5-band FRAME ANTENNA - how to made

Ғылым және технология

The Frame antenna is not a new idea. It was used during the world wars. Due to its dimensions it can be used in restricted space like balcony, portable or indoors conditions. Frame antenna in this video works on 80M, 60M, 40M, 30M and a bit on 20M.
I hope you will enjoy this "how to do" film 😉👍
1st part is about the construction. In the 2nd part I will test this antenna.
web links to the source:
- ok1ike.c-a-v.com/soubory/kv_ra... (use a Google translator)
- SM0VPO design with the coupling loop: sm0vpo.altervista.org/antennas...
#FrameAntenna #homemade #hamradio

Пікірлер: 147

  • @2e0txe
    @2e0txe2 жыл бұрын

    Looking forward to the second part!

  • @JuhaK71

    @JuhaK71

    2 жыл бұрын

    Interesting! I'm waiting for the test results! Seems there is not any kind of matching circuit/antenna link like the most of the loop antennas have. But hold on, the video is uploaded just 4 days ago!

  • @ys1rs
    @ys1rs2 жыл бұрын

    Great project for the ones who have an XLY who hates antennas. This is small and I bet it works perfectly. Thanks for sharing!!!

  • @ElmerEscoto
    @ElmerEscoto2 жыл бұрын

    Very instructive! Thanks! I can' hardly wait to see your video testing this antenna!

  • @calichahta
    @calichahta8 ай бұрын

    Beautiful work, and also inspiring to watch for yours truly. Thank you for sharing this creation.

  • @HobokenHam
    @HobokenHam2 жыл бұрын

    Can't wait for the second part. Thanks for such a detailed video.

  • @automotriztechnica
    @automotriztechnica2 жыл бұрын

    Nice extensive work 👍 Looking for part 2 as well

  • @erpece
    @erpece2 жыл бұрын

    Nice build, Paul - looking forward to your report about the antenna performance.

  • @MakeDoAndMend1
    @MakeDoAndMend12 жыл бұрын

    Many thanks for sharing this project. I made a frame receiving antenna similiar to this one. But it had 2x uprights and 2 x horizontal supports so the frame looked like a noughts and crosses game shape. Supports were hardwood and had many more turns. No capacitor or wire taps. The design was based on a mw/lw design from the 1940 s with many turns of thin wire. Hours to make. Excellent Receiver aerial. Major problem was the wires expanded and shrank with age and temperature. The wood supports was supposed to expand and contract at a different rate to compensate but didn't. The wire was bare with no insulation so shorted out . I cannot remember what I did with it as it was over 30 years ago. I think it was around 6ft diameter. Cheers from old George. Looking fwd to see the tests under tx.

  • @georgkram788

    @georgkram788

    2 жыл бұрын

    Молодец, Джордж! Настоящий штормовой парень!

  • @JimmyBaevsky
    @JimmyBaevsky Жыл бұрын

    I am joining to the people who love you videos, they are not only very detailed, but also create very kind field for watchers.

  • @nicoschadjidemetriou4373
    @nicoschadjidemetriou43732 жыл бұрын

    Excellent and simple description of construction, in clear English my dear. Also i noticed a careful and accurate work. I wish you success on everything you do. Thanks a lot. My 73s, from Cyprus (5B4ER).

  • @mariot6959
    @mariot69592 жыл бұрын

    I believe this is just what i am looking for, Small, Apartment Ready and Multi band !! Your Part 2 will be my deciding factor, Thanks again 73's VE2TSM

  • @acestudioscouk-Ace-G0ACE
    @acestudioscouk-Ace-G0ACE2 жыл бұрын

    Good to follow your build, thanks for the video. I'll look out for part two now.

  • @riz94107
    @riz941072 жыл бұрын

    I built one of these in anticipation of the next video hoping to compare experience... I haven't fully tested mine because I'm waiting for a box for the variable capacitor. While wiring it up, I had a really hard time with it - imagine my surprise when I cut the wire at the end and realized it was solid instead of stranded. :facepalm: Hopefully it'll work ok! Really looking forward to part 2!

  • @tmmlrd
    @tmmlrd2 жыл бұрын

    Looking foward for the second part, too! Very interesting build. I also practice QRP only, so in the winter I need some equipment to operate from my flat! Please show how your frame antenna is actually working before the end of new year's holidays, when there is stil time to try buiding one... 🙂

  • @user-rd8tc9wz6v

    @user-rd8tc9wz6v

    2 жыл бұрын

    Привет дружище. Думаю эта антенна должна хоро работать на приём, но, на передачу видимо, только в режиме QRP., для максимальной мощности неполучится, имею ввиду P=100 и более ватт. Подобное делал на 1000-1500кгц давно когда-то в 70г.г.успехов, здоровья старина. SK 73!!!

  • @robertomoreira.deoliveira7238
    @robertomoreira.deoliveira72383 ай бұрын

    Melhor passo a passo que já vi, parabéns !

  • @kb0acl303
    @kb0acl3032 жыл бұрын

    Looking great, very beautiful antena.

  • @user-qm5vs3ik3b
    @user-qm5vs3ik3b2 жыл бұрын

    Paul dzieki za interesujace video.Porzadna konstrukcja.Pozdrawiam Rysiek SP9DTI

  • @USXPOP
    @USXPOP2 жыл бұрын

    Excellent work. Your precision is outstanding. Attention to detail is a mark of a man who produces exact pieces. Waiting and looking for part #2. W0YVY

  • @Stingmni

    @Stingmni

    Жыл бұрын

    I agree. I am a novice at these things, but I think I will aspire to be as neat and meticulous. Impressive.

  • @davepiggin8997
    @davepiggin89972 жыл бұрын

    Super construction. I'm going to give this antenna try in the new year. To help seal the shrink tube use a hairdryer or heat gun as flame can burn holes in the tubing giving no chance of being able to put another piece on. Additionally. If you have no lock nuts you can use the wife's old nail polish and put a line down the bolt thread then a blob on the end of the nut. Oxydisation between aluminium/aluminium or copper/copper/alumunium you can use an anti seize compound called copper slip. De Dave M1BTI

  • @jakebumbstead
    @jakebumbsteadАй бұрын

    Very skilled workmanship!

  • @gastello1977
    @gastello19772 жыл бұрын

    Thanks for the video. Just thought about similar project. Waiting for testing video!

  • @slcoareschannel1943
    @slcoareschannel1943 Жыл бұрын

    EXCELLENT JOB! I know English is not your native language and you still did a great job with your explanations. Just for your reference, when you say "winding" it is pronounced "Whyn-ding", or "Wine-ding". What you are saying is "wind-ing", as in a breeze outside. We all knew what you were trying to say, but I wish that when I was learning a 2nd language someone would have helped me with these little things. The more little things you know the more it sounds like you're a native speaker. You've heard of the adage, "The devil is in the details"... well, that is also true with language 🙂 GREAT JOB!!!!!!!!

  • @_southern_tiger
    @_southern_tigerАй бұрын

    Thank you for this video, with this I was able to get my first car... Very happy 😊😊

  • @kamilkovarik6203
    @kamilkovarik62032 жыл бұрын

    Ahoj Pal´o, Another of your interesting videos. I will find some interesting detail in each of them. This time I was fascinated by the measuring jig. Simple and clever. Thanks and I am looking forward to the result. Merry Christmas and good health + many new ideas in the new year. 73! ok2hby

  • @PD4GB
    @PD4GB2 жыл бұрын

    Very nice, detailed video! I'm looking forward to see the next video! I like to build antennas myself, and your video's certainly help me with that! 73's PD4GB 😊👍

  • @pd9rd
    @pd9rd2 жыл бұрын

    Very nice Paul! It wil be interesting to see how it works. 73

  • @humbertonatalini6780
    @humbertonatalini6780 Жыл бұрын

    Excelente trabajo

  • @m.a3957
    @m.a39572 жыл бұрын

    Hi Paul Thanks for sharing this nice video and the effort. I can't wait to see the part II reception test. 73, cn8yr

  • @Dr_b_
    @Dr_b_2 жыл бұрын

    Hi, instead of having the pipes screwed to the plastic plate, forming an offset cross, a PVC "S x S x S x S Cross" fitting could potentially be used, thereby making the horizontal and vertical segments aligned

  • @thogevoll

    @thogevoll

    Жыл бұрын

    I agree. If I make an antenna like this that's what I would do.

  • @tonym7cvk430
    @tonym7cvk4302 жыл бұрын

    Hi Paul will be great to see if this works another very interesting project regards to you at this time of the year

  • @KLCKLC-vi6fd
    @KLCKLC-vi6fd Жыл бұрын

    Nice build hope it works as good as it looks.

  • @user-gk9bl2zx5x
    @user-gk9bl2zx5x2 жыл бұрын

    good idea, we need to check it out!

  • @southernexposure123
    @southernexposure1239 ай бұрын

    Good video. There's a pipe connector called a "cross." It will simplify assembly and at the same time align all the pipes without any offset. The offset won't matter for performance, it will just simplify construction and allow the antenna to be constructed a little quicker.

  • @Steve-GM0HUU
    @Steve-GM0HUU2 жыл бұрын

    Paul, thanks for sharing. Nice detail on construction. Very curious to see what the antenna analyser shows and how it works on air.

  • @LA6UOA

    @LA6UOA

    2 жыл бұрын

    I agree! Please test it on VNA and on air!

  • @stewartrv
    @stewartrv2 жыл бұрын

    I'm looking forward to seeing how it performs. 🙂

  • @SuburbanDXing
    @SuburbanDXing2 жыл бұрын

    The alligator clip moment at 54:05 alone is worth the price of admission! Another cool video, Paul...thank you and 73! de WX0V

  • @AG8000
    @AG80002 жыл бұрын

    Nice work 👍👍🎄🎄

  • @pieterdutoit9642
    @pieterdutoit96422 жыл бұрын

    Hi looks good wait for the TESTING have not found it yet if done did not see thanks very nice job

  • @thogevoll
    @thogevoll Жыл бұрын

    When finding the wire a bit tight I'd go to the next larger drill bit and re-drill all the holes for the wire.

  • @gabrymir-radio
    @gabrymir-radio2 жыл бұрын

    Great job, 73!

  • @ladyattis
    @ladyattis2 жыл бұрын

    I wonder if the dead end effect is going to play a role in sapping away the effective power on transmission the way it does for variable inductors like crystal radios.

  • @stromcontainer
    @stromcontainer2 жыл бұрын

    thanks for sharing this!

  • @jamess1787
    @jamess17872 жыл бұрын

    Thank you!

  • @paultemple5566
    @paultemple55662 жыл бұрын

    Hi Paul.....This looks great, love your videos and always pick up a tip or two, can't wait to see your results with this one, have a great Xmas and super 2022 Paul, GM0EDJ

  • @wireworks616
    @wireworks6162 жыл бұрын

    Great job.

  • @mikemiles3068
    @mikemiles30682 жыл бұрын

    Great video Paul❗️ I have been thinking about building a Magnetic Loop but this one looks very interesting. 73. KV5P

  • @alexandrkontsedalov3613
    @alexandrkontsedalov36132 жыл бұрын

    Thank You!

  • @richardyoung1657
    @richardyoung16572 жыл бұрын

    If the drawing calls for 200 pf and the configuration of your is 180 divided by 2 or 90 pf, Considerably short of the 200 needed for 80 M. Of course you could add a fixed 100 pf on a switch to extend range. Also, the schematic shows the alligator clip at one turn, you have created the first tap at 0 turns, so your second tap will be at 1 turn. You could make winding easier by using a bit of math to figure out the center point of the coil, fold the wire in half, and wind both ways, such that you need not drag the entire length through all the holes.

  • @py3tam
    @py3tam2 жыл бұрын

    Congratulations OM0ET !!! I'm looking forward PY3TAM's Field tests 73

  • @lyleanderson6284
    @lyleanderson6284 Жыл бұрын

    Excellent technical work sir- if I may suggest a drill point bit for drilling pipe -less drill wander.

  • @lucianoiacoletti5725
    @lucianoiacoletti57252 жыл бұрын

    Excellent

  • @denguimond9081
    @denguimond90812 жыл бұрын

    Like to see your work👍🇨🇦😎

  • @alainblazit9504
    @alainblazit95042 жыл бұрын

    Interesting project of short wave frame antenna. Is it OK to short circuit some turns to tune the antenna ? This produce a large attenuation of the signal. I would use the crocodile to select the usefull number of turns ans let the useless turns open.

  • @mikemiles3068
    @mikemiles30682 жыл бұрын

    Can’t wait to see your test results 73. KV5P

  • @alvarogaitan2529
    @alvarogaitan2529 Жыл бұрын

    Another fantastic project 0met you Numero 0ne

  • @mike-M0MSN
    @mike-M0MSN2 жыл бұрын

    Very Nice. 😉👍

  • @redneck6879
    @redneck68792 жыл бұрын

    Thanks! Good execution. Such an antenna is needed when there are no large antennas, like I have now. I wonder how it works. Good luck!!! 73! RT9TM

  • @scharkalvin
    @scharkalvin2 жыл бұрын

    That looks like a BCB capacitor with two identical sections. The two rotor sections are usually connected to the frame of the capacitor, and while two lugs are provided, they are actually connected together. Therefore you are using only ONE section of the capacitor, which is 180pf. The other section of the capacitor is NOT used, although you have made use of its rotor (ground frame) lug for greater spacing.

  • @robinmaguire1272
    @robinmaguire12722 жыл бұрын

    Great antenna..hand s on..

  • @headshotzombies
    @headshotzombies2 жыл бұрын

    Hello ...I have another much simpler way of attaching the two cross pvc tubes together ....notch roundly, the vertical tube i/4" in the middle and using a heavy duty PVC Cement, glue the two together. The pvc can be purchased in three grades of adhesion strengths, light, medium, and high contact industrial. once set it will be like one solid piece. without screws or bolts and when the loop windings are applied the antenna will be even stronger.

  • @davemould4638

    @davemould4638

    2 жыл бұрын

    Or just use plastic conduit, plastic solvent cement and a standard 4-way junction box to make the frame. Much easier and neater!

  • @muhammadslwaey8829
    @muhammadslwaey88292 жыл бұрын

    I really applaud you for what you have done. It is a great job. Thank you for the effort you made five weeks ago. I have been following the videos about the best way to make an antenna and I found that what you have done is really the best. It is the first video I watched with this clarity and quality in work and the explanation of everything you do I also have a question about the cleanliness and arrangement. Can I replace the coiled wire system with a ferrite shaft, and how will this be done if it is possible to replace it?

  • @theblindhog40

    @theblindhog40

    2 жыл бұрын

    Agreed! I have no immediate plans to build an antenna but this is an EXCELLENT video! Waaay too many others that just zip right through a process.

  • @Stingmni

    @Stingmni

    Жыл бұрын

    Excellent comment Muhammed. This is the mark of a man who wants to help people learn. I am really impressed

  • @anatolyvasylchenko9021
    @anatolyvasylchenko90212 жыл бұрын

    Tell me what you have got the inductance values of the antenna taps for different ranges.

  • @Wingrider07
    @Wingrider07 Жыл бұрын

    Why not use a T for the center of the antenna frame?

  • @cache4pat
    @cache4pat2 жыл бұрын

    Interesting Antenna, thx for sharing. Why didn't you put the capacitor knob on the bottom?

  • @MrPapanna
    @MrPapanna2 жыл бұрын

    Has the second part of the wire antenna uploaded

  • @jankersten6212
    @jankersten62127 ай бұрын

    I'm very interested in this antenna, how did part 2 turn out? A lot of people would like to know.

  • @VFXManiac
    @VFXManiac2 жыл бұрын

    Tak tuhle jsem vyráběl asi před rokem :) Pořád nějak nejlíp funguje ten "ultralight design" od tebe. Ale co jsem zjistil, že ten funguje dobře i jako neladěná anténa, to znamená bez kondenzátoru. Sice tam není zisk, ale pro mý poslouchání v bytě docela dobrý. Zejména protože je směrová, takže se dá najít poloha s nejméně rušením.

  • @VFXManiac

    @VFXManiac

    2 жыл бұрын

    jo a neladěná verze je bez sekundárního loopu(toho malýho) a je to připojený přímo na loop s balunem 1:1, respektive s balunem "binokulárním" při použití dvou feritových trubiček z VGA kabelu. Tuším 4 a 4 vinutí proti sobě.

  • @dojohns
    @dojohns2 жыл бұрын

    excellent

  • @OM0ET

    @OM0ET

    2 жыл бұрын

    Thank you

  • @riz94107
    @riz941072 жыл бұрын

    Where did you get or how did you make that mounting tube??

  • @u0000
    @u00002 жыл бұрын

    Great video ..... waiting for the part 2 .... how this antenna performs on those bands ?? 73, Fabio IZ0IBA

  • @fpaolo63
    @fpaolo632 жыл бұрын

    yeah the 2nd part soon!! 😃🤗

  • @victoryfirst2878
    @victoryfirst28782 жыл бұрын

    Do you think it is possible to make this antenna work for TV service that is used in the USA ??? Thanks

  • @SteveH-TN
    @SteveH-TN5 ай бұрын

    Thanks for sharing your experience and video. 73 Steve AA4SH

  • @DC6NS
    @DC6NS2 жыл бұрын

    Thanks a lot for this video, Paul! I´m very upset to see how it works with the Xiegu. Got my transceiver yesterday but will unpack it not before next week at x-mas day 🙂 If the frame-antenna will work, I´ll build one also. So I´m hopefully looking forward for what You will tell us in your next video... Merry X-Mas!

  • @user-rd8tc9wz6v
    @user-rd8tc9wz6v2 жыл бұрын

    Спасибо, попробую на приём, затем, интересно, как будет работать на передачу, пересчитаю на 3000кгц.

  • @user-zs5gz9ws7s
    @user-zs5gz9ws7s2 жыл бұрын

    Fine

  • @edisonjohn6346
    @edisonjohn63462 жыл бұрын

    Grettings from Venezuela, this antenna looks pretty, but my question is .... It`s for indoor use only? 73 of YV2ESB

  • @gam67
    @gam67 Жыл бұрын

    Is it and EFHW on a frame basically ?

  • @napomania
    @napomania9 ай бұрын

    Hi! I'd like to make this for listen to 80 mt. I usually use a random wire antenna inside the house around the ceiling and the attic but it's much better to build a plastic tube frame so that we can change band with some crocodile contact 🥂🥂

  • @JimmyBaevsky
    @JimmyBaevsky Жыл бұрын

    Hello, Paul, friend! Not a bad construction, but what about wind load or you will use this tool inside only? I am afraid you had better to streghten it otherwise.

  • @jmr
    @jmr2 жыл бұрын

    Great project. Why use solder on the connectors? Wouldn't crimp connectors have less resistance and therefore better performance? I understand the oxidation issue for the tap points.

  • @lmy5pence481

    @lmy5pence481

    Жыл бұрын

    Soldering will give you a much better and solid connection, with less resistance, as it becomes as one. Laurn from the masters of the trade

  • @jmr

    @jmr

    Жыл бұрын

    @@lmy5pence481 Other "masters of the trade" tell me otherwise.

  • @tedmead465

    @tedmead465

    Ай бұрын

    Soldering like brazing requires the correct quality materials and proper skills. Solder bonds to the connector and conductor sealing out oxygen and moisture contamination. Coax shield can be soldered but requires a lot of skill to do it correctly every time. Therefore crimp type coax connectors are prefered by many. For and other connection I use crimp and solder both.

  • @jmr

    @jmr

    Ай бұрын

    @@tedmead465 I learned crimps were electrically superior from a college professor. With that said context is frequently lost and facts get twisted. I would like to see throwdown between the two techniques across a wide variety of connectors and situations.

  • @paullinnell
    @paullinnell2 жыл бұрын

    But does it work?? Power handling? Good video but won’t build until I see your assessment of it. Thanks!

  • @tedmead465

    @tedmead465

    Ай бұрын

    Yes they work well. Cap size in the design was 200 pf. Power handling depends on the capacitor spacing. Vacuum capacitors are recommended for higher power output. The downside is if you change frequency you must retune it. They do have a good null therefore good noise reduction. Caution is advised with magnetic loops as the voltage induced on the outer loop can be lethal depending on your transmitter power.

  • @mrtonicsvls3624
    @mrtonicsvls36247 ай бұрын

    How many Pf has the capacitor?

  • @billwilliams2024
    @billwilliams20242 жыл бұрын

    wire size?

  • @droelfdroelfify
    @droelfdroelfify2 жыл бұрын

    Not sure if I understood the way this antenna is supposed to work. But wouldn't the crocodile clip, attached to any of the taps of the coil, result in a (partially) shorted loop which is closely coupled to the active part of the antenna, thus worsening the efficiency?

  • @tedmead465

    @tedmead465

    Ай бұрын

    Same as in an l match tuner, the clip does short out or bypasses loops. This changes the coils inductance and therefore the resonant frequency of the tank circuit.

  • @Tom-jd1rm
    @Tom-jd1rm Жыл бұрын

    Performance?

  • @tubeDude48
    @tubeDude482 жыл бұрын

    Would have nice to have had a English translation of the page! Also, what size wire did you use? #14?

  • @PatrickDickey52761

    @PatrickDickey52761

    2 жыл бұрын

    #16 AWG is the wire size.

  • @cdlp8131
    @cdlp8131 Жыл бұрын

    Well done, but does it work?

  • @flaviodmg
    @flaviodmg Жыл бұрын

    Can I transmit with this antenna?

  • @ActivityPhoto
    @ActivityPhoto2 жыл бұрын

    I think you should make some spreaders that keep the alignment of the wires uniform all the way around the antenna, You could #d print them or use some plastic with slots for each wire that snap into the seven wires to keep the spacing equal all way around.

  • @billwilliams2024

    @billwilliams2024

    2 жыл бұрын

    Or just make wire spreaders with a collection of regular ZIP TIES.

  • @billwilliams2024

    @billwilliams2024

    2 жыл бұрын

    I also use a hot glue gun to make strips on a coil form to hold turns ..should also be able to form spreaders on these wires with that . GL

  • @W4TRI
    @W4TRI2 жыл бұрын

    I have an air variable that goes from 4pf to 341pf. Good enough?

  • @OM0ET

    @OM0ET

    2 жыл бұрын

    Yes 👍

  • @user-oz2dd6sv2j
    @user-oz2dd6sv2j2 жыл бұрын

    Do you sell these antennas ?

  • @pieterdutoit9642
    @pieterdutoit96422 жыл бұрын

    Ican not see any reply from builder Paul it looks a receiving only ???

  • @danquigg8311
    @danquigg83112 жыл бұрын

    why not use a + pipe fitting instead of fiddling with the mounting plate & drilling so many holes????

  • @NikiBretschneider
    @NikiBretschneider5 ай бұрын

    To první zapojení s krkosvorkou je nějaké podezřelé, bo užitím té krkosvorky páchám závit(y) na krátko. Tohle už jsem viděla na špuli v jakémsi antenním tuneru, kde tím řešili napětí nakmitané na odpojeném konci špule, nicméně připadá mi to přinejmenším podezřelé. Druhá věc je JAK se má vlastně navrhovat rámová anténa. Totiž. Seriová kombinace LC určitě půjde dostat do rezonance, no a mohu-li měnit jak kapacitu, tak indukčnost, půjde to v rezonanci dostrkat i do těch 50Ω, otázkou však zůstává je-li to rozumné. Já se snažila navrhnout rámovou anténu na 1.2MHz, čili střední vlny, ptala jsem se na to různých lidí, dostalo se mi mraku různých rádioamatérských plánků, ale žádného jasného postupu návrhu. Nakonec jsem to udělala diletantsky tím způsobem, že jsem stvořila LC rezonanční obvod buzený pomocným vinutím krmeným přes balun 1:9, který jsem kdysi v minulosti sehnala v jakémsi čínském shopu a vím, že funguje (přesněji řečeno mám to změřené). Nejprve jsem dostala do rezonance hlavní LC obvod, posléze jsem šolicháním s počtem závitů (a vyšlo mi to na nějaký 1¼ závitu) pomocného vinutí trefovala 50Ω na vstupu balunu. Bohužel otázka je u tohoto postupu úplně stejná - je rozumné to takhle dělat? Vím, že to, co popisuji, nějak vysílá, ale to ještě neznamená, že je to navržené správně. Nejspíš není, protože opravdu nevím jak se to má dělat.

  • Жыл бұрын

    It's a year later now, and no sign of a video showing the antenna in use. Did it actually work?

  • @OM0ET

    @OM0ET

    Жыл бұрын

    kzread.infonCDe7B6CLDg?feature=share

  • @rastislavmedzany5408
    @rastislavmedzany540826 күн бұрын

    Aký hrubý je vodič ? 1,5mm?

  • @mammumk4917
    @mammumk49172 жыл бұрын

    Hai dear U made it so nicely Congratulations. 73 by vu3zmm

  • @pieterdutoit9642
    @pieterdutoit96422 жыл бұрын

    Hi Where is the Part 2 on TESTING do not seem to happend ???

  • @OM0ET

    @OM0ET

    2 жыл бұрын

    kzread.info/dash/bejne/oHd4x5l7ZqaydMo.html

  • @tks5138
    @tks51385 ай бұрын

    送信は可能ですか? 可能なら対応出力は?

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