Capillary Electrophoresis (Part 2): Instrumentation & Electroosmotic Flow

This video is Part 2 of 6 for the e-Lectures series of NUS Chemistry CM3292 experiment titled "Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) of Inorganic Anions".
Contents:
0:18 Instrumentation of CE
3:01 Electroosmotic flow (EOF)
6:29 Unique flat flow profile of EOF
By the end of this e-lecture, students will be able to:
1. Describe the basic instrumental setup of CE.
2. Explain the origin of EOF in terms of the Surface Chemistry of the fused silica capillary, the fixed layer, and the diffuse layer.
3. Predict the direction of the EOF when an electric field is applied.
4. Compare and contrast the Flat flow profile of EOF in CE and the Parabolic flow profile of Pressure-induced flow in HPLC.
Thanks for watching :)
Presenter: Dr Francis Chong
Producer: Dr Francis Chong
Artworks: Madebyelvis

Пікірлер: 81

  • @matej5071
    @matej50713 жыл бұрын

    I was searching for hours before I found someone who could explain this so comprehensively! Thanks a lot and keep up the great work!!:)

  • @saranshgautam3011
    @saranshgautam301111 ай бұрын

    best explanation!

  • @MrAryanthaker
    @MrAryanthaker3 жыл бұрын

    I consider this videos the gold standard for KZread technique explanation videos.

  • @FrancisChongYY

    @FrancisChongYY

    3 жыл бұрын

    Hi @Amar Thaker, thank you very much for your kind words. :)

  • @JS19190
    @JS191909 ай бұрын

    Absolutely glorious! Thank you so much for this comprehensive explanation with great visuals to boot!

  • @leewana1167
    @leewana11672 жыл бұрын

    I finally understand it. Thank you for amazing explanation and I love how all diagrams are colour coded.

  • @mimitsalavouti1314
    @mimitsalavouti13143 жыл бұрын

    Amazing video and great explanation!!! Thank you so much!!

  • @nfaraji9780
    @nfaraji97807 ай бұрын

    Very well explained, thanks Francis.

  • @mariad707
    @mariad7074 ай бұрын

    Thank you for explaining the concepts so well ! 🌷

  • @ehtishamiqbal4436
    @ehtishamiqbal4436 Жыл бұрын

    Excellent method to explain about capillary electrophoresis. Thank you

  • @shaguftashaikh9401
    @shaguftashaikh94016 ай бұрын

    Very well explained and fantastic animation. Thanks. Keep up the good work and quality

  • @SalsabeelAraby
    @SalsabeelAraby2 жыл бұрын

    very informative!! Thank you so much.

  • @bseashelley
    @bseashelley3 жыл бұрын

    This is the best explanation of this I have EVER SEEN!!! EVERRR!! You are a magnificent human being! I am sharing this with my classmates and I am subscribing!

  • @FrancisChongYY

    @FrancisChongYY

    3 жыл бұрын

    Hi @Bethany Todd, thanks for watching and subscribing. You are awesome! Thank you so much for your kind words. Glad that you find the video helpful :)

  • @sophielyons3506
    @sophielyons3506 Жыл бұрын

    Great video ! Thank you !

  • @zoecarwardine5157
    @zoecarwardine5157 Жыл бұрын

    Great explanation!

  • @desp5855
    @desp58552 жыл бұрын

    Great video thank you !

  • @raghusharma3708
    @raghusharma37082 жыл бұрын

    Outstanding

  • @saisritamkar4723
    @saisritamkar47239 ай бұрын

    Finally all doubt clear..Thank you so much sir.❤

  • @saaduddin4504
    @saaduddin45043 жыл бұрын

    Ecstatic love for your Comprehensive lecture on CE.☺️

  • @FrancisChongYY

    @FrancisChongYY

    3 жыл бұрын

    Hi @Saad Ud Din, thank you. :)

  • @user-ki8ig1mx7l
    @user-ki8ig1mx7l7 ай бұрын

    Great explanation. Thank you

  • @mirsiadulmurshalin
    @mirsiadulmurshalin2 жыл бұрын

    Really good explanation. thanks a lot

  • @JR-nw4to
    @JR-nw4to3 жыл бұрын

    Great! Thanks

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    @Falco.Ай бұрын

    What an amazing video! Took me a while to find it, I love it! Every other video talks about biology and DNA…

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    @VenkateshVenky-ml9ny2 жыл бұрын

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  • @UsamaKhan-vlog
    @UsamaKhan-vlog4 жыл бұрын

    You don't know how thankful I am for this well-explained video. I am going to present on this topic but I wasn't sure why bulk moves towards cathode even reading from different books I couldn't understand the basics phenomenon. You explained very well. Thank you once again. You have a wonderful teaching method. Could you please make a video on how Glass Electrode work? It is another topic on which I'm still confused and not sure how exactly the Glass Electrode works.

  • @FrancisChongYY

    @FrancisChongYY

    4 жыл бұрын

    Hi @Greatest Lines, thank you very much for your kind words. Glad the videos were useful :) FYI, I don't have plan for creating video on how glass electrode works yet, as it is not part of our syllabus for my students. I will definitely keep this topic and electrochemistry in mind in the future.

  • @ameyakale2739
    @ameyakale27395 жыл бұрын

    This video was amazing! Everything was explained so elegantly. Thanks!

  • @FrancisChongYY

    @FrancisChongYY

    5 жыл бұрын

    @Ameya Kale Thank you :)

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    2 жыл бұрын

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    2 жыл бұрын

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    2 жыл бұрын

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    @muhammadgatlin5174

    2 жыл бұрын

    @Tucker Langston glad I could help xD

  • @jemamassie
    @jemamassie4 жыл бұрын

    great video

  • @ayesharamzan1251
    @ayesharamzan12512 жыл бұрын

    great 👍

  • @1MoreStep1
    @1MoreStep14 жыл бұрын

    Nice editing, it was a pleasure to watch! Keep up the good work : - )

  • @FrancisChongYY

    @FrancisChongYY

    4 жыл бұрын

    @1MoreStep Thank you :)

  • @mirinalray5395
    @mirinalray53955 жыл бұрын

    This video is excellent. I literally studied only from this video and got higher marks. Thanks

  • @FrancisChongYY

    @FrancisChongYY

    5 жыл бұрын

    @Mirinal Ray, congrats on your high marks :) And thank you so much for the compliment :)

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    @khurshedakabirov86714 жыл бұрын

    This video is amazing!

  • @FrancisChongYY

    @FrancisChongYY

    4 жыл бұрын

    @Khurshed Akabirov, thank you very much for your kind words. Thanks for watching :)

  • @valentinascatizzi6406
    @valentinascatizzi64063 жыл бұрын

    thank you so much,! clear , easy understandable and detailed. I am preparing my biochemistry exam ... greeting from Italy!

  • @FrancisChongYY

    @FrancisChongYY

    3 жыл бұрын

    Hi @Sasha Romagnoli, thanks for watching. Glad that you find the video useful. All the best for your biochemistry exam :) grazie

  • @amiramnd8964
    @amiramnd89643 жыл бұрын

    Thank u soo much I can never be grateful enough

  • @FrancisChongYY

    @FrancisChongYY

    3 жыл бұрын

    No problem 😊 @amira mnd :)

  • @ranazainuddin7817
    @ranazainuddin78173 жыл бұрын

    Very well explained with animation. Thanks a lot!

  • @FrancisChongYY

    @FrancisChongYY

    3 жыл бұрын

    Hi @Rana Zainuddin, thank you very much for your kind words. Thanks for watching :)

  • @dr.nandagunawardena941
    @dr.nandagunawardena9413 жыл бұрын

    I will recommend my students to watch your videos. Nice explanation.

  • @FrancisChongYY

    @FrancisChongYY

    3 жыл бұрын

    Hi @Dr. Nanda Gunawardena, thanks for watching. Sure, please feel free to recommend the videos to your students. Hope the videos are helpful.

  • @MabMab484
    @MabMab4845 жыл бұрын

    This video help me a lot, thanks

  • @FrancisChongYY

    @FrancisChongYY

    5 жыл бұрын

    You are most welcome @Socheata Heng :)

  • @Subhamvlogs010
    @Subhamvlogs0104 жыл бұрын

    Many many thanks to you

  • @FrancisChongYY

    @FrancisChongYY

    4 жыл бұрын

    Many many thanks to you too @Kumar Subham :)

  • @WeijieYao1994
    @WeijieYao19943 жыл бұрын

    Finally a good explanation

  • @FrancisChongYY

    @FrancisChongYY

    3 жыл бұрын

    Thank you, @Weijie Yao.

  • @bushra1271
    @bushra12713 жыл бұрын

    thank you ! can you explain what is the band braodening please?

  • @kennethprata
    @kennethprata3 ай бұрын

    thank you dr chong, now i can do my lab report 🤭🤭

  • @FrancisChongYY

    @FrancisChongYY

    3 ай бұрын

    You are most welcome, Kenneth! Thanks for watching!

  • @AlCaponi
    @AlCaponi4 ай бұрын

    Caught me off guard at 06:09 with the Pokémon healing sound. Guess even Electroosmotic Flow needs a Pokémon Center visit to get its charge back up. Great explanation, thanks for the laugh!

  • @andrewdoub5145
    @andrewdoub51453 жыл бұрын

    Haha I loved your Pikachu icon!

  • @rawanmohammed9804
    @rawanmohammed98043 жыл бұрын

    You are amazing thank u ^^

  • @FrancisChongYY

    @FrancisChongYY

    3 жыл бұрын

    Hi @rawan mohammed, you are most welcome.

  • @giorgiannagrant688
    @giorgiannagrant6884 жыл бұрын

    Thank you Francis so much for this explanation! You have a lovely teaching method. You made this involved topic into an elementary one :) You refer to another lecture in the video (2:45). Would you ever consider uploading that lecture as well? :)

  • @FrancisChongYY

    @FrancisChongYY

    4 жыл бұрын

    Hi @Giorgianna Grant, thanks for watching. My apologies, for the topic on column chromatography (2:45), it was a face-to-face lecture for the students two years ago. I will keep this in mind, and might cover this topic in future videos. Thank you :)

  • @Becauseilike1
    @Becauseilike12 жыл бұрын

    Where can I find the reference "McDevitt, V. L.; Rodriguez, A.; Williams, K. R. J. Chem. Educ. 1998 75"??

  • @jnj3964
    @jnj39644 жыл бұрын

    I have two questions that are keeping me from fully understanding why the liquid move due to the electroosmotic force. 1. When I add up the number of ions in fixed layer, diffuse layer, and bulk solution, cations are greater in number than anions. But if pH is >7 shouldn't there be more anions? 2. Electrophoretic force only affects the mobility of ions, not the liquid. If the EOF moves the liquid and ions then why doesn't the EP affect the liquid but only the ions?

  • @FrancisChongYY

    @FrancisChongYY

    4 жыл бұрын

    Hi @Jeffrey Kim, thanks for watching. Thanks for the questions. 1. In the case of normal EOF, the concentration of cations is higher than that of anions in the diffuse layer, which in turn influences the direction of the EOF. However, as compared to the bulk solution, the species in the diffuse layer is just a very tiny portion of the entire system. The total charge in the solution should always be balanced. For instance, if we were to prepare a standard chloride solution, we would probably dissolve a known amount of NaCl in ultrapure water right? So there will definitely be counter cations in the solution. 2. pH tells us about the concentration of H+ ions present in the solution, but not the concentration of anions present in the solution. Perhaps you may consider the relationship between pH and pKa? For more information, please kindly refer to: www.thoughtco.com/the-ph-and-pka-relationship-603643 3. Yes, electrophoretic mobility is usually only considered for charged species, but not the neutral species. Since the driving force is the potential difference applied, only charged species will be affected. For neutral species, the electrophoretic mobility is equal to zero. Perhaps you may also refer to my other videos relevant to capillary electrophoresis? Link: kzread.info/head/PLKuPzbjZoQ2i42DW_Ss7jCrcbHEgvaXDx

  • @heksogen4788
    @heksogen47884 жыл бұрын

    Haha better than my professor xD

  • @sindupriya87
    @sindupriya875 жыл бұрын

    Doesn't anions move to the anode?

  • @FrancisChongYY

    @FrancisChongYY

    5 жыл бұрын

    Hello @sindu priya :) Yes, anions are attracted to the anode under usual circumstances. However, in the context of Capillary Electrophoresis, Electroosmotic Flow (EOF) is the major factor that governs the direction of the flow of the bulk solution. In this case, as illustrated in the video, the Diffuse Layer has higher concentration of Cations as compared to that of Anions, therefore when the voltage is applied, the Diffuse Layer will be attracted towards the Cathode, dragging the Bulk Solution (everything, including the cations, anions, and neutral species in the bulk solution) towards the Cathode. In the context of the Electrophoretic Mobility, the anions are attracted to anodes. The Electrophoretic Mobility of the charged species (anions and cations) governs their separation in Capillary Electrophoresis. If you are interested in finding out more about Electrophoretic Mobility, please feel free to check out the 3rd Video on CE: kzread.info/dash/bejne/ioqZp4-FkpOrgLg.html The overall migration rate (and direction) of individual analytes in the solution is equal to the sum of EOF and Electrophoretic Mobility. In general, EOF is greater than the Electrophoretic Mobility, therefore in the example mentioned in this video, even though the anions are attracted towards the anode (due to Electrophoretic Mobility), the resultant movement of the anions are still directed towards the Cathode due to EOF. On the other hand, in the case of Reversed EOF, the anions move towards the anode. If you are interest to find out more about Reversed EOF, please feel free to check out the 6th video of this e-lecture series: kzread.info/dash/bejne/ooRozbylery6qdI.html Thank you. And have a nice day, @sindu priya :)

  • @sindupriya87

    @sindupriya87

    5 жыл бұрын

    @@FrancisChongYY thanks for the reply.. How abt coated capillaries where eof is ruled out

  • @KBH4
    @KBH44 жыл бұрын

    2:57 because of what groups??? I don't get it.... can someone tell? like, aren't those hydroxide groups??

  • @FrancisChongYY

    @FrancisChongYY

    4 жыл бұрын

    Hi @Khush Bakht Hassan. My apologies for the pronunciation at 2:57, I meant "silanol group", which is like a hydroxide group attached to a Silicon atom. Hope this clarifies. Thank you :)

  • @KBH4

    @KBH4

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@FrancisChongYY ahh yess got it :D thank you so much :))

  • @aviksarkar6138
    @aviksarkar61384 жыл бұрын

    Sir plz upload other tool and techniques video

  • @FrancisChongYY

    @FrancisChongYY

    4 жыл бұрын

    Hi @Avik Sarkar, yes, I will try to create more videos of other Instrumental Analyses during the winter break :)

  • @ravinimavat1933
    @ravinimavat19333 жыл бұрын

    Great video but I don't understand the pronounsation of those silicon groups.

  • @FrancisChongYY

    @FrancisChongYY

    3 жыл бұрын

    Hi @Karabo Ramosamo, thank you so much for your help clarifying the pronunciation for that part. Have a great day.

  • @randomnation6992
    @randomnation69928 күн бұрын

    Watching this on 2024

  • @pascalkane3272
    @pascalkane3272 Жыл бұрын

    thx please become my proffesor My university is hiring