I almost LOST my baby *She was violently shaken at 3 months old* SHAKEN BABY SYNDROME

It is estimated that 1,000-3,000 children in the United States are shaken each year, but it is likely that many cases go unreported or undiagnosed.
I am reposting this video because May is Shaking Baby Syndrome Awareness Month. This is not a story I can say over and over again, This is something I’ve always held dear to my heart being one of the most traumatic times of my life.
With MaKenzie approval, we are sharing this video in hopes that someone may see the signs early in their partner and get them help or leave such toxic behavior. Our babies deserve better
#shakingbabysyndrome #sbs

Пікірлер: 376

  • @kokuhakuqiun4215
    @kokuhakuqiun42152 ай бұрын

    Thank god she’s as independent as she is. Shaken Baby Syndrome can cause lasting damage that can affect various parts of life for those who were shaken.

  • @naturalcurls4life576
    @naturalcurls4life576Ай бұрын

    But God! The enemy tried to take your child. I thank God that you were attentive and knew her arm was broken and immediately took her to the dr. I thank God for her healing and that she is living a good life. I’m also glad and thankful that her Dad took accountability and justice prevailed. God bless you and your children.

  • @The.frostedrose
    @The.frostedrose2 ай бұрын

    I went septic after my twins were born. Brought them home from the nicu and spent weeks trying to survive. I was so scared to leave the kids with their father to seek medical attention. He impregnated me as a form of control, to prevent me from leaving. It was such an exhausting part of my life. I'm grateful you're sharing this story publicly. It is a relief to see women speaking out on these distressing topics.

  • @AmeliaEarhart53756

    @AmeliaEarhart53756

    Ай бұрын

    So sorry that happened to you 😢 Did he go to jail? How are y'all doing now?

  • @Redblueladybug
    @Redblueladybug2 ай бұрын

    This explains why you have so much patience with Mikko. Thanks to ma kenzie for allowing you to sharing it with us.

  • @gymrat1268

    @gymrat1268

    2 ай бұрын

    Not necessarily. She just likely not a violent person in general.

  • @anyalockhart6796

    @anyalockhart6796

    Ай бұрын

    MIkko is also autistic and she’s doing so well :)

  • @angelahall7147

    @angelahall7147

    13 күн бұрын

    ​@@anyalockhart6796Yes, she is❤

  • @jeanyluv5106
    @jeanyluv51062 ай бұрын

    How dare him try to blame you. Now if you was put in jail, both babies would be in the hands of danger. He can't handle one, how would he have handled 2 smh. Thanks to God you had proof. Thats terrible and disgusting of him!

  • @satansoup
    @satansoup2 ай бұрын

    I’ve been silently watching you for awhile. This video got me in tears. I’ve only one son, and I remember him crying and I just didn’t know what to do. I was so fortunate to my mother, she loved to tell me, “crying not dying, set him down in his cribby and take a step back” and I just can’t imagine not having that kind voice in my ear. You’re wonderful and I really admire all your strength and patience. I absolutely adore you and your family 🖤🖤

  • @JadeMcPherson
    @JadeMcPherson2 ай бұрын

    The fact that he tried to blame you is just horrific, I would have been in jail for murder

  • @jeanyluv5106

    @jeanyluv5106

    2 ай бұрын

    Exactly, now if she was put in jail, both babies would be in the hands of danger. He can't handle one, how would he have handled 2 smh.

  • @echofoxtrot2.051

    @echofoxtrot2.051

    2 ай бұрын

    Cowards always shirk responsibility. Always. He's a coward.

  • @Mchannelw
    @Mchannelw2 ай бұрын

    I feel so much pain for you… hearing about how your poor baby got her arm broken by her bio father and was shaken violently to a point where she doesn’t even cry anymore. I have a baby almost 3 months right now, and just imagining this happen to my baby or any baby is nightmarish. I am so sorry for you and your dear daughter. And thank you for spreading awareness.

  • @turtusswimus3292
    @turtusswimus32922 ай бұрын

    Precious, I'm not sure what to say because everyone has said it already. But I was moved to tears by your video. I'm now a 63-year-old mom/grandma and I can barely imagine what you felt. However, I'm certain that by you and Ma'Kenzie sharing, some children will be helped and saved. Your bravery is commendable. Hugs Mama 💜

  • @gymnasticlife1788
    @gymnasticlife17882 ай бұрын

    Ironically May is also mental health awareness month which coincides with your story and how we can choose to handle our stress or mental health so that we don't become overwhelmed. I'm so sorry for what you went thru and sending love to your daughter ❤️ so brave to share such a personal touching story with us and yet I hope it helps to bring awareness and open conversations for young parents on how to handle the rough days. Bless you for all you do 💚

  • @Zion_IMOLE
    @Zion_IMOLE2 ай бұрын

    This was hard for me to continue watching once she started talking about how the baby was picked up by her arm 😢😢😢😢 Jesus. Bless your heart mama.

  • @sandyvalinti8042
    @sandyvalinti80422 ай бұрын

    Thank you for telling your story. I pray all babies are protected from this abuse all over the world. I pray your daughter grows up to be a normal child despite what has happened . ✨💕✨🙏✨

  • @mgm2008
    @mgm2008Ай бұрын

    You can't be there for your children every minute! Don't blame yourself! ♥️

  • @adambata4667
    @adambata4667Ай бұрын

    I love that you're a Mom that loves your babies.

  • @MG-hz7wi
    @MG-hz7wiАй бұрын

    I don't even have babies anymore. My kids are grown, but they haven't had any children of their own. I just saw a short, and I came to the channel because you seemed so patient and caring as a mother. I was bawling my eyes out by the end when I was looking at your daughter's photos. It was not your fault. That's what's so scary. Someone very close to you can do something like this, and you may not know and it will affect your child for the rest of their life.. my daughter has adhd, and she was diagnosed by the time she was 5. It was pretty serious in the beginning, but medication helped her quite a bit. I didn't like to medicate her though. We would take her off medication whenever she wasn't in school. We took her off medication halfway through her freshman year of high school. She did just fine, and she has grown into a strong independent woman. She always knew what she wanted from the time she was a small child, and nothing ever got in her way. She's a strong person, stronger than her mother. I'm so proud of both my kids. They're good people. You seem like an amazing mother, and for some reason I was drawn to you. Even though the subject matter isn't relevant to me, it moves me and I want to see more of what you share about your life. You are beautiful. People amaze me sometimes

  • @TheeMademoiselle
    @TheeMademoiselle2 ай бұрын

    This is disturbing. I am so sorry this happened to your child. 😞 he is such a horrible person. He could have at least told you. This is unacceptable 🙂‍↔️. Like you said, let the baby cry. Don’t hurt them.

  • @scarletweb2106

    @scarletweb2106

    2 ай бұрын

    I'm sorry

  • @theecharmedfairy
    @theecharmedfairy2 ай бұрын

    This entire channel is a godsend … so impactful

  • @jodygiles8223
    @jodygiles822317 күн бұрын

    Oh my goodness! You have been through so much as a mother and you seem so strong, So loyal and dedicated! You need to be told daily JUST HOW AMAZING YOU ARE AT BEING A MUMMA!!! You truly are a beautiful mother!! Always remember YOU ARE THE BEST MOMMA THOSE GORGEOUS BABIES COULD ASK FOR! Xoxx Sending support and love from Australia 🇦🇺 ❤

  • @montialarson
    @montialarson2 ай бұрын

    Edit to add: Have you heard of the youtube channel 'Secial Books by Special Kids'? They go around the country interviewing people with disabilities and their families and educating people about different things that people go through in their lives. They did an interview with a mom who has a daughter that suffered shaken baby syndrone. It would be cool if they could interview you guys or maybe they have resources that could help your family. I can't even imagine how difficult this must have been for you and your daughter. And now you're sharing the story, re-living it again. Your story is going to help so many people. Thank you for being so open about these difficult things and thank you for asking your daughter if she was okay with you telling this story.

  • @heavenlyfrosted
    @heavenlyfrosted2 ай бұрын

    Thank you for sharing. You don't really hear first case experiences of SBS like this. Very scary what happened to you at the hospital with the police... I can't believe biodad tried to blame you...Glad you and your family and daughter are well.

  • @motivationbynetseb
    @motivationbynetseb2 ай бұрын

    This was really hard for me to watch.Precious, you are really precious. Hang in there and may God continue to cover you and your family.🥲🥲🥲🥲🥲

  • @katherinemcconnell1531
    @katherinemcconnell15312 ай бұрын

    ….💜SomeTimes Babies (And Children) Just Have A Bad Day ~ You’re Right, SomeTimes You Have To Step Away ~ It’s OK ~ Bless You💜….

  • @reneehubbard9027
    @reneehubbard902715 күн бұрын

    I'm so glad your daughter did not have any life altering injuries. Thank you for sharing your experience and knowledge. Your an amazing Mom with a great family.

  • @CandiceMichelle4
    @CandiceMichelle42 ай бұрын

    Wow!!! You sent chills down my spine. So sorry you all experienced this. Stay strong mama, you are doing an AMAZING job✨🫶🏽

  • @rakelperez1768
    @rakelperez17682 ай бұрын

    Omg poor baby, poor mom 😭😭😭 so happy she’s ok and healthy!! ❤❤ Thank you so much for sharing the signs

  • @motivationbynetseb
    @motivationbynetseb2 ай бұрын

    Thank God that you did not lose her.😢😢😢

  • @leamichelle3792
    @leamichelle37922 ай бұрын

    Imagine you bring your child to ER and they tell all your family and friends that you hurt your child and will go to jail?!

  • @cherrylfuller6847
    @cherrylfuller6847Ай бұрын

    I know it's easy to say but u can't blame urself Precious... thank God ma' kenzie is ok and I hope her 'dad' was held accountable💛💛

  • @nnajj01
    @nnajj01Ай бұрын

    Hope that monster has been locked up. Thanks be to God for her life and healing.

  • @zk2044
    @zk20442 ай бұрын

    Just a technical thing: the background music is too loud for the intensity of your voice and the background noise is by far better to listen to instead of the music because it‘s really in the background. Thx for sharing the story

  • @rolandahines
    @rolandahines2 ай бұрын

    You are a champion; and one who has braved many storms; and your husband is a gem. Your family is here to show a higher side of humanism. Clearly, the way that you and your husband nurture your daughter who is an individual w/autism; and your other children is truly indicative that you were designed for THE GENTLE LIFE. As well, prayers are extended on behalf of the man who subjected his child to this circumstance. All is going to work out favorably and progressively for you and your family. The Very Best ins NOW and YET TO COME!

  • @rolandahines

    @rolandahines

    2 ай бұрын

    Meant to say....The Very Best is NOW and YET TO COME!

  • @tsimmonds55
    @tsimmonds552 ай бұрын

    I am very sorry you and Ma’Kenzie had to experience this. Im happy she has no memory of this incident

  • @SantaceBagheera
    @SantaceBagheera2 ай бұрын

    I could just NOT do this. Like. How do you even get to know your kids arm is literally fractured, then go through their dang dad saying it was like that? Wow no... I don't wish this on anyone. This is horrible. You're strong so I hope you feel protected too, because strong people are always overlooked. A huge hug for you and your family (if y'all like hugs only...)

  • @Dmarie0126
    @Dmarie01262 күн бұрын

    You are one of the strongest women I know. Please keep your faith and strength. God is with you and the family.

  • @verettataylor1407
    @verettataylor14072 ай бұрын

    Happy Mother's Day to you! I've been watching you with Niko and wasn't aware of your other children. Your story has touched me, and I think you are a shero to have the strength to tell your story that may help someone else!

  • @mgm2008
    @mgm2008Ай бұрын

    You are such a strong woman! God bless you 🙏 and your family!!

  • @seattlegirl2077
    @seattlegirl20772 ай бұрын

    Even if you had been in the home, it wouldn't have been your fault. You are a great mom.

  • @susandonnell5019
    @susandonnell50192 ай бұрын

    Thank you for being brave enough to share this. You are an amazing mom! My prayers go out to you often.

  • @c.sexton4819
    @c.sexton48192 ай бұрын

    Ma'Kenzie is strong and beautiful like her Mom. It takes a lot of strength to get through what you've all endured. Thanks so much for sharing ❤♥

  • @anmundeeroby8583
    @anmundeeroby85832 ай бұрын

    You're such a strong woman, going through so many things in life. You deserve a happy life, and your beautiful family as well

  • @TheLadyshay3000
    @TheLadyshay30002 ай бұрын

    A huge thank you and shout out to Mackenzie for being brave enough to let her story be told ❤ ❤

  • @justd4377
    @justd43772 ай бұрын

    I'm so sorry that you and your daughter went through that trauma. I remember when my daughter was a few weeks old and she was colicky....it's so stressful when you can't comfort your crying baby. I reached out to another mother who assured me that sometimes this happens even when you have nursed your baby and they have a dry diaper. I would hold her and rock her hoping she would feel the love even when she was crying. Her father would never hold her if she was upset. He hadn't been around babies and he didn't feel like he could deal with the stress. Fortunately that stage didn't last very long. I can't imagine how angry you must have been that he shook your daughter and broke her arm. He deserved to go to prison for hurting her. Thank you for bringing awareness to this issue.

  • @nicki_maharaj
    @nicki_maharajАй бұрын

    I hope this man is in jail that’s so wrong ask for help if you can’t handle your child

  • @brandy2525
    @brandy25252 ай бұрын

    Dealing with CPS is very stressful for everyone involved. Even more so when you are the one accused of the wrongdoing.

  • @J6A6Y
    @J6A6Y2 ай бұрын

    Your strength is inspiring 💙

  • @dailylifeexperiences560
    @dailylifeexperiences560Ай бұрын

    Thats a hard share. Mercy 🥺 ❤

  • @MT-tx7bu
    @MT-tx7buКүн бұрын

    Precious, you are such a great mother. My gosh, I'm so inspired by your gentleness. I remember a nurse once said to me, "Your going to be frustrated when they start to cry, maybe even become very angry and exhausted, but just remember, the ONLY way a baby can talk to you about their needs is by crying." Walk away. Take a breath. Call someone and ask them to come over and take the baby while you take a walk. It's okay. No one is always on their game.

  • @sheilargreen4618
    @sheilargreen46182 ай бұрын

    You have gone through so much as a woman and a mother. So much more than you have shared. Lord bless this precious woman with hope, peace, joy, and strength. Bless her children and her very life. In Jesus' name, i pray, Amen.

  • @keleae6478
    @keleae64782 ай бұрын

    I can see how difficult this was for you. Thank you for sharing. You are such a strong mother. Happy Mother's Day to you. God is your strength.

  • @keelarussell2922
    @keelarussell29222 ай бұрын

    Precious, as usual, I love your storytelling. I remember when the older generations would put a crying baby in a room, close the door and dare you to go in. They were ALL loving and experienced mothers. Your story just made me love and respect them 100x more. Thank you ❤

  • @mickip7320
    @mickip73202 ай бұрын

    Thank you for sharing this story.. So glad that she is still with us. MaKenzie is beautiful and a very lucky little girl.. Sending her hugs🤗

  • @keybaddieb5851
    @keybaddieb58512 ай бұрын

    Thank you so much for this video. It saddens to hear this. Ma' Kenzie is so beautiful. May God bless you and your beautiful family 💕

  • @carlataitt3765
    @carlataitt37652 ай бұрын

    Luck has nothing to do with the facts of the situation. 😢 Thank you Jesus, for blessing this mom and daughter.! ❤ 🙏

  • @mcarr7810
    @mcarr78103 күн бұрын

    You are a brave and strong woman. Your video will truly help someone. Continue helping others and saving lives. You are amazing ❤

  • @ivonnecolon1758
    @ivonnecolon17582 ай бұрын

    Thank you for this video. Thanks to God you noticed her arm was hanging and got her proper help. God bless her

  • @jesussaves6625
    @jesussaves66252 ай бұрын

    Wow. This is such a brutal story. I feel so sorry for what you went through.

  • @scarletweb2106

    @scarletweb2106

    2 ай бұрын

    I'm sorry

  • @debbiesteffen448
    @debbiesteffen448Ай бұрын

    Wow, thank you for your story. I appreciate your vulnerability, strength, and for how you work to be a good mom.

  • @reginadavis5873
    @reginadavis58732 ай бұрын

    Thank you so much for sharing your story. Now I understand why you're so patient and loving to Mikko. I hope this "Mother's Day" 2024 was wonderful for you. 💐

  • @Joanmorris337
    @Joanmorris3372 ай бұрын

    You're such an amazing mother. May God continue to watch over you and your family.

  • @kimtobon9042
    @kimtobon90422 ай бұрын

    Your Children are so lucky to have you as a Mom!!! You are truly amazing!! 😇📍🥰📍❤❤❤

  • @charanyashiasanjo
    @charanyashiasanjo2 ай бұрын

    Happy mother's day! You are so brave & strong to tell you story. So happy she is thriving. God bless your family.

  • @Mynit
    @MynitАй бұрын

    😊5 years wasn’t enough!!!! So glad she’s ok. Thank you for sharing

  • @lol------______..._____---912
    @lol------______..._____---9122 ай бұрын

    Oh my God I am so sorry this happened to your daughter...You both are strong and you guys have a beautiful soul! may God bless you and your loving family ❤🙏

  • @Princess_Pixie
    @Princess_PixieАй бұрын

    Off be careful who you have babies with. An ex tried to baby trap me in the past I was doing everything I could to make sure I don’t get or stay pregnant before I can safely squirm out of that relationship. Now I find out that the kid he finally was able to make his next gf have was taken away from him because of abuse.

  • @cplmpcocptcl6306

    @cplmpcocptcl6306

    Ай бұрын

    Same. No one ever thinks of a guy purposefully trying to knock someone up.

  • @KrystleLockwood
    @KrystleLockwood2 ай бұрын

    You are an amazing mother. I look up to you for your strength. May you and your family be blessed. Your children are so blessed to have you as a mother. Continue to love your babies and advocate for mamas that need help. I don’t know you, but I can feel your calming energy, strength, and love through your videos.

  • @marygarcia456
    @marygarcia4562 ай бұрын

    YOUR GOOD MAMA, EVERYTHING WILL BE OKAY!!💝

  • @kkmcknight5463
    @kkmcknight54632 ай бұрын

    Thank you for sharing your precious baby girl’s story. I’m so glad she’s doing well today. ❤

  • @MissOne
    @MissOne2 ай бұрын

    oh my, that is so sad and horrible 😢 . I'm glad you all are okay. ❤❤

  • @preciousyj1
    @preciousyj12 ай бұрын

    WOW! Thank you Precious and Ma'Kenzie for sharing. I can see that was not easy to share but you all are overcomers.

  • @Ruth-iz5oh
    @Ruth-iz5oh2 ай бұрын

    Thank you for sharing this very difficult experience you went through. Your precious daughter is a beautiful young girl who's blessed to have a mother like you. It's wonderful to share how your lovely family is thriving in you care (including Mikko's daddy who sings so beautifully!). Blessings to you all ❤

  • @traci1714
    @traci17142 ай бұрын

    This was hard to watch. Thanks for sharing. Your story will help others.

  • @e.p.holmes2237
    @e.p.holmes22372 ай бұрын

    Thanks for the bravery it took to share this information. GOD BLESS YOU AND YOUR FAMILY! 🙏🙏🙏

  • @user-gz1sp1oc9d
    @user-gz1sp1oc9d2 ай бұрын

    I know that sharing was hard, and I appreciate that Mckenzie agreed ❤❤❤

  • @violapittman8039
    @violapittman80392 ай бұрын

    You're Children are Truly Precious, Mommy ❤ 😊

  • @reneegosda6851
    @reneegosda68512 ай бұрын

    Thank you for explaining your tragedy and the invaluable advice you offer for new parents. As you pointed out - it can happen to anyone.

  • @Stanfordmom-
    @Stanfordmom-2 ай бұрын

    I’m so tearful listening to this story Thanks be to god she’s still here and has a mother that pays attention to there child ❤

  • @dark_skindreamer4026
    @dark_skindreamer4026Ай бұрын

    Praying, I am at work about in tears.. I can't continue to listen, I just wanted to leave ❤❤❤❤❤❤❤love and prayers

  • @flappyhandswith_Milly
    @flappyhandswith_Milly2 ай бұрын

    Thank god you did not loose her, im so glad that she is here 💕 Edit: you are an amazing mum to all of your children! Your absolutely amazing and i love that, your understand them, you take care of them, your all amazing in every single way, i love your channel 💕🌈♾️🙌🏻✨

  • @Mmm1884
    @Mmm1884Ай бұрын

    Thank you for sharing your experience with us. Your children are absolutely beautiful! MaKenzie looks like a little model and she was such a cute baby! You’re an amazing Mom and you should be saluted everyday!!! Good job young lady! I salute you 🫡

  • @LLL-vb4ho
    @LLL-vb4ho2 ай бұрын

    Thank heavens she is safe and with her wonderful family. All of you are always in our hearts 🥰

  • @ms.d7814
    @ms.d7814Ай бұрын

    Thank you for sharing. I’m sorry this happened ❤

  • @AdaGoins-wr1nr
    @AdaGoins-wr1nr2 ай бұрын

    Thank you for sharing this heartfelt story about your beautiful daughter Ma' Kenzie ( I hope I didn't misspell her name). You and family are in my prayers.❤❤

  • @Pianopraiser
    @PianopraiserАй бұрын

    This makes me cry. So sad. It’s the judgement for me. No one things done would hurt their own flesh and blood. My heart breaks for anyone who has a child who suffers abuse. Glad the father confessed and u hope he gets the help he needs.

  • @cinnie2543
    @cinnie25432 ай бұрын

    You are amazing to share this story. God bless you and prayers for others in a similar situation. Also I pray every day for children who have no one to pray for them.

  • @Steph_Said
    @Steph_Said2 ай бұрын

    I remember this video and respect you for sharing your truth. 🌼🌻

  • @lindamims4891
    @lindamims48912 ай бұрын

    I was lucky so have a neighbor when I had mt 1st child 30 yrs ago. I had horrible post Parfums. Horrible thoughts. I thought I was a bad mother.

  • @avwel3827
    @avwel38272 ай бұрын

    😱😱😱wow, I'm very shocked to hear this!!!😭😭😭I'm so deeply sorry!!!❤❤❤I'm almost throwing up, How very, very shocking!!😭😭😭 Many prayers and much love to her and to you!!!❤❤❤❤

  • @StarofB
    @StarofB2 ай бұрын

    horror, sorry dear, how could someone do something like that to a baby. I hope you don't blame yourself too much. and the most important thing mckenzie has no damage except for the trauma. so painful sry

  • @Bewitched-bo9kx
    @Bewitched-bo9kx2 ай бұрын

    Thank you so much for sharing such a personal story ❤

  • @chantelvereen6262
    @chantelvereen62622 ай бұрын

    God bless the babygirl!! She is so strong!! She chose the best mama!

  • @jetblack9861
    @jetblack98612 ай бұрын

    Thank you for sharing your story and bringing awareness to shaking baby syndrome ❤️❤❤❤❤

  • @viksal7947
    @viksal79472 ай бұрын

    Thank you for sharing 😢 so sorry you had to go thru this. HAPPY Mother's day

  • @manumanumanumanu6541
    @manumanumanumanu65412 ай бұрын

    Thank you for sharing and spreading awareness. ❤

  • @theresashaw7850
    @theresashaw78502 ай бұрын

    THANK YOU FOR SHAREING YOUR LIFES STORYS. Your a good mom,

  • @lisaford6358
    @lisaford63582 ай бұрын

    By the grace of God 🙏🏽🙏🏽🙏🏽💐 continue being a beacon for your family McKenzie is beautiful 😍

  • @jerryberry8967
    @jerryberry89672 ай бұрын

    We love your videos, but please please get a mic kindly so we can hear you better 🙏🏾🙏🏾 Thanks for the education and gentle parenting you’ve shown us 💛

  • @Bmf214

    @Bmf214

    2 ай бұрын

    She does need a clip on mic. Why don’t you gift her one?

  • @Lily-cm3nj

    @Lily-cm3nj

    2 ай бұрын

    ​@@Bmf214Great idea but you know they're not going to cause they'd rather critic and voice their unwanted opinions. 🙄

  • @koimt6732
    @koimt67322 ай бұрын

    I cried while hearing the Ma'Kenzie story. So brutal.

  • @scarletweb2106

    @scarletweb2106

    2 ай бұрын

    So heartbreaking 💔

  • @khadijahminor758
    @khadijahminor7582 ай бұрын

    Thank you so much for your story, Happy Mother’s Day ❤️

  • @spiritofhers
    @spiritofhers2 ай бұрын

    What a strong woman you are having been blessed with such children. God gave you a challenge, but yet you still smile and love them unconditionally. may god bless you all your days for your life and story you have been through ❤ an angel in desiguise

  • @vanessasmith7236
    @vanessasmith72362 ай бұрын

    Thank You for sharing. You are strong and I pray that God continues to give you strength.