Capacitors are electronic components that store electrical energy in an electrical field. They consist of two conductive plates separated by an insulating material called a dielectric. When voltage is applied across the plates, positive and negative charges accumulate on each plate, creating an electric field between them. This field stores energy, which can be discharged when needed. Capacitors are commonly used in electronic circuits for filtering, smoothing power supplies, coupling signals, and storing energy temporarily. They come in various types and sizes, each suited for specific applications in electronics.
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