X Inactivation and Epigenetics (2017) Etsuko Uno wehi.tv
Ғылым және технология
X inactivation is a vital process that occurs in all DNA-containing cells of the female body. It is also an important research model and tool for studying epigenetics. Epigenetics refers to processes that tell our cells how, and when, to read the DNA blueprint. The epigenetic regulation of DNA is critical in both normal development and disease.
X inactivation is a type of gene dosage compensation.
In humans, the sex chromosomes X and Y determine the sex of an individual - females have two X chromosomes (XX), males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY). All of the genes on the Y chromosome are required in male development, while the genes on the X chromosome are needed for both male and female development.
Because females receive two X chromosomes, they inherit two copies of many of the genes that are needed for normal function. Extra copies of genes or chromosomes can affect normal development. An example is Down's syndrome, which is caused by an extra copy of part or all of chromosome 21.
In female mammals, a process called X inactivation has evolved to compensate for the extra X chromosome. In X inactivation, each cell 'switches off' one of its X chromosomes, chosen at random, to ensure the correct number of genes are expressed, and to prevent abnormal development.
Пікірлер: 240
This team are the best molecular biology animators of the world. Not only because the videos look great, but they pay a lot of emphasis in brownian motion, random collisions, molecular twitching and protein overcrowded cell compartments. Being the most accurate artist view of the molecular sized life process, duplicates the beauty. Congrats!
These animations are easily the best media productions in the history of the universe. [tear drop]
@edwinismail9401
2 жыл бұрын
fact
@MercifulArchitect
11 ай бұрын
if we ever meet aliens, this is what they need to see first!
I love the sound effects. Splat!
10 years later, still one of the best if not THE best video with regards to X-inactivation ever!
Drew Berry and Etsuko Uno are gods for making this kind of animations happen. The rest of the team also does great job. Thank you!
the frightening sounds make the video more interesting for me :)
@eireannsg
4 жыл бұрын
The X inactivation is FAKE NEWS.
@colejohnson4941
4 жыл бұрын
@@eireannsg wut
@eireannsg
4 жыл бұрын
@@colejohnson4941 You can't even write proper English. No wonder you don't understand anything.
@colejohnson4941
4 жыл бұрын
@@eireannsg Wow, you just got a lot of information out of a one word reply. Anyhow, I'm just curious as to why X inactivation is "FAKE NEWS"
Thanks everyone! @mdoerkse We use Maya for animation and After Effects for compositing.
@videodjuegos6914
3 жыл бұрын
A los primeros 4 días después de la fecundación como se encuentran los cromosomas X provenientes del padre y de la madre ???? me podria explicar porfavor
Those sound effects! I love how they convey how squishy it all is in there. Thanks for these videos!
I don't see anyone else use audio as a metaphor. The sound effects makes these videos so much more engaging and accessible. I love stuff at this level of science that is meant for a wide audience. AND ITS 11 YEARS OLD!
The best video of epigenetic ever, no doubt!!
This was absolutely amazing, with crystal clear explanation, visual and sound effects. The best educational video I have watched so far. Thank you very much!
This is blowing my mind. I dont understand like 80% of what hes saying but in highschool these are the questions I wondered but couldnt properly ask. I wanted to see. I wanted to see what was happening. Id ask questions but the teacher would look at me like I was crazy. I love watching these videos. Life is ridiculously complicated
Amazing work. I can just imagine the time take to made all this thousand atoms dynamics to work for the video.
@eireannsg
4 жыл бұрын
The computer did it.
the best animation about epigenetics...
Am pushing the like button over and over again
I'm following the playlist "Biomedical Animation by wehi.tv" and I've got to say, this is one of the most amazing and beautiful things I've ever seen. Great work.
I absolutely love it! A whole lecture of epigenetics in 10 minutes. Hats down!
@geisonizidio
2 жыл бұрын
Fantastic video! But we have more than just epigenetics here 😃👏🏽👏🏽👏🏽
@michaelqiu9722
11 ай бұрын
Not really. You don’t know basic stuff in epigenetics like H3K27me3, Chip-seq, DNMT and TET enzymes etc.
@Gelatinocyte2
10 күн бұрын
@@michaelqiu9722 that doesn't sound like "basic stuff", you just listed names of specific proteins/DNA sequences/RNA molecules (whichever they are).
@michaelqiu9722
10 күн бұрын
@@Gelatinocyte2 It's basic for people who study epigenetics
@Gelatinocyte2
10 күн бұрын
@@michaelqiu9722 you mean it's basic for *doctors* who *specialize* in epigenetic diseases. This video DOES touch upon the very basic (general basics) of epigenetics - like DNA methylation, and nucleosome modification and remodeling.
This is one of the best channels on KZread. Great information, great animation, and weird, but great sound effects as well!
This was riveting. This was included in my Epigenetic Control of Gene Expression class. Absolutely fascinating to watch. Thank you!
I enjoyed the lecture. Great animation, it helped me visualize what was going on.
this is one of the best descriptions + visuals
How can one not be simply fascinated and intrigued by this? Outstanding video.
Excellent video, loved the combination of audio/visual effects paired with the soothing, laconic narrator .
Thank you so much! The bast animations I've seen so far...
this is the most breathtaking animation of DNA. the sounds are everything
Really like the voice-over style too.
the sounds always really brings me into this world.
Absolutely unbelievable. It's like magic. So hard to grasp that this evolved via stochastic processes. I do wonder if human technology will ever catch up. It's just so so far ahead of us, and took such a monumental optimization process to create.
Your videos are so good! Thanks for your scientific and artistic effort!
Thank you very much! You've saved my final exam!
i love the sound on this!
This video is fraggin' awesome. Thank you so much!
hands down one of the best biology videos
absolutely love the narration and sound effects!thnx!:)
Thank you so much, WEHI!
This is a very good clip. Great in terms of animation and explanation.
I absolutely love it. Thank you very much for this video
Awesome video! I think the eerie background sound and the bad ass graphics make it so engrossing.
Awesome video and graphics!! great explanation! Thank you
I love genetics and these types of videos..matter of fact I plan to present my PHD dissertation in this format.
how did scientists understand all these mechanisms which are so complex and invisible, thank you
A really well-done video, visual and informative
Great video. Great explanation. Thank you.
Love the sound track!
Very good explanation and a wonderful video, thank you, congratulations.
this is so helpful, it clears everything!
Thank you for the AWESOME video!! HELPS A LOT!!!!!!!
Thank you very much....great explaining..
AMAZING. seriously, this is so useful. the animation is superb!!
Beautiful molecular animations!
Bravo! Oncore oncore fro Aotearoa. Thank you for your amazing knowledge
the animation and sound effects so scary - i forgot to actually listen to the spoken word. I LOVED IT!
Outstanding animation.
Great job on the 3D animation for this video.
Just great! Many thanks.
Love the sound effects !
So which comes first: histone tail modifications or de-condensation (allowing TFs and histone modifying proteins to bind)?
Loved the animations!
Subscribed. Amazing stuff, but I would appreciate it if you go more into details. This is very general and I'm constantly looking for detailed descriptions.
Excellent graphics and narrative!
OMG. I'm female, and I'm a little freaked out right now. >:O Awesome animation, though, and a great pedagogic tool.
Very helpful, Thank you.
it was really helpful thank you so much
Amazing compilation!!
This is just awesome
This makes me love science even more
great animation! thank you so much! :)
LOVE YOU GUYS!
Epicgenetics. Absolutely fantastic video!
impresive!!!!! amazingly helpful
thank you for the great video
I love this video so much
Nucleosome sliding? Wow. That is amazing. The fidelity and accuracy of the system is brilliant.
@inkajoo
10 жыл бұрын
considering that all this evolved over time by itself, seems the essence of brilliance itself, or perfection, isn't actually rooted in the idea of the miracle, or spontaneous creation, but rather the patient testing and selection of alternative possibilities, and openness to change.
@TechyBen
10 жыл бұрын
Roger Levy Sorry, that assumes the conclusion. I'm open to possibilities. Though I prefer what is most probable. As you say, we are required to think about these things, we cannot learn about them by selecting our beliefs by "chance". :)
@WellThatsSilly
7 жыл бұрын
What you're saying really, is that if you have a jar of clock parts, and shake it for long enough, you may end up with a perfectly functioning timepiece? With the ability to not only write down its own plans, but also replicate itself by reading those plans. While the jar is still being shook.
@TechyBen
7 жыл бұрын
That is the truly difficult part of it all. Get any (mathematical, logical or physical laws) system, then arrange it such that it does exactly what simple life/cells/DNA with RNA does. It seems to leave us with two difficult conclusions. Either the space of all possible arrangements is too large to allow for a chance, or we have to accept it as a given. The two ways to look at the requirement for the unprobable to have happened, is either that all possibilities did happen, or that one was more preferred over the other. No matter how we look at it, life is unique, and not mundane.
@regulate.artificer_g23.mdctlsk
2 жыл бұрын
@@WellThatsSilly that's not how evolution works.
Awsome collection
when the view changes when the nucleosome remodeller attaches its like frodo put the ring on
This is so fantastic!
really wonder fulll thanks forward
Goosebumps!
thx!
Eat healthy diet full of fruits and vegetables. Exercise regularly, meet your friends or make some and your body would know how to repair itself and stay healthy.
Thanks a lot, I really love the video. Can you guys make another video explain more specific how one X chromosome is inactivated
Thanks
Life is so incredibly complex. I don't think our brains are supposed to be able to understand all this, but it's fascinating that they can by naming things and understanding patterns. Compared to it, our micro-processors, CPUs, GPUs and AIs are children toys.
true wonder of intelligent design
amazing video...
This is amaaaazing
Epicness at it's finest.
Amazing. Is there any debate about the sound effects ? I would vote for leaving them out. Thanks.
excelent! thank you
at one point the sound effects sounded like traffic lol but this is a great video to visualize what's happening
thank you :)
this like something straight out David croninberg
Thank you so much. Very helpful (if creepy sound effects - maybe that helped the info imprint on my memory lol). At the point when the egg has both maternal and paternal X chromosomes - before methylation occurs to silence one of the Xs,: DOES Crossover occur at this point (just before the silencing)?
Do the histones detach from the inactive X chromosomes during mitosis (and then reattach immediately after)?
Can you explain me how does allele gene's interaction of 2 female's X chromosomes work? I mean, if, for example, haemophilla disease appears as an X-linked recessive inheritance and a dominant gene turned up to be in inactivated X chromosome, so how does recessive gene expression can be suppressed by an inactivated gene in allele chromosome?
what happens to the inactive X chromosome during segregation ???? is it active or inactive ????
The sound effects make it sound like some kind of a horror movie lol Love it.
Wow thank youu
Intriguing
AMAZING@!!