"we need to think in 6 dimensions" yeah, sure. no problem.

@harry_page

7 жыл бұрын

Marty, you're just not thinking 4th dimensionally!

@Larstig81

6 жыл бұрын

But it takes time to think in 4 dimensions.

@ashley3629

6 жыл бұрын

That’s easy; all you have to do is to put on two pairs of 3D glasses, one in front of the other, and you’ll see 6D through them! 😂😂😂

@lordgarion514

5 жыл бұрын

@@Larstig81 This comment is sadly missing a lot of likes.

@LuisSierra42

5 жыл бұрын

You must be stupid if you can't do that

Thank you very much I've been trying to build a black hole since couple of months your tutorial was simple and clear and I managed to make one cheers!!!!

@JMsoo

7 жыл бұрын

Explain yourself, what you mean by typical black guy response?

@bilaal20

7 жыл бұрын

too many black with holes are around me too.

@jonathanmeraz2077

5 жыл бұрын

Yeah a sun ok

@shadowicecream2510

5 жыл бұрын

Remember to wear gloves. I've heard black holes might be dangerous

@petargolubovic5300

5 жыл бұрын

You mean you've been getting fatter?

Wait a few million years for the supernova. Here's one I made earlier!

@furballscave4431

4 жыл бұрын

"these guys' lifes are short just wait a few million years" me: alright UM aREA 51 I NEED A CLONE PLS AH YES ONE OF ME WHJEN IM AVAILABLE WELL um.......right now?

Been watching all day. Mind blown. Head sore. Need rest.

@mikes2381

7 жыл бұрын

Spaceship broken? Parts needed? Try my cousin's KZread how-to channel for all your rocket surgery DIY needs, and PBS Spacetime for all your theoretical needs.

@DPRX99

6 жыл бұрын

Itchy. Tasty.

@wenddiemittoh347

4 жыл бұрын

i keep repeating it ...to comprehend some things

Wow, this stuff is mindbending... I love it.

@harrisonharris6988

8 жыл бұрын

+20buckman12 ha. 'bending', curved space-time.......No? Alright.

@Shizzlewish

8 жыл бұрын

+20buckman12 You want 'mindbending'? go back to where the previous guy has 4 videos about relativity and spacetime! Holy Cow.. that's some intense stuff

@bucky13

8 жыл бұрын

Darth Chocolate Yea I watched them. This video I feel like I could wrap my mind around pretty well, those video we're a different story. There were some things I understood but at other times I was like WTF is this guy on about!

@bucky13

8 жыл бұрын

Harrison Harris :D Exactly

The graphics in this video is absolutely amazing. If the creator(s) are reading this, par your selves on the back!

@WhoLetThemIn

8 жыл бұрын

+Edvin Zigmanovic They team is always on point, it makes it a much better learning experience.

I love this channel, but could you please add close captioning? It really helps me to understand what you're saying, and I'm sure other Hard of Hearing nerds like me would appreciate it!!!!

@dingdong475

4 жыл бұрын

Do you have hearing problems ir just prefer subtitles?

@outlawscar3328

3 жыл бұрын

Five years later: press C on your keyboard. If they aren't embedded, they're auto-generated. Isn't it great when updates are actually useful?

@NoOne-sc3fz

2 жыл бұрын

Can't help but wonder what is wrong with the subtitles? I don't see the benefit of closed captions vs subtitles in such a video.

This channel never fails to produce awesome videos, buy this one is so massively awesome that it dipped under its own event horizon.

This stuff is why astrophysicist is on my list of potential professions

@TheStaticUnit

8 жыл бұрын

I'm hoping to take an astrophysics class sometime at the next few years as well

@minimooster7258

8 жыл бұрын

+TheStaticUnit Im 13, so I don't know how I'd be able to find classes before university but we'll see...

@morningmadera

8 жыл бұрын

+minimooster Good luck on your endeavor, but mostly, have fun ;)

@MrRolnicek

8 жыл бұрын

+minimooster Do enough math and you can do anything. Good luck

@MegaPandaTube

8 жыл бұрын

+minimooster I'm in my first year of Physics and Astronomy at university and my very best advice is learn as much math as possible and keep watching videos like this one. Also you can watch lectures on any cool physics topic on youtube, Stanford has some very cool ones with Leonard Susskind.

Suddenly, beard. :)

@zatrix7400

5 жыл бұрын

Joe Scott 🤣

@Andrewkosche

3 жыл бұрын

Wow only one reply! Love your vids!

@thomashanson3476

3 жыл бұрын

Beard horizon irreversibly crossed

@capoeirastronaut

2 жыл бұрын

But a blackhole has no hair..

@Xurreal

2 жыл бұрын

he is breaking causality with his stubble

Thanks, now I’m on the intergalactic FBI watchlist

instructions unclear , made a banana

@saeedbaig4249

7 жыл бұрын

Instructions unclear, dick stuck in blender

@harry_page

7 жыл бұрын

Instructions unclear, dick spaghettified

@StreetBuddhist

7 жыл бұрын

instructions unclear already, moms spaghetti

@totel9193

5 жыл бұрын

Instructions unclead, made a T-34 tank.

@LuisSierra42

5 жыл бұрын

I'm stuck with this neutron star, it won't swallow more mass

"Russian doll shells" They're called matryoshka dolls, and I hate them. They're so full of themselves.

@siaratianae

6 жыл бұрын

RolandMoone *facepalm*

@fandomguy8025

6 жыл бұрын

CLAP.

@redshiftedlight205

5 жыл бұрын

Best comment ever

@patrickmalone1373

5 жыл бұрын

Well done you!

I like Matt's face for unknown reasons.

@AliHSyed

8 жыл бұрын

+DED He looks like a Who from Whoville!

@angelic8632002

8 жыл бұрын

+DED Hes hunky? :3

@esnevip

8 жыл бұрын

+Serah Wint Just....no.

@igniii3348

8 жыл бұрын

cuz you gay

@ZenPaladin

8 жыл бұрын

+Serah Wint Got to admit... that jaw line is pretty epic.

These episodes are so well produced and rich with information it just baffles me. Thank you guys! Keep up the good work! I wish all TV were like this...

Your KZread channel enforced my motivation to study theoretical physics to become an astrophysicist.

@nicolasmorais11

2 жыл бұрын

So... How is it going?

"Do you wanna build a black hole? Come on let's go out to space."

@Handlessuck1

3 жыл бұрын

Do you want to end space time? do you want to die?

Noooo! I have to watch 12 videos before this one to get things right :(

@unison_moody

8 жыл бұрын

+tocaia 12 videos which could teach you something, so nothing wrong with that! It all depends on how you look at things.

@t0caia726

8 жыл бұрын

aw mom!

@t0caia726

8 жыл бұрын

Jks, I'll just enjoy it later ;)

@viermidebutura

8 жыл бұрын

+tocaia ­ u'll have to watch each vid 12 times

@MetricZero

8 жыл бұрын

+tocaia ­ Just think, I had to wait 12 weeks just to see the next episode. You get to binge watch them all.

i love how you guys keep up to date with pop culture. from web comic, to manga, to anime, and now being referenced on a educational channel, Saitama can enter the big leagues of Saiyans and Super man.

@scott5388

4 жыл бұрын

No

Thanks for the information! I'm building a black whole in my backyard for my project

"Are black holes real?" *People after the picture of the black hole:* ye

This is such a fantastic explanation. I've read and come across a good deal of information on black holes but this was concise and really distilled some fuzzy understandings I had.

this is actually a tutorial for a super advanced civilization high school student.

@kgedeongedon5933

2 жыл бұрын

i dont know why my 8 year old niece understands this then care for another bong?

7:12 - 7:28 I think I found a way to think about the process you described here. What the pauli exclusion principle says, is that the combined differences between fermions in all of the spaces (position space, momentum space etc) must be bigger than or equal to some minimum value. Gravity wants to decrease the differences in position space between the neutrons as much as possible, but eventually it will decrease those differences so much, that the differences between the neutrons in all of the spaces, will reach the minimum allowed value, and so the pauli exclusion principle will prevent a further decrease in the differences in position space between the neutrons. When you add another particle, because there are only a few locations it can be inside the neutron star, the certainty in its position is so high, that the uncertainty it implies in the momentum of the particle, is big enough to noticeably increase the differences in momentum space, between the neutrons, which means that now, the combined differences between the neutrons in all of the spaces are bigger than the minimum combined differences, that the pauli exclusion principle demands. This means that there is a net gain in the possible similarity between the spaces (other than momentum space) the neutrons occupy, and that similarity is spent on decreasing the differences between the neutrons in position space, or in other words, bring them closer together. Is this a valid way to interpret the pauli exclusion principle, and the process you described here?

@sc0or

3 жыл бұрын

Schwarzschild radius depends on a mass as power of 1, but a star radius as a power of -3. So, event horizon leaves a surface much earlier than quantum singularity “must” be created. Under an event horizon a “simple” neutron star exists. And it can grow in size as much as it’s needed, being made of quark matter.

OMG! Best Black Hole explanation and reference to One Punch Man!!!! Too Much AWESOME in this Video!!!!

If we could build a ship with an Alcubierre drive, could we fly it into a black hole and return? Also, what about making an "Alcubierre bomb" and launching it into a black hole to rip it apart from the inside out?

@vantave9946

8 жыл бұрын

That's be cool. "oh nose a black hole is approaching a colony world" "Nah it's good mate, we blew it up."

@0gris

8 жыл бұрын

+Shrek Ogreton Since the space inside a black hole event horizon does not have any direction of either space or time to get out, no. I think.

@garethdean6382

8 жыл бұрын

+Shrek Ogreton The curvature of the black hole has 'interesting' effects on your warp bubble. I think it may be possible to zip into a hole and out again if you did it right, but I'm not sure. You definitely can't destroy the hole or get too close to the center, at some point the gravity of the hole would just overwhelm you, no matter how powerful your drive.

@pbsspacetime

8 жыл бұрын

+Shrek Ogreton I'm not sure that the standard Alcubierre metric would do you much good - the warp bubble has the same compressed "pulling" action in front, with positive curvature. However the rear of the bubble has the opposite effect, producing a negative curvature "pushing" action. If you could subject the event horizon to that negative curvature face then it should drive the event horizon backwards. But even if you could somehow surround your entire vessel in a negative curvature bubble and enter the bubble to protect yourself from the extreme curvature near the black hole, once fully inside the Schwartzchild radius I think the event horizon would reform behind you. Then it doesn't matter how "nice" your little patch of space is, you'd still fall to the singularity.

@shrekogreton6405

8 жыл бұрын

PBS Space Time Thanks!

1:10 My guy just said "Let him cook" in 2015, 8 years ahead of the memes

It only took me twenty years of my high school career to find the smart kids' table.

i laughed so much at the last joke!!!

The way he explains things is so effective that I can still understand how everything works, despite not having watched their black hole video.

"This much handsome stubble" had me laughing in my office at 1am. I've been making similar remarks since freshman year of high school. Classic!

Great episode, thank you. I have a question: what happens if one of two entangled particles passes the event horizon while the other doesn't? Thank you again, and take care.

@flaviusclaudius7510

8 жыл бұрын

+Duarte Harris You can't really ever tell experimentally whether they remain entangled, because you only have one of the to measure. Other than that, there's nothing special that happens; sorry to give such a disappointing answer.

@DuarteHarris

8 жыл бұрын

Not at all Natasha. I appreciate the effort. I figured that experimentally one could say nothing about it, at least for now. Mostly I was wandering on what the math says. I find it intriguing, as it acts as a compounded paradox of sorts. Take care,

@paulshanley3884

Жыл бұрын

mate it blows up

“Black holes are one of the strangest objects in the universe” so is his unshaved chin I wasn’t ready for that

@medexamtoolsdotcom

3 жыл бұрын

You mean SHAVED chin? Because it's shaved here.

@LuisSierra42

3 жыл бұрын

He was younger at this time

@kgedeongedon5933

2 жыл бұрын

bully

One Puuuuunch!

@OakyToki

8 жыл бұрын

omg the reference 😂😂😂😂 fucking saitama

@ivanlookin7113

8 жыл бұрын

+Franklin Missark I heard he cheated..!

Dr. Matt this video is extraordinary. I have been searching for a subatomic discription of the proces of the birth of a black hole for quite some time now. Thank you! I know this is far fetched but why are scientist describe a black hole like an "infinitely" dense spot? It can be way denser than everything we know about but have a core, it doesn't have to be infinite until proven so. Thank you again!

Can you dedicate a video to 6D space?

@davidrosner6267

5 жыл бұрын

Can 6D space describe different phenomena with similar mathematics? For instance, can one phase space account for three dimensions of position and three dimensions of momentum while another accounts for three dimensions of space and three dimensions of time? The latter refers to Everett’s Many World’s interpretation of quantum mechanics.

@lucasthompson1650

5 жыл бұрын

@David Rosner Absolutely. In math, a dimension is simply an independent variable. One that can be changed without affecting the others. Many dating sites use data structures known as inverse vector maps (or inverse vector fields) to describe people’s profiles, thus allowing them to match people with similar interests by slightly fuzzy versions of simple vector math (dot and cross products). Each one of those profiles can be considered a 1000 or 5000 dimensional construct, depending on how many things they track and infer about each person.

Just another ordinary how to..

@gagiotter4114

6 жыл бұрын

But for a basic how to, it lacks a lot of egg smashing

@LuisSierra42

5 жыл бұрын

I'm going to start building mine with this awesome tutorial

@yournosetomynose

5 жыл бұрын

My theorem is a B.H. Is anti-matter of various elements thats what makes it weird. My new theorem is that anti matter iron gives a B.H. its major pull and anti elements like it.

@thehusketeers4319

5 жыл бұрын

I got an orange squeezer in my kitchen. I'm going to use it to squeeze an orange into a black hole

Very well done. The position space vs. momentum space explanation is new to me, but makes perfect sense since I've been reading up on my quantum physics lately. If I had to do it all over again, I would definitely be an astrophysicist as the last 20 years have been a target-rich environment. Considering all of the new tech coming online in the next decade, and all of the unanswered questions, I think it will remain as rewarding for the next generation of scientists.

I subscribe to many channels here, but this is one of my favorites, and perhaps the only one where I make it a point to watch every video.

I watched this video 8 years ago. Coming back again after a much better understanding of Quantum Mechanics, and I am blown away completely. I can't believe how well this video explains Neutron Stars. WOW! Thank you for posting superior quality content over the years! :)

Umm if I'm struggling in algebra how long will it take me to learn the mathematics of quantum mechanics? I do watch one punch though.

@michaelsommers2356

8 жыл бұрын

+Frank Sang Finish high-school math, plus four years of undergrad, plus, say, a year of grad school until you get to full-blown quantum field theory. If you'll settle for undergrad quantum mechanics, then you'll just need calculus, linear algebra, and differential equations.

@tuele4302

7 жыл бұрын

Familiarity with complex variables and the theory of distributions (generalized functions) would also be beneficial.

This is an insane concept! Thank you for making this, I am so much more interested in going deeper into this.

this guy is a friggen genius. I've watched about 20 of his videos so I know what I'm talking about.

I am really loooking forward to your videos when I see them in my inbox thanks a lot, you brighten my day

Although we know that black holes exist, we don't yet have a theory that successfully combines Quantum Mechanics with General Relativity. So, the details about what is actually happening during the formation of a black hole is, to a large extent, just speculations.

@Cosmalano

8 жыл бұрын

Don't we have theoretical models that illustrate the formation of black holes such as the work done by Oppenheimer? Isn't that as true as the theoretical models that prove black holes exist?

@MrWhangdoodles

8 жыл бұрын

+electrocat1 The theory that predicted black holes is general relativity. We don't have a theory that explains the formation of black holes and since nothing can be observed beyond the Schwarzschild radius we can't simply wait and watch it happen. If we do manage do create a theory for black holes we can then make models for their formation.

@Cosmalano

8 жыл бұрын

Joonha Shcal I know. But Oppenheimer's work in relativistic cosmology was focused on black hole formation I thought.

@diogenesthedog5345

6 жыл бұрын

Imagine two observers in space. One is, from a distance watching the other fall into the event horizon. According to relativity the first should see the second freeze in time at the boundary and never enter while to the second his clock should seem to work fine as he plunged in. Now suppose the falling one is observing outward at the first as he falls. Would he not observe the outside universe have it's time sped up to the point where it would seem the universe instantly went all the way to heat death with the black hole he w falling into as everything in the black hole including himself instantly radiating away?

@whtbobwntsbobget

6 жыл бұрын

Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky Cool, bro. I bet you're real popular at parties, Saying shit everyone already knows just to sound smart. Go fuck yourself.

The event horizon still exists prior to black hole formation, it's just below the surface of the neutron star, right? Is there a fundamental disconnect between the physics inside and outside of this boundary? I mean, is the outer portion of the neutron star causally disconnected from it's own core?

@churcillcrocodile

8 жыл бұрын

YES, excellent question! Let's hope he'll notice your comment.

@joeybeauvais-feisthauer3137

8 жыл бұрын

+Shawn Pitman I don't think so; if I understand correctly the event horizon doesn't exist while it would be inside the star. A black hole only exists if some ball of matter has a radius smaller than its Schwarzschild radius, and the "event horizon" we see in the animation is just a representation of this critical radius. For example, our Sun itself has a Schwarzschild radius of about 3 km, but intuitively we know that there is nothing special about this ball.

@ShawnPitman

8 жыл бұрын

Joey Beauvais-Feisthauer In principle, I'm okay with this answer. There's so much mass outside the sun's Schwarzchild radius that it seems geodesics in this area wouldn't follow a purely inward path. However, in the case of a neutron star the possibility exists for the Schwarzchild radius to be a nanometer smaller than the radius of the neutron star itself. Surely this isn't an trivial case.

@joeybeauvais-feisthauer3137

8 жыл бұрын

Shawn Pitman It may feel conceptually different, but mathematically the theory can only distinguish between "smaller than" and "bigger than", no matter how close the radii are. Though it is true that the behavior of a neutron star this close to the LOV limit (the mass at which a black hole forms) would be similar in some respects to the behavior of a black hole. Example: Consider a photon emitted radially out from the surface. If the mass is relatively low the light will escape with minor redshifting, but as the mass becomes near-critical the redshift grows asymptotically, and only becomes infinite when the radius is exactly the Schwarzschild one. So visually a neutron star with growing mass would become more and more infrared then microwave then radiowave, but only pure black when the threshold is crossed. So I guess the object you describe could be called a near-black hole :P

@garethdean6382

8 жыл бұрын

+Shawn Pitman Things do get weird when close to the limit. For example, light can orbit the star above its surface in a 'photon sphere'. Neutrons may break down into 'quark-gluon plasma' and so on.

1:13 Wait, let it cook 🗣🗣🗣

This is my favourite channel on KZread, and you just covered my favourite subject in science. Soo happy.

8:38 What happens to the star when it slips below its event horizon? I'd love to see an entire video on just that.

@RJ-rf8fu

2 жыл бұрын

I think the physics term for what happens is: *squish*

Wow. That is first KZread video in a long time from which I've learned something. Great job!

i wouldn't watch a normal channel with audio this bad but this channel i would still binge

I had never seen anyone explaining stellar collapse in this way. I finally understand BHs! Thanks, PBS!

The star "slipping" beneath the event horizon makes it seem like the black hole was at the center of the star the entire time...

I absolutely loved this, this is motivating me to go back into my original major

Excellent video, as usual. I'm sure I'm not the only one who would appreciate hearing more about quantum mechanics. Quite fascinating!

i realy liked the 6 dimension bit best ive ever visualized more than 4Dimensions

You need to link referenced videos in the description because mobile devices can't click thumbnails in the video.

@MuppetsSh0w

8 жыл бұрын

+Emmett Turner There's an icon in the corner of your screen.

@MuppetsSh0w

8 жыл бұрын

+Emmett Turner Assuming you're on iOS

@emmettturner9452

8 жыл бұрын

+MuppetsSh0w Not getting it but probably because KZread ++ blocks it like an ad

I've had a question about black holes, particularly supermassive blackholes that I can't seem to get an answer around. If a singularity is infinitely small, and matter heading towards it accelerates continuously till it reaches it, it will never reach the singularity, yes? Which means that it accelerates infinitely, possibly beyond the speed of light. With time dilation, from an external observer, the singularity forms at a point infinitely in the future, yes? With objects within the black hole traveling faster than c, does it not make sense that the external observable universe, to them, appears to go backwards in time? And, if these objects traveling towards the singularity are traveling backwards in time, do they go backwards infinitely to the big bang? Is this where the theory of a "donut shaped universe" comes from? I guess what I'm driving at, is do tachyons exist?

@Shizzlewish

8 жыл бұрын

+Punk Patriot My head just exploded

@UnknownXV

8 жыл бұрын

+Punk Patriot The problem is that, as you approach the event horizon, all physical laws are still met. Nothing travels faster than c within the boundaries of the universe. But when you cross the event horizon, all bets are off. spacetime is so distorted, in ways we truly just can't understand yet, that what happens in there is impossible to say, and more importantly as mentioned in the video, nothing ever happens inside the event horizon of a black hole within our own frame of reference. Nothing inside the black hole can ever see anything outside of it. The black hole itself distorts time so much that, to the effect, if you could survive entering a blackhole, the entirety of all events that unfold on the outside universe would happen instantly. If you could enter a black hole and somehow exit it, which is impossible but speaking purely hypothetically, you'd exit into a universe infinitely into the future. If the universe has an infinite lifespan.. I'm not even sure what that means. Infinite minus infinite?

@spoonfullofdynamite

8 жыл бұрын

+Punk Patriot The easy answer is that objects aren't going to be going faster than speed of light once they pass the event horizon. If an object fell from an infinite distance toward Earth, it would be traveling about 11,190 m/s, which is also the escape velocity of Earth. So in terms of a black hole, IF an object were able to fall towards a black hole from an infinite distance, when it reached the singularity it would be going c. But in reality nothing falls from an infinite distance. As for the beginning of your question, yes black holes are infinitely small, yes matter continuously accelerates when falling, but it will meet the singularity. If tachyons did exist, we would expect to see them being emitted from black holes, and we don't observe that. Hope that helped :)

@Heavy_Metal1982

8 жыл бұрын

+UnknownXV black holes evaporate in less than an infinite amount of time. So as soon as you enter the EV from your point of view the black hole would evaporate instantly. I guess you would too.

@UnknownXV

8 жыл бұрын

***** Thing is, they wouldn't, because from the black hole's frame of reference, time passes normally. It's a contradictions of sorts, because to the black hole, the outside universe doesn't exist (all of time has passed). Hard to wrap your mind around.

I have no idea what you all are talking about, but you make it interesting to listen to. I can't stop watching. Thanks for these videos.

Im amazed on how well can you explain this.

Disclaimer: Don't try this at home

@Diaming787

3 жыл бұрын

Yeah, whatever you create with a mass of a coffee mug would evaporate with hawking radiation and explode instantly at the atomic bomb scale.

I want to change my microwave oven into a gravitational wave oven, that way I can heat stars instead of coffe!!

You made it absolutely easy to understand. Thank you!

excellent explanation and graphics. Thanks a lot!

iron nuclei... I think I just found the name for my rock and roll band

@harry_page

7 жыл бұрын

Even better: exothermic fusion

@dingdong475

4 жыл бұрын

@@harry_page even better: going nowhere in life.

@harry_page

4 жыл бұрын

@@dingdong475 Heh, tell me about it. I have crippling depression!

One thing really bugs me. If events inside the black hole don't happen from our perspective, but in it everything the hole experiences kind of happens at the same 'time', then what about the hole evaporating due to Hawking-radiation? How would that manifest from an inside perspective?

this is an incredible video, I absolutely love it! More quantum mechanics would be great in the future, aswell as superstrings.

Great video, as always!

I find black holes interesting but very confusing. Can black holes be theoretically destroyed by being pried apart from their dense state by other nearby matter? For example if there is a black hole, and it orbited by many black holes or even many, many dense stars, then would the other black holes or stars combined gravity impact on the inner black hole and (providing can be made to remain stable in orbit) reverse the state of the black hole being a black hole?

If black holes leak in our space-time, why don't they instantly evaporate in their own?

@ThePunkPatriot

8 жыл бұрын

+Twilord Maybe they do.

@GiantsGraveGaming

8 жыл бұрын

+Twilord it's ironic because, from the frame of reference of anything inside the black hole, history runs out in a blink of an eye... so yeah, istantly.

@garethdean6382

8 жыл бұрын

+Twilord Because the rate a hole leaks depends on how big it is. The bigger it is the less it leaks. Any hole bigger than about the moon's mass will actually get heavier by absorbing the cosmic microwave background radiation faster than it can leak stuff.

@F8LDragon2

8 жыл бұрын

+Gareth Dean "sucking" is a bad word to blackholes

@garethdean6382

8 жыл бұрын

F8LDragon2 This is true, they suck at sucking,. Oh well, can't change it now.

Great video as always

i cannot express how brilliant this video is, such clean precise simple explanations of really complex stuff. honestly thank you so much for uploading! Subscribe!

how about a supermassive black hole, do we know how those are made?

@ThePunkPatriot

8 жыл бұрын

+PMW3 yeah, add more mass.

@viermidebutura

8 жыл бұрын

+PMW3 add more mass or more black holes

@vantave9946

8 жыл бұрын

+viermidebutura Black holes eating black holes? Yes please!

@Carlos-ln8fd

8 жыл бұрын

black holes merging together i think

@garethdean6382

8 жыл бұрын

+PMW3 Basically they form at the center of galaxies at the dawn of the stellar age, where the most modest of holes has enough time and food to grow into a behemoth.

Saitama is the man. Haha Awesome episode, I love the theory behind black holes.

Thank you for sharing this. That was very a powerful topic. Well presented.

Yes! Thank you! Now that I finally know how to build a black hole, I can make one in my backyard. I just hope my neighbors don't mind.

cant believe you guys pulled in Saitama in the end scene !!!!

If we could crack FTL travel with the Alcubierre Drive, would it be theoretically possible to cross a Black Hole's Event Horizon and come back? If the answer's yes... "when" would the spaceship come out of it? That question just blows my mind

@viermidebutura

8 жыл бұрын

+Angelo Brillante from ur perspective u'll cross the event horizon and u'll see the universe fast forwarding in time to infinity exiting is impossible because the thing about infinity is that it never ends

@agustinvenegas5238

8 жыл бұрын

You'd basically freeze inside, and if you came out it would be in the distant future, like, a couple billion centuries from now

@garethdean6382

8 жыл бұрын

+Angelo Brillante Maybe but probably no.The problem is your drive uses warped space... and the hole is warped space. It's like taking a candle into a forest fire. The hole can overcome your little warp bubble and destroy it, and then, in short succession, you.

@karthikeyan020

8 жыл бұрын

+Angelo Brillante I think you forgot that radially outward is not a possible direction inside the black hole... so any direction you to come out of the black hole you be going only inwards.

@AngeloBrillante

8 жыл бұрын

+viermidebutura I know that, this is why I find it so mindblowing!

Amazing video. VFX, as always, were on point. :)

super awesome video, never heard of momentum space before.

Are the Planck length and the Planck time even valid boundaries anymore under the conditions of a black hole?

@garethdean6382

8 жыл бұрын

+T. Markus Gellert They are the point at which space ceases to make sense. This does not depend on how curved the space is, so they should be limits even in the blackest of holes.

@ObjectsInMotion

8 жыл бұрын

So the Planck length is actually defined using black holes. It is approximately the length of the smallest black hole possible, the point where a bit of mass's event horizon is equal to its quantum wavelength.

@AaronFresh09

5 жыл бұрын

Yes they are

Suddenly 10:50 beard

Greatest series ever don't stop making these!

5:31 Notice anything ;] Terrific video / explanation man!! Me and Amber are planning to start on our black hole this week.

is it possible that black holes form because the neutron star gets so dense, all given space is so full there literally is no alternate location for a particle. It could therefore violate the uncertainty principle? So it gets shrouded by the event horizon where it can't be observed?

@viermidebutura

8 жыл бұрын

+Michael Durkin it does that out of shame for breaking Pauli's law

@fr8trainUS

8 жыл бұрын

+viermidebutura nice

@viermidebutura

8 жыл бұрын

Michael Durkin srsly now it doesn't violate the uncertainty principle it uses the uncertainty principle The more matter is added each neutron has less room to move around but as the uncertainty principle states each neutron has more and more momentum after a certain limit is reached the space-time itself fails and everything inside that region is no longer part of this reality or this is what i understood from this vid... guess i have to watch it again

@garethdean6382

8 жыл бұрын

+Michael Durkin No, in degenrate matter all physical space is already taken up. The possible momentum space is near-infinite, so the heavier the star gets the faster its particles whizz about. Because of spacetime curvature the particles begin whizzing more and more towards the center, even as they get more and more energy and thus speed. At some point they can no longer whizz outward and you have yourself a black hole.

@viermidebutura

8 жыл бұрын

Gareth Dean the momentum space has an upper limit or to be more precise above that limit the known physics breaks down for a single particle is the Plank energy limit and for a collection of particles is the Schwarzschild limit

If in the event horizon "time stops", how can 2 black holes merge????

@garethdean6382

8 жыл бұрын

+Raimar Lunardi It only stops from the perspective of an outside observer. Holes canmerge because the difference between 'two holes really close' and 'one big hole' becomes infinitely small as they merge until you can't tell the difference.

Love this episodes... thanks.

Love the One Punch Man reference at the end, really made my day. Keep up the good work!

+PBS Space Time So prior to its collapse beyond the event horizon or after that point does a Neutron star behave in anyway ways similar to a bose-einstein-condensate where all the neutrons behave as if they were one single quantum mechanical wave function?

@fandomguy8025

6 жыл бұрын

If these materials become a boson then yes, if not no.

So every black hole in the universe has just been born, in our timeline, if there is infinite time dilation in a black hole? Then how can a singularity exist? Also how can a quasar stop being active if time dilation is so extreme close to the event horizon? Shouldn't every galaxy core have a quasar then. Or does that mean that a quasar never existed in our galaxy?

@DeepBlueChannel

7 жыл бұрын

Good point! that means either singularity does not exist or time dilation is not as we think!

@Grivian

7 жыл бұрын

I'm really trying to understand this, but no video about black holes seem to explain this. Should't quasars outlive red dwarfs in the future, since they experience close to infinite time dilation. Maybe I should read a book about it instead of expecting answers on youtube ;)

@ecartman1214

7 жыл бұрын

+Sigurd Torvaldsson u let me explain. This infinite time dilation only occurs beyond the horizon. Just outside the horizon however the curvature is still so intense that the gases spiraling around it approach the speed of light. The friction of these events are so extreme, the fermions decompose into high energy electromagnetic energy (gamma rays) which navigate to the poles of the black hole and are subsequently ejected into space. Furthermore there is such ferocious energy released that the matter around the black hole is also pushed back beyond that of the decaying orbit that created this incomprehensible accretion disk. All of this occurs outside the event horizon this can be observed as actual events in our timeline.

@ecartman1214

7 жыл бұрын

+Sigurd Torvaldsson I also wanted to comment on your misrepresentation of time dilation. Time and space are relevant. The extreme curvature of space makes your inertial frame of reference vastly less than an object in a "straighter" region of space time. Events them selves are not altered in a way you describe. A photon accelerating away from just outside the photosphere will still move away at the speed of light. It might be red shifted a little bit but if you are 1 light year from the even horizon, a phone just outside will reach you in 1 year. Likewise the events of the quasar will happen in real time, and it will conclude as I described. Time dials ruin doesn't magically slow down the actual events.

@Khannea

7 жыл бұрын

If you'd fly around the Earth at light speed you would wrap around the earth 7 times per second. Now visualize that for a second. It will be quite forceful to move even appreciably that fast. Now increase the mass of the Earth to four or so times the sun. That means about 1.3 million earths. Now if you orbit the sun you NEED to move almost the speed of light at about 15000 kilometers NOT to fall in. Imagine going that fast. Imagine gas going around the black hole that fast. Imagine all that material rubbing up against all other atoms. It will create friction. A LOT OF FRICTION. Much like your kitchen blender will also get hot. Super-massive black holes are really really big and exert a lot of pull. So around one of those a lot of material can form a discrete ring around it. But as the ring forms, matter on the inner edge will become retarded in terms of time flow. That means it will pile up in a collision. Material on the outside wants to fall in, because of all the friction, but it can't because material closer to the black hole is experiencing some level of time dillation because (a) it moves to goddamn fast and (b) it is fairly close to the black hole. Fairly close as in about the diameter of the black hole. Also because it's all so hot there radiation will push outward against matter inside this "cauldron". Matter will be kept at bay by the most powerful explosive that is known in the current universe. HEnce it will pile up even more and overflow the ring system in to an ever thicker donut. Eventually the black hole will become entirely obscured (embedded) in a tube-like structure, and the only opening where some light may escape would be along the polar axis. That';s why you get a donut of the most extreme temperatures in the universe, much hotter than theoretically possible. earthsky.org/space/the-extremely-hot-heart-of-quasar-3c273 You have to realize thse orbiting ring systems would be very large - if a small black hole would have an active accretion disk the ring would extend out tens of millions of kilometers. Compare that size with the size of the black hole. Tens of millions of kilometers versus ten kilometer. I.e. the black hole is a million or so times smaller than its accretion disk. All the really violent stuff happens in a region only a few tenthousand kilometers around the black hole, i.e. you can't even properly see the black hole at those scales. There is a very very small needle point in there at the center (when feeding), but it's mostly obscured by a 24/7/365 nuclear detonation.

fantastic explanation

glad i found this place love nerdin out

If physical space (volume) becomes zero shouldn't momentum space become infinite, effectively giving you an infinitely large event horizon? I'm really not clear on why the event horizon grows as more mass is added. How does an infinitely dense point get more dense?

@DeliciousNubbs

8 жыл бұрын

+Matt “Mazriel” Gibson I think in the video it says that all the geodesics point to the singularity (middle). So any "expansion" of the momentum space also occurs towards the singularity?

@mgworkchat

8 жыл бұрын

+Jan-Michael Cabrera that makes more sense than what's going on in my head. Hopefully he might address it.

@TheRobertJong

8 жыл бұрын

+Jan-Michael Cabrera So are we saying that its expanding both internally and externally at the same time? Or is it that the space expands but turns in on itself at the event horizon? I think im having a hard time understanding the concept of "momentum space" haha

@ThePunkPatriot

8 жыл бұрын

+Matt “Mazriel” Gibson I don't fully grasp the stuff about the momentum space, but I think of 3-D space as being like the fabric of a sponge, and the momentum space as being the dimensions that 3-D space can expand/contract into. No matter how the sponge is manipulated, the total distance of the fibers of the sponge remains the same, but the size of the sponge can get bigger, smaller, and be manipulated into other shapes. So if that's how to think about it, the momentum space "expands" inwards towards the singularity, like squishing the sponge down into a little ball.

@UnknownXV

8 жыл бұрын

+Punk Patriot Momentum space is like "potential" 3-D space, I think.

Why need of fuels instead we could use someone like Saitama

For some weird reason, I just love the super nova explosion sound :O. I keep rewinding to listen to it again and again

Really cleared up a lot I didn't know

instant beard in 3...2...1... 10:47

so every black hole in the universe started as a 3 solar mass black hole?

@GiantsGraveGaming

8 жыл бұрын

+Ciroluiro or more.

@Smung

8 жыл бұрын

+Ciroluiro The andromeda Galaxy hole has a 150 million solar mass black hole in the middle. EDIT: I didn't read the second comment before commenting

@KohuGaly

8 жыл бұрын

+Ciroluiro every black hole that forms from collapsing neutron star. There are other ways to create black hole. For example, you can theoretically create a black hole by passing narrow high-power lasers trough very narrow volume of space, creating a kugelblitz - microscopic black hole.

@pbsspacetime

8 жыл бұрын

+Ciroluiro If the iron core of the collapsing star is a higher than 3 solar masses then it will make a more massive black hole. In fact such a star it only passes through the neutron star phase very briefly during its collapse. By the time the supernova is done then all you have is a black hole.

@Tomyb15

8 жыл бұрын

+PBS Space Time oh I see then. So a more appropriate statement would be that every black hole in the universe started as a neutron star, right?

thanks, this was the simplest tutorial i found on the internet. now i have my own mini-blackhole in my room, i can finally get rid of trash without having to worry about a thing!

Great video, thanks.