X Inactivation and Epigenetics (2017) Etsuko Uno wehi.tv

Ғылым және технология

X inactivation is a vital process that occurs in all DNA-containing cells of the female body. It is also an important research model and tool for studying epigenetics. Epigenetics refers to processes that tell our cells how, and when, to read the DNA blueprint. The epigenetic regulation of DNA is critical in both normal development and disease.
X inactivation is a type of gene dosage compensation.
In humans, the sex chromosomes X and Y determine the sex of an individual - females have two X chromosomes (XX), males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY). All of the genes on the Y chromosome are required in male development, while the genes on the X chromosome are needed for both male and female development.
Because females receive two X chromosomes, they inherit two copies of many of the genes that are needed for normal function. Extra copies of genes or chromosomes can affect normal development. An example is Down's syndrome, which is caused by an extra copy of part or all of chromosome 21.
In female mammals, a process called X inactivation has evolved to compensate for the extra X chromosome. In X inactivation, each cell 'switches off' one of its X chromosomes, chosen at random, to ensure the correct number of genes are expressed, and to prevent abnormal development.

Пікірлер: 240

  • @Guoldisney
    @Guoldisney11 жыл бұрын

    This team are the best molecular biology animators of the world. Not only because the videos look great, but they pay a lot of emphasis in brownian motion, random collisions, molecular twitching and protein overcrowded cell compartments. Being the most accurate artist view of the molecular sized life process, duplicates the beauty. Congrats!

  • @satisfaction2009eBay
    @satisfaction2009eBay12 жыл бұрын

    These animations are easily the best media productions in the history of the universe. [tear drop]

  • @edwinismail9401

    @edwinismail9401

    2 жыл бұрын

    fact

  • @MercifulArchitect

    @MercifulArchitect

    11 ай бұрын

    if we ever meet aliens, this is what they need to see first!

  • @ozzie_goat
    @ozzie_goat9 жыл бұрын

    I love the sound effects. Splat!

  • @Justin-wm6qh
    @Justin-wm6qh Жыл бұрын

    10 years later, still one of the best if not THE best video with regards to X-inactivation ever!

  • @michasosnowski5918
    @michasosnowski5918 Жыл бұрын

    Drew Berry and Etsuko Uno are gods for making this kind of animations happen. The rest of the team also does great job. Thank you!

  • @Eduardado
    @Eduardado8 жыл бұрын

    the frightening sounds make the video more interesting for me :)

  • @eireannsg

    @eireannsg

    4 жыл бұрын

    The X inactivation is FAKE NEWS.

  • @colejohnson4941

    @colejohnson4941

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@eireannsg wut

  • @eireannsg

    @eireannsg

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@colejohnson4941 You can't even write proper English. No wonder you don't understand anything.

  • @colejohnson4941

    @colejohnson4941

    4 жыл бұрын

    @@eireannsg Wow, you just got a lot of information out of a one word reply. Anyhow, I'm just curious as to why X inactivation is "FAKE NEWS"

  • @WEHImovies
    @WEHImovies12 жыл бұрын

    Thanks everyone! @mdoerkse We use Maya for animation and After Effects for compositing.

  • @videodjuegos6914

    @videodjuegos6914

    3 жыл бұрын

    A los primeros 4 días después de la fecundación como se encuentran los cromosomas X provenientes del padre y de la madre ???? me podria explicar porfavor

  • @neccowaif9
    @neccowaif910 ай бұрын

    Those sound effects! I love how they convey how squishy it all is in there. Thanks for these videos!

  • @CzechNeight
    @CzechNeight Жыл бұрын

    I don't see anyone else use audio as a metaphor. The sound effects makes these videos so much more engaging and accessible. I love stuff at this level of science that is meant for a wide audience. AND ITS 11 YEARS OLD!

  • @TheMarcopolo83
    @TheMarcopolo8310 жыл бұрын

    The best video of epigenetic ever, no doubt!!

  • @kunalpatil4612
    @kunalpatil46127 жыл бұрын

    This was absolutely amazing, with crystal clear explanation, visual and sound effects. The best educational video I have watched so far. Thank you very much!

  • @dvorakmichalek3121
    @dvorakmichalek31212 жыл бұрын

    This is blowing my mind. I dont understand like 80% of what hes saying but in highschool these are the questions I wondered but couldnt properly ask. I wanted to see. I wanted to see what was happening. Id ask questions but the teacher would look at me like I was crazy. I love watching these videos. Life is ridiculously complicated

  • @ThiagoBenazziMaia
    @ThiagoBenazziMaia9 жыл бұрын

    Amazing work. I can just imagine the time take to made all this thousand atoms dynamics to work for the video.

  • @eireannsg

    @eireannsg

    4 жыл бұрын

    The computer did it.

  • @hilaltuncer6149
    @hilaltuncer61498 жыл бұрын

    the best animation about epigenetics...

  • @EDUARDO12348
    @EDUARDO123488 жыл бұрын

    Am pushing the like button over and over again

  • @hectorsantos4662
    @hectorsantos46623 жыл бұрын

    I'm following the playlist "Biomedical Animation by wehi.tv" and I've got to say, this is one of the most amazing and beautiful things I've ever seen. Great work.

  • @fleks16
    @fleks1611 жыл бұрын

    I absolutely love it! A whole lecture of epigenetics in 10 minutes. Hats down!

  • @geisonizidio

    @geisonizidio

    2 жыл бұрын

    Fantastic video! But we have more than just epigenetics here 😃👏🏽👏🏽👏🏽

  • @michaelqiu9722

    @michaelqiu9722

    11 ай бұрын

    Not really. You don’t know basic stuff in epigenetics like H3K27me3, Chip-seq, DNMT and TET enzymes etc.

  • @Gelatinocyte2

    @Gelatinocyte2

    10 күн бұрын

    @@michaelqiu9722 that doesn't sound like "basic stuff", you just listed names of specific proteins/DNA sequences/RNA molecules (whichever they are).

  • @michaelqiu9722

    @michaelqiu9722

    10 күн бұрын

    @@Gelatinocyte2 It's basic for people who study epigenetics

  • @Gelatinocyte2

    @Gelatinocyte2

    10 күн бұрын

    @@michaelqiu9722 you mean it's basic for *doctors* who *specialize* in epigenetic diseases. This video DOES touch upon the very basic (general basics) of epigenetics - like DNA methylation, and nucleosome modification and remodeling.

  • @nikitagupta6164
    @nikitagupta61647 жыл бұрын

    This is one of the best channels on KZread. Great information, great animation, and weird, but great sound effects as well!

  • @Xakana
    @Xakana11 жыл бұрын

    This was riveting. This was included in my Epigenetic Control of Gene Expression class. Absolutely fascinating to watch. Thank you!

  • @IntraFinesse
    @IntraFinesse8 жыл бұрын

    I enjoyed the lecture. Great animation, it helped me visualize what was going on.

  • @francisduenas4072
    @francisduenas40728 жыл бұрын

    this is one of the best descriptions + visuals

  • @nonyabizniz
    @nonyabizniz2 жыл бұрын

    How can one not be simply fascinated and intrigued by this? Outstanding video.

  • @josephnolan7364
    @josephnolan73645 жыл бұрын

    Excellent video, loved the combination of audio/visual effects paired with the soothing, laconic narrator .

  • @preslavaberkova8960
    @preslavaberkova89602 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much! The bast animations I've seen so far...

  • @thomasrademaker233
    @thomasrademaker2338 ай бұрын

    this is the most breathtaking animation of DNA. the sounds are everything

  • @ringoze
    @ringoze2 жыл бұрын

    Really like the voice-over style too.

  • @roidroid
    @roidroid12 жыл бұрын

    the sounds always really brings me into this world.

  • @iestynne
    @iestynne2 ай бұрын

    Absolutely unbelievable. It's like magic. So hard to grasp that this evolved via stochastic processes. I do wonder if human technology will ever catch up. It's just so so far ahead of us, and took such a monumental optimization process to create.

  • @hansmack6792
    @hansmack67922 жыл бұрын

    Your videos are so good! Thanks for your scientific and artistic effort!

  • @charlespendragon1742
    @charlespendragon17425 жыл бұрын

    Thank you very much! You've saved my final exam!

  • @guitarkatie
    @guitarkatie7 жыл бұрын

    i love the sound on this!

  • @mejjar
    @mejjar4 жыл бұрын

    This video is fraggin' awesome. Thank you so much!

  • @gspb4
    @gspb411 жыл бұрын

    hands down one of the best biology videos

  • @citizenofNecropoliS
    @citizenofNecropoliS11 жыл бұрын

    absolutely love the narration and sound effects!thnx!:)

  • @patriciabong20
    @patriciabong203 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much, WEHI!

  • @kimanipatrick
    @kimanipatrick10 жыл бұрын

    This is a very good clip. Great in terms of animation and explanation.

  • @marlenfalkenberg2751
    @marlenfalkenberg2751 Жыл бұрын

    I absolutely love it. Thank you very much for this video

  • @cr3flo
    @cr3flo11 жыл бұрын

    Awesome video! I think the eerie background sound and the bad ass graphics make it so engrossing.

  • @LejdiJ
    @LejdiJ10 жыл бұрын

    Awesome video and graphics!! great explanation! Thank you

  • @darleneestrada8101
    @darleneestrada81018 жыл бұрын

    I love genetics and these types of videos..matter of fact I plan to present my PHD dissertation in this format.

  • @tarka38tara34
    @tarka38tara344 жыл бұрын

    how did scientists understand all these mechanisms which are so complex and invisible, thank you

  • @fullsolangeveloso
    @fullsolangeveloso4 жыл бұрын

    A really well-done video, visual and informative

  • @Sunflower1405
    @Sunflower140510 жыл бұрын

    Great video. Great explanation. Thank you.

  • @carolblair224
    @carolblair2247 жыл бұрын

    Love the sound track!

  • @walterricardomencholavasquez
    @walterricardomencholavasquez3 ай бұрын

    Very good explanation and a wonderful video, thank you, congratulations.

  • @paramino
    @paramino11 жыл бұрын

    this is so helpful, it clears everything!

  • @mmcindy33
    @mmcindy3312 жыл бұрын

    Thank you for the AWESOME video!! HELPS A LOT!!!!!!!

  • @yuanitalangi8069
    @yuanitalangi806910 жыл бұрын

    Thank you very much....great explaining..

  • @jto1292
    @jto129212 жыл бұрын

    AMAZING. seriously, this is so useful. the animation is superb!!

  • @ShyamBhakta
    @ShyamBhakta8 жыл бұрын

    Beautiful molecular animations!

  • @retihedley6481
    @retihedley648111 жыл бұрын

    Bravo! Oncore oncore fro Aotearoa. Thank you for your amazing knowledge

  • @PresidentOfBlah
    @PresidentOfBlah3 жыл бұрын

    the animation and sound effects so scary - i forgot to actually listen to the spoken word. I LOVED IT!

  • @budekins542
    @budekins5429 жыл бұрын

    Outstanding animation.

  • @BrentLeVasseur
    @BrentLeVasseur2 ай бұрын

    Great job on the 3D animation for this video.

  • @Jindy2
    @Jindy26 жыл бұрын

    Just great! Many thanks.

  • @dummyhead3
    @dummyhead312 жыл бұрын

    Love the sound effects !

  • @hasnakhan2436
    @hasnakhan24365 жыл бұрын

    So which comes first: histone tail modifications or de-condensation (allowing TFs and histone modifying proteins to bind)?

  • @Daniela-jk3bg
    @Daniela-jk3bg2 жыл бұрын

    Loved the animations!

  • @nmkadhim
    @nmkadhim10 жыл бұрын

    Subscribed. Amazing stuff, but I would appreciate it if you go more into details. This is very general and I'm constantly looking for detailed descriptions.

  • @DanielLee-jr5fr
    @DanielLee-jr5fr6 жыл бұрын

    Excellent graphics and narrative!

  • @drouhin
    @drouhin11 жыл бұрын

    OMG. I'm female, and I'm a little freaked out right now. >:O Awesome animation, though, and a great pedagogic tool.

  • @pascalgrunder1055
    @pascalgrunder10553 жыл бұрын

    Very helpful, Thank you.

  • @yasamanmirzaee4166
    @yasamanmirzaee41662 жыл бұрын

    it was really helpful thank you so much

  • @vinniesharon477
    @vinniesharon4774 жыл бұрын

    Amazing compilation!!

  • @unknownvector1
    @unknownvector18 жыл бұрын

    This is just awesome

  • @gretela4668
    @gretela466810 жыл бұрын

    This makes me love science even more

  • @tialicious13
    @tialicious1311 жыл бұрын

    great animation! thank you so much! :)

  • @lokomomo33
    @lokomomo3311 жыл бұрын

    LOVE YOU GUYS!

  • @holyhell5050
    @holyhell505012 жыл бұрын

    Epicgenetics. Absolutely fantastic video!

  • @raffaellapippa2579
    @raffaellapippa257912 жыл бұрын

    impresive!!!!! amazingly helpful

  • @keepondev
    @keepondev11 жыл бұрын

    thank you for the great video

  • @giovannapg7532
    @giovannapg75323 жыл бұрын

    I love this video so much

  • @TechyBen
    @TechyBen10 жыл бұрын

    Nucleosome sliding? Wow. That is amazing. The fidelity and accuracy of the system is brilliant.

  • @inkajoo

    @inkajoo

    10 жыл бұрын

    considering that all this evolved over time by itself, seems the essence of brilliance itself, or perfection, isn't actually rooted in the idea of the miracle, or spontaneous creation, but rather the patient testing and selection of alternative possibilities, and openness to change.

  • @TechyBen

    @TechyBen

    10 жыл бұрын

    Roger Levy Sorry, that assumes the conclusion. I'm open to possibilities. Though I prefer what is most probable. As you say, we are required to think about these things, we cannot learn about them by selecting our beliefs by "chance". :)

  • @WellThatsSilly

    @WellThatsSilly

    7 жыл бұрын

    What you're saying really, is that if you have a jar of clock parts, and shake it for long enough, you may end up with a perfectly functioning timepiece? With the ability to not only write down its own plans, but also replicate itself by reading those plans. While the jar is still being shook.

  • @TechyBen

    @TechyBen

    7 жыл бұрын

    That is the truly difficult part of it all. Get any (mathematical, logical or physical laws) system, then arrange it such that it does exactly what simple life/cells/DNA with RNA does. It seems to leave us with two difficult conclusions. Either the space of all possible arrangements is too large to allow for a chance, or we have to accept it as a given. The two ways to look at the requirement for the unprobable to have happened, is either that all possibilities did happen, or that one was more preferred over the other. No matter how we look at it, life is unique, and not mundane.

  • @regulate.artificer_g23.mdctlsk

    @regulate.artificer_g23.mdctlsk

    2 жыл бұрын

    @@WellThatsSilly that's not how evolution works.

  • @asifdawar9302
    @asifdawar93025 жыл бұрын

    Awsome collection

  • @VicKyCusTard
    @VicKyCusTard8 жыл бұрын

    when the view changes when the nucleosome remodeller attaches its like frodo put the ring on

  • @carl00s01
    @carl00s0110 жыл бұрын

    This is so fantastic!

  • @nancy1352
    @nancy13524 жыл бұрын

    really wonder fulll thanks forward

  • @anaseman9558
    @anaseman95589 жыл бұрын

    Goosebumps!

  • @sabrango
    @sabrango4 жыл бұрын

    thx!

  • @michasosnowski5918
    @michasosnowski59184 жыл бұрын

    Eat healthy diet full of fruits and vegetables. Exercise regularly, meet your friends or make some and your body would know how to repair itself and stay healthy.

  • @thienngoquang6617
    @thienngoquang66172 жыл бұрын

    Thanks a lot, I really love the video. Can you guys make another video explain more specific how one X chromosome is inactivated

  • @shann5408
    @shann54083 жыл бұрын

    Thanks

  • @spyral00
    @spyral004 ай бұрын

    Life is so incredibly complex. I don't think our brains are supposed to be able to understand all this, but it's fascinating that they can by naming things and understanding patterns. Compared to it, our micro-processors, CPUs, GPUs and AIs are children toys.

  • @mouvementebr3575
    @mouvementebr35752 жыл бұрын

    true wonder of intelligent design

  • @rakeshyadav-by7pg
    @rakeshyadav-by7pg8 жыл бұрын

    amazing video...

  • @caterine4604
    @caterine46045 жыл бұрын

    This is amaaaazing

  • @TheKainMan
    @TheKainMan12 жыл бұрын

    Epicness at it's finest.

  • @gustavbloom7768
    @gustavbloom77682 жыл бұрын

    Amazing. Is there any debate about the sound effects ? I would vote for leaving them out. Thanks.

  • @BramosCarina
    @BramosCarina11 жыл бұрын

    excelent! thank you

  • @reveluvlinus6039
    @reveluvlinus60398 жыл бұрын

    at one point the sound effects sounded like traffic lol but this is a great video to visualize what's happening

  • @WolfgangDibiasi
    @WolfgangDibiasi10 жыл бұрын

    thank you :)

  • @bradhilton2283
    @bradhilton22832 жыл бұрын

    this like something straight out David croninberg

  • @chantellehollingsworthplow4695
    @chantellehollingsworthplow46957 жыл бұрын

    Thank you so much. Very helpful (if creepy sound effects - maybe that helped the info imprint on my memory lol). At the point when the egg has both maternal and paternal X chromosomes - before methylation occurs to silence one of the Xs,: DOES Crossover occur at this point (just before the silencing)?

  • @PatrickStaight
    @PatrickStaight21 күн бұрын

    Do the histones detach from the inactive X chromosomes during mitosis (and then reattach immediately after)?

  • @patchouliknowledge8112
    @patchouliknowledge81123 жыл бұрын

    Can you explain me how does allele gene's interaction of 2 female's X chromosomes work? I mean, if, for example, haemophilla disease appears as an X-linked recessive inheritance and a dominant gene turned up to be in inactivated X chromosome, so how does recessive gene expression can be suppressed by an inactivated gene in allele chromosome?

  • @santhoshnagraju7859
    @santhoshnagraju78597 жыл бұрын

    what happens to the inactive X chromosome during segregation ???? is it active or inactive ????

  • @sanxxxx
    @sanxxxx7 жыл бұрын

    The sound effects make it sound like some kind of a horror movie lol Love it.

  • @user-py1fb7dd5h
    @user-py1fb7dd5h6 жыл бұрын

    Wow thank youu

  • @BruceFame
    @BruceFame7 жыл бұрын

    Intriguing

  • @brownpaperrag
    @brownpaperrag12 жыл бұрын

    AMAZING@!!

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