Heterotrophs, Autotrophs, Phototrophs, and Chemotrophs

In this video, Biology Professor (Twitter: @DrWhitneyHolden) discusses heterotrophs, autotrophs, phototrophs, and chemotrophs and how these categories are used to describe different ways that organisms obtain carbon and energy. Also discussed are the combinations of these categories: photoautotrophs, photoheterotrophs, chemoautotrophs, and chemoheterotrophs.
Want a PDF of the final white board with all the answers written in? Download FREE STUDY NOTES here: tinyurl.com/BiologyProfessorN...
A side note, since people have sent in questions about it: The molecules used by chemotrophs can be organic (chemoorganotrophs) or inorganic (chemolithotrophs)! :) Check out my video about that here: • Lithotrophs vs Organot...

Пікірлер: 137

  • @JonnieThaBoi
    @JonnieThaBoi6 жыл бұрын

    this is by far the simplest, most comprehensive explanation. I FINALLY understand this. thank you. please make more videos

  • @rachaelmacgregor9781
    @rachaelmacgregor97817 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for this, it really laid it all out clearly. I have struggled to find a clear diagram like this anywhere on the internet!

  • @Marshmellokitten
    @Marshmellokitten6 жыл бұрын

    Bless your heart, this is so helpful and simply laid out!

  • @DesiraeElaine
    @DesiraeElaine Жыл бұрын

    THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR THIS! I tried so hard writing this out in class, then reading the textbook, then trying to think about the definitions i was looking at in different ways and I just wasn't understanding. You cleared it up immediately for you

  • @ashleyjones3609
    @ashleyjones36096 жыл бұрын

    Saved my life!! My final is on Thursday. Thank youuuu!!!

  • @user-xl3tl9tt6k
    @user-xl3tl9tt6k4 жыл бұрын

    thank you so much! loved the examples, really needed that!

  • @jackyllerena5336
    @jackyllerena53367 жыл бұрын

    This helps illustrate by, in a way, dividing the words by Herero or auto and chemo or photo, and then picking one or the other from the diagram of carbon and energy. This really helped me understand it visually, thank you so much!

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    7 жыл бұрын

    Absolutely! That is how I do it too. Thanks for commenting!

  • @mnnnnnnnnnnnn972
    @mnnnnnnnnnnnn9727 жыл бұрын

    Thanks a lot for the help! I had no clue what these were until I watched the video :-)

  • @taliwilder4828
    @taliwilder48287 жыл бұрын

    So organized!! Thank you for explaining this!

  • @veLOLcerapt0r
    @veLOLcerapt0r5 жыл бұрын

    Thank you! This made it so clear for my midterm!

  • @jennyfox1398
    @jennyfox1398 Жыл бұрын

    Most underrated biology video on yt. Best explanation I've found out of two text books and many vids!

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    Жыл бұрын

    Thank you!!! 🥰

  • @mohsenakhavan3500
    @mohsenakhavan35003 жыл бұрын

    Thank you very much for this nice presentation. Deeply Appreciated. Please continue your videos.

  • @chichiscooking7665
    @chichiscooking76653 жыл бұрын

    Well put together. Even the whole layout helped me understand. Thank you!

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    2 жыл бұрын

    Glad it was helpful!

  • @MRali19961
    @MRali199614 жыл бұрын

    Great explanation, very informative details. Thank you very much :)

  • @zayedsiddiqui907
    @zayedsiddiqui9077 жыл бұрын

    Thank you mam for clearing my doubts...and also I liked the way you teach

  • @AZVREIGN
    @AZVREIGN2 жыл бұрын

    Thank you, my professor could never

  • @cynthialynno
    @cynthialynno4 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much for these videos, my professor is not teaching me anything. I'm basically learning from you :)

  • @tommynineteenies
    @tommynineteenies4 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much for posting!!

  • @goodgirlvicki
    @goodgirlvicki7 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much for simplifying these concepts!

  • @gemshinasi8189
    @gemshinasi81893 жыл бұрын

    thanks for the help this was very simple and very well explained

  • @gentledon2921
    @gentledon29218 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the clearification... was always mistaken chemotrophs for autotrophs... the diagram helps a great deal.... God bless U.

  • @lilymoore3955
    @lilymoore39558 жыл бұрын

    Very well organized. love it

  • @thidasan775
    @thidasan7756 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much .Best and easiest to remember.

  • @Mariamk1995
    @Mariamk19954 жыл бұрын

    THANK YOU. You are amazing. So incredibly helpful. GOD BLESS YOU

  • @JesusIvanGarcia
    @JesusIvanGarcia7 жыл бұрын

    Thank you very much! This was exactly the information I was looking for =)

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    7 жыл бұрын

    You are welcome!

  • @martinwilkinson9395
    @martinwilkinson93955 жыл бұрын

    Nicely and clearly explained!

  • @dstan16224
    @dstan162244 жыл бұрын

    Thank you very much Ma'am. It really helped a lot 👍👍👍

  • @udaramaligathenna5080
    @udaramaligathenna50807 ай бұрын

    Thank you so much . A good explaination ! ❤️

  • @giftycodjoe9622
    @giftycodjoe96227 жыл бұрын

    Thanks so much, you made it easy for me to understand. By the way you have a beautiful skin

  • @dzuke3127
    @dzuke31276 жыл бұрын

    So helpful! Thank you!

  • @shivamazad1608
    @shivamazad16085 жыл бұрын

    Vary simple and cleared exp..

  • @vaibhavisawant5081
    @vaibhavisawant50817 жыл бұрын

    great job mam....loved it!!!! tysssm😇👌👍

  • @Andrea-yd2ji
    @Andrea-yd2ji4 жыл бұрын

    You’re awesome! Your videos help a lot 😊

  • @healthywealth199
    @healthywealth1994 жыл бұрын

    You're so smart. Thank you for teaching.

  • @manelmabrouk9978
    @manelmabrouk9978 Жыл бұрын

    Very helpful she make it easy to understand

  • @xeena9656
    @xeena96566 жыл бұрын

    Thank you very much It really helped me.

  • @nguyenhang2542
    @nguyenhang25422 жыл бұрын

    amzing explanation. Thank you so much for this video!

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    2 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for watching :)

  • @aljojees8250
    @aljojees82503 жыл бұрын

    Thanks ,it's so simple to understand

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    3 жыл бұрын

    I’m happy to help!

  • @CheneicaPrescod
    @CheneicaPrescod Жыл бұрын

    this video is so helpful thank you very much😃😃😃😃😃😃😃

  • @umakantshinde2849
    @umakantshinde28496 жыл бұрын

    Great and very nice explanation madam

  • @MedicalwallahAyushpandey
    @MedicalwallahAyushpandey3 жыл бұрын

    Great lecture mam. salute from india....

  • @rachelg9704
    @rachelg97043 жыл бұрын

    Amazing thank you so much! I'm taking a hybrid bio class and your videos have been so helpful! I can't thank you enough!!

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    3 жыл бұрын

    Let me know if you are interested in other topics that you can’t find videos for on KZread. ✅

  • @rachelg9704

    @rachelg9704

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thank you professor! We are learning about microbial metabolism this week. I’m having trouble grasping the concepts such as glycolysis and enzymes. if you have time to do a video? Im taking a hybrid class so I don’t have much guidance. Thank you so much!

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    3 жыл бұрын

    I have a playlist that I think will help: kzread.info/head/PLjMo-ys5HQIbpIatbGdpuPTMk_fl5Facz Check out the videos about aerobic respiration (both of them) and enzymes. :)

  • @leneshbabu5135
    @leneshbabu51355 жыл бұрын

    Ho what a simple class.. easy understanding methord

  • @itoendie3266
    @itoendie32663 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for this

  • @MsSingingCricket
    @MsSingingCricket4 жыл бұрын

    You were freakin awesome!!! I learned so much. I wish you were my biology teacher!!

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    3 жыл бұрын

    Wow, thanks 😊

  • @spangiepie2219
    @spangiepie22198 жыл бұрын

    Thank you! I get it now!

  • @k.rajkumar8650

    @k.rajkumar8650

    5 жыл бұрын

    Hii

  • @janethherrera4747
    @janethherrera47478 жыл бұрын

    Thank you! You made it soooo clear! I understand it now!

  • @k.rajkumar8650

    @k.rajkumar8650

    5 жыл бұрын

    Good

  • @poornimasirvaiya7949
    @poornimasirvaiya79496 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much Mam 🙏🙏🙏🙏

  • @ShesArizza
    @ShesArizza4 жыл бұрын

    thank you this helped !

  • @prajwalmeshram4407
    @prajwalmeshram4407 Жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much mam very crystal clear explanation.GOD bless you ✨ .I am from India ✨

  • @kdrlyintercollege3335
    @kdrlyintercollege33352 жыл бұрын

    Best explanation

  • @komalgarg8744
    @komalgarg87444 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much

  • @lexrae2729
    @lexrae27292 жыл бұрын

    These are so helpful I wish I could hug u thank you so so much

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    2 жыл бұрын

    You are so welcome 🤗

  • @gloriaperrino7418
    @gloriaperrino74188 жыл бұрын

    great video!

  • @negross001
    @negross0013 жыл бұрын

    Thank you very much

  • @ashamaughn340
    @ashamaughn3407 жыл бұрын

    I THINK IM IN LOVE WITH THIS WOMAN ...THANK YOU!!!!!

  • @faizan4499
    @faizan44995 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much madam

  • @trinitykril
    @trinitykril4 жыл бұрын

    I UNDERSTAND IT NOW OMG

  • @honeykai8274
    @honeykai82744 жыл бұрын

    you the best like forreal

  • @jas4jairam684
    @jas4jairam6846 жыл бұрын

    Thank you

  • @siniorashani
    @siniorashani2 жыл бұрын

    Thank you very much ❤

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    2 жыл бұрын

    You are very welcome

  • @shamikprabhuchodnekar291
    @shamikprabhuchodnekar2915 жыл бұрын

    Thank You

  • @mukeshjoshi1567
    @mukeshjoshi15674 жыл бұрын

    Thank u prof

  • @sunnylefabulous6736
    @sunnylefabulous67366 жыл бұрын

    thankyouuuu!

  • @Wallaby1963
    @Wallaby19637 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for you great explanation. We humans need to know all these things in order to understand nature's balance and we should start acting in order to return all what we have taken away from nature or destroyed in the environment, that has caused the disaster we have created.

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    7 жыл бұрын

    I agree! Conservation biology is a field I have a growing interest in.

  • @clarkmicrobiology8100
    @clarkmicrobiology8100 Жыл бұрын

    Hi, thanks so much. I use these videos for my Microbiology Allied Health class. I have a question about Chemotrophs. Can't they also get energy from organic molecules? For example, glucose can provide energy AND C.

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    Жыл бұрын

    Yes! Chenotrophs can also be lithotrophs or organotrophs. Check out my video that will answer this question: kzread.info/dash/bejne/papntLSFZbPWm5M.html

  • @airesssaile2409
    @airesssaile2409 Жыл бұрын

    Wahhhh, thank you!!!

  • @ashleynicole8757
    @ashleynicole87573 жыл бұрын

    thank you professor

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    3 жыл бұрын

    You are welcome! 😊

  • @PrabhatKumar-db9un
    @PrabhatKumar-db9un5 жыл бұрын

    Thanks

  • @chardaescott1160
    @chardaescott11606 жыл бұрын

    Please do videos on Cellular Respiration in Prokaryotes!! Thanks a bunch!

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    6 жыл бұрын

    I've added it to my list for the future. Thanks for the suggestion!

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    6 жыл бұрын

    Hi there! I finally got around to making this video. You can see it here: kzread.info/dash/bejne/i5OuscuxpbKyn7w.html Thanks for the suggestion and let me know if you have any more!

  • @ankurmodhukalaya9000
    @ankurmodhukalaya90004 жыл бұрын

    Madam can heterotrophic bacteria takeup carbon if we mix C6H12O6 and CaCO3

  • @srinivasnani7240
    @srinivasnani72408 күн бұрын

    Brilliant.

  • @JudyNepune
    @JudyNepune7 жыл бұрын

    For further explanation, I got confused, because our Prof uses the word litho instead ot hetero. Is that possible? So ist chemolithotroph the same as chemoheterotroph?

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    7 жыл бұрын

    No, they are not the same. Heterotrophs cannot fix their own carbon from carbon dioxide, they must get it somewhere else. Chemoheterotrophs are organisms that obtain energy by the oxidation of chemicals in their environments (rather than using light energy). Chemoheterotrophs can be chemolithoheterotrophs, utilizing inorganic energy sources (such as sulfur) or chemoorganoheterotrophs, utilizing organic energy sources such as carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. This is summarized from Wikipedia, hope it helps!

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    7 жыл бұрын

    I ran across a table today that I think will help you. Find it here: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_nutritional_groups#cite_note-10

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    6 жыл бұрын

    Hi there! Since this tends to be a common question, I made a video distinguishing lithotrophs and organotrophs (and heterotrophs). Check it out here: kzread.info/dash/bejne/papntLSFZbPWm5M.html

  • @samokk9145
    @samokk91455 жыл бұрын

    Yeah thank you

  • @deetshanaparthipan8693
    @deetshanaparthipan86936 жыл бұрын

    Can chemotrophs or chemoautotrophs make their own food? Do you need to obtain inorganic and organic sources from other organisms or can you make the yourselves? How do you identify if an organism can me its own food or not? I don't understand. Thank you.

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    6 жыл бұрын

    When we say "make their own food" we typically are referring to photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, where organisms use one of these processes (using light or chemicals for energy) to "fix" atmospheric carbon dioxide or other compounds into sugars (the food). Chemoautotrophs do this (chemosynthesis) to "make their own food" (the sugars). Chemoheterotrophs do not; they have to ingest materials for food instead. As for the question about how to identify an organism as being one of these types, it depends on what you mean. A scientist who is studying a new organism will look at where it gets its nutrients and energy and look closely at its cellular metabolism to make the determination. On the other hand, if you mean how does a STUDENT know, the answer is that a student will need to learn about different types of organisms (plants vs animals vs fungi vs cyanobacteria vs archaebacteria for example) and memorize which categories these organisms fit into.

  • @copperlight
    @copperlight6 жыл бұрын

    Awesome

  • @samuelmathew3179
    @samuelmathew31796 жыл бұрын

    SO THANKS.I WAS HAVING MANY DOUBTS IN THIS CHAPTER. IT REALLY HELPED ME. ALSO ,WHERE DO YOU LIVE MADAM. SORRY FOR BAD ENGLISH BECAUSE I LIVE IN INDIA

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    6 жыл бұрын

    I live in the United States. :) What is the subject of the chapter you are studying? Maybe some of my playlists will help you, like these: Biochemistry - kzread.info/head/PLjMo-ys5HQIbpIatbGdpuPTMk_fl5Facz Cell Biology - kzread.info/head/PLjMo-ys5HQIasXLjYaMgpBAvEGGKDtK9Z Bacteriology - kzread.info/head/PLjMo-ys5HQIbIdWVXrAaCkeH1k6iVPvBM

  • @samuelmathew3179

    @samuelmathew3179

    6 жыл бұрын

    I LIVE IN INDIA . IN INDIA ,I AM STUDYING AT 10'TH GRADE. I AM STUDYING A CHAPTER NAMED *LIFE PROCESSES* . IN CHAPTER WE STUDY ABOUT. *NUTRITION IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS, RESPIRATION,TRANSPORTATION IN HUMAN BEINGS AND PLANTS , EXCRETION ,ETC .WE MUST ALSO LEARN ABOUT HEMODIALYSIS*. (I DON'T HAVE ANY IDEA ABOUT HEMODIALYSIS). ALSO THANKS FOR THE REPLY

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    6 жыл бұрын

    Here are some of my videos that might help you: Lithotrophs vs Organotrophs - kzread.info/dash/bejne/papntLSFZbPWm5M.html Osmoregulation: Osmoconformers & Osmoregulators - kzread.info/dash/bejne/dIaY25aeYMWxo5s.html Asexual vs Sexual Reproduction - kzread.info/dash/bejne/qJOmwdyCpMXYYpc.html Aerobic Respiration - kzread.info/dash/bejne/eIeWo5iGfai7obQ.html Photosynthesis and Cell Respiration - kzread.info/dash/bejne/Y6eOlKqpccnals4.html Introduction to Enzymes - kzread.info/dash/bejne/jH6k26x_eq6nnM4.html I don't have any on hemodialysis (which is how your kidneys filter your blood to make urine), but maybe this other one that I found will help you - kzread.info/dash/bejne/n5eFs6mAg8vTfNY.html

  • @samuelmathew3179

    @samuelmathew3179

    6 жыл бұрын

    SO THANKS

  • @jeezy4764
    @jeezy47644 жыл бұрын

    You’re awesome

  • @ShawnDypxz
    @ShawnDypxz7 жыл бұрын

    What does energy source mean for animals ?Where is it needed? I didn't get it. I understood the carbon source so we are heterotrophs .

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    7 жыл бұрын

    All organisms need some kind of energy to grow, reproduce, maintain homeostasis, etc. Phototrophs (like algae or plants) get their energy directly from sunlight. Animals get their energy (and their carbon) from food. In other words, animals eat food that contains carbon and that also contains energy in the bonds that carbon forms with other carbon atoms or with atoms of other elements. In breaking down those bonds during cellular respiration, energy is released and stored in molecules of ATP until the cell needs it. But remember that ultimately, even the energy contained in the food we eat comes from the sun, because the food we eat is composed either of plants or of animals that eat plants. I hope this helps!

  • @nikhilpreet4554
    @nikhilpreet4554 Жыл бұрын

    Ty mam

  • @adarshkumarsingh3213
    @adarshkumarsingh32132 жыл бұрын

    nice mam ji

  • @whitney2960
    @whitney29607 жыл бұрын

    I wish this talked about the sub categories "organo" and "litho" because thats the part I don't understand

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    7 жыл бұрын

    Organotrophs: Organic compounds are used as electron donor. Lithotrophs: Inorganic compounds are used as electron donor. You can read a bit more about it here: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_nutritional_groups#Primary_sources_of_reducing_equivalents Hope this helps!

  • @kingo717
    @kingo7177 жыл бұрын

    What are inorganic chemicals and organic sources?

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    7 жыл бұрын

    The main determinant is whether a compound contains carbon or not. Organic compounds are those that contain carbon, like carbohydrates and proteins, which can also contain other atoms, like nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorous, etc. Inorganic chemicals are those that do not contain carbon, but contain other atoms instead, like nitrogen, sulfur, and more. Some organisms use organic compounds to obtain energy, others use inorganic compounds.

  • @JK-rh9bl

    @JK-rh9bl

    3 жыл бұрын

    @@BiologyProfessor thank you so much i was having a lot of confusion and wasn't able to memorize or understand this.. You're great :D and i hope you're baby's doing well too now, he/she must've grown a lot (i knew it from other comment)

  • @TheCrazymancub
    @TheCrazymancub5 жыл бұрын

    So wouldn't chemoheterotrophs (ex. animals) obtain energy from organic chemicals (C,H) (not inorganic chemicals) since they must consume other living organisms?

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    5 жыл бұрын

    You are correct.

  • @raaedameen4411
    @raaedameen44113 жыл бұрын

    Can photoheterotroph synthesize their own food ?

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    2 жыл бұрын

    No, not from CO2 like a photoautotroph. Photoheterotrophs use light for energy, but need to take in "food" (organic compounds from the environment, like carbs, fatty acids, and alcohols) to satisfy their carbon requirements.

  • @JMSouchak
    @JMSouchak7 жыл бұрын

    I thought chemotrophs could use both organic or inorganic chemicals?

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    7 жыл бұрын

    You are correct. The molecules used by chemotrophs can be organic (chemoorganotrophs) or inorganic (chemolithotrophs). This distinction is made less commonly in my experience, but thank you for pointing it out!

  • @eduardoespiritu1110
    @eduardoespiritu11104 жыл бұрын

    So algae is phototrops? Ma'am how to make phototrophic bacteria?

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    3 жыл бұрын

    How to make? I’m not sure what you mean. Some groups of photographic bacteria are able to photosynthesize because they have evolved photosynthetic processes (pigments, enzymes, etc.).

  • @DiegoMosqueraolaya
    @DiegoMosqueraolaya3 жыл бұрын

    Tarea

  • @kaceesnow
    @kaceesnow2 жыл бұрын

    How do humans obtain their energy from Inorganic chemicals?

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    2 жыл бұрын

    We use oxygen (inorganic) as our final electron acceptor, making aerobic respiration possible. But really, for heterotrophs, I should have said the energy comes from chemicals (not inorganic chemicals) - because yes, we get energy from organic compounds by using the power of oxygen.

  • @DiegoMosqueraolaya
    @DiegoMosqueraolaya3 жыл бұрын

    A

  • @emilyquealy803
    @emilyquealy8034 жыл бұрын

    bookmarked

  • @MrDragon1416
    @MrDragon14168 жыл бұрын

    there is a block inside my head

  • @yonky6963
    @yonky69637 жыл бұрын

    Jesus, you're beautiful.

  • @tawandamaketo2894
    @tawandamaketo289410 ай бұрын

    Baddie

  • @mbcougars08
    @mbcougars087 жыл бұрын

    how far along are you in your pregnancy?

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    7 жыл бұрын

    This video was posted in September 2015, so I think you can probably guess that I am not pregnant anymore, LOL. :)

  • @michellel9862
    @michellel98625 жыл бұрын

    Is it me or does she sound like she's out of breath?

  • @BiologyProfessor

    @BiologyProfessor

    5 жыл бұрын

    I was super pregnant, baby was crowding my lungs.

  • @njabulomkhulisi681
    @njabulomkhulisi6815 жыл бұрын

    Thank you