In this video, we'll learn how to draw the molecular, structural, and skeletal formulas for Butane, a simple hydrocarbon with the molecular formula C₄H₁₀.
Starting with the molecular formula, C₄H₁₀, we see the number of Carbon and Hydrogen atoms, but it doesn't reveal their arrangement. However, this formula tells us that butane is an alkane, a type of hydrocarbon with only single bonds between carbon atoms.
Next, we'll draw the structural formula for Butane, illustrating how the Carbon and Hydrogen atoms are connected in a straight chain. This provides a clearer picture of the molecule's structure, showing each Carbon atom bonded to two other Carbons (except for the ends, which are bonded to three Hydrogens).
Finally, we'll simplify the representation by drawing the skeletal formula, also known as the bond-line formula. This type of drawing only shows the Carbon backbone, with Carbon and Hydrogen atoms implied. For Butane, the skeletal formula is simply a zigzag line with four vertices, each representing a Carbon atom.
Each of these representations-molecular formula, structural formula, and skeletal formula-offers unique insights into the molecule. By understanding how to draw and interpret these formulas, you'll gain valuable skills for studying organic chemistry and visualizing molecular structures.