How to learn any synthesizer

In this video I show you:
- A quick overview of how ALL synthesizers work
- A simple workout on how to familiarize yourself with with any synth you get
- Some simple synth recipes
- An example of this process using the Roland SH-101
- A sound design technique called "self-oscillating" filters, to create sounds like Jamie XX - Gosh.
The Synth Basics image in HQ: -we.tl/t-J66S6jeru5
Find Oscar's video courses here: courses.underdog.brussels 🖤🖤🖤
Join the Underdog Discord channel: / discord 👾👾👾
Sign up to the mailing list here: tinyurl.com/yy92sx5u 💌💌💌
Pledge to the Patreon: ​ / underdogmusicschool 🌱🌱🌱
Instagram: @underdogmusicschool
At Underdog Electronic Music School we run interactive online classrooms for all levels of music producers. We do "bootcamps" for beginners (no prior knowledge required!) and "deep dives" for intermediate producers. We are also available for private coaching and advice.
Contents:
0:00 Introduction
1:07 Subtractive synthesis concept
3:20 The synthesis diagram
3:39 The synth workout
5:44 Synth fomulas
6:16 The value of a limited synth
8:09 The synth workout on an SH101
13:01 Doing the synth fomulas on the SH101
15:32 The advantages of more advanced synths
17:42 Sound design technique: Self-oscillating filters

Пікірлер: 797

  • @OscarUnderdog
    @OscarUnderdog2 жыл бұрын

    Find Oscar's video courses here: courses.underdog.brussels 🖤🖤🖤 Join the Underdog Discord channel: discord.gg/z5N9CTA 👾👾👾 Sign up to the mailing list here: tinyurl.com/yy92sx5u 💌💌💌 Pledge to the Patreon: ​ www.patreon.com/underdogmusicschool 🌱🌱🌱

  • @dolaymobile9744

    @dolaymobile9744

    2 жыл бұрын

    8m

  • @emilandreasyan2533

    @emilandreasyan2533

    2 жыл бұрын

    @Jamis Billson h. Eft

  • @jadrajadra3200

    @jadrajadra3200

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@emilandreasyan2533 у

  • @sopheaka8966

    @sopheaka8966

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@emilandreasyan2533 2o00

  • @chuckgillespie1

    @chuckgillespie1

    Жыл бұрын

    Awesome - Thank you sir.

  • @djtall3090
    @djtall30902 жыл бұрын

    This is how "How To" videos should be made. Straight and to the point, no BS

  • @gaetanlepage5385

    @gaetanlepage5385

    5 ай бұрын

    09:44 "Sounds pretty good to me..." (three seconds later @ 09:47) "Great! That's everything we need to know; we now understand how the oscillator works."

  • @evanredmon3877
    @evanredmon38776 күн бұрын

    In 17 minutes this guy explained how to use a synthesizer. Valuable.

  • @paulochon4415
    @paulochon441521 күн бұрын

    Amazing teaching capacity! Clear, no repetition, straight to the point and an amazing knowledge! Thank you very much

  • @Meknassih
    @Meknassih Жыл бұрын

    If this is the quality of your "free courses", I can’t imagine the value that is in your paid courses. Exceptional teaching skills !

  • @alwayslate4081

    @alwayslate4081

    Жыл бұрын

    Was thinking exactly the same

  • @harrisbeatsfrankou6304

    @harrisbeatsfrankou6304

    Жыл бұрын

    100% mate

  • @ricardojmestre

    @ricardojmestre

    Жыл бұрын

    Oh they are totally worth the money!

  • @aleksdizhe

    @aleksdizhe

    14 күн бұрын

    ​@ricardojmestre what courses did you take? (just interesting, thinking about paid courses too :) )

  • @_bleaux
    @_bleaux9 ай бұрын

    Dude thank you so much!! I have been trying to figure out what VCO VCA VCF means for so long online and I didn’t know what to even google

  • @eljeffrinho
    @eljeffrinho2 жыл бұрын

    I feel like I've learned more in an hour from watching a couple of your videos than I did in a decade of tinkering around with synths! What an absolutely amazing teacher

  • @OscarUnderdog

    @OscarUnderdog

    2 жыл бұрын

    💛

  • @diemcarl5546

    @diemcarl5546

    9 ай бұрын

    Same 😂🎉❤

  • @PSYBERDOG
    @PSYBERDOG3 күн бұрын

    At last a tutor who say's it how it is. Awesome explanation of the basic workings of a Synth that has greatly increased my knowledge and understanding of the way a Synth works.10/10.

  • @bleedyellow
    @bleedyellow19 күн бұрын

    unbelievably helpful and straight-forward . applause.

  • @MashterMusic
    @MashterMusic2 жыл бұрын

    you are killer . Covering concepts with so much clarity. hats off to u.

  • @OscarUnderdog

    @OscarUnderdog

    2 жыл бұрын

    Cheers 🤠

  • @djnebuchanezzer

    @djnebuchanezzer

    2 жыл бұрын

    should've said hi-hats off to you

  • @Babidibubidi

    @Babidibubidi

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@djnebuchanezzer should have said hi-hats offbeat to you

  • @djnebuchanezzer

    @djnebuchanezzer

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@Babidibubidi haha i didnt see that one :)

  • @abrahamofei1063

    @abrahamofei1063

    2 жыл бұрын

    I'm dazzled by this guy's teaching skills.

  • @bauhausoffice
    @bauhausoffice2 жыл бұрын

    If he was my teacher in every class in school I’d be an effing genius today running the world.

  • @OscarUnderdog

    @OscarUnderdog

    2 жыл бұрын

    Hahahahaha

  • @danielrivera1833

    @danielrivera1833

    2 жыл бұрын

    Get your kids a private tutor like the elites do..

  • @estesenor7248

    @estesenor7248

    2 жыл бұрын

    But he's our teacher online so whats your Excuse?

  • @bauhausoffice

    @bauhausoffice

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@estesenor7248 I am complementing him you fool.

  • @estesenor7248

    @estesenor7248

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@bauhausoffice ok boomer

  • @pathworker2010
    @pathworker201010 ай бұрын

    Brilliant, complexity simplified.

  • @spidericemidasiosmusicprod1309
    @spidericemidasiosmusicprod13092 жыл бұрын

    My Synthesizer obsession started with a Korg MS10 at 11 years old in middle school music classes (1981). Amazingly by an interesting turn of events and coincidences 24 years later in 2005 I actually became the owner of that very same Synth from my old school. It was just about to be thrown away in a skip, still in fair working order, but in need of a good cleanout, new CMOS Chip and re-calibration. I got it for no money at all! I stripped it down for cleaning and then sent it to Korg UK for the technical repairs. Still looking and working good as new now in 2021. I cannot describe how wonderful it felt to be reunited and the owner of my first love after all those years ❤️ These days I’m a synth sound designer for the iOS platform but still love to tinker with my old MS10 and a few other remaining hardware synths.

  • @OscarUnderdog

    @OscarUnderdog

    2 жыл бұрын

    What a beautiful story 😊💚 Thanks for sharing!

  • @aleksdizhe

    @aleksdizhe

    14 күн бұрын

    What a story!

  • @peterhaerens3014
    @peterhaerens30142 жыл бұрын

    Amazing how you resume rather complex seeming processes to make them understandable.

  • @vectorhunter4659
    @vectorhunter4659Ай бұрын

    the best video I've ever seen for explaining synth to me

  • @user-jg6pn3ek3c
    @user-jg6pn3ek3c4 ай бұрын

    100 outta 100 lesson video thank you oscar

  • @jonashellborg8320
    @jonashellborg832015 күн бұрын

    I found it a nice exercise to try those 4 sounds in a kata, ie from a sequence i try to switch between those sounds. It’s rapidly showing me the key settings on my particular synth to achieve those sounds. Super helpful.

  • @pavithraj2303
    @pavithraj23032 жыл бұрын

    You sir changed my life in 20 mins god bless you

  • @OscarUnderdog

    @OscarUnderdog

    2 жыл бұрын

    I aim to please haha 🤘😁

  • @Bob38594
    @Bob385942 жыл бұрын

    Your video is very underrated. Thank you for all the information.

  • @rosateresacastro-vargas8592
    @rosateresacastro-vargas85922 жыл бұрын

    Finally, I understand synthesizer. I’m a musician, classically trained, and I’ve been wanting to understand synths forever. Thank you. Please, talk about the fm ones soon. I have one!

  • @YourFreeBeats

    @YourFreeBeats

    2 жыл бұрын

    You are kidding me. This is surreal (or fake). First what exactly did you learn. Seriously. I am a “musician” too. I guess. I have been playing instruments since the early 70’s…most notably the….synthesizer. So perhaps it’s hard for to delineate but I saw him read a script about the three attributes of sound (pitch, tone, volume ) and what the Control names on most synths are. Seriously I am in straight screen saver mode just staring at your comment. So… you have been wanting to understand synths “forever”…but then you watched this video and now you feel you insert and synths? What ones do you own and how did you apply anything from this video to it? Once again not talking these comihrer epigrams because if you are musician then you (wait for it…play actual instruments so which ones have you struggle with but then this video opened your eyes? I am being serious. Not trying to get you upset or anything but this is literally surreal to me (but part of me things it fake or…well,….WOWg

  • @YourFreeBeats

    @YourFreeBeats

    2 жыл бұрын

    By the way re: FM synthesis, trust me dude doesn’t know about that stuff. He will read somethint then do a video. Now, I have quite a few FM synths. I implemented FM additive, subtractive, wavetable, etc. FM is altered through modulation. Here are some examples. FM synth - soundcloud.app.goo.gl/zaA2PWFzDe4h9R1a8 WaveTable - soundcloud.app.goo.gl/4qhfToVCtPasVN1z9 Analogue - soundcloud.app.goo.gl/UbWhjejp119X6sSt8

  • @Mr.J2U

    @Mr.J2U

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@YourFreeBeats Lol, you're such a hater... Why do you care so much that this dude gave the OP a compliment? And the way you not so subtly humble brag is hilarious considering... Let's just put it this way: You're def not god's gift to music production lol! You shouldn't talk so much shit.

  • @paulklasmann1218

    @paulklasmann1218

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@Mr.J2U Those are the ones with the least skill and never really progress. It's also called hubris. Good luck exploring synths.

  • @ir0npichulka

    @ir0npichulka

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@YourFreeBeats The video is perfectly explained, i was able to understand Synths in a few minutes, aswell as music theory and a lot more from his other videos, he explains the subjects really well, calm, in a mature and straight forward way, wich i really like. If you are using synths since the 70s,that means you are an old adult, and you come here, braggin about your knowledge, talking shit about Underdog, plug your own stuff from soundcloud and on top of that, you are what? 60 yo? and you go by "check a bitch beats" .... lame.

  • @sebastianshuster5229
    @sebastianshuster52292 жыл бұрын

    When I started watching your channel I think you had a smidge over 1k subscribers. Now you’re over 36k in such a short time. The reason is quality content and anticipation of your next quality content. I even hit the bell 😬 and I hardly ever do that! Congrats and thank you very much for bringing us interesting quality videos filled to the brim with awesome musical knowledge.

  • @OscarUnderdog

    @OscarUnderdog

    2 жыл бұрын

    It's so great to hear this. Thanks for the support, I think KZread is quite sensitive to this kind of positive signals, it's the reason the channel has grown so much I think! ✨🙏🐩

  • @Andre-gu5qd

    @Andre-gu5qd

    2 жыл бұрын

    yes , same here never hit the bell, but his content has been really relevant so far

  • @danvandal4127

    @danvandal4127

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@OscarUnderdog Keep doing it, it's great and the world needs better informed musicians or artists!

  • @ravirana2001

    @ravirana2001

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@OscarUnderdog I bet you will get 1 mil within this year keep teaching great things congratulations in advance 🙏

  • @DeiNostri

    @DeiNostri

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@OscarUnderdog The possitive response comes from you releasing good material. Making better content than the majority of channels and doing that in a relaxed humble manner is what makes some channels, like yours attractive to new and old electronic musicians around the world. This channel helps alot of people learn new things, and rediscover old methods.

  • @alienzardsketter.9076
    @alienzardsketter.9076 Жыл бұрын

    You know Oscar.,,that is a wonderful name for a artist the Underdog ,,,Its kicking .

  • @icncpt
    @icncpt Жыл бұрын

    from Oscar i learn more than 1000 videos about music and Ableton! Thank you so much!

  • @hothatchpa
    @hothatchpa3 ай бұрын

    EXACTLY what I was looking for. Saving this as I ramp up to my first synth from my electric piano.

  • @marielanunez5435
    @marielanunez54352 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much for this informative video. May you have a wonderful rest of your day

  • @ElijahMoore-Restfulnights
    @ElijahMoore-Restfulnights2 жыл бұрын

    best video on understanding synths

  • @blevens7251
    @blevens72512 жыл бұрын

    Wow wow wow. Yes this is the way to learn it, principles first, specific implementations second. Very nice.

  • @srajanvet
    @srajanvet8 ай бұрын

    Very nice of you! Without dragging and focusing to the point is highlight! Also it is very informative. Thanks lot.

  • @bobalobalee
    @bobalobalee2 жыл бұрын

    No other school breaking it down as effective as underdog.

  • @nanotedot
    @nanotedot14 күн бұрын

    Excellent video mate. Thanks!

  • @matthewmargetts8516
    @matthewmargetts8516Ай бұрын

    Excellent resource. Thank you.

  • @DanielStepp
    @DanielStepp2 жыл бұрын

    Incredibly concise and easy to follow. If you had a full course on synthesis, I'd buy it for sure

  • @loganp82
    @loganp822 жыл бұрын

    bro you just get write down to business and explain things simply and its easy to understand. I appreciate you.

  • @MilanSanchezD
    @MilanSanchezD8 ай бұрын

    Great lesson, to the point and no chitchat.

  • @user-wi1gq9kh2c
    @user-wi1gq9kh2c2 ай бұрын

    Brilliant explanations! 👏🏾

  • @andrewhertzberg6889
    @andrewhertzberg68892 жыл бұрын

    Massive respect for how careful and clear these videos are. Thank you.

  • @user-ll1xo2gf5q
    @user-ll1xo2gf5q Жыл бұрын

    I`m binge-watching these videos. Great channel!

  • @arrolate
    @arrolate2 жыл бұрын

    Thanks universe for bringing this video to me

  • @siprturo
    @siprturo2 жыл бұрын

    Oscar, I honestly can't begin to thank you enough. I have been looking all over the place for such quality of teaching and such attention to detail and such focus on the important basics of electronic music and I couldn't find anything like this, free or paid. Every other "beginner" production course goes straight into creating tracks on Ableton and I would always get stuck as I needed to understand exactly those basics. Please don't stop making those videos, I am willing to pay you for production lessons if need be.

  • @axedoctor
    @axedoctor2 жыл бұрын

    You have just blown me away with how you just broke down synths in a way that I actually understand. Thank you.

  • @stuartleighton
    @stuartleighton2 жыл бұрын

    This is awesome, exactly what I have been looking for. Thank you.

  • @hazehunter_au
    @hazehunter_au Жыл бұрын

    This is the exact video I was looking for as a beginner, to help understand synths! thank you so much! 🙏🏼🙌

  • @italdisc0
    @italdisc02 жыл бұрын

    I wish I had this video years ago when I bought my first synth, now it makes me appreciate my Prologue even more. Thanks a million!

  • @Rushmanism
    @Rushmanism9 ай бұрын

    This was great thanks Oscar 👍

  • @ambientthrill6687
    @ambientthrill66872 жыл бұрын

    Huge respect sir 🙏🏻 you covered all these amazing concepts of synth with such an ease that it is ultra simple now ....thank you very much.

  • @s2t88666
    @s2t886662 жыл бұрын

    Best video for any beginner to learn audio synthesis.

  • @free2muse
    @free2muse2 жыл бұрын

    Seriously. Great vid and clarity on synth usage. Feel like I just learned more about the synth I’ve already owned for a few months. Subscribing!

  • @rishabhparmar4482
    @rishabhparmar44822 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for helping us. Really appreciate your work ❤️

  • @rafeek6730
    @rafeek67302 жыл бұрын

    Cant be more happier to see ur channel grow day after day 🥳

  • @leonm.burroughs4807
    @leonm.burroughs48076 ай бұрын

    I love the synthesizer so it's really cool to see in depth videos like this Thanks!

  • @TheYub33
    @TheYub332 жыл бұрын

    This video is changing my life. Thank you so much Oscar !

  • @TomaszRykala
    @TomaszRykala2 жыл бұрын

    The best music content on youtube currently.

  • @jazzcat007
    @jazzcat007 Жыл бұрын

    That Oscillator->Filter->Amp->Speaker diagram would make a great t-shirt.

  • @Garethduffy707
    @Garethduffy707 Жыл бұрын

    This is great, love how clear and well explained everything is

  • @charleyeastman1795
    @charleyeastman17952 жыл бұрын

    MOST helpful synth video I’ve ever seen. Every beginner is lucky to have this resource. I’ve never used the “four recipes” approach, so I’ve gone back into my synths to try it. Fun!

  • @breadman7733
    @breadman77332 жыл бұрын

    Yep another amazing video. Thank you Oscar! I love your energy

  • @Karinsky77
    @Karinsky772 жыл бұрын

    I really enjoy your straight to the point approach in all of your videos. Bravo!

  • @tommyflowers7098
    @tommyflowers70982 жыл бұрын

    This is pure gold. Thanks!

  • @DiscoTuna
    @DiscoTuna2 жыл бұрын

    Looks like you are picking up about 5k new users every couple of days! Good for you. So well deserved, and so good for us to have you churning out this awesome informative content.

  • @cathaldeegan2067
    @cathaldeegan20676 ай бұрын

    Awesome video. Just so precise and easy to understand. Thank you so much for taking the time to teach us the way you do!

  • @danieljohnson2271
    @danieljohnson22712 жыл бұрын

    Oscar & Underdog - thanks so much for these videos. I'm addicted! GREAT content! Can't wait for more and more and more and more. Inspiring!

  • @reesewaller846
    @reesewaller8462 жыл бұрын

    Every tutorial is right to the point and Excellent.

  • @Ryan-id9rj
    @Ryan-id9rj2 жыл бұрын

    Amazing tutorial. You explain everything so easyily in all your tutorials - thanks mate!

  • @ipezmusic
    @ipezmusicАй бұрын

    Clear and straight to the point!

  • @spectralknights2
    @spectralknights22 жыл бұрын

    The best music production tutorial so far. Thank u👍

  • @freddyperezmusicentertainment
    @freddyperezmusicentertainment2 жыл бұрын

    Great video, i have been looking for this for years. Thanks

  • @yashsurana3216
    @yashsurana32162 жыл бұрын

    this is what is i was looking for! ❤❤❤❤❤ you're the best. 👌

  • @psyonaraevents
    @psyonaraevents2 жыл бұрын

    this is the best music production channel out there !! Thanks for your work ! Keep up the good stuff ♥

  • @Cubase-sb8nn
    @Cubase-sb8nn11 ай бұрын

    Really nicely laid out tutorial with clear explanations and examples. Thanks very much !

  • @ariannagabriellegressiruiz4511
    @ariannagabriellegressiruiz45112 жыл бұрын

    I was looking for any good tutorial of how to use this, thanks for existing Oscar 🖤❤️🖤❤️

  • @ekummel
    @ekummel2 жыл бұрын

    Back in the day, I wanted a synth really badly. I scoured the local use market for something and a Yamaha DX21 with a Pevey keyboard amp/speaker popped up for under $200. Never heard of FM synthesis other than what my Sound Blaster board did in my computer...but boy did I bite off more than I could chew with that. Dumped right into the most complicated synth sound design system possible! I spend thousands of hours with that keyboard. Learned everything I could and saved up my money and was able to get used Yamaha DX7-FD. I also picked up an FB01 and with all my synths, I was able to get some amazing sounds...Then one day, I picked up a Korg. I was lost. I had no idea what any of those things meant on that keyboard. I still struggle with them. But this video really took it down to the very basics. Makes me want to go into my closet and bring that Korg out into the light of day and try some of these things!

  • @TheirIAre
    @TheirIAre2 жыл бұрын

    thank you! You are so concise. The best !

  • @feliksaksyonov7191
    @feliksaksyonov71912 жыл бұрын

    I am so lucky to find this channel! Good luck with your project!

  • @shanzyan
    @shanzyan9 ай бұрын

    this is such a gem of a video

  • @zehantunes6427
    @zehantunes64272 жыл бұрын

    Thanks. This video is amazing. Exactly what I was looking for to start in Synth universe. Thanks!

  • @ryancaille2749
    @ryancaille2749 Жыл бұрын

    This is so helpful. This video really makes understanding synths much easier. Once you tie everything together in the "Doing the synth fomulas on the SH101" section it's like a lightbulb went off in my head.

  • @tiagocavalcante2854
    @tiagocavalcante28542 жыл бұрын

    My god, this is top notch content. Thank you so much for this!

  • @DrBenOne
    @DrBenOne Жыл бұрын

    Brilliant, many thanks. I'm coming back to watch some more. Very helpful to understand the architecture and function of synth components. I wish I'd seen this a long time ago!

  • @skroll71
    @skroll71 Жыл бұрын

    This is absolutely brilliant. Thanks a lot!!

  • @minisynthmaniac
    @minisynthmaniac2 жыл бұрын

    Thank you immensely for your work. Really helpful.

  • @Pablo_Anunnaki
    @Pablo_Anunnaki Жыл бұрын

    Great. This video was added to my musical production box. I´m practicing this with the Surge XT synth. Now I´m beginning to understand it. Thanks so much.

  • @AntonArhipov
    @AntonArhipov Жыл бұрын

    This is probably the best channel on the topic I have found on KZread. BIG thanks for these lessons! Will definitely try to find time to subscribe to the course!

  • @SamuelHaak
    @SamuelHaak2 жыл бұрын

    Dude this was amazingly helpful. Thanks!

  • @sarkarparijat
    @sarkarparijat Жыл бұрын

    Such an incredibly well explained and clear video - thank you for sharing this knowledge!

  • @david41127
    @david41127 Жыл бұрын

    Thanks for this workshop, it was very instructive and I hope that this video will stay forever !

  • @5150quintis
    @5150quintis2 жыл бұрын

    That was so awesome! Thank you!! Learned alot!!

  • @JustACuteWolf
    @JustACuteWolf2 жыл бұрын

    It really helped me a lot understanding synths. Thanks a lot!

  • @vishnusekhara
    @vishnusekhara2 жыл бұрын

    Yours is one of the best you tube channel for production learning...everything so well explained in simple and detailed manner...Plz keep up the good work...Its really helpful for us producers all across the globe...thank you

  • @KRISH-dp6qn
    @KRISH-dp6qn2 жыл бұрын

    Lovely & Clear tutorial at its best, Thank you👏🏻

  • @buzzpsy
    @buzzpsy Жыл бұрын

    Thank you bro, even after making music from a very long time, these tips always give you something unqiue to try to! much love!

  • @adieumusique
    @adieumusique2 жыл бұрын

    what a great explanation! thank you so much!

  • @kackaritze3476
    @kackaritze34762 жыл бұрын

    I like the calm way you explain things. And your methods, for example the use of flowcharts, fit extremely well and are very catchy. Also that you manage to reduce the topics to their core information. Thumbs up 👍🏻you are a good teacher

  • @jadenmarel9595
    @jadenmarel9595 Жыл бұрын

    This is HQ free content for beginners, I refreshed my basics so good.

  • @fviannaval
    @fviannaval2 жыл бұрын

    Thank you. The best synth tutorial I've ever seen.

  • @alsoondae5662
    @alsoondae5662 Жыл бұрын

    I started my discovery of these principles with your video and thanks to your straightforward explanations I'm now having a lot of fun trying every possible sound. Thanks a lot I'm not sure there are many videos giving these basics efficiently and quickly :D

  • @urphakeandgey6308
    @urphakeandgey63082 жыл бұрын

    I knew a lot of these concepts already, but your "nasal" example of resonance was so good! Always wanted to try and emulate it vocally or something.

  • @Frankenstalex
    @Frankenstalex3 ай бұрын

    Can't believe this is a free class. Thank you!

  • @davidpetersonharvey
    @davidpetersonharvey Жыл бұрын

    Well done, sir! That's pretty much what many of us do when approaching a new synth before we take the deep dive.

  • @arturlins1
    @arturlins12 жыл бұрын

    A qualidade do teu conteúdo é excepcional. Um dos melhores canais de produção que ja encontrei.

  • @danmichael2515
    @danmichael25152 жыл бұрын

    amazing. one of the best explainers on youtube.