Wow, those cave drawings are amazing. Like, not "for their time" amazing but actually amazing. They could've been drawn today and I'd still be impressed.

@Neenerella333

2 жыл бұрын

Have you seen Werner Herzog's Cave of Dreams? It's an in depth movie about them. Beautiful.

@omaracbabazer9112

2 жыл бұрын

To think that the artist journeyed to the heart of a pitch black cave just to paint. It is honestly amazing how they did it.

@shankhadeepshome3982

2 жыл бұрын

@@Neenerella333 yes, and it's actually more of an animation then a drawing, if you see it with fire the horses look like they are moving. It's a masterpiece.

@xyzpdq1122

2 жыл бұрын

@@shankhadeepshome3982 whaaaa? Amazing

@jcarey568

2 жыл бұрын

Me, too. Apparently, Picasso was impressed by them as well.

Those cave paintings are gorgeous. Transcends time itself.

@TheRukisama

2 жыл бұрын

Yes! I was blown away by how beautiful and realistic they are, most I've seen are, while still beautiful, much more stylized.

@Lishadra

2 жыл бұрын

The cave lion really spoke to me. The outline of its skull, the curve under the eye, all the dots where the whiskers were… The artist clearly spent a *lot* of time looking at them. And I’m glad they did because now we have an accurate account of how they looked!

@watchman835

2 жыл бұрын

That guy was a genius.

This is science: facts are challenged and changed to fit new evidences, not the other way around. Kudos to PBS Eons for acknowledging their previous video about the horses' origins and how that's being challenged by new evidences found in such a short span of time since its publication. 👏👏👏

@myparceltape1169

2 жыл бұрын

It's well worth your time to read that 2021 paper and just before. It also spawned a few KZread videos. In them you can read about how it is not necessary to put a bit in a horse's mouth by people who learned to ride as children and several opinions from different points of interest.

@renlysotherlover294

2 жыл бұрын

I think this is what is so hard for people who choose to believe in faith primarily. To them the facts are unchanging and forever so to deal with something that is ever changing based on new evidence is a challenging concept for them to accept so they discredit it.

@blank1778

2 жыл бұрын

Tell that to the people who tried to dismiss the fact the COVID was a lab leak and a year later was proved wrong

@gammamaster1894

2 жыл бұрын

Facts don’t change, theories do

@solar0wind

2 жыл бұрын

@@blank1778 _Nothing_ has been proven about the origin of covid as of now. I just had this debate with family members, so I looked at the scientific literature, and there is a huge controversy going on between scientists who don't think the lab hypothesis is true and scientists who think the hypothesis is _possible_ . (So as you can see there's no censorship or this prominent debate couldn't happen.) I haven't seen one scientist who got published in a reputable journal who said that the lab leak is _definitely_ true. That's the big difference between you and scientifically literate people. You speak in absolutes and pretend like the evidence is definite, while the real scientists are honest and say that it could be, but that it isn't definite. So both dismissing the lab leak hypothesis and saying it's 100% true is (with the current evidence as of winter 2022!) incredibly dumb.

I wonder if little girls thousands of years ago went through that phase where they love horses. Almost every girl I've ever met had a period between age 5 to 10 where they wanted a pony.

@Kabup2

2 жыл бұрын

I don't believe they had cartoons that time :)

@swimdownx6365

2 жыл бұрын

Only Fauci gets to say when the science changes everything else is missinformation

@hicknopunk

2 жыл бұрын

Yes, a gentle, powerful meet exactly a little girls best friend.

@sidilicious11

2 жыл бұрын

Or never grew out of it.🐴🙂

@davidsalazar13

2 жыл бұрын

@@swimdownx6365 that’s literally not even the topic of this video. Also, Fauci is a dog abuser. I wouldn’t trust any of his findings.

I'm personally wondering what Stone Age Steve-O told his buddies "hey, watch this" and inadvertently changed human-equine relations forever.

@LTWeezie

2 жыл бұрын

LOL Brilliant! 🤣😂 I have to really laugh because Steve-O grew up here in Albuquerque! I have to admit, I really laugh like crazy at all their stunts. Bet they have huge medical insurance bills!

@melhawk6284

Жыл бұрын

Yep. Probably started with the Stone Age Steve O having a soft heart, after screwing up a hunt and taking a nursing mare by mistake. Then keeping the little bugger around for a couple years. Then winding up getting ALL hammered one fine evening....

@kamion53

10 ай бұрын

Nahhh, was probably the daughter of a Stone Age Steve-O who wanted to have a pony. And Stone Age Steve-O got out to get one for his little princess.

Fascinating! It's hard to overstate how important horses have been to human civilization.🐎🐎🐎

@swimdownx6365

2 жыл бұрын

Why didn't insects evolve better breathing systems

@huldu

2 жыл бұрын

And cows. It's easy to forget that one random person when we started domesticated horses, they would insist on cows being the future. There is always that one person fighting against everyone else. I AM JUST JOKING. I can feel their ghost haunting me...

@procrastinator99

2 жыл бұрын

For the vast majority of human history, the fastest form of long distance communication was a person on a horse.

@saltysax

2 жыл бұрын

@@swimdownx6365 Didn't need to. they work just fine for an insects life.

@ram-lj9kz

2 жыл бұрын

@@swimdownx6365 what is your point?

thank you for being willing to acknowledge statements that have since been disproven from your previous videos, it really increases respect for and trust in this channel :)

@PabloSanchez-qu6ib

2 жыл бұрын

Except all those fools, like creationists carping about how you can't trust science because it changes.

@Xapheus

2 жыл бұрын

@R D He talks about how this channel previously reported that the origin of domesticated horses was a place in Kazakhstan, but more has been learned since that was thought. 2:53 Start of the statement 3:03 Reference to earlier episodes

@binoodle511

2 жыл бұрын

@R D I think you may be the one that needs to take a critical thinking class. You don't seem to understand what this person is saying. Make sure to calm down and read the comment properly next time

@PineappleOnPizza69

9 ай бұрын

​@@PabloSanchez-qu6ibmainly christians

5:00 - This is exactly the location and time of the Yamnaya culture which is a good candidate as the homeland of the Proto-Indo-European language. Domesticating horses may have given them an immense agricultural and military advantage that allowed their descendants to spread across Europe and Central Asia.

@michaeljosefjackson

2 жыл бұрын

Exactly what I thought about 👍

@hyoneeyed9450

2 жыл бұрын

horses are probably why indo europeans conquered europe and south asia in such a short period of time - they had tanks. they also were probably horse-milk-drinking freaks

@ThursonJames

2 жыл бұрын

Sintashta Culture

@Ellestra

2 жыл бұрын

Yes, they were also obsessed with horses and chariots so they obviously understood the importance

@thibistharkuk2929

2 жыл бұрын

@@hyoneeyed9450 From what I read, I understood that the idea of an invasion isn't quite accurate. It was more like a mass migration which varied in violence or in peace.

I haven't finished the video yet but I just wanted to thank the team at PBS Eons for their work captioning the videos they release. It's very, very helpful for us hard of hearing folks. Don't forget that there's more than just the deaf that benefit greatly from CC.

@stuarthenry7716

2 жыл бұрын

Couldn’t agree more. I have hearing loss from loud concerts and time in the military so it’s the primary reason. However it also allows me to watch w/o disturbing my parter while they sleep and be a considerate neighbor due to paper thin apartment walls.

@Lys1998

2 жыл бұрын

I've got adhd and difficulties focusing. Using sound and caption at once helps me understand what I'm hearing better :)

@rokingfrost8446

2 жыл бұрын

help me alot since english is not my mother tongue with some scientific terms keep it up

@acslater017

2 жыл бұрын

Helps me since I’m watching this on mute, in bed at 4:00 AM

@RadeticDaniel

2 жыл бұрын

@@stuarthenry7716 wish I had neighbours like you xD Over here I usually take the subtitles to managed to follow up regardless of sound polution from street traffic and neighbours.

Interesting theory I've heard is that the mobility gained from horses is what allowed the Proto-Indo-European culture to spread. Thus leading to the giant widespread language family we have today.

@THandP_org

Жыл бұрын

Have you read any of Gayle Highpine's research, using linguistics to elucidate when/where genocides were a part of war?

Imagine some early human going "hey ya'll watch this" and rode by on the food.

@krankarvolund7771

2 жыл бұрын

They probably could not ride the first horses though, they were the size of a poney, and probably had a fragile spine ^^ There's a reason why most ancient cultures used chariots instead of riders ;)

@Kag001

2 жыл бұрын

Probably after indulging in multiple fermented beverages.

@WickedWildlife

2 жыл бұрын

I present to you.... bull riding! 😂

@a5cent

3 ай бұрын

Fnirglwatz! Stop playing with your food!

Whoever made these paintings was a true artist. No art classes. Just pure raw talent and in my opinion right up there with the greats. Just beautiful and thought provoking.

As both a long-term fan of your channel, and a Jockey where my career is riding and working with these beautiful animals, this video made my absolute day! They really have been with us for some of the most important milestones in human history, our lives would be so different today if not for the horse!

@TragoudistrosMPH

2 жыл бұрын

Don't forget about all the empires and cultures that didn't have horses :) They are impressive though!

@TragoudistrosMPH

2 жыл бұрын

@R D horses

@istvansipos9940

2 жыл бұрын

when talking about engines, we would use the term "donkey power"

First thought after seeing the title: "Foals are friends, not food."

@righthandstep5

2 жыл бұрын

Ha! Finding Nemo reference.

So, if understood correctly, horses were domesticated around 2200 BC which means that Ancient Egypt was going about their business for a thousand years before they were introduced to this revolutionary new technology that changed everything?

@benghazi4216

2 жыл бұрын

It took quite a while for the horses to actually change everything. You needed war horses, not small ponies. That's why chariots were the game back then, not cavalry. And even for the chariots, it took hundreds of years before you actually saw chariot warfare, and not just the use of them as transport to the battle site. Another fascinating "Egypt is old" fact is Mammoths were walking on this planet when they built the pyramids.

@DM-ql6ps

2 жыл бұрын

Yup. Horses weren't introduced into Egypt until around 1500 BC. Donkeys and cattle were the main draft animals, even after horses were introduced they were primarily only used by the wealthy.

@Foolish188

2 жыл бұрын

The Egyptians were conquered by a chariot using people, I believed called the Hyksos. After Egypt freed themselves, they kept the horses and chariots, and the Pharaohs loved having carvings of themselves in chariots made. Kinda like the shirtless Putin on horseback.

@luisgaldao

2 жыл бұрын

That's amazing.

@morewi

2 жыл бұрын

Yeah that was known for a while. The sumerians made fun of people that rode horses calling them rubes and barbaric

5:00 Very striking to see that the spread of modern domesticated horses seems to fit exactly with the period linguists have long given for the breakup and diffusion of the Indo-European language family (where the rule of thumb has always been ‘5000-7000 years ago’). This specific region identified has long been one of the leading candidates for the Indo-European ‘homeland’, and it is clear that Indo-European had several words relating to horses and their domesticated uses, more or less uniquely amongst other languages reconstructed to that date. This feels like highly suggestive independent confirmation from a different discipline of the leading theory of the Indo-European homeland and timeline.

There is a herd of P-horses in SE Ohio at The Wilds along with Persian Onagers and Grevy's Zebras. The Zebras generally stay towards the center of the pastures, but the P-horses come right up to the bushes and trams. They have learned that the vehicles' air conditioning systems help blow the flies off of them.

@justsomecryptidwithinterne9873

2 жыл бұрын

There are feral colony's of zebras in Ohio?

@Lexivor

2 жыл бұрын

@@justsomecryptidwithinterne9873 The Wilds is a 10,000 acre conservation center associated with the Columbus Zoo. Not sure if that qualifies these zebra as being feral.

@cutecats532

2 жыл бұрын

@@Lexivor horses hang out with Zebras in Ohio?

@user-mr4nz3ow5g

7 ай бұрын

When stabled, we oftentimes put fans on the horses in the summer. Anyone who doesn’t is just ignorant.

You, and apparently David Attenborough as well, happen to be pronouncing Przewalski surprisingly well for a native English speaker. Except I can't really hear the P at its beginning. But otherwise you're doing a very good job. It's funny that the "-rzewal- part sounds very similar to the French "cheval", which means horse.

@Kamila_Koziol

2 жыл бұрын

Same here, I was just about to write for him not to worry about the pornunciation. But it could use more plosive "p" at the beginning, but otherwise nice.

One of the big issues we forget to think about with lacking archeological/paleontological evidence is that of civilization/property. You can’t dig up fossils if there’s an urban sprawl in the way…I wonder how much data we miss simply by existing literally above the past.

@OneEpicGamer1

2 жыл бұрын

Luckily lots of those fossils/evidence is found as during construction surveys have to be made. This is often how various ship wreckages are found in coastal cities

@MrTaxiRob

2 жыл бұрын

Alexandria is constantly dealing with this, and Mexico City to a lesser extent

@JustinMShaw

2 жыл бұрын

That's a bit of a two-edged sword. In many areas if there's going to be new construction then there must be a survey first to make sure they don't cover valuable findings. But if it's development that precedes those policies or in areas without that requirement then knowledge gets buried deeper and lost to us.

@annabeinglazy5580

2 жыл бұрын

That actually becomes relavant in Europe all the time, and i suppose in any urbanized Part of the Planet. I live near Cologne and they constant dig Up ancient Bronze age stuff when they want to do any Kind of construction Work. Near the river they dig Up ancient ... Well... Dumps. But thats where we find the best Roman and germanic glass Work. Spanning centuries. In London, the First Thing you tend to dig Up is... Cemetaries. Cuz it's so frigging huge that every single Spot has been used as a cemetary AT LEAST once. Quite often you even find ones from different centuries on top of each other.

@user-ed9qu5im2y

2 жыл бұрын

On the other hand construction and land development have uncovered many fossils (and archeological sites) that might have never been excavated for budget or environmental reasons, or simply because people would have never thought to look. I guess you gain some, you lose some.

I really appreciate that your channel updates us when the science is updated.

You have no idea how disappointed I was when I learned the spelling of Przewalski only to be told, "We call them P-horses; don't write the full name down."

@martijn9568

2 жыл бұрын

Still a great word for scrabble

@Ellestra

2 жыл бұрын

You can still impress a Polish person by putting the 'z' and 'w' in the right places

As Polish, I can say - your Przewalski's pronunciation is excellent! :)

@zainmudassir2964

Жыл бұрын

Beautiful country Poland and culture

Love this episode. Just finished reading “The Horse, The Wheel and Language” by David Anthony. Amazing!

@johngavin1175

2 жыл бұрын

I'm reading it myself,almost to the end. Very in depth and awesome.

Of course we are still enchanted with horses - they're magical! As a person who's been "horse crazy" her whole life (really: we have a photo of me at 6 months old being held in a saddle!) - this video was FANTASTIC! Incredible that the science has made such leaps in a relatively short period of time - and wonderful that you guys were able to bring us the new information and explain so clearly just why and how these VERY determined scientists managed to discover it!

Horses were an intricate part of the development and expansion of indo European languages, cultures, and pre-christian spirituality throughout Eurasia. They allowed the indo European tribes to revolutionize nomadic life along with the wheel and the cart. They were absolutely essential to the way of life and death of the ancestors of all modern native European nations. Usually PBS makes a point to give a shout out to the indigenous cultures impacted by the topic of the video. Since they didn't this time, I figured it was appropriate to post interesting facts about the concerned associated cultural history.

@tompatterson1548

2 жыл бұрын

This

@TheAkwarium

2 жыл бұрын

it's interesting because the first Polish language dictionary (published in 1746) described a horse like this "Horse: Everyone knows what a horse is."

2:05 Attenborough will indeed always have the final word with anything animal-related!

@skaldlouiscyphre2453

2 жыл бұрын

Unless science marches on.

this channel is the absolute epitome of my life

@swimdownx6365

2 жыл бұрын

How come insects didn't evolve better breathing systems and Fauci gets to say when the science changes everything else is missinformation

@matheussanthiago9685

2 жыл бұрын

@@swimdownx6365 wha?

Its amazing that horse domestication is younger than the Great Pyramids.

@THandP_org

Жыл бұрын

Not necessarily. It's simply that the horses that remain domesticated today, descended from *that* specific line of domestication. There are fossil records that indicate potential domestication, or at least symbiotic living arrangements, much further back in history. The current DNA analysis indicates that current horses all survived out of this specific area.... Hypothesis for why vary greatly, and the various hypotheses expose the biases held by various groups. What we absolutely know is that there used to be a much wider genetic variety of horses than we have today (explained most often by parallel evolution). We do not have fossil records for the past 5,000 years showing the other genetic variations of equus. Today, we have domestic horses that are all believed to be descendants from this specific area in Russia, based on modern genetics.

@tyronevaldez-kruger5313

7 ай бұрын

Wild horses were enslaved and helped building the pyramids though

I owned horses when I was younger and was fascinated with how they came about. I read so many books. Horses are an amazing animal. Smart and compassionate as well. I spent many days with just my beautiful, funny and loving Miss-T who was half Arabian and half Quarter Horse. I also became an artist because of my love of drawing them at the beginnig. I so miss those days! Thank you for all the new info on these great creatures that really helped mankind in moving forward.

0:20 I had no idea cave art got that detailed. Those are some really good horse drawings.

@mikshinee87

2 жыл бұрын

You owe it to yourself to watch "Cave of forgotten dreams" by Werner Herzog. Our ancestors were no dummies, they had the same brain size as we do today. It's just that most of the world was new to them.

As to that region in Ukraine / Russia / Kazakhstan, it was likely the Proto-Indo-European homeland, and the people there spread out with their horses and PIE dialects. So we know what they called their horses: ek’wos.

@search895

2 жыл бұрын

I thought ekwos were space tribal bears.

Cave art is so wonderful!!

I have had horses my whole life and never knew this. Thank you!

Fun fact : the location of the ancestors of modern horse, which might be Pontic steppe, was also a birthplace of Proto-Indo-European language, which descended into many languages between Portugal and India.

This is awesome! Maybe a video on the domestication of camels?

@LolUGotBusted

2 жыл бұрын

Camels in general, really. Did you know they were an arctic genus?

@matthewwelsh294

2 жыл бұрын

@@LolUGotBusted They did a video on camels in North America I think

@clippedwings225

2 жыл бұрын

@@LolUGotBusted I do remember a video where they mentioned a camel found far up north.

@juanjoyaborja.3054

2 жыл бұрын

@@LolUGotBusted There was a video on those arctic camels, done on this channel.

Thanks so much for continuing to update us on new findings/research being released. It really helps us casuals stay informed :)

"They were harvesting them, from the wild, for food." A very tactful way of saying it haha.

@Andreas_42

2 жыл бұрын

Today they are bred for food. At least in Switzerland, where you will find horsemeat in many supermarkets/grocery stores. It's still a cultural thing which animals are considered to be edible and allowed to eat.

@mikshinee87

2 жыл бұрын

@@Andreas_42 Or Italy. Both countries consider themselves to be super sophisticated BTW.

@oldsarj

2 жыл бұрын

Several traditional draft breeds would have become extinct except for their use as meat animals. Draft horses are my favorite but I've never eaten one and am not sure that I would.

@kamion53

10 ай бұрын

@@Andreas_42 It is also a relict of a social thing; horse meat was for ages poor mans meat at the time there were as much horses in the city as people drawing cars, couches and omnibusses.... and dying in the city too. When I was a student I got tipped for cheap steak and that turned out to be at the last horsebutcher in the city.

No kidding they nailed that depiction. I never knew these horses existed before now, and had always snickered at the funny stunted horse cave drawings. Just, wow. And they did this with like charcoal and such.

@tsm688

2 жыл бұрын

Charcoal and umber are things artists still use now

@gl15col

2 жыл бұрын

And with only the light of torches made of rushes or branches. A really incredible achievement.

@J2982able

2 жыл бұрын

@@tsm688 True, but we have like, lights and erasers lolol. These boys had some sticks that didn't burn all the way xD

Thank you guys for continuously making new videos. I have really bad insomnia and have to do something that's engaging enough to keep my mind from wandering but not so engaging(after I've watched each video three times to get the excitement down) that I stay up and watch it. These are absolutely perfect! I've watched every video many times and each time I memorize a little bit more. I'm so thankful to have come across this channel.

Wow!!! The best horse history video I have seen!!! Great job and the DNA/gene graphics were well illustrated and tell the story. Loved Blake's narration. "What was I talking about?"

5:59 Interesting, this theory fit with the theory of the proto-indo-european people expansion, who started to spread around 4000 bc and they were from between the Don and Volga

@MatthewChenault

2 жыл бұрын

This also fits in with the archaeological evidence from the Near East, which suggests that the introduction of the horse and chariot came from the Mitanni and Hittites. Both groups have Indo-Aryan/Indo-European names and languages, suggesting that both groups came from the same region where the horse was domesticated.

@Kabup2

2 жыл бұрын

Makes sense, the first people to use horses to war, should dominate the others.

@Julsran

2 жыл бұрын

According to the video, modern horses developed around 4000 years ago. That would make it 2000 bc not 4000 bc. I think the video guy errored with his statements.

@TragoudistrosMPH

2 жыл бұрын

@@MatthewChenault Mitanni is Afro-Asiatic (Semetic), not Indo-Aryan.

@MatthewChenault

2 жыл бұрын

@@TragoudistrosMPH, the name of their kings were Indo-Aryan and the gods they worshipped also had Indo-Aryan names, suggesting a connection between the Mitanni and the Indo-Aryan group that would later come to inhabit India. This also makes sense considering that the Hittites - their northern rival - came from the Indo-European linguistic group. More likely than not, they would have come from Central Asia, nearby where the horse was first domesticated, and moved southward into the Near East. This is backed up by the fact that the Mitanni were _superb_ horsemen and excellent charioteers, which would make sense if they were Indo-Aryan.

Incredible content, I wish there were more documentaries like this. Horses and dogs must be the top 2 domestic species that have changed human history.

I remember reading this article when it came out. You guys did a good job contextualizing and describing it, as always!

They're beautiful creatures!

@Neversa

2 жыл бұрын

And delicious too tbh

@Jan-mu6vs

2 жыл бұрын

Beautiful sausages

@swimdownx6365

2 жыл бұрын

Why didn't insects evolve better breathing systems

@jacobhoover1654

2 жыл бұрын

@@swimdownx6365 although they are not insects, some spiders can breathe underwater & scorpions can go without breathing underwater for up to 8 hours.

@bozomori2287

2 жыл бұрын

@@jacobhoover1654 focus on the insects. Because you know if they start to breath better then they will get bigger and challenge humans strongly.

I always watch all your videos twice. There's a lot of information I don't want to miss.

“Around 2000 BC horses originating in the Russian steppe spread all over eurasia and became the dominant kind of horse” Me: “ohhhhh so it was the indo-europeans”

@marcduquesne2876

2 жыл бұрын

I wonder if it was the result of breeding for better warhorses, or a lucky mutation they found and exploited to ride out of the steppes and replace the human and equine genomes

@mg4361

2 жыл бұрын

@@marcduquesne2876 I can imagine it started off the way modern Siberian nomads harvest raindeer where the deer are semi-wild and followed by humans. The humans follow the herd and kill and eat some but protect the rest from other predators. Some of the foals were probably taken care of by humans, perhaps even as pets or favorite animals. Eventually, one foal was born, that was particularly ok with people and somebody came to the idea of putting stuff on its back to help out during the constant move to follow the herd. Then the selection for a more docile horse with a stronger back started.

@benghazi4216

2 жыл бұрын

@@marcduquesne2876 They didn't ride out, at least into battle, since the horses found outside the step after the domestication were the same small Przewalski look alikes. But they did genocide their way to other places yes, aided by the horse to move their culture much more effectively than walking. Think of it like the first chariots. It took quite a while until warfare was done from them, and not just a transport to the battle for the most effluent warriors. Heck in Britain they used them in this way all the way to the Roman invasion. The first horses were used in the same way.

@TransSappho

2 жыл бұрын

@@benghazi4216 the way I understood it, it wasn’t exactly a genocide, rather they toppled leadership and established their languages as lingua francae, since afaik there’s no such thing as an ethnic indo-European

@sillyquiet

2 жыл бұрын

@@marcduquesne2876 a lot of archeologists think it's precisely that. As in the the Sintashta Culture and their daughter cultures that bred these horse for their invention the chariot. Chariots and the horses bred to pull them became popular and spread very quickly every where from Africa to East Asia. Fun fact - the Sintashta culture is the most likely 'ancestral' culture of the peoples that moved into south Asia and spoke Sanskrit - their cultural practices were written down in the Rig Veda.

It’s impressive how good some of them were as artists considering what they had to work with and work on

Eons is hands down my favorite KZread channel. So good -- EVERY TIME!!

Amazing episode. Will you do a separate one on the donestication of donkey? At first I thought you might mention them as well in this episode but I see that you didn't.

They are friend and food especially in Japan

@galgar5660

2 жыл бұрын

In Italy too 😂

@Neversa

2 жыл бұрын

In Kazakhstan it's staple food, an integral part of cuisine, one of main types of meat in life of an average Kazakh. We even have pizzas and burgers with horse meat. Horses for Kazakh horse meat are grown specifically for that reason. You will never eat the horse you ride on.

@zapallo566

2 жыл бұрын

Here in chile too

@giovannia.casula2542

2 жыл бұрын

@@mathildeperez-huet1760 most of Italy's horse meat come from Argentina iirc

@gl15col

2 жыл бұрын

@@mathildeperez-huet1760 There is legislation pending to stop export of horse meat from the US. About damn time too. My personal opinion, don't need anybody elses comments thanks.

OMG, the "What was I talking about?" killed me. It caught me so off guard. hahahahahahah

great to see you guys active!

I'm truly curious how artimina ( brine shrimp), fairy shrimp, and the little triops evolved. These little guys inhabit brine pools, and freshwater pools in deserts that completely dry up. The only reason they 'rise from the dead' is because their eggs are designed to go through diapause, basically hibernating until conditions are perfect for them to hatch, grow, and reproduce. In some cases this happens in as little as a week or two!

Something about this week’s video was just so beautiful. Maybe it’s horses themselves. Very touching

@swimdownx6365

2 жыл бұрын

Only Fauci gets to say when the science changes . Everything's else is missinformation

Eons is so dang awesome. Way to talk about how the science is amended over time as our methods improve! Such a great example!

Horses are gorgeous, wonderful animals. Thanks for this video and the interesting information on them! And those cave paintings are marvelous!

Fascinating episode! I am wondering, if the spread of modern horses is connected to the spread of indo-germanic languages. Their roots are also assumed in a similar part of Russia. Would love to see that in an episode (-;

What I find amazing is how horses were only just beginning to be breed 4000 year ago. By then, we were about half-way through the bronze age when horses were just beginning to be breed.

Coming back to this channel after some time... this channl is truly larger than life

I love that this channel comes back with updates on what they've said before

They *are* still food on several parts throughout the world and cultures though

@Neversa

2 жыл бұрын

Yep, their meat is good and tasty. Can prove that.

@thedoruk6324

2 жыл бұрын

@Leo the Anglo-Filipino Also mongolia east russia or siberia even canada

@mauryhan

2 жыл бұрын

I've eaten horse in France. It isn't widely eaten, but it is found in many markets and butcher shops.

@thedoruk6324

2 жыл бұрын

@Leo the Anglo-Filipino indeed and as you can see on previous comment it is known in france and canada too

@DiMacky24

2 жыл бұрын

Horse is also a popular meat in Central America, especially Belize, as the horses handle the heat better than cows.

I’d heard P-horses have evidence of having been through a process of genetic funnelling characteristic of species that have been domesticated. They don’t have the genetic diversity of a truly wild species and are technically feral, but have been so for many millennia.

@rhaufler

2 жыл бұрын

It's interesting that they might have been partially or fully domesticated. Maybe the people who had modern horses waged war on the keepers of the Przewalski horses and wiped them out and there is only a small number of them left. It's also possible that the poor genetic diversity could just be because there are only a small number of them left and are fairly isolated so they might have suffered some significant inbreeding. It will be interesting to see what archeologists can dig up next about them :)

@johnhoney5089

2 жыл бұрын

Depends. Cheetahs also have an extremely low genetic diversity, but are very much wild. Surprisingly enough, humans too have a low genetic diversity. A hypothesis links this event to be the eruption of a supervolcano, Mt. Toba.

@rhaufler

2 жыл бұрын

@@johnhoney5089 cheetahs were exactly what I was thinking about, too! Their genetic diversity is terrible because of population loss and inbreeding, not domestication. Interesting fact about human genetic diversity - it's only low outside of Africa, probably because non-Subsaharan African people descended from only a few groups of people that ventured out of Africa. You'd find more genetic diversity if you sampled a few people across different regions of Africa than if you sampled non-African people from far-flung areas of the world, which is mind-boggling. That's why it is so important for people of African heritage to become bone marrow donors - it is much more difficult to find a match for people who have certain genes related to immunity in western countries because there are numerous genetic groups that simply didn't exist outside of Africa in significant quantities until very recently. It's much easier to find matches for the handful of groups that non-Africans possess than the dozens that are present in different African peoples and their descendants.

@tyronevaldez-kruger5313

7 ай бұрын

​@@rhaufler You couldn't be more wrong. Subsaharan Africans are the racially most diverse people on earth. Some of the first humans ventured out of Africa but some stayed and mix up on site to this day. They mix up the longest and have a lot of diversity.

I think people have always been fascinated by horses. They are powerful, fast, and graceful. They just feel like freedom.

That "...What was i talking about?" Absorbently charming and hilarious. 👍

I like to imagine people domesticated all types of animals for work and transportation, then some horse people rode up and were like why are you riding a cow?

@ekaluraw4376

2 жыл бұрын

That would be funny! I mean, some humans rode elephants or camels, so it's not so far-fetched. But nothing beats a horse as a mount, they are faster and probably more comfortable tham camels, and safer than elephants

This was great. Now do other domesticated animals that were integrated early like this, such as dogs, goats, sheep, and cows

All branches of living organisms are fascinating but I find the paleontology of plants, birds and mammals particularly fascinating. Keep it up.

I would find it incredibly helpful if you put a map up of how the continents were positioned in each of your episodes unless they are arranged as we expect today. Thank you. Love this channel.

This channel has made me pass my science SAT

I know that my Arabian horses can trace their lineage back to the Bedouins who keep impeccable records on ALL their horses. I cannot imagine living without horses. I love them all, and have spent my life with them, but for me, Arabians are absolutely special! Greetings to all from the Land of Enchantment...and horses! 🤠🐴🐎❤

@Neversa

2 жыл бұрын

I hope you don't mind coming to Kazakhstan to try a horse burger or a horse pizza

@Jan-mu6vs

2 жыл бұрын

Most horses stem from a few arabians

@bobcranberries5853

2 жыл бұрын

@@Neversa i’d prefer my horses in a bottle of glue but I would be willing to try the burger.

@LTWeezie

2 жыл бұрын

@@Neversa No as a matter of fact, I do not eat my friends and family members--even the four-legged ones. I love my veggies. My diet is actually like my horses! My favorite is rice and noodles with vegetables, and veggie-patties with french fries! When travelling outside the USA, I have no trouble at all finding no meat food. Many thousands of years ago was one thing, but nowadays, there are plenty of other choices out there. My favorite pizza is just a little sauce, cheese, pineapple, and almonds. ""Hawaiian" Pizza LOL When I eat my pizza out by my horses, they all want some...and of course, they get a taste! 🍟🍕🥦🥡

@Kabup2

2 жыл бұрын

@@LTWeezie You can feed a lion with veggies all his life, but the moment he tastes meat, goodbye diet.

My man Blake is back!! 🙌🏼🐴

This has to be one of the most wholesome channels on KZread

Do have issues with the from food part. Nomadic people would eat what was available even horses as an easily available protein source. Found horse on the menu on a Japanese mall a couple of years back.

@swimdownx6365

2 жыл бұрын

Why didn't insects evolve better breathing systems

@usernamesta3334

2 жыл бұрын

@@swimdownx6365 what ?

@OakenTome

2 жыл бұрын

@@swimdownx6365 Because they don’t need to. They already dominate their niches.

@tsm688

2 жыл бұрын

@@swimdownx6365 They'd need better circulatory systems first. Their simple bodies are a strength and weakness

@johnjosephcapolino1650

2 жыл бұрын

@@swimdownx6365 ok

I guess Europe didn't get the memo on this change.

@krankarvolund7771

2 жыл бұрын

Nah it's just anglo-saxons that are weird, I've heard you don't even eat rabbit XD

@tsm688

2 жыл бұрын

@@krankarvolund7771 I think it's mostly North America that has such reduced meat options. Even lamb is unusual here. I think over-industrialization has made beef, chicken, and pork so much cheaper than anything else, anything else has become a specialty product

Thank you for making these beautiful videos. Maybe best content on-line today!

In Sweden it is still common to eat smoked and salted horse meat on sandwiches. You can find it in any convenience store here right next to the ham.

Horses, food or friends? France: Why not both?

I've been wondering something. I've asked a few fellow biologist friends and have done some research, but haven't found much. Why is it that "flat," or horizontal tails are only possessed by marine mammals (and evolved twice!) but lateral fluked tails are much more common (marine reptiles multiple times and fish). Are there horizontal tailed fish? Is it regarding the spine function of reptiles vs mammals like I suspect? and what does this have to do with pinnipeds' one day maybe being not tied to the land? I look forward to a possible video answering my questions, thaaanks!

@search895

2 жыл бұрын

I saw something about it i don't remember when. It has to do with how quadrupede mammals run. If you see any mammal galloping, for example dogs or cheetas, they flex the spine up and down. So when mammals started to swim they just did the same for propelling. That's what seals or otters do as well, and also the thing we can do: we can swim mimicking the dolphing movement using our feet (with or without artificial fins) as proppelers, but we can not do the same side to side.

Hi from Italy. Great job! Would you please give a bibliography for this episode? Thanks and continue like this that's one of the best channels of the tube!

Please do an episode on pumas and how they nearly went extinct during the ice age, and re-expanded into old territory after

Well, in Europe and Asia they are still food

@groverrogers6916

2 жыл бұрын

...and burger king

@andreroy6320

2 жыл бұрын

Some part of Canada too (Mainly French Canada).

@Neversa

2 жыл бұрын

Kazakhstan even has pizzas and burgers with horse meat.

@benghazi4216

2 жыл бұрын

But anyone in the world can just walk into Ikea and buy moose meat, and it's possible you get horse meat instead ^^

❤️ love your channel

Incredible video. As always.

I watch these videos not just for the information but also because somehow these calm my mind

Amazing episode as always but my slavic self cried each time I heard the pronounciation of Przewalski's 🤣

@rhaufler

2 жыл бұрын

Could you tell us how it supposed to be pronounced? I remember trying to make sense of the word as a child: "Prez-walski? Purr-zah-walski? uh..." followed by me slurring letters together and hoping for the best 😂

Everyone talks about the dog being “man’s best friend,” but it is the horse that is man’s greatest companion. It is what elevated man from merely being hunter-gatherers into conquerors, explorers, and empire-builders.

@virginiahansen320

2 жыл бұрын

I don't know, the Olmec, Maya and the Aztec probably would have differed with that. Remember, the Americas probably didn't have horses after about 10,000 years ago, when they went extinct after people ate them all. Admittedly there is some evidence that suggests some smaller isolated populations MAY have survived as late as Columbian contact, but they were never as widespread and central to civilization in the Americas as they were in the Old World. Dogs, on the other hand, were.

@swimdownx6365

2 жыл бұрын

Why didn't insects evolve better breathing systems

@christosvoskresye

2 жыл бұрын

Dogs have been with us longer and are actually more versatile. But if you want to play that game, I'll see your horse and raise you the elephant: bigger, stronger, much more intelligent, a fearsome component of empire-building in the ancient world, and still in occasional use as a draft animal.

@rizkyadiyanto7922

2 жыл бұрын

@@swimdownx6365 its good enough.

@MatthewChenault

2 жыл бұрын

@@christosvoskresye, the elephant is alright, but it’s not fast at breeding (18-22 months vs. 11-12 months for a horse), is highly territorial compared to horses, and requires a far larger amount of food to maintain than the horse. Their size is about as much a hindrance as it is a benefit, since it makes it harder for them to negotiate tighter spaces and requires more space for them to live comfortably. There’s also the issue of them being even more easily spooked and temperamental than horses, which would often make them a liability in many situations. The classical example would be how startled they were in combat situations. They could, and did, end up going out-of-control, especially when sufficiently spooked, and run back into their own, friendly lines; causing significant destruction to their allies in the process. They were useful in the environments they existed within, but lacked the versatility of the horse and could easily be a detriment than they were a benefit.

Well, to be fair in many parts of the world they are still food. Here in Italy, for example, in some regions it is still very common to eat horse meat.

Bro. You are such an inspiration to me. Zero bravado, zero macho behaviour, but still commanding respect as a man.

Well now I need to learn more about early human and horse history

Horse tacos are the best.

I absolutely enjoyed this video!

Awesome Show , Thank You !!!

Horses, galloping in the countryside. I wish that I had one to ride.

Horses are a staple food in nomadic steppe nations like in Kazakhstan. Very delicious at that.

@Ellestra

2 жыл бұрын

There are a lot of places where horse meat is eaten from Japan and Indonesia to Italy and Iceland

This reminded me of Webster's speech in Band of Brothers.It is fascinating how much we still depended on horses even in the industrial age.

What a lovely chapter!

I love dogs, but horses have always given me shivers since I was a small child. It might have something to do with my ancestry that includes Eurasian horse archers. Sometime I want to pick up a compound bow and ride a horse on the open steppes. Probably just some ancestral memories....

Please make a video about the evolution of the brain. From the bundle of specialized nerves to the complexity of the human brain.

@Dragrath1

2 жыл бұрын

Probably would need to start with the nerve nets of cnidarians and primitive early bilaterian offshoots as the roles and functions of neurons and how they are organized in various animal groups get quite complex. Even nerve nets are surprisingly complex as I remember reading a paper discussing the roles of neurons in controlling tissue growth and differentiation within hydras. Plus there seems to be a general ancient association between neurons and immunology too which appears to become important when it comes to various neurological diseases in humans

This is really great! It's incredible that the original and only truly wild horses may be the same horses shown in the Great cave paintings. I hope that something can be done to assure that they don't become extinct.

Never thought about this. Great topic!