This lecture turns from France to the Dutch Republic and an art market driven by a large middle class. Unlike in France or Spain where the Church and crown drove the subjects and styles of produced by artists, Holland being Protestant saw the rise of new genres. The Utrecht Caravaggisti continued the interests of northern Catholics in Italian art and were very inspired by the art of Caravaggio, while Frans Hals was the most sought after portraitist with a spontaneous technique called the Rough Brush style. As the century progressed, these new approaches and genres would come to dominate and would inspire modern art.