just had a breakfast illumination, there's a term for it, it's a bloom or bloomery iron. See, High Carbon Steel is...way under 2% where cast iron is beyond 4%. Their bloom seems to be in the past 4-5% and obviously all blooms need further work to turn into either wrought iron or steel.

Cool to see Adrian helping out, too!

What a fun and amazing episode hoping for you to succeed in making that steel into a good use like making a boiler 😅😉

I am proud of what you have accomplished. My money well spent.

Wow, nice smelt! Good job!

you can also extract iron from iron stained mud which is early bog deposits or what happens if the conditions arnt right to for a bog but he ground stays wet for a length of time. ps glad to see cody again, i dont see him often enough these days.

Yessssss ! god that was a long time coming, so happy to see it

I want to see lathes for metal, going to the age of precision.

At a daycare that my uncle owned, and my mom worked at, I remember digging in the sand pit, and finding what we called "Tiger Sand" because it was orange and layered in with darker sand. I also remember finding iron fillings in the sand with a magnet toy. the owner also regularly had sand delivered in a huge pile, and we loved to climb and dig in it, until eventually they spread it out. I later came to the conclusion that the sand may have come from a local foundry, and had most of the iron filings pulled out with magnets, but some small (harmless) amounts were left.

Very cool vid. Always love the content!

excellent video thank you

Fascinating!

I loved the idea of making things from scratch

@exazebra

Жыл бұрын

It really puts things into perspective. I can't even imagine how long time it would take to make a sandwich from scratch in this way..

@OmniversalInsect

Жыл бұрын

Well yeah thats the whole idea of the channel

Huge amount of old mines, bog iron, and ore all over railroads and tailings dumped in parkinglots at beaches are everywhere in the ADK's. especially by the vt bridge in port henry

Great content again!!

You should visit the Old Irontown ruins near Newcastle Utah. There are the remains of large charcoal kilns made in the late 1800s to produce charcoal by tons, a blast furnace, a few other things I can't think of off the top of my head, and you can see the old open pit mines on the side of the mountains there. There is so much of that rust dirt in the area you can see whole mountainsides with the color. It's one of the richest reserves of iron in the country that has been largely untapped for some reason.

He didn't even mention Cody in the intro. Shots fired.

Really intresting video, looking forward to see what you manage to make from it ^^

Coolness, to the very high level.