I was beginning to think I would never understand PCI and PCIe slots. Turns out I just needed it explained how you did. You are an amazing teacher. Thank you!!! 😊

@ExplainingComputers

8 ай бұрын

:)

AT last. Someone who knows what he's talking about and can explain it clearly and simply without wearing a baseball cap the wrong way around. Well done.

@ExplainingComputers

3 жыл бұрын

:)

@ninja.saywhat

3 жыл бұрын

:)

@deadchannel5933

3 жыл бұрын

>:))))

@BlastinRope

3 жыл бұрын

The people who were young when it was cool to wear your hat backwards are nearly old enough to retire. Youre ancient history at this point.

@davidcooley275

2 жыл бұрын

@@BlastinRope Never been cool to wear a hat backward...just makes you look lazy and ignorant.

Ah... been in IT for over 20 years and a Network Engineer as well and I totally enjoyed this video in 2021.

@ExplainingComputers

3 жыл бұрын

Thanks. :)

Very professional work, man! It is not easy to find a video on KZread where the author both knows his stuff and is able to teach the stuff so that the laymen can understand.

@ExplainingComputers

3 жыл бұрын

Thanks. :)

1:23 AM and I'm learning about PCIe 16x, not bad...

@joshuamercer854

4 жыл бұрын

Same I'm up at 1 am studying for Comptia

@indianbri

4 жыл бұрын

Amir Ayromloo black magic

@water_containern9930

4 жыл бұрын

Bro its 1:35 for me lol

@user-tf3gk5ub4k

4 жыл бұрын

What a coincidence.. mine was 1.24am.

@Puzzoozoo

4 жыл бұрын

The early hours is geek time.

But The Verge told me to put my graphics card in the PCIe slot that looks the best.

@ExplainingComputers

4 жыл бұрын

Indeed they did! :)

@user-ge4re8up6v

4 жыл бұрын

Dont mind that video, the guy didnt understand anything about pc's he was just making up things as he goes. Try Googling a proper guide or something that way you could probably build your pc.

@ExplainingComputers

4 жыл бұрын

@@user-ge4re8up6v I've spent nearly 30 years lecturing and publishing books and videos about computing, so respectfully suggest that you are wrong about my knowledge base. The vast majority of the comments here also suggest that this video contains good information and has been helpful to a lot of viewers. :)

@user-ge4re8up6v

4 жыл бұрын

@@ExplainingComputers yeh sorry for the misunderstanding but, am talking about the guy from the verge video he was making up things as he goes if you watched that video you'd understand. Ps i really enjoyed this video Much love @k

@GamingForTheRecentlyDeceased

4 жыл бұрын

Lol

A glance this channel looks like early 80s BBC documentary, but explaining about 2020s computer technologies. I love the retro look.

I never understood PCs hardware until I found this channel by coincidence, amazing way of explaining materials and very useful information. keep this informative videos coming ^_^

This channel is gold mine.

@antenna_prolly

4 жыл бұрын

Gold mine? Why not bitcoin mine?

@denniscuesta7009

4 жыл бұрын

Bitcoin mine? Why not bottle cap mine?

@Whitehead100100

4 жыл бұрын

@@denniscuesta7009 I still have the wallet and there is no network to sync to and no one on it. How do we start up the bottle cap ecosystem again? Did the project get abandoned?

@Whitehead100100

4 жыл бұрын

@@denniscuesta7009 Its been years since I downloaded the wallet for bottle caps. Never really any network to connect to. I thought it was one of the coins that were not genuine...

@thequietkiwi

3 жыл бұрын

Those old mobos are a goldmine :P

Being in the field for 25 years now I find these videos so refreshing and interesting. Sometimes simplify things i a way I couldn't when talking to a client. I do enjoy your channel a great deal.

@alittleolder

5 жыл бұрын

Hans Campbell If we go by first computer it's the 128D, I was a bit late to the game

@davidhite1868

5 жыл бұрын

My first computer was an IBM 1401. 1964.

@alittleolder

5 жыл бұрын

David Hite That reminds me, I started on a Z1. We did have an IBS AS/400 as a modern Server in Computer School..

@checktheevidence

5 жыл бұрын

My first computer was a notched stick! :)

@alittleolder

5 жыл бұрын

Ever heard of a St-one at st-one .. lol that actually makes it sound like it's something.. but it was fun to see how far people go back.. I don't know if many people (let's not say from the younger generation but in general) can build a computer but don't really know why and how it works.

Clearest demo I've seen in a long time. Those 80's - 90's computer builds would give you a headache. We didn't have many people like yourself to explain things.

@prateekmudgil

8 ай бұрын

kzread.info/dash/bejne/k66g0tdpqri2etY.htmlsi=ygiWa7Rwp0ZTeItc

I've been here tearing my hair out over the fact that there are only a few motherboards within a reasonable cost available to me, and all but one were constantly sold out. The issue I thought I would have would be the graphics card covering the single PCI-E x1 slot where I thought was the ONLY place to put an internal wireless adapter. Knowing that I can simply under use the second PCI-e x16 size slot for it is an absolute lifesaver. Big preesh for this video!

@ExplainingComputers

3 жыл бұрын

Glad to hear that this has helped you. :)

@brujo_millonario

2 жыл бұрын

Your issue sounds strange; since most motherboards nowadays come with an internal graphics card, so you don't need to add one, unless you want to free *all* the RAM or you need a dedicated graphics card for gaming, video editing, CAD, etc.

@DoTJohnW

2 жыл бұрын

@@brujo_millonario Integrated graphics are provided by the processor, and not all processors have integrated graphics. The build I was making (now several years ago?) was for VR games, and my main concern was that the graphics card covered up what I had first assumed would be the only PCI-E slot that my intended WiFi adapter would be using.

PCIe very well explained. I felt nostalgic when I saw those late 80's and 90's ISA and AGP type slots. Thanks for the video.

@schneiderphotoMD

4 жыл бұрын

G Dunken I don’t know....I did let out a small internal scream of horror at the memories of trying to “cable manage” and triple checking cards and slots from the old days. It is nostalgic, but I’m glad things are much more efficient for building these days.

@kmath50

4 жыл бұрын

Same here. We also cannot forget MCA and EISA. They came out in the late 1980's.

@unbroken5011

4 жыл бұрын

Can i put pcie 2.0 x16 card in pcie x16 slot ?

@vexator19

3 жыл бұрын

@@unbroken5011 Just watch the video.

@needforspeedgaming7148

3 жыл бұрын

@@unbroken5011 uhm why not?

It always amazes me. We talk about old standards and obsolescence, and then the date they were first introduced as being something like 1996. Twenty years is no time at all for a standard to come and then be superceded a few times over. It really puts it into perspective of just how young and fast pace computer technology really is.

@RelakS__

5 жыл бұрын

Same as for video formats. We say, that VHS, DVD, BD, these are changing so fast, that you should buy our movies again and again. But when the VHS started? 1976. DVD? 1995, 19 years later. Blu-Ray? 2006, 11 years later. UHD-BD? 2016, 10 years later. So, ok VHS were with us for a long time, but from current time it is like they introduced it around the DVD's date. Also, I am sure, that the UHD-BD is so bad format (thanks, studios), that BD will be with us for a while, as you also can buy lots of DVDs. And I didn't bother to look for the Video CD, LaserDisc, HD-DVD, etc, we had during these times (watch Techmoan's channel for strange formats)

@TheRealFobican

5 жыл бұрын

Yes indeed, ddr3 already feels a little old now when ddr4 has been the successor during these four years only to be replaced by a new standard. Wonder if DDR6 will appear in half the time it will take DDR5 to become the new thing over DDR4?

@Oleg-oe1rc

5 жыл бұрын

@@stevebergman6431 Thats more an issue with modern software and games than it is CPU platue. Most modern games only use a few cores, or maybe 4 tops, but if a game was able to utilize all your cores in an effectives way, having 8, 10, 18 or more cores would be a night and day difference from a 4 core running at double the speed. That said, now that we are finally going beyond just the 4 core/8 thread thereshold in the consumer market, you can expect to see a lot more games and software utlilize most, if not all, of your cores, and to start running significantly better in high core count cpus.

@dowskivisionmagicaloracle8593

5 жыл бұрын

Am I the only one who noticed that in the last example the video card was larger than the whole motherboard it was inserted into?

@LoveScreamTrue

4 жыл бұрын

@@dowskivisionmagicaloracle8593 No, you're not. We are at least two who have noticed.

The fact that the Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) was born the same year that I was, makes it that much more special and meaningful and so easy to remember. I knew there was a reason why I felt a strong connection to it through mining 😂 Thank you for a very informative video! Shoutout to all of the 92' babies 😆🤙🏼 All the best from Western Australia 🦘

Been playing with computers for 45 years, but these videos are reminding me of all the things I have managed to forget. I now realise the old stuff in my brain is still in there, it's just not very well seated and has problems with ancient data transfer speeds!

One bit to add, PCIe lanes are the most expensive part of your motherboard, these are physical connections between the PCIe slot and the CPU and/or chipset. That is why there are several chipset versions on the market and the ''main'' PCIe x16 slot is where it is (close to the CPU). Also, PCIe lanes (CPU to slot) are divided into chunks of 4. If you have a lower tier chipset, a B150 for instance with 8 PCIe lanes (connections between the CPU and the PCIe slots) and you fit a graphics card into the first PCIe x16 slot, all the 8 lanes are being used by that card. However, if you then fit another device into your other PCIe x16 (x4) slot, it will divide the lanes between those two devices into 4 and 4, effectively reducing the speed of the first PCie x16 slot by half. This is very important for when you decided to put a NVME PCIe card into your second PCIe x16 slot of your PC (or any other such device). The other PCIe x1 and PCI slots, and other devices such as USB and SATA controllers, Ethernet controller and so on, are being fed from the chipset and do not ''rob'' you of the very fast PCIe lanes.

@MasticinaAkicta

5 жыл бұрын

Definitely, that is also a huge difference between a consumer board and a server board. More lanes! Equal when it comes to expensive server cpu's. They tend to offer support for more PCI-E lanes, required to run a lot of data hungry cards.

@xDownSetx

5 жыл бұрын

Thankfully the renewed competition between AMD and Intel has allowed consumers to gain access to a high number of PCIe lanes without the price premium of server grade hardware.

@philipcooper8297

5 жыл бұрын

That is not the right thinking though. Most of the PC users (who care anyway) are gamers, and for that a server grade HW is a waste of money. Paying for what they are not going to use. Even with SLI configuration all you need is 8 lanes per gfx card. Having 16 lanes per card won't boost the performance (PCIe 3.0) as current consumer grade HW won't even fully utilise the PCIe x8 (3.0). Mind you, we are a few months from PCIe 4.0 (5.0, some say we're going to skip 4.0), which will be even faster, than what we use today, which would mean less lanes will do the same job. We have seen this before. PCie x16 (2.0) = PCIe x8 (3.0) and it scales all down to the PCIe x1. So, we won't have more lanes in the future, we're going to have the same amount or even less, but way faster. It's the physical work to put the lanes on the board and the CPU, that costs the money, not the technology.

@PixlRainbow

5 жыл бұрын

@@philipcooper8297 the thing is, it has more lanes and still has a better price to performance ratio than an equivalent Intel consumer CPU

@700gsteak

5 жыл бұрын

Gamers care a lot about pcie lanes because NVME ssds need lots of it for the bandwdith. More pcie lanes = more nvme ssds = more games you can have installed. More pcie lanes = less sharing of speed between the nvme ssds = lower loading times = getting back into the match faster.

I do not understand how this channel doesn't have at least 1M subscribers with such rich content, explained so well. Probably most people are interested in futile stuff that doesn't really matter...

Those old school motherboards look absolutely disgusting yet beautiful at the same time, it really is amazing to see how the motherboards have changed

I can't begin to imagine the level of preparation that goes into your videos. Graphics, examples, research and scripts. It’s all excellent, thank you. This is a comment from the future of this video where PCIe 6 is on the horizon.

One of the moments that reminded me that I'm truly a nerd was when you said "I need to tell you about how PCIe handles data" ( 3:20 ), and I got genuinely excited to learn this knowledge :D

@ExplainingComputers

5 жыл бұрын

Excitement at tech knowledge is always good! :)

I would recommend your videos for school computing classes, very clear and elaborated. Thanks Sir, I enjoyed every second (the car lanes example was cute!!!).

@WmTyndale

5 жыл бұрын

The lanes were crowded but CLEAR!

It's 1:52 AM and I'm watching a video about PCI slots, attempting to understand where mine is, so I can see what device is plugged into it. I've been at several important meetings today and have at some point fallen asleep during all of them. While watching this video, not once did I fall asleep and I watched it through to the end. All that being said, your video's are informative and excellent. I do so hope to learn from you in person one day. Cheers, mate!

In my opinion PCI-e is definitely my favourite thing that’s happened to the silicon based computer. For such a long time I’ve enjoyed super expandable and adaptable GPU connectivity, storage, networking and all kinds of other stuff. Thanks for (as always) this clear, slow, video for an ultimate understanding!

I love this guys accent- and the way he explains the concepts are very simple, logical, and easy to understand. We need more people like him to teach computers to folks not as skilled in the area. This guy speaks two languages- that of engineering and that of communication- and he is able to blend both together for both crowds to understand. Universities are always looking to recruit people like him because there are to many engineers but without the communication skills needed to teach this. I'm guilty of this myself- I speak only engineering. I wish I had this guys ability to explain things so well. Good job!!

@ExplainingComputers

4 жыл бұрын

Thanks for this. I spent 25 years as a university lecturer, and have done some freelance teaching since leaving in late 2015. :)

I haven't built a desk-top since about 04...when I purchased my first laptop. I didn't realize how behind times I had let myself get...lol...I was making a parts list and suddenly came to the conclusion, they wouldn't work...help...😛 I knew peripherals and their associated ports were different but never took the time to understand why. I was embarrassed to be so far behind the tech curve. I'm an old-school builder who let laptops take over my life, I allowed my brain to get lazy❕ You sir are an exceptional instructor and I have learned my lesson...indeed...I'm 70 young and getting back to what I loved doing...building ridiculous bad-ass machines 😎 Your video is very concise and comprehensive. I'm up to speed (pun) now and my list will actually work...I thank you and look forward to more of your instruction 😊

Perfectly & clearly demonstrated After 40 years with PC's I'm learning, here, all the time. Thank you.

Someone who knows what he's talking about and can explain it clearly and simply without wearing a baseball cap the wrong way around. Well done. (CTUK! For Ever!)

I was in school when I learn about PCI slots VGA parallel ports serial ports and many more.thank you sir for taking me back to the memories.😇

THE PERFECT TEACHER,PRETTY SIMPLE NOT LOOKING FOR VIEWS BUT STUDENTS LIKE ME

@eknaap8800

4 жыл бұрын

Why are you YELLING?

Thank you for explaining PCIe so clearly. The reference back to the old ISA is highly relevant for understanding its development.

It's so nice to watch and listen what we had then and what will have now. I can't help but imagine what will come next in the future.

I’ve been tinkering with computers for almost 30 years now, so this really brought back memories as well as actually putting things in perspective. Well done and love to see more on the evolution of just what has been hiding inside those beige boxes over the years.

@BboyIllusi0n

5 жыл бұрын

I have a question since you said you've been working on computers for 30 years. I have a laptop with integrated graphics card nvidia 1060 6GB card. I am trying to run a triple monitor setup in extended mode (only have 2 monitors at the moment) but heres my question & what ive run into (question at the end). When I had 1 monitor hooked up with DisplayPort cable to DisplayPort MST hub > laptops mini-displayport, I was getting 144hz 1080p (monitor runs those specs). when I connected my 2nd monitor, I was able to get 1080p on both monitors BUT only 60hz on both monitors. im guessing my GPU isn't strong enough to power both at 144hz 1080p right? heres my Q. Can I hook up 2 external graphics cards to run separate monitors and have my laptop run 1 "main" monitor then span with Physx nvidia panel? im looking at the Msi Geforce gaming 1070ti for GPU's. heres my diagram. left-side monitor: [[GPU {DP cable} > monitor > ; GPU > Thunderbolt 3.0 MST dual hub adapter > Thunderbolt 3.0 port on laptop]] middle monitor: [[monitor DP > DisplayPort MST hub > mini-display port on laptop]] right-side monitor: same setup as left side monitor since I would have a 2 port Thunderbolt adapter connected to laptop. hope this isn't too confusing sorry im a little new to the PC world. I just want 1080p 144hz on all 3 monitors for gaming. thanks!!

@BlackEpyon

5 жыл бұрын

XxBEFALLENxX Which laptop do you have? My main computer rig has 2 1920x1080 (aka, 1080p) monitors, and 2 1080x1024 monitors (spanning about 6 feet across my desk). The larger your "desktop," as denoted by the total pixel count, whether it be across one giant monitor or multiple smaller ones, the higher the performance cost to run it. A 1080p monitor, at 1920x1080 resolution, has 2,073,600 pixels. A 4K monitor is twice vertical, and twice horizontal of the 1080p monitor, at 3840x2160 resoultion, which amounts to.8,294,400 pixels. To run a 4K monitor at the same framerate you were used to on the 1080p monitor, you literally need 4 times the graphics power as you used for the 1080p monitor. Likewise, if you're gaming laptop has a built-in 1080p display (as does mine), and you are running two external monitors at 1080p, then your effective desktop space is 5760x1080, which means that with two external monitors, the GPU has to work 1/3 harder than if it was just running one external monitor. To cope with these limited resources, it has to give somewhere. The reasonable way to manage this is to reduce the refresh rate so that all 3 monitors can be run simultaneously. Laptops generally aren't well suited for gaming because even those that are specifically designed and marketed for it, despite the horrendous price tags, go obsolete quickly. If it had a 1070 or 1080 chipset, maybe it could do it, but I don't know off hand. Some of these gaming laptops have the GPU on a discrete card, allowing for SOME upgradability, but these will always be proprietary, and cost an arm and a leg. If you're looking for a gaming rig, a desktop is always the better way to go unless you NEED that portability. Now, if I understand correctly, you've turned off the laptop's built-in screen and are running 3 external monitors; one over the mini-DisplayPort, and the other two running off of a Thunderbolt hub? Thunderbolt 3.0 can transfer at up to 40Gbps, but running two monitors from a hub splits that bandwidth between both monitors, so they both only receive data at 20Gbps, which could also be the cause of your performance drop. 2,073,600 pixels at 32-bit color (32 bits/pixel) is 66,355,200 bits, and times 60Hz requires a bandwidth of 3.98 Gbps (3,981,312,000 bits per second) or at 144Hz, 9.55 Gbps. So it SHOULD be able to run both monitors at 144Hz. Perhaps the software detects that there are multiple devices on the bus and scales it down by a pre-set rate? I'm not sure. If the laptop has an HDMI port as well, you might also try running one monitor off of the HDMI, one on the mini-DisplayPort, and one off of Thunderbolt, that way your only bottleneck will be the GPU itself. Otherwise, you might have to get comfortable running your two secondary monitors at 60Hz, and your main monitor at 144Hz if it does that. Typically, the one you want at high speed will be your primary anyways, unless you're spanning the entire game across all three monitors.

@BboyIllusi0n

5 жыл бұрын

BlackEpyon dang thanks so much for your In-depth response! So I have the Msi gs63vr 7RF I have 16GB CPU RAM and the NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1060 GPU with 6GB graphics card. That is my laptop. My monitors are the Msi MAG24C capable of 144hz refresh rate and 1080p. I have only 2 monitors hooked up and I don't have a 3rd monitor yet however I came across this issue(not issue just nuisance I guess lol) ill clarify again so we're on the same page and no misunderstanding occur haha at first I was running 1 monitor @144hz/1080p with PC screen disabled connected via DisplayPort cable to DP MST hub adapter to mini display port on laptop. Bought 2nd monitor and hooked up via DP cable to MST hub (it has 3 DP connections and other end is the mini-DP to PC). So then I encountered this issue. With 2 monitors ON (set to extend mode) and PC screen disabled, I was able to get 1080p but both run 60hz now. My plan is to run 3 monitors at full specs 144hz 5760x1080p extended mode, PC screen disabled for gaming bcuz if I spent the $$ for those monitors then I want to get the full use out of them. Originally I didn't know that it would cause it to drop refresh rate since I was told my laptop can support 3 monitors with the 1060. I'm a noob to the PC world so I thought it was simple plug and play and my GPU can support it. So I understand now that yes it can run 3 monitors however not at what I'm asking for it to do. I started researching and found that yes bandwidth drops because of what you're asking it to do and signal splits like u said. That's understandable to me now lol. I asked a frys electronics tech guy and he said to run 2 monitors off a thunderbolt 3 adapter because that'll get me the 144hz/1080p and 1 monitor off the miniDP because it's limited for its bandwidth BUT he said I'll most likely need a 1080ti desktop GPU for the 2 monitors ,which is what ive been looking into, to run the signal that I want. So now I'm thinking with the idea that I need an external GPU with PCI-E adapter for laptop, power supply for GPU, the enclosure, and then cables to connect. Am I on the right track on what I'm looking to do? I don't want to run 1 at full spec and the other 2 at 60hz and reason I don't want a desktop is cux at the moment I use this laptop for work too and I like the mobility anyways. I understand desktop is best for this but I just don't like to be stuck to one place all the time. I don't mind blowing lots of money on building this cuz it's honestly kinda funtrying to figure it out. I was an auto tech for 6 years so I know ppl who could make me a custom open air frame/enclosure for the GPU (or two 1070ti GPUs if needed; each 1070 runs 1 monitor and laptops 1060 runs last remaining monitor which would be 1; if that's even possible) again thanks for the in depth response. I hope we can figure this out together lol let me know what you think and suggest. There is no budget idc how much it costs.

@BlackEpyon

5 жыл бұрын

XxBEFALLENxX Fabricating an enclosure for an external video card isn't the issue, as is connecting the thing. Laptops don't have PCIe 16x slots, so the only way to connect one electrically is to use something line this: www.aliexpress.com/item/Mini-PCIe-to-PCI-express-16X-Riser-for-Laptop-External-Graphics-Card-EXP-GDC-BTC-Antminer/32861648447.html?spm=2114.search0104.3.1.4a842006VKhknt&ws_ab_test=searchweb0_0,searchweb201602_4_10065_10068_10130_10547_10059_10884_10548_10887_10696_100031_10084_10083_10103_10618_10139_10307,searchweb201603_60,ppcSwitch_0&algo_expid=958c50c3-6792-4c5e-a9f9-ab7af45b1ae5-0&algo_pvid=958c50c3-6792-4c5e-a9f9-ab7af45b1ae5&priceBeautifyAB=0 You'd still need to purchase an external PC power supply, and this would only work IF your laptop had a free mini PCIe or NGFF slot (depending on the type of adapter you get), for which you might need to remove the Wi-Fi module. I can't tell what your laptop has for internal slots, the specs don't say. Here's the problem though: That slot only has a single lane (PCIe 1x, for running a Wi-Fi card, etc), and the video card needs the full 16 lanes to run at it's full capabilities. You might be able to get the card itself to output at 144Hz, but the signal from the laptop over PCIe 1x will limit the gaming framerate on that card to 1/16th of what it would be in a desktop PC, regardless of what the refresh rate is. These gadgets are designed for bitcoin miners, who use GPUs for their high number of floating point calculations . They're not not designed whatsoever for gaming, so while the adapter is cheap, purchasing a video card would be a colossal waste of money. You won't make much money off crypto-currency mining anyways unless you've got a server farm (the whole "make money at home doing nothing" thing is a marketing wank scam). Try using the HDMI port on your laptop. It's supposed to do 4K at 60Hz, so it should have no trouble doing 1080p at higher refresh rates. You'd have HDMI, mini-DP and Thunderbolt, each going to it's own monitor. That's your best bet at getting this to work as you intend. Otherwise, you're going to have to accept that there ARE limits to what you can do with a laptop, no matter how much you spend on it. "I spent the $$ for those monitors then I want to get the full use out of them." Waste of money unless you're planning on stretching the game over all three monitors, but hey, it's your dime. I only game on my MAIN monitor (at higher refresh rate) and use the others for FIrefox, windows media player, windows explorer, etc which DON'T need such a high refresh rate.

Hey, Chris.... This was another *excellent video,* which included a delightful journey down memory lane (at least it did for me). I'm now 18 years into retirement from a career in technology that began with using a Texas Instruments TI-994A in 1981, and an Osborne 1 "portable" computer running CP/M in 1982. Although building custom PCs and servers wasn't the primary focus of my career, by my retirement in 2000, I had built just under 100 custom systems for specific-needs clientele. So, it was nice to revisit some of the hardware basics of yesteryear. Thanks again, Chris, for the informative "deja vu all over again" video. Your videos, as always, reflect the highest level of professionalism and knowledge. Kind regards, T. Phoenix, AZ USA

I haven't built a PC for years. Even though this video has been 5 years old, it really helps me to catch up with the brief PC slot history at the beginning. Thank you very much for putting this video together!!

a lot of people could learn from this video on how to make explanatory videos., it's so clear and to the point. I needed this info, thanks a million!

A fantastic video, you deserve your own TV show, as they used to do in the 80's and 90's....where they actually 'explained' computing...I think people have forgotten again....you need to relearn them Chris!

A Sunday morning watching Explaining Computers stimulates again...these are videos that open doors, and that is a good thing... And please count this as a vote for a ‘history and evolution of motherboards video!’

PCIe very well explained. I felt nostalgic when I saw those late 80's and 90's ISA and AGP type slots. Thanks for the video.

i used to be really interested in PCs 20 years ago. Forgot everything and had to start from scratch recently when I wanted to get a computer made for me and had to choose components. This is a perfect vidoe for bringing me up to speed. PCI slots sure bring back memories! Thank you for this video. PS: Your English is the kind that my RP teacher is teaching me, so double thanks!

"PCI is one of the unsung heroes of PC technology." Understatement of the decade. On the software side, everything after PCI works the same in principle (PCIe introduced the memory mapped configuration mechanism, but it essentially works the same as the port-based one before). And that's because they all allow automated discovery of system resources. Which sounds dry as bones, so here's the upshot: Never worry about ports, memory register bases and DMA channels again. And especially never configure them with a jumper on the new card again.

@songersoft

5 жыл бұрын

I love you PCI. qq

@siliconaudio

5 жыл бұрын

Also, PCIe got rid of physical IRQ lines. IRQs are packetised over PCIe

@d.romero3014

5 жыл бұрын

Oh those gloriuos days whey you have to move jumpers here and there to make an ISA card to work with no conflict... they are gone forever... luckly.

@Sembazuru

4 жыл бұрын

Did PCIe really introduce the automatic configuration? Amiga computers had their own Zorro slot standard that had autoconfig. And for all I know the Zorro slots may not have been the first. Or is it just more accurate to say that PCIe brought auto configuration to mass market computers?

@Korn1holio

4 жыл бұрын

@@siliconaudio OMG, I remember setting DMA, IRQ etc stuff just to make my Sound Blaster Pro work...

Oh man, those two first motherboards take me back! my first computer was a pentium clone back in 1997, in 2002 I learned how to assemble computers using that and a pentium II, I learned a lot of things that I never used after that, and I don't I'll ever use because you don't need to set a CPU's clock speed with jumpers for computers that came later. I distinctly remember the PCI and ISA ports! and the dimm memories!

You are actually the best! I've searched for hours now about PCIe slots and what they are used for and I didn't get any clear explanation until I stumbled upon this video! I showed it to my dad and he loved the video. Both of us have liked the video and are now subscribed! I have also recommended this video to anyone that is starting out in pc building and they have also found it helpful! I hope your channel grows infinitely and you can continue helping other people :) tysm!

Excellent, very educational, clear and full description of PCIe slots explained in rarely found, exquisitely versed English. I thank you, sir, for all your uploads, which set a very high standard of professional knowledge, serious yet modest presentation style and respect to your viewers' time. I second the view that your channel is nothing short of a goldmine of IT information. Please keep uploading videos.

I love watching these, seeing those "old" motherboards not only makes me feel equally old, but takes me back to a time when that was fastest thing ever!! We had one table row of Apple II's for our entire computer/typing class lol

Another home run Chris! Years ago I used to read Mark Minassis books on computers (mid 90's). At the time I found them very useful. You fill in a lot of blanks for me with the newer technologies. So a 10th grade dropout who builds and maintains systems for many people thanks you from the bottom of his stupid heart ♥!

You must be a natural-born talented instructor, your videos are enjoyable and rewarding to watch! THX!!!

@ExplainingComputers

3 жыл бұрын

Wow, thank you!

This is a great video that explains everything, even all the questions I was thinking of as I was watching the video. This video was extremely well-thought-out. I've seen a number of videos from this guy and I have to say he is a fantastic teacher. I have definitely subscribed to this channel.

I love the coverage of information in this particular video! short and clear! best Ive seen so far. Getting ready for my A+

Very informative Sunday, as always 👍. It would be a good idea to cover how RAM and RAM modules has changed. From Static RAM on early PCs, ferrite core memory (first kind of DRAM?), change to DRAM in 8-bit era and then SIMM, DIMM, DDR, DDRx, RAMBUS. Maybe event a bit about cache memory in 386, 486 and why cache-less Celerons were so incredibly slow.

@ExplainingComputers

5 жыл бұрын

For a long time I have been planning a video from RAM, from magnetic core storage on onwards! I really must get to making it.

@Darek80

5 жыл бұрын

Good idea, my first pc was 4MB ram (386 dx 40MHz). I will be wait for this topic.

@skakdosmer

5 жыл бұрын

My first computer had 512 KB RAM, which I upgraded to a whopping 4MB which is as much as The Operating System (TOS 1.4) can handle. I don't use it much now, but it still works fine for certain things.

@SergiuszRoszczyk

5 жыл бұрын

I started with Atari 65XE with 64 kB of RAM. Then moved into PC world with Hyundai Super 16V PC/XT with whooping 640 kB of RAM, 10 MHz 8088 CPU, EGA graphics and single DSDD 360 kB 5,25” floppy drive. No hard drive of course.

@techtruth9077

5 жыл бұрын

Great idea! My first PC in 1994 was. a 486 DX2 with 4MB ram. It was back in the day when you went to a shop and talked to a salesman about what components you wanted in the machine and they ordered them and built the computer for you.

You're a rockstar. So grateful for your amazing videos and talent for explaining everything in such a delightful and engaging way. I binge-watch your videos, studying for my A+ exam. Forever, my favorite teacher.

I, too, have been doing PC tech work for quite a while (since early 1990s). In fact, I still have a functioning 486, but my 386s and 286s are long gone. I do sometimes miss the early days because it felt like a whole new world was opening up and that somehow produced wonder and excitement that I don't feel today. Not that I now know everything, far from it, but it was neat being a part of a small percentage of people who could do PC builds, repairs and upgrades. I am guessing that, at that time, only 20-25% of households had PCs. I recall doing in-home repairs or at least initial troubleshooting, especially for older folks. A lot of hours for little pay, but a lot of reward from fixing machines and helping folks.

thanks for explaining (and very accurately, indeed!) what PCIe slots are, to a student who is studying medical sciences. the crafts of IT and medical sciences couldn't be farther apart, but thanks to you, I understood what the slots are for, how they're backwards and forwards inter-compatible, and even learned a thing or two about lanes! thanks, good luck, and love from India! :)

@brujo_millonario

2 жыл бұрын

They're not so far apart these days; when you think about learning medicine in general (anatomy, physiology, etc.), communicating with the patient and the computers used in radiology to obtain and see the data of different studies; tomography, MRI, etc.

Excellent video! Your video covered the same material I covered when I was teaching at the university. The only thing I would have added to the content is a mention of IBM's Microchannel architecture which had some of the benefits of PCI before PCI was on the market. A series on the evolution of motherboards is an excellent idea. As always, thank you for an excellent video and keep up the awesome work you are doing.

@jogon1052

5 жыл бұрын

I agree. These explanations regarding how PCs have evolved are fascinating. Thanks Chris.

@edwardwilliams3743

5 жыл бұрын

Damn Tom, you stole my thunder.

I haven't built a rig since 1998 but have recently got the bug to make a water cooled machine. This channel is a great resource for me. Had a lot of unanswered questions about PCIe, this video answered them all!

@ExplainingComputers

4 жыл бұрын

Good luck with your build!

I love this man. I'm on a journey to learn the basics of pc hardware. Then I plan to build my own PC one day. Thank you kind sir, have a blessed day!

@ExplainingComputers

6 ай бұрын

Thanks for this. I have a PC hardware basics video here -- in my view, the best video I have ever made: kzread.info/dash/bejne/oIioxqeSgsueh6w.html You may also want to checkout the ExplainingComputers hardware page, which links into loads of hardware videos: www.explainingcomputers.com/hardware.html Good luck with your journey. :)

Honestly the best Pci vid on youtube, the structure, layout and the order you explained this is tremendous!

This was interesting and useful - however I had hoped you were going to go 1 step further and talk about how the data gets from the slot to the CPU and point out how in some cases the slots use “shared” pathways and sometimes they have variable numbers of lanes. (ie we have an Asus motherboard with a x16 slot - but it’s only a x16 if we leave another spot empty. If we put something in the other spot, the original x16 spot becomes a x8 or x4 slot)

@vasilis23456

4 жыл бұрын

Most CPUs don't have that kind of bottleneck and I don't believe motherboards do either. Most CPUs have lane limits up in the 20s and the newest ones hit the 40s.

@Tenly2009

4 жыл бұрын

It would most often be a motherboard limit - not a CPU limit - and it completely depends on how many PCI slots (and what type) the motherboard manufacturer decided to offer. We have a 9700K and an Asus ROG motherboard that has a “conditional” slot.

@white_mage

4 жыл бұрын

the n° of lanes depends on the chipset it think

@gaborenyedi637

4 жыл бұрын

This is because you have a cheap motherboard. The problem here that if you populate everything, they run out of lanes (CPU limitation; this is an Intel CPU, isn't it?). The best solution for this is a PCIe switch (much like an ethernet switch); with a switch you can put multiple cards onto the same lane, and they lose performance only when you use the cards at the same time. However, it is cheaper to assign lanes statically at boot time (a few transistors can easily select the right card).

@andreika6681

4 жыл бұрын

@@vasilis23456 i've h310 mobo, if besides cpu and ram i plug my x16, m2, 3 satas and ram i AM a couple of lanes above the total capacities of all of my periferals combined. sure, it's nothing dramatic, but it's useful to know somtimes when all of the sudden you see your data copy speeds 4 times below drives specs (after i moved to z370 and separated the drives in the best way i always get 70-110MBps read/write speeds on mechanical satas, on h310 i'd hit 10-20MBps bottlenecks quite often...

well thank you for all ur hard work, know folks sill watch UR 4 year OL videos in 2022 and will continue to be watched in the future.

Watching videos like this makes me feel like I'm back at high school!

My current lackluster hardware, that Del Optiplex 330 motherboard has ONE of these PCI-E slots. Just one. There's also two other expansion slots, but I don't know what they are exactly... I love watching videos on old tech. They're fun, fascinating, and the nostalgia trip is a nice bonus. Same with old games, especially the history of games like Tetris and such.

@BlackEpyon

5 жыл бұрын

Gotta be careful with those brand name desktops. Some of them, such as the HP dc5700 (I've worked with a number of these units) have what looks for all intents and purposes like a 16x slot, but is designed ONLY for a proprietary expansion card. If you try to put a video card in one of these, it'll just give you an error code.

@darketernal3

5 жыл бұрын

The two white slots are PCI. He talks about them at 1:50 and shows them at 2:02. The 4 he's pointing out are white just like yours; Yes they're bit older interfaces but some cards run fine with them.

@BlackEpyon

5 жыл бұрын

That's what it looks like, yes. The colour of the slots is completely arbitrary. They come in any colour the manufacturer wants. I've seen black, red, neon green, etc. Sometimes they will be colour coded, sometimes not. Usually, at least the primary slot is a different colour, but not always.

Really good quality video. I already knew 80% but this video illustrates everything so well that nobody should have any trouble understanding how PCIe works and what it is. Good job, and please do that video on the entire motherboard. I'm subscribing!

FINALLY A PLAIN ENGLISH EXPLANATION! I've been searching for a while now and no one else has been able to explain this to me. Thank you!

christopher, I cannot say THANK YOU enough times to express how grateful I really am to watch this video!! I've worked minimum wage customer service jobs for the last 7 years and I've decided I want to break into tech so I've started with CompTIA as my foundation and yea, everything in this book absolutely stumps me BUT as I'm learning PCIe I came across your video and it's truly helped me understand PCIe sooooooooo much more!! Now I can re-read this books information on PCIe and understand it easier, because you explain it and help me visually understand it so well. Thank you AGAIN!!

@ExplainingComputers

2 ай бұрын

Thanks for this, and good luck with your CompTIA. All of my similar hardware guides are listed and linked on this page: www.explainingcomputers.com/hardware_guides_videos.html

@MarrisaBliss

2 ай бұрын

Thanks! and ahhhhhhhhhhh thank you so much for linking that! BOOKMARKED IMMEDIATELY. @@ExplainingComputers

@jirehla-ab1671

Ай бұрын

​@@ExplainingComputerscan a dual nvme expansion card work with x8x4x4 pcie bifurcation? What would / should happen if i set it to x8x4x4?

Thanks Chris! Every Sunday morning like clockwork! You are on of the few reliable things here on "The Tube!!" Great work man!

@ExplainingComputers

5 жыл бұрын

Thanks.

Chris, thanks for another informative video. In the early 1980s, my first work micro was a Z80 based NorthStar Horizon with a maths co-processor added via its S100 expansion bus. For number crunching, this £3500 computer gave me about 70% of the power of the £30,000+ PDP 11/34 that I had been previously using.

@ExplainingComputers

5 жыл бұрын

How things have changed!

Thanks! I’m a girl studying for my CompTIA a+ test and your video helped me a lot to understand what it is. I appreciate the effort you put into making this video and showing all the motherboards! It made a big difference for me ❤

@ExplainingComputers

3 ай бұрын

Thanks for your support, and good luck with your studies.

@veracad

3 ай бұрын

@@ExplainingComputersthank you 🙌

1 data lane = PCIe x1 4 data lanes = PCIe x4 8 data lanes = PCIe x8 16 data lanes = PCIe x16 Then PCIe 1.0 = 1 speed PCIe 2.0 = 2 speed PCIe 3.0 = 3 speed PCIe 4.o = 4 speed PCIe 5.0 = 5 speed You are the best teacher. I like

I really got into computers during the evolution of VLB and PCI. I used to read the many computer magazines that would have info-graphics explaining all the new technology and standards. I let my subscriptions lapse once they started favoring Windows 95 over OS/2 coverage. Since that time, I've lost touch with the various iterations of many aspects of computing, including PCIe. This video was very educational for me. I had no idea version numbers represented speed, while x numbers represented numbers of channels. (I'd always assumed x was speed, much like with CD-ROMs!)

@magmajctaz1405

5 жыл бұрын

@Sean Mondout Back then, I was a broke teen, primarily interested in word processing for school, and games for entertainment. I depended mostly on freeware and shareware applications. I don't remember which software I used that was no longer supported by OS/2 and when. Your suggestion that OS/2 was slow, presumably compared to Windows 95, is inaccurate, in my experience, at least. OS/2 HPFS was a more advanced file system than Windows FAT. (Was it FAT32 by then?) OS/2 also had the ability to identify file types without the limitations of file extensions. OS/2 also handled unstable programs better than Windows 95 did. The BSOD didn't become infamous for it's rare occurrence. OS/2 was superior when it came to handling rogue software. Windows 95 was still limited by booting on top of MS-DOS, which likely also lead to its inherent instability. Instability that I don't think was really resolved until XP, at least. (That's when I observed a technological leap in reliability in the Windows product line.) As for OS/2 being dead before the release of Windows 95, I beg to differ. OS/2 Warp 3 release date: 10/1994 Windows 95 release date: 08/1995 OS/2 Warp 4 release date: 09/1996 Windows 98 release date: 5/1998 The argument can be legitimately be made that OS/2 was dead before the release of Windows 98. I held on until Windows 98 SE, when I switched over. I give Microsoft credit for being marketing geniuses. They made their product look pretty, and they convinced a lot of retailers that pre-installing Windows was mandatory. But they were unable to make a stable, robust OS, for several more iterations.

I really enjoy your content and this video especially. I am a huge visual learner, and concepts like these were really hard for me to understand. Thank you for taking out the motherboards and showing us each and every way to go about these ports. I learned a lot in this short amount of time :)

Technician for 30 years and I learned something new here!

That's how you do an explanation video: No annoying background music, straight to the point, lots of practical examples (instead of just some narcisstic guy talking into a camera)... ...here - have my upvote 👍

@ExplainingComputers

2 жыл бұрын

Thanks! :)

I drooled all over the ISA motherboards in this video. I still have one in current use for retro games. It's an INTEL 440bx board Slot 1 with a pentium 3 500mhz. I believe it has 3 ISA slots which I populate with old ESS ISA sound board. It Also has the AGP 2x slot and 3 PCI slots. For History sake I should aslo mention I have a socket 7 board with the old AMD k6-2 300mhz cpu. Fully working order as well as I maintain my stuff and try to preserve it since this tech is no longer easy to get. The socket 7 board is ONLY PCI and ISA slot's with NO AGP except for the so called built in ATi rage which they claim runs at 2x agp. Mr Barnatt this is a very well presented nostalgia trip for me and I love your videos. Thank you for being you mate.

@ExplainingComputers

5 жыл бұрын

Great to hear that you still have a board with ISA slots still running. :)

@retropcscotland4645

5 жыл бұрын

Some things you just never part with. I used to have a very old Pine ISA graphics card as well. I think it had a whopping 512kb of memory on it lol. Alas I lost it in a move which was a shame because it was functional. They do not make the hardware like they used too.

@johnm2012

5 жыл бұрын

@@retropcscotland4645 I still have my Orchid Fahrenheit 1280 ISA video card.

@lonniegibson7675

5 жыл бұрын

Right on i had a k62 550mhz gigabyte board with 5 pci, agp2 witn nvidea vanta 16 MB vram, soundblaster live value, my first pc, loved it☺ also w98 se lol correction 3pci and 2isa 20 GB hd in 2001

@CanuckGod

5 жыл бұрын

Still remember when VESA Local Bus ISA cards were a thing... we've come a long way indeed :)

Recently, I started getting interested in computers, especially Mini-ITX. I'm planning to use Mini-ITX put inside of Nintendo Entertainment System shell. Which is making a portable or Desktop PC. I was very struggling to find the information about the PC I need, but thanks to you that I could learn about the parts from a computer or a computer. THANK YOU!

I came here confused about PCIe versions and speeds and I left feeling like a PCIe guru, thanks a lot 👍

This was an Outstanding video on PCIe slots. Your demonstrations and explanations were excellent and easy to understand (rare in IT world). One of the best IT videos I have watched, and vastly increased my understanding of the subject. Your simple language and explanations in plain English really helped for those who are not IT Geeks.

@ExplainingComputers

2 жыл бұрын

Thanks. :)

Very clear explanation of the PCIe bus that confused me so many year. I would definitely check out your other video's. Keep up your good work gentleman.

Looking forward to your motherboard video. I remember the introduction of slots from ISA on, I learned some things today though, thanks.

You are the best computer teacher in the world. Please continue your valuable effort.

@ExplainingComputers

3 жыл бұрын

Thank you, I will

Absolutely wonderful! I go back to S100 bus days. ISE, EISA, etc. pluse VME bus. Thank-you for the trip down memory lane. I changed careers and haven't kept up, so your tutorial on PICe was just what I needed. Thank-you again.

Well I just learnt more about PCIe which has quite possibly has changed the way I build computers from now on. I rarely like or comment on videos, you've done well!

Great video! Great detail in explaining pcie architecture. Answered many questions I had regarding an old PC I am trying to upgrade graphics on. Thanks!

Coming here from Linus's video as I half understood what he said and didn't quite catch the thing. But this one makes it crystal clear!

@ExplainingComputers

5 ай бұрын

Thanks for watching!

Wow .... BEST SPENT 11 minutes .. what an amazing video .. I wish you launch a course for buses, peripherals etc .. and I would pay for such a course .. worth it.

Small tip, if you want to preserve the old boards, please remove the batteries while in storage.

@ExplainingComputers

5 жыл бұрын

Very good point.

@andygozzo72

5 жыл бұрын

shouldnt matter if they're coin cell lithium types, they very rarely leak, the same cant be said for those 'barrel' nicad/nimh types.... whip them out on sight, even if it looks ok at the time, it will leak eventually... they seem to nearly always be soldered to the board, bad idea, they should've used sockets/holders..as with coin cells..

@Ziplock9000

5 жыл бұрын

Indeed. Tons of old Amigas have been destroyed because of old batteries corroding traces on the MB

@popespalace823

4 жыл бұрын

I just smash the motherboards of my old computers, I don't want anyone stealing my data.

Wow. Excellent explanation. Presenting everything about PCIe from any angle imaginable. Presented in a cool easy manner, introducing terms in layman's language, and building up the tempo etc. This is how educational videos should be done. Super. Already subscribed.

This Channel has great videos I Love how you keep your videos to the point, concise, and lean, and the illustration is wonderful, this the key to the success of this channel. Keep up the Good work Chris. Excellent Job

@ExplainingComputers

4 жыл бұрын

Thank you very much!

Brilliantly clear & concise explanation of something I didn't fully understand- thanks

Thanks for the post, I'm right in the middle of trying to sort out what goes where on an old board so it was very timely. Excellent explanation. 👌

This is an incredibly well done video. I had a few things I wanted to learn, and I got all those questions answered and learned a bunch extra, plus confirmed a few things I did know. Thank you for the wonderfully done video, I’ll have to look at more of your work here!

@ExplainingComputers

Жыл бұрын

Thanks for watching. :)

Really useful, clearly delivered explanation. Particularly enjoyed the lanes explanation and the graphic description. Thank you. Looking forward to watching more from your channel.

@ExplainingComputers

Жыл бұрын

Thanks for watching. :)

Thank you for generously taking the time to produce this cogent and informative material.

Very interesting video Chris, great to learn about the different motherboard architectures relating to PCIe

Excellent presentation...answered my questions...thank you. My first PC was a used IBM XT - Learned DOS on it. Today, I'm shopping around for replacement for my ten year old Intel XEON Workstation...for professional video editing. Whilst researching components and systems, I'd come across PCIe terminology I didn't recognize -- lanes. Anyhow, thanks again. Your presentation was superb.

@ExplainingComputers

3 жыл бұрын

Good luck seeking out your new PC! :)

The boredom of insomnia led me to have a look inside my pc last night and realized how little I knew about what I was looking at. This has answer a few of my questions, thanks you're a great teacher.

Thank you for explaining info on PCIe cards! Very useful, it's easier for me to understand things now.

An important point is that the AT or ISA bus was a parallel port. So with such a bus e.g. 16Bit data were distributed on 16 data lines. If all 16 bits were set, then these were read out. This required a very precise time management. With high transmission rates/frequencies it became more and more difficult to arrange the length of the traces in such a way that all bits were available at the same time. In addition, all slots shared the same data lines. So it was more and more difficult to compensate the mutual influence of the data by the different inserted expansion cards. With PCIe, each lane comes individually from the processor or chipset. So no other plug-in card influences the data of another card. With the parallel port design, only one device could use the bus while the others had to wait. With PCIe, all devices can use their own lanes at the same time. Each lane does not transfer one bit of a byte, but whole bytes. Each lane also has its own transceiver (receiver/transmitter) for each lane. So you don't have to make sure that the signals really arrive at exactly the same time and the different connected extensions don't influence each other. On modern boards there are also things connected to the PCIe that are soldered to the mainboard. Each CPU or chipset has a limited number of lanes. Depending on how many extensions you plug in, the number of lanes can also be split; so a 16 lane slot can be degraded to an 8 lane slot if you plug one card into another slot. Then the lanes that are omitted are available on the other slot. Therefore you have to read which port should not be used if you need the maximum speed at another slot. Because PCIe is so fast, only a few devices are dependent on multiple lanes. Only graphics cards, very fast network cards and hard disk controllers can process the data fast enough to use up a PCIe lane. Therefore only one lane is sufficient for most plug-in cards.

I was looking for a video for my father about pci card installation. I across this video and I'm totally linking this to him. It's excellent information that's delivered very clearly. Thank you for the video!

Being a sysadmin for 25 years, but never a gamer I never really paid attention to PCI slots beyond sticking HBAs or nics in them. This was super interesting! Thanks so much!

Yes please, Chris go back to the early days when the IBM had built-in BASIC. I had an IBM Compatible AT. The problem was the BIOS would not roll the date over. So we burnt the IBM EPROMS using a burner on an Apple 2E. I think there were 7 chips as we had to get the BASIC and if I remember right that was Cassette BASIC which I don't think was ever used. Yes please do some history.

@LordDragon1965

5 жыл бұрын

It was 5 chips, one was actually the BIOS and the other 4 were BASIC. I worked for an infamous grey marketer and cloner (check out the last few pages of old BYTE and PC Magazine to see their ads) and we used old AT motherboards on occasion as replacement boards.