Why Heisenberg Worked for Hitler
In 1939, Werner Heisenberg joined the "Uranium Club" to try to make a nuclear bomb for Hitler. Why? He didn't love the Nazis and he had plenty of opportunities to leave. This is the story of the moral failings of a brilliant man.
My Patreon Page (thanks!):
www.patreon.com/user?u=15291200
Some Links:
The clip about Heisenberg visiting the SS is from a fantastic biography that you can find here:
• Video
The color video of Hitler talking and marching is from here:
• How Hitler Invaded Hal...
The song "Electricity, Electricity" is a version of the song originally written by the folks at Schoolhouse Rock by my fabulous friend Kim Nalley. Check her out at kimnalley.com
Пікірлер: 949
This is the exact moment Walter became Himmlerberg
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
2 жыл бұрын
Giggle giggle snort
@summerlakephotog8239
11 ай бұрын
😂😂😂
@bluedragontoybash2463
11 ай бұрын
yep.. this is why I scroll down
@geared2cre8
11 ай бұрын
Why do I want a hamburger 🍔
@corners1733
10 ай бұрын
Say his name
I just got home from the Oppenheimer film and i was curious about life and decisions of Heisenberg in the events of WW2. Thank you for this video!! It is only just now that i have discovered this channel and as a student of physics and a history geek myself, this channel is perfect❤❤
@burningknight7
11 ай бұрын
same here haha
@GizmoMaltese
11 ай бұрын
Same here but I didn't see the movie and I'm not really interested in it to be honest. I feel they're just going to holywoodize the events. Was it an accurate movie? Anyway, I love history and physics so I also subscribed. I'm a bit saddened to learn that men who were like heroes to me were either indifferent or sympathetic to Nazis.
@aamirrazak3467
11 ай бұрын
Same I watched the movie and now want to learn more about the physicist involved in the Manhattan project
@daren7889
11 ай бұрын
I decided not to see the movie Oppenheimer! Baby Boomer here! I feel like I know all too much about the threat of Nuclear War! I remember jumping under my school desk , wearing Dog Tags in October 1962 / Cuban Missile Crisis! My father was a former US Naval officer and scientist. Dad help build the very first Atomic Reactors for Submarines/Admiral Rickover's program! Dad wore a RADIATION BADGE to work every single day! Even as a little child , I knew how DANGEROUS Nuclear war would be if it ever happened! I vowed to NEVER have any children because "Nobody will ever FRY my children "! No regrets! Absolutely no regrets! Instead I worked to help educate people on the dangers of Nuclear War/ Nuclear Weapons Freeze Campaign 1980's! I also read the excellent book Killing Our Own by Harvey Wasserman! I remember Three Mile Island , Chernobyl and Fukushima! 🤔🤔🤯🤯🤯🤯🇩🇪🇨🇭🇺🇸🌊💙🌊💙🌊💙🌊💙🌊💙🌊
@nunkatsu
11 ай бұрын
@@GizmoMaltese I'm not an expert about Oppenheimer's life, but from what I've read, the only inaccurate thing about the movie is that it portrayed Oppenheimer as more regretful of having contributed to the creation of the nuclear bomb than he actually was
I am quite sorry about my mispronunciations of words in this video. I have an audio processing issue that makes it very difficult to pronounce words that are unfamiliar to me and even listening to it Multiple times does not help. I meant no disrespect.
@Supergravity
11 ай бұрын
You did a great job. I've lost a lot of respect for Heisenberg
@justanotherguy469
11 ай бұрын
We love your exuberance. This is better than watching a movie. Thank you.
@justanotherguy469
11 ай бұрын
@@Supergravity He did what the vast majority of humans do when faced with self-preservation and the promotion of oneself. I see it every day. Moral courage is a rarer commodity than bravery in battle or great intelligence. - Senator Robert Francis Kennedy
@piruz3243
11 ай бұрын
It's ok, Kathy; except for Leipzig, you did great. ❤
@ddavidjeremy
11 ай бұрын
Kathy. You killed it. I subscribed immediately.
I know that Heisenberg always wanted to live and work in his homeland Munich, and he achieved it after WWII. There is people that just can't abandon their land.
@Joseph-fw6xx
9 ай бұрын
U can't blame him for loving his country no more then u can blame Americans for loving America
@emperorpalpatine6239
5 ай бұрын
@@Joseph-fw6xxThe video itself sites sources where it is clearly stated that Heisenberg was pretty much Nazified during WW2 and did share many of the Third Reich’s ideas. He wasn’t just a patriot who stayed out of his love for Germany.
@sandisteinberg731
4 күн бұрын
Munich is a city, not a 'homeland.'
This is the exact moment Walter White became german
@walterevans2118
2 ай бұрын
Walter White ?
Wait so Walter White worked for Hitler and gave him his meth? I had no idea! So I guess Hitler would be Gus then. Since both Gus and Hitler were both pure evil
@Castragroup
11 ай бұрын
You have never done drugs?
@squidsbizarreadventure
10 ай бұрын
I guess Walter was a LOT like his namesake, in that he was willing to collaborate with evil people to further his own achievements... he saw it a necessity to work with Gus the way Werner Heisenberg saw it a necessity to work with Nazis to further physics in Germany. They both thought they would come out on top anyways, even if the drug kingpin or dictatorial regime changes, because they believed in the value of their "work". Well in the series we discover that it's not the case, and Heisen-uhh Walter was betrayed by the Nazis, leading to his ultimate downfall, because he wasn't as irreplaceable as he thought, and his legacy would be forever tarnished for associating with evil. (Obligatory "Bravo Vince" for choosing Heisenberg as Walter's alter ego)
@walterevans2118
Ай бұрын
@@squidsbizarreadventure Who's 'Vince' ?
@madhavsharma5297
Ай бұрын
@@walterevans2118Vince gilligan the creator of the show
Thank you Kathy, clarifying known events and limiting speculations! I consider this high quality!
JESSE, JESSE! I found a replacement for gus. Here me out JESSE
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
Жыл бұрын
The crossover event we didn’t know we needed
Such a great combo of learning science + the history behind it. New subscriber and loving all of your videos!
Kathy, you produce one of the bestest (history of) physics (science) contents on KZread! Please keep up with this amazing work!
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
3 жыл бұрын
Wow, thank you!
@bobshenix
2 жыл бұрын
@@Kathy_Loves_Physics It's a rather simple answer. He wasn't a rabid antisemite, most Germans weren't, but he was a German nationalist and anticommunist who had even helped the Freikorps put down the opportunistic Bolshevik uprisings in the aftermath of WW1. He viewed Stalin's regime is an evil which necessitated a strong Germany. It doesn't make him insane or racist by default.
@pjaypender1009
Жыл бұрын
@@bobshenix It most assuredly does make him racist. Racism is about effect, not intent.
@Zurvanox
10 ай бұрын
@@pjaypender1009then everybody is a racist.
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
10 ай бұрын
Ahh the whole everybody is racist so no one is racist defense. I never said he was an antiSemite. I said that the slaughter of most of his friends and their families wasn’t a deal breaker as long as he got to be a 1st class citizen. And he wasn’t worried about the Russians getting a bomb, in fact he debated with Weisacker after the war whether the Russians would be better for him or English/Americans. So he was no brave fighter against Stalin.
I just discovered this channel and it's my favourite history channel because the narrator really knows how to put together a gripping story. AND, she's offering some of her own insight instead of just regurgitating facts. She's trying to explain what's going on through the heads of each individual during these pivotal moment sin history. What a great channel!!!
@yeetmaster6986
10 ай бұрын
I recommend bobbybroccoli too, his storytelling is really unique and gripping too. Feels like watching a detective show.
Just discovered this channel as I wanted to know more about Heisenberg. Just subscribed! Your presentation is engaging, fun and full of information! Hoping you've done loads of these!
It's hard to believe this is my first time hearing about this side of Heisenberg. Previously when I heard his name, I always thought of QM in the 1920s. I never bothered to research what his life was like in the following decades. That letter from Schrodinger is also very disappointing. I thought he was opposed to the nazi regime.
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
2 жыл бұрын
Me too. So much disappointment. Max Planck, however, was not a disappointment and Bohr was amazing.
@richardlinter4111
2 жыл бұрын
@@Kathy_Loves_Physics : Of course Schrodinger wrote that note to the Senate of the University. It was supposed to be private. The Nazis installed a new Rector (Reichelt) at his University who warned him of the fate ('cleansing') that awaited politically unreliable academics and advised him to put his excuses in writing. Bear in mind Schrodinger faced a more general threat. Von Laue was protected by senior Generals in the Heer, and Heisenberg by his family connections with Himmler; Schrodinger had no such insurance; at that time he was surveilled by the Gestapo. Also his house in Graz was searched. Little did poor little Erwin know that his 'confession' would be leaked to the papers! The Graz Tagespost in particular made a meal of it. But as Schrodinger's American biographer observed, Schrodinger did NOT - as was normal - end with 'Heil Hitler'.
@richardlinter4111
2 жыл бұрын
The 'Confession" shown eight minutes into the clip shows (at 8:00) only that the man was under threat of life and livelihood. Now, one could justly accuse Schrodinger - and Heisenberg - of cowardice. Schrodinger even admitted it in a letter to Einstein dated July 19th, 1939; hoping Einstein would not judge him too harshly. He also remarked, "I wanted to remain free - and could not do so without great duplicity', so can legitimately be accused of lying. That said, I don't know that my moral courage would have been up to the test either.
@nathanjasper512
10 ай бұрын
@@richardlinter4111It's true. You might do a lot to stay alive when you're surrounded by Nazis.
@nathanjasper512
10 ай бұрын
You think the letter from Schrodinger is disappointing? Just wait till you hear how he treated cats.
Kathy, your videos are amazing and this one, especially awesome! My one request to you is if you could provide a list of references/bibliography for the information you used for the video
Love your research, your condensed version, and your presentation in these videos. Always helpful and insightful and enjoyable! Thanks Kathy!!
Great video! Well researched and put together. And you’re very comfortable in camera. You just earned a subscriber, and I look forward to your future videos!
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
4 жыл бұрын
So glad you liked it.
@zes3813
2 жыл бұрын
wr
This is my first time watching a video of yours, I loved it !! This is the best history video about physics ( it covers a lot more than just history on physics really) Thank you!
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
Жыл бұрын
You are quite welcome
Great narrative. I know this history from the lectures by Kathryn Carson, but you manage to yet again add new information. Great stuff.
Wow, great work! I like your combo of Physics and History.
I know the history... Yet you managed to pull a riveting cliffhanger. Hats off to you and your wonderful storytelling powers.
I just discovered your channel. A great channel. I have not watched the next video yet (it's past midnight here), but Teller suggested in an interview that Heisenberg was dragging his feet on German bomb development. Perhaps this is an indication that Heisenberg was warning Bohr and the rest of the world (to motivate them to hurry up) in what he said at the meeting in Denmark.
@robewalt2
11 ай бұрын
I have read this from various sources and came to the same conclusion. Unlike what many of these unread viewers watching this video may suggest "as being disappointed in Heisenberg" for staying in Germany. He was not there for the Nazis or any political movement. He could do more in theoretical physics staying in Germany as the top physicist. He had more power in Germany and could be more of an influence there than outside of it. Heisenberg delaying the bomb is a far more powerful position than being on the outside (with less resources and advancement) racing against the top physics community at the time.
To be fair to Schrödinger he was in a very difficult position and was in danger of getting killed by the regime. He did later privately apologise to his friend Einstein for what he said.
Just discovered your amazing video! Thank you very much!
Miss these kinds of genuine detailed videos nowadays... Thank you 💯
Always interesting to listen to your talks. Thanks
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
4 жыл бұрын
Thanks and thanks for the comment!
Great video. Very informative and very entertaining. Thank you.
Thank you once again, Kathy. Your channel is a gem of great value.
Came quickly to comment that loved your channel name 😄... Will surely come back to watch the videos.
nobody: not a single living cell: Kathy: *reinventing science*
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
4 жыл бұрын
I love this. Thank you!
During the height of the Cold War, how did American rocket scientists speak to top Russian scientists? They spoke in their native language, German!
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
2 жыл бұрын
“Once the rockets go up, who cares where they go down that’s someone else’s department,” said Werner con Braun.
@bootstrapperwilson7687
2 жыл бұрын
Is "con Braun" a deliberate joke? If so, lol. BTW, loved this vid; please don't stop (and consider publishing a book. Please)
@gpwgpw555
2 жыл бұрын
@@bootstrapperwilson7687 She Is
@givenfirstnamefamilyfirstn3935
Жыл бұрын
Was it written in the ‘Right Stuff’ where Americans caustically referred to ‘Rocket City’, Alabama as _Hunsville?_
Well researched and well presented. Good job!
I enjoyed every second of the video. you earned yourself a new subscriber, Kathy. keep up the great work.
As always,another first rate video,keep up the great work!!
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
4 жыл бұрын
James Powell thanks.
@jamespowell1442
4 жыл бұрын
@@Kathy_Loves_Physics As always ,you are most welcome!
Thanks Kathy. Amazing, fascinating, troubling, and disturbing history. These humans are a confusing species. Thanks for shedding some light on them.
Thank you so much for this. Very well done!
What a fantastic channel! So happy I found it. (He is spelled Niels Bohr.)
They really need to make a TV or something about 20th century physicists. It's a TV drama show or something that wrote itself already.
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
4 жыл бұрын
X000S I would watch the $&@&$&@ out of that!
Waltuh
Great video - where is the next one as mentioned at the end?
This was an absolutely captivating video. Thank you.
I stumbled upon your video after reading "The Making of the Atomic Bomb". I too love physics and history and the history of physics.
Great video as always. Minor point: I believe Leipzig is pronounced “laipzig”
@bullhaddha
2 жыл бұрын
Yes, well, it's even harder for native english speakers, there's a hard 'ts' after the 'p'. I did not immediately recognize what she meant. Though, fun fact, in the old books Leipzig is referenced in latin as 'Lipsia'.
@malcolmlugg9843
2 жыл бұрын
Lype-tz-ik
Outstanding Research and Presentation! Thank You!
Thank you very much for the informative video. I'm waiting to watch the next one soon 👌
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
3 жыл бұрын
So glad you liked it
It is perhaps the most hard of your stories to watch. You are so good I in a sense felt I was in Germany at this time. I knew some of this before but it is not his finest hour and I can’t deny his genius but his legacy will always be entangled with his lack of empathy that is certain. Retrospect it’s easy for me to judge him. But as mentioned the uncertainty principle father is a truly paradox of uncertainty. Nice comments. At in my part of the world we could use more of that.
@goedelite
2 жыл бұрын
Like many physicists of his time and after, he was a political fool! Some comfort may lie in the fact that many bright people are politically idealistic. They let themselves be tools of their governments. Some do it for prestige; some do it because they were raised in the mythologies that governments propagate in schools.
@daren7889
11 ай бұрын
German - Swiss American here ! Teacher, 37 years! It is always a good idea to Question Authority! ALWAYS! FASCISTS just want you to blindly follow and obey ! IMHO! 🤔🤯🇩🇪🇨🇭🇺🇸🌊💙🌊💙🌊💙🌊💙🌊🌊🌊🌊🌊🌊🌊🌊🌊🌊🌊
@indescribablecardinal6571
9 ай бұрын
Keep in mind that he founded a marriage and a familiy in the WWII gap. He did the bare minimum for staying fine, and yes, Heisenberg lacked of empathy to thirds apart from his family, but he was also a victim of a dictatorship, playing a role he didn't want for survival (the proof is that he got depressed the rest of his life after WWII, not proud of his actions certainly). His patriotism and love for his homeland led him to this defensive status.
never get tired of listening to 19 and 20 th century history of physics , these guys and gals , were genius , and all that without computers
@gpwgpw555
2 жыл бұрын
They were playing pool with the lights off.
@lembkamb
10 ай бұрын
They were basically building atomic bomb with just calculator
Brilliantly delivered and informative! Many thanks.
Excellent video - look forward to more such videos. Captivating and informing.
As a student of physics and history myself I think it is important to say that Heisenberg did exactly what he said was the reason he did not leave Germany. He said " after all this war and tragedy is over, there still should be science in Germany and how could this be if everyone left" He was not blaming people that left and contemplated it himself (see his talk with Planck). After the war he was one of the founding fathers of what is now known as the Max Planck society. We never know if his intentions of the uran club were bad (trying to develop the bomb) or good (trying to derail or slow down all efforts).
@koolaidblack7697
10 ай бұрын
Why would developing the bomb be bad? Were the people who developed the bombs in the US and Soviet Union respectively bad people? Were they operating under different motivations from him?
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
10 ай бұрын
Why would being the first to develop a bomb slow down making a bomb? The Americans only put money into it when they realized 2 years after Heisenberg started that they were stockpiling Uranium and Plutonium. If Heisenberg was forced to work on the bomb (which he never claimed instead saying he volunteered) and wanted to derail it, why not just ask for a lot less Uranium? He could have single-handedly stopped the Manhattan Project before it started. And still been treated like a rock star by the Nazi’s (trips to Switzerland and Paris and used as PR in occupied counties.) Planck kept science in Germany. And didn’t lose his humanity in the process. That is why Lise Meitner said that “no one did more to fight Hitler than this 80 year old man” and that “they should force Heisenberg and people like him to see what they have done [in the camps] for themselves. What Heisenberg did in Copenhagen is unforgivable” (mind you, that letter was before the bomb, she was talking about Heisenberg promoting the Nazis publicly in 1941.
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
10 ай бұрын
Yes they were. The US scientists were trying to build a bomb before Hitler got one and became ruler of the world. Heisenberg was trying to make a bomb so he could be a 1st class citizen in Nazi Germany (and he would have been fine if he had refused by saying it wasn’t possible- Otto Hahn didn’t work on the bomb and he was totally fine).
@lifewalk244
10 ай бұрын
@@Kathy_Loves_Physics wow you claim that all this is proven? What happened in Copenhagen was never totally clear. I am not saying that Heisenberg did not have the intention to build a bomb. I am just saying we just do not know the facts are not clear.
@derekp2674
10 ай бұрын
@@Kathy_Loves_Physics The Germans were definitely not stockpiling plutonium in WW2 - they had no means of producing it. They did do their best to stockpile natural uranium and to chemically and metallurgically purify it into reactor grade material. But, due to the division of their limited stocks of reactor grade uranium and heavy water between different competing research groups, I don't think they could ever have made a working atomic pile
Excellent video. Just a margin note, the fact that Lise Meitner did not receive the Nobel Prize is a disgrace of rank. An example of the policy of appeasement in Sweden.
@gpwgpw555
2 жыл бұрын
I do not have a source and I am not sure that it is completely true, but during the Nazi regime, only Germans won the Nobel Prize.
@anehakansson7771
2 жыл бұрын
@@gpwgpw555 this is not entirely correct, although several german physicists won the prize during that period and for good reasons. No prizes were awarded between 1940-1942.
@richardlinter4111
2 жыл бұрын
Meitner's American biographer looked into this with other experts, when the Nobel archives were unsealed. Their joint verdict: "Meitner's exclusion from the chemistry award may well be summarized as a mixture of disciplinary bias, political obtuseness, ignorance, and haste." Appeasement, if any, was not a substantial contribution.
I was searching channel like this thankfully i find it
Bravo Kathy. Always entertaining and highlighting the behinds the scene mishigas these scientific minds were involved in.
Excellent video. Science would appeal to so many more young students if it were taught from a historic perspective. Great work, as usual. 👍
@RobertoCarlos-tn1iq
10 ай бұрын
remember that the winners write history.
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
10 ай бұрын
@RobertoCarlos-tn1iq Germany lost so why do we let the people who willingly worked for Hitler write the narrative?
@karmiliaandrade9508
9 ай бұрын
I never thought about it like this but that makes so much sense
Perfect for post-Oppenheimer, Great coverage ❤
Forgiving her biases and editorial commentary, this lady is an excellent storyteller. She has helped me learn. Brava.
So nice to hear your perspective about this historical times...
One line from the Oppenheimer movie struck me as true, that Germany lost the lead in the race for atomic power because of Hitler's anti-Semitism!
This was told to me by the son of one of the people that kept an eye on Heisenberg and his team in captivity in Britain back then. I don´t know if this story is true. Just telling you what I learned. During their time in England, Heisenberg and his colleagues were monitored very very closely, there were hidden microphones everywere am every word they said was recorded. When news broke on the atomic bombs on Japan, they exclaimed something like "How on Earth did they do that ?" ... One testimony said that Heidelberg answered : "Not that hard, look.." After which he make notes on a piece of paper (which was retrieved from the trash of course) supposedly explaining how the Americans did the job... It seemed Heisenberg had changed his mind during the war after all, and deliberately slowed down the research on the German A bomb.
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
Жыл бұрын
This is how the story has been told, especially by Heisenberg, but you can actually read the transcripts from the farmhouse yourself and see what he actually said which was basically “I can’t believe the people who discovered this in the first place cannot figure out how the Americans made the bomb”. The farmhouse by the way had plenty of paper and they actually held colloquia to discuss their research.
@fredcollins8919
11 ай бұрын
Good
@derekp2674
10 ай бұрын
After the war, Heisenberg hinted that he had worked to slow the pace of the German research programme. He was a smart guy, so he would have probably have said that, even if it was not true. I think the Farm Hall transcripts show that the Germans interned there were quite surprised by the revelation of the allied atom bomb. They had been hoping to sell their valuable skills and knowledge to the allied victors and then suddenly discovered that they weren't so unique and valuable after all.
@derekp2674
10 ай бұрын
@@ravanpee1325 Once they knew it was possible, the interned Germans scientists would have easily been able to figure out how it was done. But nothing in the Farm Hall transcripts suggests that, before that, the Germans had well developed concept designs for atom bombs. I've also read the redacted and published version of LA-1, the Los Alamos Primer. That shows how the required physics is really fairly simple. The technical and industrial capacities required to turn those ideas into a working bomb were another matter though.
Kathy it's just hits me.,. the taste of history of physics and chemistry that time ....that is like drug ...i m just speechless....i will be always be a first viewer of ur every videos....love u Kathy ...this video increases my interest in chemistry and physics manifolds...well I am a presently studied bachelor in medicine and surgery but i m planning to teach chemistry in future...ur videos give me more clarity towards it....love u Kathy love u soo much....
Kathy, love what you present.....great stuff.
The US Americans call such behaviour PATRIOTISM
Chilling history of physics and physicists! Could have scarcely imagined such a provenance of the physicists one has come to admire, at least for their science.
Here's one for you, Wilhelm Lenz (born 1888 in Frankfurt to an Annie Wecklein, herself born in 1871) worked under Arnold Sommerfeld and came up with a theory regarding spin number and ferromagnetism. All that would just be a fact, however Annie Wecklein was also Erwin and Werner Heisenberg's mother and married to August Heisenberg, Werner Heisenberg also studied physics under Sommerfeld having transferred to him from mathematics, plus later research was applying matrix mechanics to ferromagnetism I have only found one reference to Wilhelm Lenz being related to the Heisenberg family but it struck me as interesting that two research areas linked both men, which caused me to search for Wilhelm Lenz, only to discover his mom is Heisenberg's mom!
Kathy, very nice video! Cheers from Brazil
I've been looking forward to this. I read several books on him that suggested several things about him: maybe he didn't want Germany to get the bomb and undermined the project. Maybe he was just a bad leader of a project. Maybe he was focused on being top dog in German physics after the war and would do anything to get that. I look forward to hearing your conclusions in the next video. I'm still....uncertain!
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
4 жыл бұрын
WaskiSquirrel I’ve gotten pretty negative on Heisenberg but see if you agree with my next video.
@doilyhead
2 жыл бұрын
@@Kathy_Loves_Physics What if the Americans secretly "recruited" him....
@riazhassan6570
2 жыл бұрын
@@Kathy_Loves_Physics Can’t quite understand the negativity, since both America and the Soviets whisked away many German engineers and scientists after the war to help with their rocket and space programs.
@criscrosxxx
Жыл бұрын
@@riazhassan6570 yes world ignores this factor
@jige1225
11 ай бұрын
@@criscrosxxx no, world does not
Thank you very much for this clear narrative. Indeed a brilliant man, I still remember attending a full house lecture on "particle zoo" at Kane Hall, UW, Seattle, by Heisenberg fifty years ago ...
You made an awesome video (again). Thank you
A very convincing lecture. You mention "a fantastic biography that you can find here", but this link is now private. Can you give us the biography's full title?
She said blah lulz i died. Perfect.
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
4 жыл бұрын
At first I thought you were saying that all my words were "blah blah blah" and I was offended. But then I remembered that I did say "blah" and I am glad that you found it so amusing.
@kias87
4 жыл бұрын
Same :)
I am amazed by the level of research you do for your videos. They truly should be viewed by any student interested in science. I am a PhD in physics but I learn a lot with your videos and enjoy all of them even if I know the subject. By the way, your characterization of Hitler as a "buffoonish moron" makes a lot of sense to me now that we have our own Hitler-wannabe president here in Brazil. Morons can be very dangerous.
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
3 жыл бұрын
Thank you for your lovely comment and good luck with your PhD program. Yeah I know what you mean about dangerous morons in power. Wish I didn’t
@PetterssonRobin
2 жыл бұрын
Fortunately it looks like you'll get rid of him now. I have some Brazilian friends here in Sweden that are about as concerned about him as you seem to be. Best of luck to you friend
@mariajoseresende321
Жыл бұрын
@@PetterssonRobin I am Brazilian as well (however, my true name is Rafael Resende de Oliveira Goldschmidt, not Maria José Resende, which is the name of my mother (I’m writing from her computer)). Bolsonaro is a menace that must be dealt with at all costs. However, the main opposition leader (Lula) is almost as bad of a political element as he is, but I guess it is what we can work with at the moment.
you could link to the lightning tamers episode T _T can't find it
Very nice presentation of history with some science thrown in! 👏
What an enigmatic man. Who ever really knew what was going on in that mind of his. And to me, a great shame that he goes down in history with a question mark over his name.
@ondrejsoroka8170
2 жыл бұрын
I dont think there is any question mark he was just arrogant german supremist. There is no question about it. He was genuienly suprised that someon secceed where he failed. So there was not any secret code in what he said to Bohr.
@niznizam
2 жыл бұрын
What do you say to people who are doing the same thing again in today's world in supporting countries like India and ISreal
@javierderivero9299
2 жыл бұрын
@@niznizam I haven' seen Israel or India invade 11 countries, like Germany did (and 2 wars)....and kill 50-70 million people (2.5 % of the population at the time)....there are other countries much worse than India or Israel
@niznizam
2 жыл бұрын
@@javierderivero9299 so you are saying that Hitler is considered evil bec he invaded 11 countries and not because of his treatment of the Jews in Germany? If he hadnt invaded the other countries, he wouldnt be called such a person as he is considered now?
@sreeharie821
2 жыл бұрын
@@niznizam you clearly forget the attack on minorities in muslim countries like Pakistan , Bangladesh etc.
Why focus solely on Heisenberg when talking about Hitler and the Atomic bomb, without mentioning Erich Schumann and Kurt Diebner? From what I know, I would say Heisenberg delayed the development of the Atomic bomb, managing to dilute scarce resources between two competing approaches when it came to critical scientific research. After the war, Heisenberg was investigated by the allies, them realizing, that despite the war, he had everything to theoretically build a bomb. I believe he had good reasons for not wanting Hitler to be the first to get an atomic bomb. And he managed it accomplish it without turning the Nazis against him. He was clearly more smarter than he made others think and I certainly cannot imagine how he must have felt during those years. Ask yourself: what, how and why would you do to successfully stop Hitler from getting the Atomic bomb, if you were in the position of Heisenberg during the war?
Facinating, we appreciate your hard work, research and presentation. Fighting with too many h'es etc.. Great work.
Ma'am you are absolutely wonderful. Thank you so much for sharing your knowledge with us.
The real paradox is how such logical, deductive, science-minded people can be so irrational in other aspects of life.
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
Жыл бұрын
That is the real conundrum. And we usually pretend it isn’t true by either denigrating the science (like with Phillip Lenard) or pretending that the person wasn’t really illogical and craven when faced with moral tests like Heisenberg.
@_skyyskater
Жыл бұрын
@@Kathy_Loves_Physics so cool that you responded! I'm a huge fan! I've been binge watching all of your videos. I especially enjoyed the ones with George Westinghouse. I've also become a huge Westinghouse fan!
@JustNow42
Жыл бұрын
Not really, more than 80% of scientists have asberger ( this is the future of mankind) otherwise they cannot sit still sufficiently long time to learn science. Average IQ of asbergers is 120 but social knowledge is emotional not intellectual.
@aashiv93
9 ай бұрын
Puzzles me too. I think we underestimate the fact that scientists are, to a significant extent, susceptible to the same confirmation bias and belief in pseudoscientific gobbledegook as the rest of us. Just look at the stuff that Nobel winners like James Watson and William Shockley swore by. Disappointing.
I saw the movie Copenhagen before I saw your video. I got the impression that H could have ( and had the smarts ) to bring the bomb to fruition but was missing a key fact ( that he was trying to get from Bohr ) or he just stalled long enough to prevent the research from coming the awful result. I don’t know but it makes for a scary scenario that one person prevented Germany from having the bomb. Maybe I’m off base here but it does seem possible. Thanks for the video.
@richardlinter4111
2 жыл бұрын
The Nazis had several uranium projects most of which fought each other. None took the notion of a bomb seriously for long, believing it impossible for either Axis or Allies - not least because isotope separation was so difficult. Heisenberg in particular worked on developing a reactor only, believing this worthwhile in its own right and also being the only way to, long term, developing a (plutonium) bomb. The very brief period when (some of) the Nazi scientists took bomb development seriously included the moment when Heisenberg met Bohr.
Intelligent, thorough, well structured and deeply interesting, thank you
This is one of the top 3 channels I've discovered. Thank you for your hard work.
If Heisenberg had resigned, then other one more politically motivated or better in the Lab would have been in charge. The germans knew about the "element 94" AKA Plutonium in 1940 ( russian dessclasified papers. 2005) and even get to produce a tinny quantity of neptunium in the lab. You could say that he was working with and against the NSDAP at the same time. And was lucky or smart enough to avoid anyone to be able to know in what direction he was headed. Even himself.
Why did you have to end the video in such a manner. Now I am dying to know.
@tyharness2527
4 жыл бұрын
Always leave them on a cliffhanger. GREAT vid.
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
4 жыл бұрын
Sorry, let us just leave it at: Heisenberg wanted to promote German science and impress Bohr.
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
4 жыл бұрын
Thanks Ty
When I was a youngster living in Wurzburg , Heisenberg’ a hometown, I read his book - Physics and Beyond - a good intro book into the philosophy and science of early 20th century physics
Exceptionally well done. Thanks!
Whilst this is a channel primarily focused on scientific history its characterization of Chamberlain is a little unfair. Immediately on return to the UK from Munich he massively ramped up an already occurring rearmament programme, for which he had approved the funding when he was chancellor of the exchequer. At the time of Munich the RAF was equipped with biplanes, by the time the war broke out they had the Spitfire and Hurricane. Chamberlain wasn't nearly so naive as he is perceived to be by many nowadays. It's also forgotten just how unpopular the idea of another war was with the British public, only 20 years after the end of the First World War. The French and the British government's did not take military action in 1938 because it's not what their populations wanted and they weren't sure they had the means to do so successfully. Any politician who would have suggested that they did take military action in 1938 or earlier would rapidly have find themselves out of Government. However, it's much easier to blame a few "appeasers" than to accept "appeasement" was the political will of the majority of the population in France and the UK. Add to that the disastrous performance of the British and French military in France in 1940 and once again it's much easier to blame a few "appeasers" for a lack of preparedness than to blame the military leadership, who had been preparing for the First World War and were caught cold by superior German tactics and strategy. I'm afraid poor old Chamberlain gets a lot more than his fair share of the blame for what were far more widespread and collective failings, and little or no credit for the steps he took in preparing the UK for war.
@tjsbbi
2 жыл бұрын
Yeah but he oversold with the "Peace in our time" speech. That certainly didn't prepare the country for what might be ahead.
@chrism7969
2 жыл бұрын
@@tjsbbi Yes and no. He had to go with public sentiment whilst preparing the country for war. In 1938 there was no public support for war over Czechoslovakia. So yes the phrase "peace in our time" was political hyperbole, but by the time Chamberlain made the declaration of war in 1939 the British public were prepared to accept it was necessary. I think you could actually argue that because he was seen as somebody who desperately wanted peace and only led the country into war when there was no other choice he was able to carry the British people with him. I would argue that whilst Churchill was a great wartime leader he would not have been able to carry the British people with him in a declaration of war had he been Prime Minister in 1938 and 1939. He was perceived as too much of a warmonger., Though that was a factor that was of no consequence once the war had started . I think Chamberlain was the right man to be in power in the run-up to the war. He took the necessary practical steps to prepare for it whilst doing what was politically necessary to stay in power so he could take those steps and because he was somebody who was seen as not wanting a war he was able to remain in power and carry the people with him when it came to declaring war. I would also suggest that those words pale into insignificance compared to the practical steps he took to prepare the country for war. I see Chamberlain's realpolitik as not dissimilar to Roosevelt having to keep public sentiment onside by appearing to do his best to keep America out of the war because of the large isolationist sentiment amongst American voters, even though he thought it likely that America would have to get involved in the war. He had to take public sentiment with him and any obvious steps to directly involve America in the war would have seen him removed from office. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour and Germany's subsequent declaration of War on the US rather solved that dilemma for him, much as Hitler's invasion of Poland did the same for Chamberlain. Politically neither man could be seen to be in favour of their country going to war until it was absolutely necessary.
@malcolmlugg9843
2 жыл бұрын
Churchill also boasted he would destroy Chamberlain's reputation, Chamberlain died of cancer in 1940 so funnily enough couldn't argue back
Controversy! Wondering about remote sensing and remote transmission issues being a future topic? I recently learned about B.E.A.R. (Beam Experiment Aboard a Rocket) as a new system that I wonder how has been refined in non accelerator or like airborne or ground based systems? Kind of exotic and not quite the 5th state of matter methods... though just learned about. I do wonder what other U.S., Ally and/or Soviet scientists and their programs that were military were captured that advanced Theremin or other remote transmission and sensing tech. Thanks for sharing Kathy!
How I enjoy your lectures. Great.
Now, say my name.
You have a unique storytelling ability combined with great scientific knowledge. I wonder if you are aware of the Princeton graduate and professional baseball player, Moe Berg, who acted as a spy for the U.S . He attended Heisenberg's Zurich lecture, armed with a gun. Wikipedia: "At the beginning of December, news about Heisenberg giving a lecture in Zürich reached the OSS. Berg was assigned to attend the lecture and determine "if anything Heisenberg said convinced him the Germans were close to a bomb." If Berg concluded that the Germans were close, he had orders to shoot Heisenberg; Berg determined that the Germans were not close.[45] During his time in Switzerland, Berg became close friends with physicist Paul Scherrer. Berg resigned from the OSS after the war, in January 1946."
As always, a great video.
Excellent video. Very well researched
So Gustavo is Hitler, I see
@T-Rex-nm1se
Жыл бұрын
Makes sense, since they were both pure evil.
Kathy consistently equates working on military applications of nuclear physics to building an atomic bomb. But Heisenberg consistently held that Germany didn't have the resources to build a bomb (possibly because he miscalculated how much U235 was needed) and he mainly directed the Uranium Club to studying nuclear power.
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
Жыл бұрын
Why do you say that Heisenberg helped that Germany didn’t have the resources to build a bomb? Is there anything and I mean anything prior to 1945 that supports that theory? Because there’s lots that supports the opposite including military letters that he wrote for the Nazis (as well as telling Bohr directly that he thought he could make the bomb).
@1maico1
11 ай бұрын
@@Kathy_Loves_Physics Heisenberg told Albert Speer the armaments minister in 1942 atomic weapons would not be ready before 1947. Speer pulled all funding in the fall of 1942 knowing the war would be settled one way or the other by then and the resources involved were better used elsewhere. Some smaller funding for reactor research continued for the purpose of energy generation.
Great channel!
As an atomic spectroscopist, these names are all familiar but I never bothered to examine the history behind those names. You inspired me to look up Johannes Stark since some past research involved his "effect" as well as all the others ... Bohr, Heisenberg, etc. So thanks!!
There is no such thing as too much Kathy Loves Physics & History. Cheers from Australia. :-)
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
4 жыл бұрын
I am not sure about that!
U can't blame him for loving his country no more then u can blame Americans for loving American
your discussions concerning the humanity of these men has done a lot for me.Heizenberg is a classical tragic figure such as Macbeth
Thanks you for all details.
Most enlightening. Thanks for your deep digging and presentation. Heisenberg is no longer the hero I thought him to be. Pragmatism can kill. How does it go? 'When good men turn their back on evil..."
@Kathy_Loves_Physics
2 жыл бұрын
I was so disappointed in him.
@kishoretiwari8141
2 жыл бұрын
You can always accept the good being offered. And not all events in history are pure good vs evil. For Ex: People in UK consider Churchill as war hero, while the same individual is seen as mass murderer in Bengal.
@marvin2678
Жыл бұрын
For me He still is mostly even tho im jewish
@derimperator3476
11 ай бұрын
@@kishoretiwari8141Or look at how many people Churchill sent to death at Gallipoli, useless deaths.
@Zurvanox
10 ай бұрын
@@Kathy_Loves_PhysicsI think you are viewing him from an American perspective. To leave everyting behind you treasure because your country is ruled by a regime is not an easy decision to make. It seems to me like you paint him in a bad light just for staying and living in Germany, because Germany at the time was „bad“ and in consequence working there must be too. In the end there was no greater ramification and he did indeed help the physics community during those times, even if he had to compromise with the people in power. You in return judge him for not abondoning everything he worked for. It seems like the historic arrogance of those looking back. He himself in the Interviews he gave in german was not a narcissitic person to think himself the center of german science. Please consider a more factual approach.