How Does LIGHT Carry Data? - Fiber Optics Explained

Ғылым және технология

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How do fiber-optic communications work?
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Пікірлер: 1 400

  • @betterinbooks
    @betterinbooks4 жыл бұрын

    This is actually how fiber optics carry light rather than how light carry data.

  • @michaelrichter2528

    @michaelrichter2528

    4 жыл бұрын

    true

  • @davidvalentin4128

    @davidvalentin4128

    4 жыл бұрын

    Wait a minute... Your right!

  • @weamhaleemi4984

    @weamhaleemi4984

    4 жыл бұрын

    yeah that sucks

  • @IrchaMan

    @IrchaMan

    4 жыл бұрын

    It's ones and zeroes, just like conventional copper wires. Instead of elecricity going on and off, it's light going on and off :)

  • @BigTopicschannel

    @BigTopicschannel

    4 жыл бұрын

    information is on and off combined with time multiplied by 1000 000 'sss

  • @scellyyt
    @scellyyt4 жыл бұрын

    "minecraft redstone doesn't relate to reality at all" well now I have an objection

  • @jonathanquarles3708

    @jonathanquarles3708

    4 жыл бұрын

    I was looking for this comment, wasn't disappointed

  • @Burtannia

    @Burtannia

    4 жыл бұрын

    First year of my computer science degree we learnt about logic gates. That's literally redstone. Fun experiment for you, go on minecraft and make a NAND gate. This is a gate which has 2 inputs and 1 output. The output should always be ON unless BOTH of the inputs are on in which case the output should be off. The cool thing about NAND gates is that you can use them to make all other logic gates. Try to make the following gates out of just NAND gates (either building them manually or copy and paste using worldedit): NOT - 1 input signal, output is on when input is off and off when input is on AND - 2 inputs, output is only on when both inputs are on OR - 2 inputs, output is on when either of the inputs are on XOR - 2 inputs, output is on when either of the inputs are on BUT off if both inputs are on You can keep building these up to create memory chips, processors and then a fully functioning computer! If you want to look further into it (outside of minecraft) then take a look a the website called nandtotetris.

  • @darwintruong4161

    @darwintruong4161

    4 жыл бұрын

    All those Redstone creators back in 2014 well they work for NASA. What have you been doing.

  • @GewelReal

    @GewelReal

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@Burtannia or just dissasemble NAND to NOT and AND

  • @uss_04

    @uss_04

    4 жыл бұрын

    Like Redstone, if you spill a bucket of water on your redstone circuits you’re going to have a bad day.

  • @uss_04
    @uss_044 жыл бұрын

    I tried absorbing data directly through Light mode and now my Retinas are scorched. #NoFilter

  • @Vicvines

    @Vicvines

    4 жыл бұрын

    You need to RMA your retinas. Don't tell Asus how you scorched them. Say you don't know how it happened otherwise they may deny the RMA

  • @flameshana9

    @flameshana9

    4 жыл бұрын

    This is why everyone wants Dark Mode.

  • @kodakomp

    @kodakomp

    4 жыл бұрын

    Learn from trump only during the solar eclipse!

  • @Medabee8

    @Medabee8

    4 жыл бұрын

    *node

  • @pawala7

    @pawala7

    4 жыл бұрын

    The human ability to absorb data using light... also known as "reading".

  • @morgan1168
    @morgan11684 жыл бұрын

    But Linus, I thought you only stuck RGB lighting up there.

  • @backlogbuddies

    @backlogbuddies

    4 жыл бұрын

    It finds the cancer faster

  • @anvthema1925

    @anvthema1925

    4 жыл бұрын

    Backlog Buddies and Game Highlighter ???

  • @backlogbuddies

    @backlogbuddies

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@anvthema1925 a joke about how rgb makes you preform faster

  • @triparadox.c

    @triparadox.c

    4 жыл бұрын

    Wait... wait for 2021: RGB fiber optics

  • @Spydy3000

    @Spydy3000

    4 жыл бұрын

    "White" light is RGB

  • @user-bc7cb8uu7e
    @user-bc7cb8uu7e3 жыл бұрын

    I used to work on fiber optic equipment (wrote the software, but still had to know a good amount about the hardware). The way light carries data can be much more complicated than just flipping the light on and off. The transponder I worked on used 16QAM modulation sending the data in a combination of the amplitude and phase of the light, allowing for 4 bit symbols (any one reading from the fiber provides 4 bits). We transmitted at 200 gigabits per second (per slot within the ROADM network).

  • @Disc0nect0r

    @Disc0nect0r

    2 жыл бұрын

    Same here still do, is amazing what you can multiplex it's basically the same principle just alot higher frequencies 194.1thz for example

  • @jdwdfw

    @jdwdfw

    5 ай бұрын

    Soon I hope we figure out how to match the visible and invisible spectrums with computer characters instead of just using one's and zeros Why continue to communicate through Morse Code when we (the devices and connections they use) can say so much more in the same amount of time Not a great comparison but think about how much better video chat is instead of just getting a page on your pager 📟 Now to factor in smell, touch, and taste ... ⚡📻📲📴🚫📶💡🚥

  • @element1192
    @element11924 жыл бұрын

    0:40 could you have possibly picked a creepier picture of a hallway?

  • @RealityCheck6T9

    @RealityCheck6T9

    3 жыл бұрын

    and therefore one you would really want a torch

  • @leggo0
    @leggo04 жыл бұрын

    As an EE, I’m super impressed with how well this was explained!

  • @jello9079

    @jello9079

    2 жыл бұрын

    E_ Engineer? What’s the other e?

  • @BichaelStevens

    @BichaelStevens

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@jello9079 electrical

  • @jello9079

    @jello9079

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@BichaelStevens Ah thanks

  • @delayedcreator4783

    @delayedcreator4783

    2 жыл бұрын

    But didn't explain what the title said 😶

  • @lef7i916

    @lef7i916

    Жыл бұрын

    Eclectic entity?

  • @nightowl9512
    @nightowl95124 жыл бұрын

    As a high school physics teacher, I never knew about the repeaters and amplifiers. Instead, I always told my students about the wonders of eternally efficient fiber cables. Turns out air-resistance can't be neglected after all eh?

  • @Arslan2591

    @Arslan2591

    2 жыл бұрын

    It's not air resistance, it's the dispersion of light at the molecular level. Repeaters/Amplifiers also need the power to operate, so copper wires are also needed to power all the amplifiers attached to the fiber cable. The big bundle of wires in that fat cable laid in the ocean contains amplifiers and copper cables to power those amplifiers as well.

  • @anything_idc_

    @anything_idc_

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@Arslan2591 I was beginning to wonder how those amplifiers and repeaters got power and I also wonder what happens if 1 of them short out or something how would maintenance deal with it?

  • @Arslan2591

    @Arslan2591

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@anything_idc_ Redundancy and failsafe methods are the first things that are in the minds of engineers who lay out such big projects. Copper wires are used to power up the amplifiers/repeaters on the way.

  • @anything_idc_

    @anything_idc_

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@Arslan2591 nothing is fail safe. You can go as far as you can go to prevent anything from breaking but there is always the unknown. So it sounds like a simple process easier than running telephone poles

  • @sakatababa

    @sakatababa

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@Arslan2591 but dispersion is an effect of air resistance. what do you think resistance means? if you place a mesh in front of a fan you are creating flow resistance and dispersing the air. same thing with electromagnetic waves. put any molecules in front of it and it creates resistance. you and that physics teacher stun me. understanding this sh*t is not about learning facts or names it is about understanding concepts.

  • @philipcooper8297
    @philipcooper82974 жыл бұрын

    If you ever built a tree fort, .... secret message using a flash light... Kids today: U wot m8?!

  • @Luis-325

    @Luis-325

    4 жыл бұрын

    Yeah I'm pretty good at building forts in Fortnite. The last the my enemies see is the flash from my muzzle.

  • @RyanMakesStuffOccasionally

    @RyanMakesStuffOccasionally

    4 жыл бұрын

    Whats a tree?

  • @idontwantaname9750

    @idontwantaname9750

    4 жыл бұрын

    Watch out! There's a boomer!

  • @meflea3675

    @meflea3675

    4 жыл бұрын

    OK boomer

  • @moseskarunia

    @moseskarunia

    4 жыл бұрын

    they don't even know what a real flash light looks like. all they ever see is the one behind their phones.

  • @AnAverageJho
    @AnAverageJho4 жыл бұрын

    Optical fibres that carry useful information over long distances are usually single-mode C-Band Telecom fibers. The "C-Band" refers to an optical window where Rayleigh scattering (the effect that makes the sky blue) and glass absorption meet to create minimal absorption of telecom wavelength (around 1550nm).

  • @bob-yo1tl

    @bob-yo1tl

    2 жыл бұрын

    or 1310nm

  • @AnAverageJho

    @AnAverageJho

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@bob-yo1tl 1310nm is the O-band, which is the first and least efficient of the telecom bands. They use noisier Pr amps instead of the Er amps used for the C-band.

  • @ulpnationll2953

    @ulpnationll2953

    11 ай бұрын

    ​@@AnAverageJho So it says that it shows 100% of total internal reflection but how are we able to see the the light travelling through it when the fibre is alone( like in some images on Google). If we are able to see the light travelling that means some light is escaping from inside it

  • @ulpnationll2953

    @ulpnationll2953

    11 ай бұрын

    ​@@AnAverageJho And yah one more thing that all the light rays in the optical fibre strikes on an angle greater than critical angle ? If yes how is it possible that no ray of light is scattering less than the critical angle? Is it because of geometric structure or the way we are striking the light

  • @AnAverageJho

    @AnAverageJho

    11 ай бұрын

    @@ulpnationll2953 There are so many things to cover with what you're saying that I have neither the time nor the crayons to explain it. Efficient fibers, called Ultra Low Loss Fibers, have 0.15 dB/km of loss only for one specific wavelength because of their core size compared to their cladding size (9um/125um) and because of the difference of refractive angle between the two. If you don't couple light properly into the fiber, you get more losses because of total internal reflection, yes. Same if you bend the fiber too much. Fibers work because of the difference in refractive index between the core and cladding. Fibers that work efficiently don't use visible light.

  • @edtheoldtechguy
    @edtheoldtechguy4 жыл бұрын

    I am a IT consultants that became a network and fiber optic engineer and have been in the trade for many moons. Linus you should have mentioned the difference between single mode and multimode as their limitations are different. This is a very entertaining way to explain how light travels through a fiber but not necessarily how data travels or how its converted to light, we missed packets, frames, and labels, you also forgot to mention the vacuum in the fiber strands which allows for light to travel further. Nothing on attenuation or operation at 1310nm or 1550nm. Next you glanced over wavelengths possibly due to time but Wave division multiplexing that grew into DWDM and its advances to go from 1Gbps and 10Gbps to 40, 100, 400Gbps are the reason global bandwidth has grown. Then 0 layer switching, it is what allows for light to be switched on demand without physical intervention. You could spend half an hour on that alone, Dont even start on ROADM's LOL. Also the chemical reaction discussed in helping light travel further only works with certain types of fiber strands, the rest need a physical regeneration point closer, converting light to electrical then back to light again, about every 80 or so kilometers. The physics of light energy at the output level disburses or degrades at this length, even in a vacuum or in a perfect reflective environment. So all major telecoms depending on the type of fiber whether Corning Leaf 0 dispersion have to plan their repeaters carefully. You never mentioned ITU standards like G.651 or 652. Again possibly due to time. It's actually a hodgepodge of network cable out there all working differently at different lengths of regeneration points. The advances in Switches and Routers has allowed for full use of these hodgepodge networks. By the way I have been a loyal fan for years now, and this subject should not be a tech quickie but I will say this was an admirable go at it, and a very good explanation. I know veterans in the field that could not explain it to a customer as simple and as graceful as you did. As I recently became a KZread creater I know how hard this is. Props to you and your staff Linus!

  • @sliwka621

    @sliwka621

    2 жыл бұрын

    The channel is called Techquickie for a reason.

  • @edtheoldtechguy

    @edtheoldtechguy

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@sliwka621 I am sure Linus would appreciate you trying to help him. Unfortunately, the differences between single-mode and multimode are so simple they can be summarised in a single sentence or a few sentences if you want more context, is that not quick enough?

  • @sliwka621

    @sliwka621

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@edtheoldtechguy That's true but I got the feeling that he was talking more about long distance transmissions and for that we only use SM. There are some not so smart clients who want MM lines kilometers long but they are very few in between.

  • @edtheoldtechguy

    @edtheoldtechguy

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@sliwka621 Linus began the discussion with what fiber was. A sentence or 2 differentiating MM and SM and how they both conquer long distances, would have been stellar. Then adding the limitation of LED-based light vs Laser and why SM is used for greater distances would have clinched it for me. By the way, multimode is used in metro areas to tie buildings together so while it makes no sense as a interstate communications medium, it is used many times in dark fiber loops that connect buildings like hospitals together. Not my suggested way but it is the cheapest. MM does achieve great distances when compared to copper. So by skipping it I think the tech quickie lacked. Linus is not a network WAN engineer yet I complimented him on his effort and even told him that many veterans could not done as well.

  • @bradenboyko
    @bradenboyko4 жыл бұрын

    Redstone repeater: hold my beer

  • @brewergamer
    @brewergamer2 жыл бұрын

    Ahh this took me back to when I was a telecommunications technician. I genuinely enjoyed learning about how the internet was created. I do miss it alot.

  • @MuitoDaora
    @MuitoDaora4 жыл бұрын

    "Look at light at molecular level". Oh no!

  • @fqidz

    @fqidz

    3 жыл бұрын

    what

  • @nobitanobi3475

    @nobitanobi3475

    3 жыл бұрын

    as a wave or particle then ?

  • @user-mn2gt4ct3l

    @user-mn2gt4ct3l

    3 жыл бұрын

    that doesn't make sense

  • @prismaticfalcon

    @prismaticfalcon

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@nobitanobi3475 hmmm, I wonder

  • @alves6465

    @alves6465

    2 жыл бұрын

    So, do you need light to see light on a moleclar level?

  • @seruputhirudan2546
    @seruputhirudan25464 жыл бұрын

    Why do I learn more in KZread than in my school.. ....?

  • @kentoscocos5238

    @kentoscocos5238

    4 жыл бұрын

    because curriculum need hella time to adapt,while us,the youths,just use internet, neighborhood,and many more

  • @yohanwang6518

    @yohanwang6518

    4 жыл бұрын

    This is actually taught in AP Physics II. We work out how to solve for when total internal refraction happens.

  • @seruputhirudan2546

    @seruputhirudan2546

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@yohanwang6518 ?????

  • @Videohead-eq5cy

    @Videohead-eq5cy

    4 жыл бұрын

    If you didn't learn total internal reflection in your school you're going to a shit school

  • @seruputhirudan2546

    @seruputhirudan2546

    4 жыл бұрын

    Well that's good to hear..

  • @uniqhnd23
    @uniqhnd234 жыл бұрын

    It's amazing how accurately you've portrayed this information in such a short and simple manner

  • @NtvBulgaria
    @NtvBulgaria4 жыл бұрын

    Now I know what inspired redstone in Minecraft. :D

  • @azarilh2355

    @azarilh2355

    4 жыл бұрын

    I think it's just a coincidence, Notch pulled in Minecraft a lot of irrealistic stuff, like azure diamonds to say one.

  • @xehP

    @xehP

    4 жыл бұрын

    Azarilh you think it’s a coincidence? It was intentional, redstone is just Minecraft equivalent of electricity.

  • @azarilh2355

    @azarilh2355

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@xehP "Equivalent" I studied this stuff at school, it's not "equivalent" at all, it's just similiar.

  • @--Paws--

    @--Paws--

    4 жыл бұрын

    Redstone is more like gunpowder and when its used, it carries a charge. It also sounds more like electrical engineering than fiber optics. What it makes it sound like redstone is because Linus just mentioned repeaters.

  • @xehP

    @xehP

    4 жыл бұрын

    Azarilh wow you have education? Damn, I’m really jealous... it’s the equivalent. You sure you studied electrical engineering? Assuming that’s what you’re referring too.

  • @EastyyBlogspot
    @EastyyBlogspot4 жыл бұрын

    I had a endoscope and a colonoscopy and i was afraid they would meet in the middle

  • @KeanoMUFC1

    @KeanoMUFC1

    4 жыл бұрын

    where is the middle

  • @bradhaines3142

    @bradhaines3142

    4 жыл бұрын

    somewhere between the intestines and stomach

  • @2ndAveScents

    @2ndAveScents

    4 жыл бұрын

    I always wondered why the other one wasn't called an endoscopy

  • @Charlesb88

    @Charlesb88

    4 жыл бұрын

    I always assumed the endoscope was the scope the doc shoved up your Endo.

  • @blueeyedbaer

    @blueeyedbaer

    4 жыл бұрын

    Endoscopy is a general term for an examination where an endoscope is used. It can be esophagogastroduodenoscopy for the upper digestive tract, colonoscopy for the lower intestines, cystoscopy for the bladder, laryngoscopy for larynx, rhinoscopy for nose, bronchoscopy for the airways and some other endoscopies for other organs.

  • @Charlesb88
    @Charlesb884 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for shedding some light on this technology.😄

  • @kichigan1
    @kichigan12 жыл бұрын

    The simplest, mos informative explanation I've heard so far. Thanks.

  • @Fools_Requiem
    @Fools_Requiem4 жыл бұрын

    When he said treehouse and transmitting messages, I thought he was going to go the cups on a string route, not morse code..

  • @danstrikker6465

    @danstrikker6465

    4 жыл бұрын

    Same

  • @CLabmusic
    @CLabmusic4 жыл бұрын

    Linus's annual physical is not the image I wanted in my head this morning

  • @keevanorosco3069
    @keevanorosco30694 жыл бұрын

    Job Recruiter: what are your qualifications? me: i watch Techquickie Job Recruiter: you're hired!

  • @andromedahavice9478

    @andromedahavice9478

    4 жыл бұрын

    No joke, this basically happened to me. I watched a lot of Linus Tech Tips videos and then ended up getting a job at a PC shop based on my knowledge gained through these videos

  • @jerrystuarts9917

    @jerrystuarts9917

    4 жыл бұрын

    Linus media group: "great news, guys! We are hiring again"

  • @kentoscocos5238

    @kentoscocos5238

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@jerrystuarts9917 Linus HQ : " so...tell me how do yo know about technology?" that guy: "uhh,by watching your videos?" Linus HQ: " welcome to Linus group!. here's your papers and we expect you to came tomorrow. speaking of going to work,we recommend you using uber. with 20% off by using code hiredatlinus"

  • @prich0382
    @prich03824 жыл бұрын

    Also good to note about how light entering at different angles which limits the bandwidth possible as pulses have to be timed so no signal that is meant to arrive later instead arrives too soon

  • @Firefly56sminecraft
    @Firefly56sminecraft4 жыл бұрын

    THAT was a good segway at the end. Good job Linus!

  • @thefitnerd9796
    @thefitnerd97964 жыл бұрын

    Dude this was a super informative video! Keep up the good work!

  • @kenyandweeb7998
    @kenyandweeb79984 жыл бұрын

    0:42 I expected a jumpscare there *sigh*

  • @albert328

    @albert328

    4 жыл бұрын

    I was so ready to ALT+F4 at that time....

  • @kenyandweeb7998

    @kenyandweeb7998

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@albert328 haha

  • @Shark-kawaii104

    @Shark-kawaii104

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@albert328 that is creepy as fuck

  • @WarriorsPhoto
    @WarriorsPhoto4 жыл бұрын

    I didn't know about the differences in the glass layers. I knew there were many layers of glass. Thank you Linus.

  • @Laner7
    @Laner73 жыл бұрын

    0:44 “too dim to *MaKe OuT*” Pfft like that stops anyone

  • @Master_Therion
    @Master_Therion4 жыл бұрын

    Over long enough distances the signal weakens? Is that because fiber optic cables are always eating light? That must be why they're so thin.

  • @bradhaines3142

    @bradhaines3142

    4 жыл бұрын

    new diet!

  • @ShinAkuma

    @ShinAkuma

    4 жыл бұрын

    The phenomenon is called TOTAL internal reflection but in actuality it's ALMOST TOTAL internal reflection. Some portion just passes through the glass. That's why the fiber cable itself appears to glow throughout it's length, if there was TIR, light would only appear at the end.

  • @Stalka42

    @Stalka42

    4 жыл бұрын

    15 blocks then you need to place a repeater

  • @feynstein1004

    @feynstein1004

    4 жыл бұрын

    HA! 😊

  • @XnoobSpeakable

    @XnoobSpeakable

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@Stalka42 amplifier

  • @manthanrao2685
    @manthanrao26854 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the revision Linus, my gces are coming up!

  • @thantie1
    @thantie14 жыл бұрын

    actually a great question, i have wonderd this a lot of times. Thanks for awnsering this question for me

  • @koogs96
    @koogs964 жыл бұрын

    Multiple light waves can be sent through one fiber and at amplification points the light gets separated into the individual waves amplified beyond the necessary strength then subsequently reduced in strength to a more precise signal strength at which point the individual waves are then re combined or multiplexed and sent back through the fiber on the other side.... some of these systems are fully reversible others are directional depending on its function.... this gives us the capability of pushing over 400gb/s over a single fiber run

  • @carxeco
    @carxeco4 жыл бұрын

    Feels I’m 16 and back in my a levels physics lesson

  • @nameless191

    @nameless191

    3 жыл бұрын

    i am 14 and currently watching this instead of my as level physics

  • @paulfong90
    @paulfong904 жыл бұрын

    Another LTT video used for my GCSE Physics lesson, cheers guys!

  • @TomKenyon1878
    @TomKenyon18784 жыл бұрын

    I’ve been installing fibre for around 2 years now. it can be very challenging at times but I love it

  • @xfire114
    @xfire1144 жыл бұрын

    Can we all just take a moment to reflect on the fact that we all live in a time where humans control light to transfer data?

  • @flameshana9

    @flameshana9

    4 жыл бұрын

    And we use it to transfer porn.

  • @yaoloh8302
    @yaoloh83024 жыл бұрын

    I know you've done tons of terrible segway before But this one tops it

  • @nicostein9875

    @nicostein9875

    4 жыл бұрын

    Just saw it, and now I need a doctor.

  • @nathacle

    @nathacle

    4 жыл бұрын

    Not to take away how bad it was, but that is an equally awful way of spelling that word.

  • @idunno402

    @idunno402

    4 жыл бұрын

    Segue*

  • @timothyswindell4924

    @timothyswindell4924

    4 жыл бұрын

    Segway is a mode of transportation for lazy people. It is not the same as a the French transition "segue." Please learn the difference.

  • @shamtradtam3769
    @shamtradtam37692 жыл бұрын

    Having studied communications & signal processing at the undergraduate & postgraduate level, I'm happy that this topic is gaining public exposure. I have to point out that wireless signals (4g, 5g, wifi, bluetooth) also use light to carry data, these use the microwave, while fibre optics use infrared. Both are invisible, so I don't know why you just explained fibre optics alone

  • @BuildTimeMC
    @BuildTimeMC4 жыл бұрын

    If you rename the video to how a Minecraft repeater works you'll probably get more views

  • @melon1971

    @melon1971

    3 жыл бұрын

    Comparator *

  • @Rose-ez9vf
    @Rose-ez9vf4 жыл бұрын

    *but can it fix my broken heart Stacy?!*

  • @HungNguyen-pf8zm

    @HungNguyen-pf8zm

    4 жыл бұрын

    F

  • @ChucksSEADnDEAD

    @ChucksSEADnDEAD

    4 жыл бұрын

    Gamers rise up 😤

  • @jameslloyd2957
    @jameslloyd29574 жыл бұрын

    I did not know I needed to know this but it was actually really interesting

  • @bedi09
    @bedi092 жыл бұрын

    This is a great video for introducing the concept. Thank you

  • @ElNegus9985
    @ElNegus99854 жыл бұрын

    0:23 Linus hologram shaking.

  • @bbasmdc
    @bbasmdc3 жыл бұрын

    This is a great basic explanation. There are a few inaccuracies, however that could be corrected without making this explanation longer or more complex. Modern optical fibre does not make use of total internal reflection - we could never really go much further than a couple of kilometres if that was still the case. It actually uses a refractive index gradient (as opposed to a hard boundary) to guide the light back into the fiber. Check out the difference between step index fibre and graded index fiber. Repeaters vs amplifiers. Hmmm…to be honest these two terms are interchangeable, but they both just mean “amplifiers”, and more specifically “optical amplifiers” (like EDFAs, SOAs or Raman amps). You may have meant to compare amplifiers to regenerators - which digitally recreate the signal, as opposed to an analogue amplifier. Regenerating signals is expensive compared to just amplifying them, so the goal in modern long distance communication is to send the signal at the highest possible data rate as far as you can before you have to resort to regeneration. But you may still amplify that signal about every 50-80 km. Just to note that optical fiber was used in endoscopy way before it was used in communications, at least in terms of commercial products. Endoscopy dates back to the mid 1800s using hollow tubes, but fiber endoscopy was invented in 1957. The use of fiber for communications was triggered in 1970 when two technologies reached a sufficient state of usefulness that commercial products could be created. These two technologies were low loss optical fibre and semiconductor lasers.

  • @ShawnT007

    @ShawnT007

    Жыл бұрын

    always wanted to see Nottingham

  • @bigdswinging3403
    @bigdswinging34034 жыл бұрын

    Very good vid. I work in low voltage/data/security and some splicing from time to time.

  • @DarthDweeb
    @DarthDweeb4 жыл бұрын

    Such a smooth segue. Best one yet.

  • @jdmnissan
    @jdmnissan4 жыл бұрын

    *Apple* we are very excited to show you our new iPhones *Linus* but how fiber works *Me* hmm let's watch linus

  • @triparadox.c

    @triparadox.c

    4 жыл бұрын

    Apple: We're very excited to show you a new way to waste your money!

  • @circuit10

    @circuit10

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@triparadox.c Yep

  • @Technology_Apps_AI
    @Technology_Apps_AI3 жыл бұрын

    Just a little correction, the total internal reflection is a geometric property of light. Scattering on the other hand is actually physical property.

  • @THEPASHKA
    @THEPASHKA4 жыл бұрын

    Learned more about fiber optics in 5 min than 1 year of IT Course.

  • @selenagomez9290
    @selenagomez92902 жыл бұрын

    Thanks a lot for explaining it so well my concepts are cleared now thAnks once again.

  • @ricardooow
    @ricardooow4 жыл бұрын

    This is true but not the full story about fiber optic networks, nowadays to use every space there is inside the fiber, multiple carrier frequencies are used (different colors). This is then multiplexed together and demultiplex at the end which is often done with a simple n-th order filter, giving the individual 1's and 0's back for each wavelength.

  • @IndiCoder
    @IndiCoder4 жыл бұрын

    Let me watch the Apple event first. Liking this video as of now btw

  • @JM-yx1lm

    @JM-yx1lm

    3 жыл бұрын

    And who are you?

  • @elbozo5723

    @elbozo5723

    3 жыл бұрын

    scat you verified normie!

  • @NicosLeben
    @NicosLeben4 жыл бұрын

    You could also have mentioned what type of light and which wavelengths get pushed through the optical fiber. And that there can be an issue with light representing a single bit bouncing around in different angles resulting in blurry bits instead of hard on/off edges.

  • @rgl168

    @rgl168

    2 жыл бұрын

    Remember this is Techquickie; most of the target audience wouldn't have that level of understanding

  • @s1unknown577
    @s1unknown5774 жыл бұрын

    LTT - science , news and tests. Techquickie - Things you probably didn't know.

  • @HazMean_2611
    @HazMean_26114 жыл бұрын

    first time that video notification popup within 1min of upload , usually it pop after 10min 😂😂

  • @HazMean_2611

    @HazMean_2611

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@Drdrew1234 I understand n can read english, just not to fluent in speaking, like 2-3 word per year except for brand names 😂😂

  • @SylasTheGreat

    @SylasTheGreat

    4 жыл бұрын

    Why is this funny?

  • @Fatty420
    @Fatty4204 жыл бұрын

    LTT 2039: We just bought and overclocked a colonoscope! Time for Linus' annual checkup!

  • @ElectricityTaster

    @ElectricityTaster

    4 жыл бұрын

    Good way to plug his underwear.

  • @lexvanham6104

    @lexvanham6104

    4 жыл бұрын

    Let's watercool it

  • @saskiavanhoutert3190
    @saskiavanhoutert31904 жыл бұрын

    Thanks again Techquickie for your explanation again, like to hear more, kind regards

  • @Bacon_Pancakes
    @Bacon_Pancakes4 жыл бұрын

    Setting up fiber optic networks is by far the best job I've ever had!

  • @mantheking
    @mantheking2 жыл бұрын

    @Techquickie Very interesting, thanks. A question: Considering how fast signals through fiber optic cables can be, why did video and audio systems prefer HDMI and/or DisplayPort instead of fiber optic cables?

  • @kevinjohn9579

    @kevinjohn9579

    2 жыл бұрын

    I think that setting up the equipments to produce and read the light signals would be expensive for average consumers. And also idk if you remember it but in one of his videos last year or 2 years back, he used a thunderbolt/hdmi cable using fiber optic technology since his PC and his monitor is very far apart and there are no regular hdmi/thunderbolt cables that can transmit signals over that long distance

  • @NATAWS9

    @NATAWS9

    2 жыл бұрын

    Fiber advantage is distance of transmission, not latency. Latency only becomes a problem when repeaters get involved and this is required when signal level degrades, which is faster in copper. For short distances, this isn't a problem. Also, HDMI has more on it than just digital signals. It also has auxillary power which cannot be transmitted over fiber. Audio systems use electrical signals that are amplified by speaker amplifiers. Before the amplifier, optical cables are possible but don't provide any benefit. After the amplifier, optical cables are not possible because they would lose all of the wattage needed to power the speakers.

  • @hkoizumi3134
    @hkoizumi31344 жыл бұрын

    I remember when I was a kid in early 80s, I shined a flashlight through a metal tubing. I've noticed the light would seem to bounce off the reflective walls in the tube making the light shine bright to the other side. I was thinking maybe I could use this to connect between two places with long piping and use it for instant Morse code without using radio. I was a smart kid back in the day. I don't know what happened lol

  • @sparky2008sparky
    @sparky2008sparky4 ай бұрын

    I worked in this field with EDFAs before the telecom bust. Each fiber in a 40km link could handle 80Gb/s through muxing different wavelengths of light onto the single fiber. We developed 32 ch systems that had EDFAs(erbium doped fiber amplifier) which used a 970nm laser pump to amplify the optical data stream, in phase, by 16dB. The technology was pretty amazing even for an EE like me.

  • @dumplingsuwu6691
    @dumplingsuwu66918 ай бұрын

    His guy is a legend! His energy and simple beginning is top tire ❤❤

  • @aaalm8724
    @aaalm87244 жыл бұрын

    Love it.. good work linus with information.. you should participate in some historical episode explaining computers and electronic engineering 😉

  • @mrgallbladder
    @mrgallbladder4 жыл бұрын

    I hate when somebody throws a wrench into my pudding!

  • @makhmal1776
    @makhmal17764 жыл бұрын

    Very well explained! Thank you.

  • @claudiugusoi
    @claudiugusoi4 жыл бұрын

    Interesting choice of having a photo of a SonoScape endoscope. I was really wondering how well it performs in Canada because I used to sell them in my country and nobody heard of them. I also assume it was just a random photo of images search.

  • @crvz7834
    @crvz78344 жыл бұрын

    3:00 he is speaking the minecraft redstone languange Edit:thanks for the 11 likes:)

  • @gigibecali699

    @gigibecali699

    4 жыл бұрын

    I tip my hat to you,one legend to another

  • @crvz7834

    @crvz7834

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@gigibecali699 ohhh shittt

  • @timecubed

    @timecubed

    4 жыл бұрын

    lol

  • @iukeay
    @iukeay4 жыл бұрын

    Please explain why Spectrum (the ISP) has such bad upload speed but okay download speed. Pretty sure TCP works the same way both ways.

  • @VulkanRTFM

    @VulkanRTFM

    4 жыл бұрын

    Because they throttle the speed on their end when they receive it and send it out to you.

  • @xnamkcor

    @xnamkcor

    4 жыл бұрын

    kzread.info/dash/bejne/hICj0cWlot2dp6Q.html I forgot if he covers DSL vs ADSL in this one.

  • @lynspyre

    @lynspyre

    4 жыл бұрын

    Every ISP does that, it has to do with symmetrical and asymmetrical connections. Just to make it simple, asymmetrical = cheaper, symmetrical = expensive

  • @imoffendedthatyouareoffended

    @imoffendedthatyouareoffended

    4 жыл бұрын

    iukeay I have them and I haven’t had that issue at all, my issue with them is the random outages and it going off during the middle of the night when I’m gaming.

  • @infomaniac50

    @infomaniac50

    4 жыл бұрын

    It's because there's way more people who watch KZread videos than there are people who upload them. The ISPs allocate bandwidth accordingly. Linus Media Group has a symmetrical 10Gig connection to the Internet.

  • @cincin5078
    @cincin50784 жыл бұрын

    Just what I needed. Thanks!

  • @TechXSoftware
    @TechXSoftware4 жыл бұрын

    Nice that finally shed some light on the subject

  • @user-ld7vl9sk4s
    @user-ld7vl9sk4s2 жыл бұрын

    2:58 thats exactly redstone logic lol

  • @ludapecurka102
    @ludapecurka1024 жыл бұрын

    Im fiber optic technician So i know :)

  • @matsv201

    @matsv201

    4 жыл бұрын

    You know the one rather major flaw in the explination?

  • @UPSC2026Pre
    @UPSC2026Pre4 жыл бұрын

    What an explanation..... Thanks Sir...

  • @ExcelTutorials1
    @ExcelTutorials1 Жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much for explaining this! Very helpful!!

  • @Nick_117
    @Nick_1174 жыл бұрын

    ...And important data... Me: MEMES

  • @Mr.Meeseeks024
    @Mr.Meeseeks0244 жыл бұрын

    Why is no one watching apple live stream? Because "Insert segue to our sponsor"

  • @mizunochie

    @mizunochie

    4 жыл бұрын

    Because most of us are peasants.

  • @Mr.Meeseeks024

    @Mr.Meeseeks024

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@mizunochie I tuned in for 1 minute, the energy is sooo low ROFL, and somehow 1.8m people are still watching

  • @danman9847

    @danman9847

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@Mr.Meeseeks024 yeah shits a joke lol

  • @pekkapeltola2642

    @pekkapeltola2642

    4 жыл бұрын

    And that evet was bad. Nothing new really

  • @Mr.Meeseeks024

    @Mr.Meeseeks024

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@pekkapeltola2642 it was terrible, at least the 60 seconds I saw.

  • @svartdraken
    @svartdraken4 жыл бұрын

    I studied telecommunications and the physics behind it, but I can't just say no to a new video by Linus

  • @Dava501
    @Dava5014 жыл бұрын

    i always like linus's vids for his Ad transition

  • @ripster7
    @ripster74 жыл бұрын

    Great, now can you explain why I've been waiting for 5 months to have my fiber installed to my house?

  • @dd_xshadow9208
    @dd_xshadow92084 жыл бұрын

    When you are early but the video is loaded

  • @Rainbow__cookie

    @Rainbow__cookie

    4 жыл бұрын

    Yeah this is big brain time

  • @FBIagentObama

    @FBIagentObama

    4 жыл бұрын

    Wat

  • @NikosNisyros
    @NikosNisyros4 жыл бұрын

    The transition to the sponsored message was smooth AF.

  • @Dessme
    @Dessme7 ай бұрын

    Every question was answered as I was about to ask. I like your teaching style. Keep it up! Not sure if you talked about this though. What is the minimum distance a signal needs amplification? Thx.

  • @deeter_games

    @deeter_games

    4 ай бұрын

    the minimum distance would depend on the refractive index of the material being used. If you have a higher quality material, the distance required before amplification would be further, a fiber with a worse refractive index would scatter sooner and require a repeater/amplifier in a shorter distance.

  • @dan_loup
    @dan_loup4 жыл бұрын

    It's like RGB lighting, but really, really fast.

  • @nunyabusiness3786
    @nunyabusiness37864 жыл бұрын

    God said, let there be light Then there was light and all was well with the gamers

  • @renatoigmed

    @renatoigmed

    4 жыл бұрын

    with no lag. amén

  • @mrSirfreak
    @mrSirfreak2 жыл бұрын

    your explanation for the repeater was good but you didn't tell how a regenerator works using the dcc channel ? and what transport equipment is being used (ocn) the distance is not determined by the fiber but by card in the transport equipment (ocn). what type of fiber are using single mode or multi mode?

  • @Mic_Glow
    @Mic_Glow2 жыл бұрын

    Also useful in offices or even at home... No need to worry about separating internet cables from power lines and extension cords, using more expensive shielded network cables... is very future-proof and thinner

  • @RailfanSrikrishna
    @RailfanSrikrishna4 жыл бұрын

    In future I believe UV-Ray and X-rays could also carry data

  • @KingJellyfishII

    @KingJellyfishII

    4 жыл бұрын

    UV probably but Xrays can't currently be sent through fibers like visible light can. Although, yes, they could transmit far more data than visible or IR (which is more common right now)

  • @vaibhavhayaran

    @vaibhavhayaran

    4 жыл бұрын

    UV scatters alot so it's impractical ..and x-ray..nope! Unless you want cancer . . . Although UV also causes cancer

  • @KingJellyfishII

    @KingJellyfishII

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@Kiba114 I disagree - it's a legitimate question, because x-rays can transmit far more data than IR. I hope you're not a rtfm person....

  • @KingJellyfishII

    @KingJellyfishII

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@Kiba114 I'm not saying it will happen or should happen or anything I'm just saying that it's a legitimate question to ask why it hasn't/will not happen.

  • @KingJellyfishII

    @KingJellyfishII

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@Kiba114 I'm just trying to defend the original commenter, and I know that it's just one Google away but I'm kinda running out of patience so I'm going to end the argument here.

  • @R0adx
    @R0adx4 жыл бұрын

    It's so obvious that everyone is watching the apple event right now lol

  • @NewLondonMarshall

    @NewLondonMarshall

    4 жыл бұрын

    xD

  • @allansh828

    @allansh828

    4 жыл бұрын

    Apple Event gets even more cringing this year.

  • @NewLondonMarshall

    @NewLondonMarshall

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@allansh828 Ikr! The amount of times they say "We're so excited for" or "I'm so excited for" is absolutely stupid!

  • @kenchimanok
    @kenchimanok8 ай бұрын

    Dr. Linus, PHD MD if you could only be my college teacher, I would have finished my ECE course and never switched to something else.

  • @andydbedford
    @andydbedford4 жыл бұрын

    Please make a video on how Water could be used to store data. There is enormous research going into this.

  • @vineethsai1575
    @vineethsai15754 жыл бұрын

    I thought you will say, "I know where the doctor got his degree,..... 'BRILLIANT.ORG'"

  • @gaminghood849
    @gaminghood8494 жыл бұрын

    Me: Does santa exist Linus: *how does light carry data*

  • @petenielsen6683
    @petenielsen66832 жыл бұрын

    Watching this again in nearly 2022. Forgot what Linus looked before COVID-19.

  • @lolnahnvm208
    @lolnahnvm2084 жыл бұрын

    Just scheduled a colonoscopy yesterday. Thanks for lightening the mood/slash making me think about it again, Linus.

  • @MaxAMillionyt
    @MaxAMillionyt2 жыл бұрын

    3:13 exactly like minecraft

  • @Xenoray1
    @Xenoray14 жыл бұрын

    Me: Fiber sounds cool Germany: Nah, Heil Copper!

  • @AK-hx2dx

    @AK-hx2dx

    4 жыл бұрын

    True i live in a City in Germany with a population of 500.000 people and still only have VDSL 50 Mbit/s😔 .

  • @kamshout
    @kamshout4 жыл бұрын

    As a network engineer student, this is great

  • @mahibulbhuiyan4844
    @mahibulbhuiyan48443 жыл бұрын

    Good to see linus talking about physics!

  • @seasesh4073
    @seasesh40734 жыл бұрын

    Linus Minecraft playthrough when? Watch out mumbojumbo, here comes another professional

  • @shaansingh6048

    @shaansingh6048

    4 жыл бұрын

    bro linus vs mumbojumbo redstone would be the most lit thing ever.

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