How Russian Flame Artillery Deployed in Ukraine
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To counter entrenched positions, militaries in the 1970s and 80s increasingly relied on air power and artillery that was getting more accurate with each passing year. This approach had limitations though as regular artillery could be slow to respond and still had trouble defeating the heaviest types of fortification, while airstrikes required air superiority and were still vulnerable to air defenses like SAM’s and infantry teams with short range missiles. To fill this capability gap left behind after the retirement of flame tanks, the Soviet military began designing what would become the TOS-1 in the early 1980s.
Written by: Chris Cappy & Diego Aceituno
Edited by: Savvy Studios
Development was carried out in secret at the KTBM design bureau in Omsk, entering service in 1988 during the final years of the Soviet-Afghan War. Despite being used in combat trials in the Panjshir Valley of Afghanistan, the TOS-1 wasn’t unveiled to the public for another 10 years. Because of this secrecy not much is known about its early development history, but the nickname “Buratino” comes from the Russian translation for Pinocchio, as Russian designers thought the TOS-1 had a “big nose.” We don’t personally see the resemblance but if any of you viewers out there can crack Soviet engineers’ sense of humor then I’m sure there’s a position for you at the CIA.
Key to the TOS-1’s performance and the reason for all the secrecy around the weapons project is the Buratino’s focus on using incendiary and thermobaric warheads at close range. The Russian military still has problems building precision guided weapons in 2023 and this was even more of a problem in the late 80s so bringing a rocket launcher closer to the target has the benefit of improving both accuracy and response time. The first versions of the TOS-1 had a maximum range of about 3.5 kilometers, far shorter than similar 220mm rocket systems like the BM-27 Uragan which fires out to 34 kilometers.
This reflects the more direct support role of the TOS-1, bringing the firepower right up to the target for maximum effect, but being closer also makes the launcher much more vulnerable to enemy fire and artillery. To offset this vulnerability, both the TOS-1 and its reloading vehicle were built using a fully armored T-72 tank hull for mobility and protection. All aiming and firing functions can be performed from inside the vehicles so crew aren’t exposed to the battlefield, and the TOS-1 can go from on-the-move to firing on a target within 90 seconds, ensuring a quick response to requests for fire missions.
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@just_a_turtle_chad
11 ай бұрын
We should also stop American war crimes. Both sides bad.
@boogerdog5247
11 ай бұрын
It's my favorite weapon. Can't wait until the upcoming counter failure gets to a "fever" pitch and massing occurs. Then we will see the crispy critters get going. I also like the thermite versions, that get the metal gone. Hope to get to see more such efficient usage soon. Graham, has yet to run out of the ladt Ukranian, but he's getting close. Slava zuchinni.
@interstellarsurfer
11 ай бұрын
Go and stop it, big boy. 😉👍
@topiasr628
11 ай бұрын
Wow. For the longest time, I thought these could fire live rounds! Appreciate the clarification 🙄 YT regs can be dumb as hell
@frankpointgod7747
11 ай бұрын
You are a Government agent 🤣🤣All you do is lie. V FOR RUSSIA CLOWN
The interesting thing about the TOS-1 is that it was supposed to be operated by Soviet CBRN troops. The logic was that you can’t have contaminated ground from chemical weapons or biological agents if you vaporize it with thermobaric warheads.
@maeton-gaming
11 ай бұрын
Soviet solution af. "Comrade, ahead we have heavily contaminated terrain" "Burn it"
@dogfaceponysoldier
11 ай бұрын
Flame operations has always been the purview of chemical troops in most armies. It had zero to do with decontamination. As a US Army chemical dude one of my jobs was to make napalm and fill munitions and flame throwers.
@MondoChow777
11 ай бұрын
@@dogfaceponysoldier Make napalm? You mean handle napalm.
@matthewgibbs6886
11 ай бұрын
@@MondoChow777 mixing napalm is a time honored tradition.
@dogfaceponysoldier
11 ай бұрын
@mondochow4425 nope. Make it. With waste oil, mogas and M-4 thickener. Made in 55 gallon drums.
Anyone else thinks the TOS looks straight out of Command and Conqour?
@sctm81
11 ай бұрын
Yes, it has a great look to it.
@gooner72
11 ай бұрын
What a game that was, eh?
@Not_Invisible_117
11 ай бұрын
Probably were they got it from.
@martinhriibek3443
11 ай бұрын
It looks like rocket launchers from Dune 2 intro.
@mongooserina
11 ай бұрын
Rise of The Reds mod has it
As soon as you said that Ukraine captured some of them to use against Russia... my first question was "and how much ammo?" I'd doubt there was any significant use of these by the Ukrainians.
@raycearcher5794
11 ай бұрын
Ukraine had a lot of Soviet munitions production, which is a big part of how they've been able to keep so many captured tanks and artillery pieces firing. That said, I suspect these are more valuable as a source of tank parts than for redeployment.
@tomk3732
11 ай бұрын
There was only one, not proven, report of use in 2022. There is no ammo for these systems made in Ukraine. Systems use post Soviet ammo.
@tomk3732
11 ай бұрын
@@raycearcher5794 This is not a Soviet system.
@rafdmour8929
11 ай бұрын
@@raycearcher5794lol , it literally entered service after the collapse of the USSR
@taikasilma
10 ай бұрын
highly doubt it, it's not so easy to reproduce something like that fast. Also there is ammo shortage in entire West at the moment - they will not even start something new to produce since there is not enough ammo for current howitzers and tanks. Also UA have no air support and using TOS short range artillery without air support is suicide.
Got to say it looks beautiful with all the shock waves going outward. Pretty terrifying, but strangely beautiful
We, the USAF, tested this airbomb on Loatian villages in the early 1970s. I had a patient (I'm a doc) who became an ordinance engineer but who had to go onto the ground to assess the effectiveness of this experiment. Everything was dead and exploded, men, women children, goats, beatles, chickens. He was sickened.
@deidresable
11 ай бұрын
The west or US doing it so it's not a war crime (see the pattern here)
@NeveauRock
11 ай бұрын
But Russia using them is a "war crime", huh?
@EDKguy
11 ай бұрын
That's awful, especially that it killed The Beatles.
@reggieziet
11 ай бұрын
@@EDKguy Only Ringo Starr
@reggieziet
11 ай бұрын
whut? no not really right
Are it's effects horrifying. Yes. Is it hideously effective against trenches and bunkers? Yes. But is it a war crime to use such a weapon? No. (Unless used against civilians).
@comradedyatlov712
11 ай бұрын
Everything Russia uses is always against civilians!
@caesarsalad1170
11 ай бұрын
Killing civilians is a war crime no matter the method.
@ZaphnathPanea
11 ай бұрын
@@indiasuperclean6969 why are Indians so weird on the internet and always think their country is the apex of humanity lol
@rumatadestora
11 ай бұрын
The use of thermobaric weaponry was designated a war crime back in the 1980ies but because they are so effective nobody actually went as far as to outright ban them. The UNO expressed deep concern about it, as they usually do instead of actually doing something about the matter. And that's that for now
@josephstalin839
11 ай бұрын
Bro being destroyed inside of a bunker is terrible for anybody soldier inside it if the bomb doesn't kill you then the collapsed concrete/steel will. Via crushed alive.
The range issue is less about precision than payload dimensions: This type of warhead is very heavy and takes up a lot of space. To make it longer range would either require an enormous rocket engine, a glide phase (which would make it easy to interdict), or a powered glide phase (massive increase to complexity for minimal gain) -- all of which would massively increase the size of each munition and limit the size of vlley per launcher. These tradeoffs are really hard to balance out, and it is clear which tradeoff the Russian design went with.
@Daokl
11 ай бұрын
Oh no, there are thermobaric rockets for 300mm systems (smerch, tornado-s) same range as othr types. For other 220mm systems (uragan and tos-2) - more range than tos-1a. So there are plenty of thermobaric mlrs options in Russian arsenal, so tos-1a is a special tool, because thermobarics are only effective if there's precision and/or decent grouping. You have to hit quite close to target for any effect apart from intimidation and smoke.
I've seen Australian Air mounted Thermobaric weapons being demonstrated. Even from over a KM away, this thing going off is very powerful, and briefly feels like standing next to a gas radiator. I'd hate to be in the middle of an attack by one of these munitions.
@paulbeesley8283
11 ай бұрын
"Oh, do you think so? I always told my men that the closer you are to the point of an explosion, the safer you are " Evelyn Waugh. Officers and Gentlemen
@greg.kasarik
11 ай бұрын
@@paulbeesley8283 That is satire for you... 🙂
@greebj
11 ай бұрын
You could say beyond a certain point the chance of being KIA decreases the closer you are to the source of the explosion... ...because the chance of being completely vaporised by it and classed MIA increases
@aymonfoxc1442
11 ай бұрын
That's an interesting anecdote. Cheers 🍻
@nicolasandresmartinez-cond126
11 ай бұрын
I'd hate to be not close enough to be killed, but close enough to be left alive and maimed lol
American made M202 FLASH is also categorized as flame thrower so the classification isn't that unique.
@chill29394
11 ай бұрын
M202 FLASH is a flamethrower. It's not a thermobaric MLRS. Calling TOS1 a flamethrower is just calling a rifle a butter knife.
@zbyszanna
11 ай бұрын
@@chill29394 they both use rockets to deliver their incendiary loads and this is their main characteristics. Obviously the scale is different, but not the core functionality.
@chill29394
11 ай бұрын
@@zbyszanna absolutely not. Core functionality of TOS-1 is thermobaric effect. M202 doesn't even have that functionality.
@johanmetreus1268
11 ай бұрын
@@chill29394 The TOS-1 does have plain incendiary rockets though, which confirms @zbyzanna's point. That the Americans for one reason or another choose to never develop a FAE-warhead to the M202 is hardly Kremlin's fault.
@Oktokolo
11 ай бұрын
It is different when the USA does it. Always. No exceptions from that exception.
You've mangled the "Solntsepek" even more spectacularly than one could expect :) Literally, the world means "sunblaze", which is more passing than Buratino for sure.
@rodiculous9464
11 ай бұрын
It's a running joke on this channel that he mangles the names of everything
@clivedinosaur8407
11 ай бұрын
Go easy on the guy, @12:16 he can't even spell battalions properly. Betallions is not even close.
@TheSpaceBrosShow
11 ай бұрын
I am honestly impressed
@zadovrus1624
11 ай бұрын
@@clivedinosaur8407 As opposed to Sigmallion
@garethjones6342
11 ай бұрын
SOLENVESKY! because if its russian its gotta end with a "sky" sound right? that made me cringe pretty badly
The TOS1 is "identified as a flamethrower" because that's the translation from Russian to English. Flamethrower means something different in Russian than it does in English. It's kind of like their new mining system, it's called "agriculture." That doesn't mean they're planting daisies, the Russian word identifies a method of seeding mines over a large area.
@Daokl
11 ай бұрын
Nah, funny names are just that, nothing to do with translation. And certainly agriculture has nothing to do with laying mines, just as flamethrower in russian mass culture is not a missile. For example most artillery systems are called after flowers species - pion, giacint, magnolia, droc, etc But some are not - msta (name of a river), acacia (tree), coalicia (coalition). Same goes for some police equipment - one baton is called "an argument", underwear - "tiger", teargas - "bird-cherry", handcuffs - "tenderness"
@husa5777
11 ай бұрын
как русский скажу, что если переводить дословно на английский, то будет означать как примерно (very sunny summer day)
@user-us7gr8mj8m
11 ай бұрын
Я бы перевел так: heatness of sun in 12:00 on the beach😅
@user-us7gr8mj8m
11 ай бұрын
burning sunshine это наверное лучше)
@JulioCezar-we9zo
10 ай бұрын
@@husa5777 вы сами не понимаете о чем говорите. Они пишут про flamethrower. А у нас она именно так и называется тяжелая огнеметная система. Вопрос к слову огнеметная. И в русском языке к этому есть вопросы.
This happens when u upgrade shovel so much it becomes mini nuke.
Use of flame weapons is not a war crime, however using them to suppress civilians is a war crime.
@vladislavchekunov4530
11 ай бұрын
Prove it’s been used intentionally against civilians?? Not from Ukranians sources please
@utkarshg.bharti9714
11 ай бұрын
Do you think that the NATO or Russia care about it? Neither gives a damn about laws.
@mrguiltyfool
11 ай бұрын
While i listen to the Serbian song my father is a war criminal by baja
@lostonearth7856
11 ай бұрын
You are actually wrong. The Geniva convention since the 70s have banned all use near or at Cities or any sort of Human settlements due to how indiscriminate they are.
@UpVade
11 ай бұрын
@@vladislavchekunov4530 Brainwashed
Its definitely useful against dug in targets and in urban warfare against enemy strongholds. It substitutes air power in many scenarios and is insensitive to the presence of strong anti air defenses.
@BojanPeric-kq9et
11 ай бұрын
I never understood, like for Azovstal, why Russians didn't use tear gas. I don't see how it can be considered "chemical weapons" when used by police against unarmed people even in democratic countries. Or burning sulphur. They are very unpleasant at concentrations which are far bellow lethal.
@johanmetreus1268
11 ай бұрын
@@BojanPeric-kq9et In order to avoid any grey zones, ALL use of gas is prohibited in war. Reason it's allowed by police (who also may use hollow-point ammunition) is that it is relatively unlikely that the police "accidentally" would mix in mustard- or nerve gas into their riot control gear and then claim "it's only tear gas".
@thenegociater3387
11 ай бұрын
@@BojanPeric-kq9et Tear gas isn't that voluminous and can't expand enough in a controlled manner to clear any long corridor or large space. It doesn't hang around that long either by design and dissipates. You need very specialized pumps and other equipment to even concentrate it in a tunnel as the USA found out in the Vietnam war. A simple office door with a rag under it can essentially block its passage. it's meant to discourage a crowd of protestors or smoke out a small car or a bedroom. Nothing more.
@Oktokolo
11 ай бұрын
@@BojanPeric-kq9et There where civilians of their new provinces in the Azovstal bunker system. War is brutal enough as it is and they had encircled the area. So they decided to just besiege them until they surrender. No need to kill your own for a quick victory when time is on your side. Otherwise, thermobarics might have been used tehre too (although actual bunker systems like that in Azovstal might be immune because of being designed to protect against extreme pressure waves).
@Not_Invisible_117
11 ай бұрын
@@johanmetreus1268 If it's banned in war it should be banned for police, including hollow points.
The TOS-1 and the Lancet are two incredible monsters.
@user-qo3yy9nv1u
11 ай бұрын
Yep. Ukraine receiving 200B and getting beat on by budget weapons and taking (to some sources) 10:1 losses. This thing going on is stupid. Ukraine can't win this war and maybe if nato stayed minding their own business and if Minsk accords were followed the world would be a better place.
@vickomen3697
11 ай бұрын
@@user-qo3yy9nv1u everybody knows UA stands zero chances of winning anything here.
@user-qo3yy9nv1u
11 ай бұрын
@@vickomen3697 you'd be surprised. Americans, those on the left are easilly manipulated.
@MichailKravchenko
11 ай бұрын
+ KA-52
@vererertert
11 ай бұрын
@@user-qo3yy9nv1u lmao, 10:1? Russian army one of the weakest army in the world, and they even cant beat small country like Ukraine in the direct warfare. You are listen to much propaganda bro
I loved how he showed the "Siege of Sevastopol" of 1854-1855 and talked about german nazy attacks. Yes, that poor city was sieged more than once or twice.
@cheesytacos6498
11 ай бұрын
Also the crimean war
@dentercognitarna7602
11 ай бұрын
@@Galaktionov hope not
@dentercognitarna7602
11 ай бұрын
@@Galaktionov what you mean
@user-ss1wn8ci3e
10 ай бұрын
The Crimean Tatars during the war with Russia destroyed and drove into slavery about a third of the population of Russia.
Small portable thermobarics must do crit psych damage to enemy units. Seriously though, wouldn't want to be in the other side if that.
@maeton-gaming
11 ай бұрын
Seeing TOS impact grids filmed up close from Russian drone POV especially in the humid conditions being fought right now let's you see the shockwave front from each exploding warhead.... That really drives home how wicked strong these weapons must be. The stories of corpses being found with lungs ripped out from the overpressure seem likely :/
@semyongelfenbein902
11 ай бұрын
least indian shizo
@calidawg510
11 ай бұрын
I can dodge all of them missiles
@charlesoboyle4787
11 ай бұрын
Hell they are waaaaay too close to enemy lines-just 6km range-with drones EVERYWHERE-who the hell would want to crew THAT The fuel part of this explosive-would be ignited by a tiny drone warhead-a grenade-not like normal HE which require significant explosive to detonate Yeah I would not want to crew THAT-imagine the fireball when all the rockets go off-on the crew- Drones everywhere 155 precision munitions available-not for me-too little range-they will find you
@Oktokolo
11 ай бұрын
@@charlesoboyle4787 That is why they mounted it on a tank chassis. They literally designed their weapons to be used in a nuclear conflict with Nato because they where convinced, that one is inevitable. I expect that tank to be airtight. The operators of that system might actually survive while any soft targets outside are getting ripped to pieces. There is a reason for these things not being given to normal infantry - or PMCs...
The USMC SMAW-NE is a shoulder fired Thermobaric rocket. It has been in service for at least 20 years. Great weapon system unless you have to carry it around.
@j.robertsergertson4513
11 ай бұрын
Oh yeah the SMAW is so great only the Marines get stuck with it!
@huntclanhunt9697
11 ай бұрын
We also used the M202 Flash into the 1990s. That thing literally fired napalm rockets.
@Stinger522
11 ай бұрын
@@j.robertsergertson4513 Why didn't the Army want it?
@trogdortpennypacker6160
11 ай бұрын
Yes, it was used pretty heavily in Fallujah to clear buildings, for some I was just watching some footage of dudes firing them off a roof. Though we also used Mark 77 fuel air bombs in Fallujah which was pretty bad in retrospect.....
@greenbrickbox3392
11 ай бұрын
@@trogdortpennypacker6160 Yeah US used incendiaries in Fallujah since the targets were the insurgents and not civilians and US did a leaflet drop beforehand which satisfied the laws of armed conflict in regards to mitigating civilian casualties. Very questionable to use thermobarics/incendiaries in a populated city (even after evacuation), but the effectiveness of these weapons are why US and Russia use them and block any attempts to ban them.
I love it that Cappy has to say 'non-firing' on the tiny GOAT guns to pass the KZread censors. Excellent coverage of an rarely discussed weapon system.
A correction: the MOAB is not a thermobaric bomb. It's in the heaviest class of conventional bombs, hence the MO ("massive ordinance") designator. Thermobarics like the BLU-82 don't carry much explosive, just aerosolized fuel that needs to mix with air to become explosive.
@robotnikkkk001
11 ай бұрын
.........SO,THERE WAS A MENTIONING MORE THAN A 10 YEARS AGO....ABOUT RUSSIANS MADE THEIR BLU-82 THAT WAS 4 TIMES MORE STRONGER THAN MOAB SO THEY CALLED IN "FATHER OF ALL BOMBS" ........ACTUALLY IT'S PRETTY MUCH ANXIOUS ABOUT MAYBE THEY'LL ALSO START TO DEPLOY THEM
I can't believe they're using Term of services on Ukraine!!!
@cinnamoon423
11 ай бұрын
What's next? A dmca?? The ban?
@WynnofThule
11 ай бұрын
Ah yes, the most feared type of soldier on the battlefield Lawyers
@blankblank7016
11 ай бұрын
Really is that why India has a small navy
@ZackHab
11 ай бұрын
@@indiasuperclean6969 we love india 🇺🇦🤝 🇮🇳
@johnboie4964
11 ай бұрын
@@chilbiyitoperhaps someday.
Just remember, it's only a crime if you lose.
@Eric..Cartman
11 ай бұрын
Losing is the only crime.
@najiv8797
11 ай бұрын
indeed.. US prove it.
Hello! I am native of Donetsk city and I want to make one point. On 8:42 it's not the explosion of TOS-1/1A/2. It is detonation of ammunition in the air - I know it, because I was in the house on the right side of the video at this moment (Yes, I live there and seeing this video again has triggered me). According to official Russian sources, it's an explosion of 155mm projectile (shell? idk how is it being written in English, sry) shot from Caesar french howtizer. Also, as far as I remeber, Russian army doesn't have shells which'll detonate in the air to cover larger area with shrapnel (for those, who'll say that Russian army is striking the cities under its control). It's not a propaganda or inciting national or political strife comment - only clarification of information from the video, please let's refrain from aggressive comments in any direction, regardless of political views. Thank you!
Correction: Neither the BLU-43 Daisy Cutter nor the GBU-83 Mother of All Bombs are thermobaric weapons. We have however fielded limited units of the CBU-55 and CBU-72 in Vietnam , a few hundred remaining CBU-72 in Desert Storm before partially retiring the idea in the 90's, put I think a one-off warhead into Tora Bora, and have specific variants of the Hellfire II missile and 40mm grenade with thermobaric charges. We also employed this Russian TOS system imported into Iraq in the second Battle of Fallujah against ISIS.
They have increased their range from 4km to 10 km recently, which made the difference as they can not be targeted by rockets anymore.
@atklm1
11 ай бұрын
Cannot be targeted by rockets? Even the old Soviet Grad-system rockets have over 50 km range. Or do you mean only shoulder-fired rockets?
@galimbertino4939
11 ай бұрын
@Rex yes, I mean those ones, as these are the more dangerous ones for tanks and artillery. The other ones, like canon and mrap, they need reconnaissance drones to spot them.
@atklm1
11 ай бұрын
@@galimbertino4939 Even though Israel hasn't yet given export licence for Spike-missiles to Ukraine, the newest variants of those have 25 km range. Even the ER II -version has 10 km range.
@leonardoorellano6652
11 ай бұрын
@@atklm1 they will never give the export license as russia is in syria.
@spartanrating8210
11 ай бұрын
@@atklm1 I don't think Israel wants to get into this! 1. Even though the president of Ukraine is a Jew, but in Israel they know who this Jew supports, they don't have very nice patches on their shoulders, for Israel. 2. this is Israel's vulnerability, Russia clearly sticks to neutrality in the Middle East, balancing both Iran, Turkey and Israel, it will not be good if Russia is forced to take sides. 25% of Israel's population is Russian-speaking, many of course from Ukraine, but still most of them are from Russia. All the players in the Middle East are neutral, they stay out of the Ukrainian swamp - good for everyone.
The first deployment of thermobaric weapons was during the siege of Sevastopol in WW2. The Germans dropped barrel bombs via Stuka dive bomber onto Soviet positions outside the city. The Soviets sent a strongly worded communication to German high command informing them that the Soviet Union would break out its stocks of poison gas if the Germans ever used those bombs again. The Germans decided that they did not want to be fighting in a toxic environment.
@Walterwaltraud
11 ай бұрын
Got any links of that?
@joachimgauckler8555
11 ай бұрын
No because "trust me Bro"
@FlorinSutu
11 ай бұрын
In Crimea in WWII, both at its conquest and during its defense, the Romanians were a notable involvement. My grandfather was in the 2nd Romanian Mountain Division. After ending its involvement in the conquest of Crimea, this division conquered Nalchik on its own, the furthest Axis advance on the Eastern Front. My grandfather told me a story resembling with yours: There was a big corn field with many Soviet soldiers hiding in it, some able bodied and ready to fight, other of them being wounded. An SS battalion used flame throwers and set ablaze all that corn field. Hours later, the Soviets transmitted through big loudspeakers that if this tactic will be ever used again, they will dump poisonous gas on the Axis positions.
@juslitor
11 ай бұрын
@@FlorinSutu Considering the degree of swinery the germans and russians cooked up for eachother, that sounds like an old wives tale.
@JeanLucCaptain
11 ай бұрын
ironcially if that is true the Nazis where actually more reasonable then the US is about such matters.
Tos-1a Solntsepyok. Buratino is the older model. It was called Buratino/Pinocchio, because of the tip of the rockets, the detonators.
I've liked and subscribed to this because as a news junkie this is the most informative source for this important topic presented in an interesting manner.
Russia has guided munitions for their mlrs systems and for the 6inch and 8inch howitzers The reason the TOS has such a short range is because it has far heavier warheads on a relatively small rocket, this allows big boom while being easily transportable and cheap. The fact that the launcher is a tank allows it to get very close to the target with relatively low danger. This is a very smart type of system and there are multiple advantages. The system is also very simple to operate and can very easily be converter to a robot, you set it the target, it automatically uses GPS to drive to the fire position, it fires and then it returns. These advantages mean other armies might want to invest in such a weapon system in the future. It can also work on a naval version, on a big drone boat designed to strike before a landing operation, limiting any risk to your own soldiers and at the same time delivering multiple times the payload of a long range system.
@occamraiser
11 ай бұрын
Wow, so many armchair engineers today.
@agentc7020
11 ай бұрын
@@occamraiser They've got ideas going for them at least, you only have complaints.
@ladeao1552
11 ай бұрын
That's just what we need, drone tanks with thermobaric weapons.
@thedownunderverse
11 ай бұрын
@@ladeao1552 we aren’t too far away from coordinated drone armies and swarms. Its the new space race
@kameronjones7139
11 ай бұрын
It really doesn't matter that it is a tank because the ammunition is heavily exposed. There is no real advantage, which is why most armies don't do this. Long-range, light mlrs is the best way to invest
So basically this is a Max level katyusha.
@ladeao1552
11 ай бұрын
One they do maintenance on apparently. That's a radical new idea.
@therealgaben5527
11 ай бұрын
Can’t wait for them to be added to warthunder
@andreycham4797
11 ай бұрын
History repeats itself Nazy get destroyed again by Russians
@al1sa920
11 ай бұрын
No, descendents of Katyusha are BM-21 Grad and BM-27 Uragan
Congrats on your 1,000,000th subscriber, T&P! And if you're ever in doubt as to why you're so popular, just know your fans can tell not only do you do the research, but the footage you show is amazing! Keep it up, and you'll be more popular than Conan. ;-)
Well presented. Thanks for making this known.
There's tons of footage of the TOS-1 strafing treelines and trenches. Leaving behind burnt corpses. I saw one man literally blown out of the treeline. If this thing makes it to your position. You are done for.
@bubbajones6907
11 ай бұрын
Yep, no amount of digging in will save you from this.
@najiv8797
11 ай бұрын
@@bubbajones6907 digging your own grave indeed.
@spartanrating8210
11 ай бұрын
I also saw it last year in the spring, where a man flew into space. It was horrible...
@userAS456
11 ай бұрын
@@spartanrating8210that is powerful weapon, but that not scary like when some quiet drone drop RPG-7 grenade on shoulder in night 😮
@gloriascientiae7435
11 ай бұрын
@@userAS456 Oh yeah I think I saw that one too. SPLAATT horrible
Im wondering if thermobaric warheads could be used to clear areas with anti tank mines since their pressure is so high that they should be able to trigger those mines.
@holden5478
11 ай бұрын
That would be serious overkill.
@RedheadReff
11 ай бұрын
The current option the MICLIC just throws ropes of c4
@Red-238
11 ай бұрын
Yes there was a idea to create a thermobaric mine sweeper on m113 cassie by the United States
@probablyinconsistent4756
11 ай бұрын
This would not trigger magnetic mines
@chiefexxor5069
11 ай бұрын
Minefields are usually coverd by observer post that can call in precise artillery support on stuck tanks or mine clearing vehicles, a swift deployment of 2 of those that could clear 400x800m minefields to clear a path for an armoured batallion trying to get behind the defense line and attack from the rear might be worthwhile if they could trigger anti tank mines
Great report tks
Yeah, I would not want to be on the receiving end of those Thermobaric warheads. Nice report as always CC & DA
Every time this weapon system is mentioned, I always imagine the Russian commander saying something like: "Igor, get Buratino."
@birdman9860
11 ай бұрын
"Gerasimov, another Burrito order for the front"
So, shrapnel ripping your limbs off is somehow better than instant death from under/over-pressure?
@danielaramburo7648
11 ай бұрын
I know. It doesn’t make sense. Hollow point ammo that reduces danger to civilians in a fire fight is illegal but FMJ ammo that kills in a slower time, and can over penetrate (endangering non targeted civilians) is banned?
@Penigale
11 ай бұрын
Shrapnel vs. internally combusting your insides due to pressure.
@caesarsalad1170
11 ай бұрын
Hey, conventions and laws make war more civilized dontcha know?
@caesarsalad1170
11 ай бұрын
@@danielaramburo7648 FMJ is used because its much more effective against body armor than HPs.
@probablyinconsistent4756
11 ай бұрын
@@danielaramburo7648 the sheer fact you are trying to relate small arms ammo types to artillery and thermobaric weapons shows your opinion is not valid here.
The name of the latest variant of the TOS-1 "Solntsepiok" can be directly translated as Sun Burn, but the the more meaningful English translation should be something like Heat Waive.
If you think about that name, that classification, flamethrower, the rocket-sender is more a flame thrower than the thing I usual mean by flamethrower, the 'gun' hold, that projects a streaming lance of burning flame. The first one actually throws a fire on its target. The flame-gun is more a hose, that launches its jet from itself to the length of its range.
I was puzzled when I encountered the term "heavy flames thrower" systems in Russian reports of the conflict. I initially thought it was an error from the translater. But now I understand.
@alkazarjkdghjd
11 ай бұрын
Someone explained in another comment that it is due to the difference between Russian and English. I dont speak Russian but this would be something that probably could only be proprely explaning by someone who do.
@briankale5977
3 ай бұрын
The subtle difference of "flame, thrower" and the tool known as a "flamethrower." lol.
I think the best example of the stretching grey area of the definition of a military target is best defined by Iserali strikes in Gaza a few years ago(I think it was 2019?) Where they claimed to not have targeted civillian buildings and infrastructure with bomb strikes, but the militant's tunnels beneath them.
@1stCallipostle
11 ай бұрын
That's an Israel moment if ever I've heard
@sofronijelehorn9440
11 ай бұрын
Or Jamie O'Shea in Yugoslavia calling civilians "collateral damage"
@nipe2121
11 ай бұрын
Militants really knew what they were doing, right? Put weapons to places were civilians live. In western countries there are laws against that kind of actions, but what would terrorists care about civilians or suffering caused to them because of their actions. By the way, did you know that Soviets tought the tactic to Syrians during Yom Kippur War as Syrians were being overrun by IDF. PLO adapted that tactic as well as civilian casualties are very beneficial or should we say crucial to their cause.
@shmeckle666
11 ай бұрын
@@nipe2121 yes they do. god willing to those fighting the Israeli occupation. Can only hope we’d be as tenacious if we were in the Palestinians shoes fighting an decades long occupation. As American as apple pie.
@NewRSM1994
11 ай бұрын
@@nipe2121 Ahh now it makes sense that when the West goes to war they fist thing we target is the Civ. Infrastructure...
Those things would have one hell of a thermal profile, and they're big. Shouldn't be too hard to find them and document their use from thermal imaging.
13:46 "TOS-1A Solovepsky" - nailed it
Always remember: "It's not a war crime the first time."
@josephstalin839
11 ай бұрын
Actually it's only a war crime if you're the loser.
@paddington1670
11 ай бұрын
we also burned "witches" at the stake once upon a time.
@Turanic1
11 ай бұрын
So US dropped 2 nukes on Japan, one still counts as a war crime though 😅
@justprivate2333
11 ай бұрын
@@paddington1670 That's why you never let an amateur operate the bbq grill. They probably used ketchup as well. Ugh...
@SlinkyTWF
11 ай бұрын
Tell it to the judge.
Current American FAE munitions include the following: BLU-73 FAE I BLU-95 500 lb (230 kg) (FAE-II) BLU-96 2,000 lb (910 kg) (FAE-II) CBU-72 FAE I AGM-114 Hellfire missile XM1060 grenade SMAW-NE round for rocket launcher
@ts-xp2xn
11 ай бұрын
Ruski bots hard at work tryna deflect to the US in a video having nothing to do with US lol.
i think they are working on a version to further increase its range from 6.5kilometers to 9-10 kilometers which would probably decrease the warhead size a little bit but longer range is more desired now days so it wont be in tank or shoulder fired rocket range
@birdman9860
11 ай бұрын
Yes- TOS-2. On a truck chassis allegedly has been used in Ukraine
12:07 I didn't know Polish infantry served in Russian armed forces
Saying that the oxygen sucking effect adds to the destructive power is like saying that sound of the gunshot adds to the destruction of the bullet. The only upside of using oxygen from the air is that the weapon does not need to carry its oxidizer, but that means the weapon has to make a close to stoichiometric mix with air for the explosion. This is not very ideal because only about 20% of the air is oxygen, so the rest of the air would consume energy to heat up. That means that these explosion are cooler, and less powerful compared to using high efficiency oxidizers. (this creates a non-trivial trade-off) The vacuum is created by the explosion over-expanding (nothing to do with oxygen). Anything which can create lots of hot gas and cool it quickly can create a vacuum effect. The cooling is caused by the very fast expansion of the explosion. This weapon tend to heat up very large amount of air instead of just creating hot gas like more conventional explosives. This largely enhances the vacuum effect.
@huwhitecavebeast1972
11 ай бұрын
It's the vacuum it creates, and the ability to breathe. It is not remotely comparable to to a gunshot.
@najiv8797
11 ай бұрын
This kid comparing gunshots and vacuum bombs effect. 😱😂 You cant breath in the area of vaccum you dumbo.. there is no air(oxygen) to gasp because all of them has been exploded. Idk if it can explode your lungs also.
@koskok2965
11 ай бұрын
Thanks for the generous dose of engineering mythbusting. The amount of illiteracy amongst the media and various military tech pseudo-experts is absolutely cringe. Worst part being that they proliferate such nonsensical BS, which their audiences proceed to take as gospel.
@macpj12j
11 ай бұрын
you wrong in many points but i will say this . matter does not get destroyed for all we know oxygen will remain in air wheather you cool it or get it hot
@adamrak7560
11 ай бұрын
@@macpj12j I literally cannot understand what you mean in your comment.
"Flame thrower?" And I guess Willy Pete's are just "portable heaters"
@johanmetreus1268
11 ай бұрын
Shake'n'bake, baby!
There is no Confinements if you are at war. You use what you have to win except for nuclear weapons.
In an all out war, the rules go out the window if one side wants to win and doesn’t care, it’s as simple as that.
It's a scary one, seems like the kind of weapon that no trench can protect you from.
I can't believe that most people argue about which weapon is worse... Doing something atrocious is NOT OK just because someone else has done the same in the past!
@331SVTCobra
11 ай бұрын
The genesis of the weapon was described, along with the point that it doesn't violate any convention. The point is that it's a fearsome weapon. Another point is that Russia targets civilians with its fearsome weapon. It was only implied that Ukraine will win the war Putin started. :)
@Sinvx
11 ай бұрын
@@331SVTCobra Sources of this weapon being used against civilians please.
@interstellarsurfer
11 ай бұрын
@@AdamS-nd5hiBingo.
@lorenrogers9269
11 ай бұрын
Dead is dead.
@jeremyj5932
11 ай бұрын
Well it shows that Russia has no justification for the war when it’s supporters say: What about this what about that…
Nice information
There is a newest version - TOS-2 "Tosochka". It's combined launch platform and restocking vehicle. Looks more like a truck.
No rules in war, might makes right, the victor writes the history books
@josephkush1032
11 ай бұрын
Woe to the vanquished
@gaborb.2926
11 ай бұрын
Not necessarily too much brutality in the war and you will face a situation where peace and peaceful transition of power is impossible and you face generations of guerilla warfare, insurrection and revolt
@alfaromeo1819
11 ай бұрын
@@gaborb.2926Afghanistan,Iraq,Lybia?
@kereama5085
11 ай бұрын
It’s not about winning the war, it’s how you win the war that counts
@john-df7yg
11 ай бұрын
@@kereama5085 the world is always at war. Every micro organism, every plant and animal slowly evolving due to war.... An intellectual species wages war against itself to keep driving evolution
they turned katyushas into flamethrower tanks, that's like something straight out of red alert
FABs were deployed in naval/fleet operations during the cold war in both US and the Soviet navies. Nuclear DBs too, but idk much about the contemporary moment.
3:27 the voiceover is correct, referencing the ww2 Sevastopol siege, but the wiki cutout is from the Crimean war, not the ww2 Sevastopol siege. Probably the editor blamoed it together real quick just looking up "Sevastopol siege" and called it a day. In fact i notice theres alot of mistakes better or worse in ur vids. I respect editors immensely and yours do a great job on the aesthetics, but the information on the screen is just off at times.
Kudos to using the clip of Kurt Russell using a flamethrower, and from one of my favorite films!
Works great, rockets are a serious problem. Currently per target limit is about 3-4 rockets. If its got ammo its definitely a number one target on the battlefield. Will collapse your lungs in the trench if you get caught no problem.
Look up German weapon codenamed "Nebelwerfer" (smoke thrower). Giant revolver-type-rocket-launchers on artillery carriages were loaded with 8 short fat close range rockets. I've heard the first eight shots were class propane tanks and the last was white phosphorous. I imagine it was a rush job and that getting that perfect detonation was iffy.
If this is a war crime, any artillery is a war crime😂
@probablyinconsistent4756
11 ай бұрын
At least artillery is somewhat accurate and humane. Thermobarics are completely indiscriminate and liquify your insides. Ya they aren't even close. Don't talk about concepts you don't understand.
@shawn576
11 ай бұрын
Exactly. We're showing fake outrage over some Russian bomb while completely ignoring how horrific conventional artillery is.
@benudharmadhi4154
11 ай бұрын
@@probablyinconsistent4756 Geneva convention doesn't say therobaric is illegal, it uses against cvillans is illegal, same as killing of cvillans is war crime, are the fall into the bracket of conventional weapon yes, are they are nuclear, biological, chemical weapons no, usa uses its too so there's no point out anyone, cluster bombs are probhited, but still usa uses them, they didn't signed the treaty so the name calling should be stop, if anyone has rights to call the shots then it let be a independent body
@phantomknight7211
11 ай бұрын
@@probablyinconsistent4756 yeah like you understand, artilery is rerely more acurate or humane when firing hundreds of rounds into a position (which is commonly done) and if you are dead it doesnt realy mater if you insides turn into a smoothie or not because being hit by artilery shell wont leave insides to get liqufied. Some people relate the humanity of a weapon by how hard is for the user to clean the mess, not how much the person suffered, which is wrong.
@agentc7020
11 ай бұрын
@@probablyinconsistent4756 I don't think anyone hit by artillery thinks it's "humane"
Daisy cutter on tracks. I'm both scared and impressed at the same time.
A detail I do need to add is that the part about TOS-1As not being fitted with ERA is wrong. The vehicle is normally fitted with Kontakt-5 ERA. Oryxblog meanwhile lists 6 TOS-1As as having been confirmed destroyed damaged, or captured, of which Ukraine has captured 3. These have likely been stripped for parts to repair T-72s.
@deedeeramone34
11 ай бұрын
Oryx is a horrible source and is bought and paid for by Turkish intelligence
In WW2 the RAF used the 10 ton "Tallboy" bomb,against the Tirpitz and the Bielefeld viaduct,dropped by the Lancaster.
@robotnikkkk001
11 ай бұрын
.......I SLIGHTLY REMEMBER THAT AT END OF 2000'S RUSSIANS CREATED AND TESTED SO CALLED "FATHER OF ALL BOMBS" WHICH WAS THERMOBARIC EQUIVALENT OF 44 TONS OF TNT .....GOODNESS GRACIOUS THAT THEY DIDNT WENT COMPLETELY NUTS TO ALSO DEPLOY THEM
You put a wiki screenshot of the XIXth century Siege of Sebastopol, not the WWII battle one ;)
the contrast between the united states and russia is astounding. the united states focused on horrifying levels of precision while Russia went the "surely if i throw enough explosives at it, i'll hit it" approach
@myne00
11 ай бұрын
It's cheap to make dumb rockets and fill them with petroleum. You could do a crude version with some fireworks and diesel.
@mooooooooooomooooooooooomo6829
11 ай бұрын
Yeah love the Russian mindset and grindset
@deedeeramone34
11 ай бұрын
Have you ever read reports on the accuracy of American drone strikes? It’s pitiful.
@cspdx11
11 ай бұрын
We Americans were so precise in Iraq we never killed any civilians lol. This mindset in our country of our moral warfare is a joke
@TheNamesGlitch
11 ай бұрын
@@deedeeramone34 have you ever heard of the satan stabber, its literally a giant shinzu knife, so idk what you mean by pitiful XD.
MOAB uses Comp H6 filling. A conventional high explosive bomb. It is not a fuel air bomb. It is basically a giant block of H6 with a thin aluminum shell.
This content is Cappy at his best. This weapon was used in devastating effect during the latest Ukraine offensive and left so many KIA on the ground Ukraine couldn't retrieve the bodies and the carange and smell effected the Russian troops that officers asked command to use the platform sparingly.
You mean like depleted uranium tank rounds used extensively in Iraq?
@maotseovich1347
11 ай бұрын
@@caesarsalad1170 Yeah, when they hit things they only scatter dust that no civilian will ever notice that remains dangerous and toxic for years and makes its way into people's food and water...
@hedge68
11 ай бұрын
@@caesarsalad1170 what are you talking about 😆. Go and read up on what depleted uranium rounds do
for today, these systems have been created: a Sun (on a tank course) and a Board (on a wheeled course) with a doubled firing range
Seen one get hit by a cluster bomb the other day on utube and it didn’t even leave a scratch on it as it went to continue firing
Fuel air explosives depend upon calm weather conditions so their not that effective in open areas. Also the Marine Corp. smaw has a thermo baric warhead as does the Hellfire missile. Good for clearing structures as the explosion will clear rooms that aren't directly hit by the weapon. Napalm can also deplete rooms of oxygen.
Center part of Bakhmut? Nah they captured ALL of Bakhmut
@la-zrider2749
11 ай бұрын
They are still coping with it.
@stevenldoe7838
11 ай бұрын
Over 100 thousand dead orcs to take a ruin. Ukraine just started probing attacks with countoffensive and already taken 1.4 kilometers in 1 day
@reload.8056
11 ай бұрын
Its called Artemovsk now 😅
@1stCallipostle
11 ай бұрын
Is it really capturing something if there's basically nothing left? That's like shooting someone in the head and calling it a kidnapping because you're still in possession of the body
@reload.8056
11 ай бұрын
@@1stCallipostle its about the Denazification/demilitarization of the Ukraine military. Just like you said 🤣 there is nothing left, no more Ukrainian Bandera boys there left to grind down in that city. Mission complete, to the next city..
Russia actually also has termobaric bombs. Russian name for them is "volumetric detonating aviation bombs", in russian "объёмно детонирующие авиационные бомбы" or "ОДАБ"
@kansasscout4322
11 ай бұрын
We have them too
@al1sa920
11 ай бұрын
@@kansasscout4322 why do you have them, they're not precise and they turn cities into rubble. It's for the "russian way of war", not for you lol
Super informative, ty such a niche weapon and makes sense as to why its so. Crazy to think this was a Post-cold war weapon!
It just made me smile, the way you pronounced "solncepek" ))))
Alternate title. Russia’s TOS-1 Buratino needs to chill out.
@crazyproducts76
11 ай бұрын
Turns everything to Burritos instantly 🤢
@interstellarsurfer
11 ай бұрын
Chilling over here while 🔥🔥🔥 over there. 😎
The TOS-1M has 30 launch tubes and the TOS-1A 24. I have yet to see the 1M version, so most have only 24 rockets. I doubt the 1M is still in use, due to the shorter range. The weapon system shown at 7:03 is a BM-21 btw, not a TOS ;-)
@al1sa920
11 ай бұрын
Unfortunately TOS-2 "Tosochka" wasn't ready for this conflict
I am certain that if a was in an entrenched position, and the enemy told me that they would use this weapon on me, I would retreat or surrender.......what a nightmare!
I liked the way how you called the second edition of this TOS, Solovetsky. Real lol. The real name is Solntsepjek which is more like burning sunshine.
Incendiary Weapons were not banned by the Geneva or Hague conventions. Russia never signed any agreement to stop using incendiaries. Calling this a war crime on wheels is ill informed propaganda.
@johanmetreus1268
11 ай бұрын
Russia did however signed the Geneva- and Hague conventions, prohibiting attacks on civilians. It's not the weapon, its how it is being used.
@adude8424
11 ай бұрын
@@johanmetreus1268 flamethrower goes burn burn
@barnabuskorrum4004
11 ай бұрын
The west has to west....
@hobofromsoho
11 ай бұрын
Well his channel is biased towards west 🙄
@hobofromsoho
11 ай бұрын
@@johanmetreus1268 bro, all these silly organizations like UN, Geneva have fancy names but they have no global impact what do ever... never did.
The new generation of the Brotherhood's Flame Tank looks lethal
@XRioteerXBoyX
11 ай бұрын
Which brotherhood would that be ?
@orderoftheyawgmoth
11 ай бұрын
@@XRioteerXBoyX Brotherhood of Nod
@XRioteerXBoyX
11 ай бұрын
@@orderoftheyawgmoth Kane will be pleased with your answer, you have passed the initiation. Go forth Brother, spread the word. The rise of the brotherhood will happen once again. This time, the GDI forces will be dealt with once and for all. All hail Kane!
Hey - about your sponsor that makes those super cool mini gun replicas. They should make some kind of figurines that would use those guns. It's like so much attention to detail and such beautiful art but noone to use them. You can't just put them on your desk. You need like a figurine soldier or whatever to hold it :D
I'm kinda curious about what would happen if a .50 BMG or .416 were to strike the warhead carrier while loaded.
@Barbaroossa
11 ай бұрын
I though the same thing. The S-300s launcher containers for instance are unarmored against small arms fire and can be pierced by 7.62x54mmR ball ammo.
@raycearcher5794
11 ай бұрын
I mean, I wouldn't want to be stuck in an armored gun carriage directly under a huge crate of jet fuel as it cooks off.
@mr.andrew8001
11 ай бұрын
I'm not an expert, of course, but most likely nothing will happen. Just a shell will be ruined, or do you think that when a bullet hits the gas tank, the car explodes? That's a great idea for Michael Bay, though.
@johndoe7270
11 ай бұрын
@@mr.andrew8001 Incendiary rounds plus aerosol go boom! That would be crazy if it cooked one off, it would chain the others and that turret would melt into slag!
@johndoe7270
11 ай бұрын
@@Barbaroossa 54R is a powerful round.
Remember that the US don´t flatten cities with thermobaric weapons, but usual high explosive weapons and that the people that were asphyxiated, torn to shreds and burnt to a crisp by US thermobaric weapons can rest in peace because these weapons were much more precise than the Russian ones.
@ployter94
11 ай бұрын
But but but the US did it too!- Soviet sympathizer
@PramurtoMukhopadhyay
11 ай бұрын
Hiroshima and Nagasaki say hi.
@xc43t
11 ай бұрын
US only uses freedom bombs and their actions can never be considered brutal or barbaric. Shame on you for doubting our goodness.
@nobodyspecial4702
11 ай бұрын
@@PramurtoMukhopadhyay Every other city in Japan says "good job, you saved 60 million lives at the expense of 200k." Ignorance is bliss for the ignorant but annoying as hell to the educated who have to listen to them.
@firasajoury7813
11 ай бұрын
@@nobodyspecial4702 stfu already
I love how you have to specify GOAT guns are "NON-FIRING" every time you mentioned them by name. It reminds me of labels on appliances that are practically screaming to people "DON'T LET YOUR CHILDREN PLAY IN THIS". Some idiot really fucked up one time and did a lawsuit and now everyone gets to see a warning label as a monument to their stupidity.
@jake4194
11 ай бұрын
It's because KZread demonitizes channels for showing guns. Which is retarded.
If you just look at the energy stored in typical explosives and oil, oil has easily an order of magnitude higher specific energy, so it is not just the missing oxidizer.
There is an important difference between fuel-air and thermobaric munitions. The first are two-stage (dispersion and initiation charge) whereas the second are one-stage and metallized. Thermobaric metalized are mostly solid-state (though not all) whereas fuel-air are liquid volatile explosive. It looks like Russian TOS-1 is fuel-air, not thermobaric.
WE use thermobarics
To add on anti fort purpose, vacuum thermob rockets ignite in a chain reaction the available oxygen inside a structures everybody not killed or blown up violent heat and expanding gasses from ignition thats continuesly happening WILL suffocate during the aftermath
13:51 😂😂😂 Solovetsky. Thank you, you made me laugh.
13:50 The name "Солнцепёк" [ˌsɒncəˈpɜ:k] means something like "scorching sun weather" or "under the burning sun". I didn't find equivalent of this word in English, but it seems to me very distinctive in Russian for this type of vehicle.
Legality only matters if you lose.
15:30 Aleppo - 30,000 deaths from destruction of 31,000 buildings? Was it evacuated already? Thanks for this documentary. It just shows how appalling war is. If ordinary people had any control over this, they would be banned. And countries would have nothing to invade other countries with.
@asavelakuse6865
11 ай бұрын
That never stopped people in the past.
@W_Bin
11 ай бұрын
@@asavelakuse6865 It has never been done in the past. The people have never been consulted or voted on it.
@asavelakuse6865
11 ай бұрын
@@W_Bin I'm talking about invading countries.
@W_Bin
11 ай бұрын
@@mikes989 Like many people I didn't know about these places. Ukraine has made them more famous. But more importantly it has made ordinary people like me look at the horror of the people and the weapons used. And at the lies like 30,000 buildings destroyed and less than 1 human per building killed. That is why I asked, were the buildings empty?
@andreycham4797
11 ай бұрын
@@W_Bin you do not know about those places because they were wiped out by those who told you that Russians killed 30 000 in Aleppo
Thanks!
Cool. Love the smell thermobaric weapons!