Historian: So why did you design it this way? Aesthethic, efficiency, or protection? Architect (avoiding taxes) : *Money!*

@krzysztof765

3 жыл бұрын

Sounds like Wrocław. In Wrocław you had to pay from the land your building occupied so they started to be thin but tall while in Lviv law was more loose so ppl over there build their homes wide and short. Both cities make beauty contrast

@goldenhate6649

3 жыл бұрын

@@krzysztof765 and that argument still holds to this day

@arthas640

3 жыл бұрын

My family has worked construction for at least 4 generations in the Pacific Northwest and I can definitely see this happening. We do ALOT to avoid taxes and permits (legally).

@davidweikle9921

3 жыл бұрын

Avoiding taxation is natural, understandable and noble.

@Mithr4s

2 жыл бұрын

In Belgium, up to the 20th century, they had a tax calculated by the amount of doors and windows your building had. That way, they didn't need to actually enter the buildings, just count the amount of openings. So people began to brick their windows and doors up to a minimum. Its still visible today on buildings from that period, you'll see where a window used to be but its completely filled up with bricks.

A minecraft player would say: "to stop the spiders getting over the wall" as overhang prevents the spiders from getting to the top of the wall

@jsmith2121

4 жыл бұрын

Actually, that's a great hypothesis: burglary prevention. In ancient Rome, the ground floor was the cheapest due mostly to security concerns. Your concept makes a lot of sense. It would be damned hard for the average burglar to creep around that outcropping. The next question is, do we have evidence of locks between the ground and second floor?

@maikomarx

4 жыл бұрын

That’s exactly what I was thinking when I saw the title/thumbnail

@fatribz

4 жыл бұрын

that and to have a spot to enjoy the outdoors at ground level without being rained on! but then you make a tower with canopied balconies. itsa gg!

@angluneenon

4 жыл бұрын

@@fatribz rain flies at an angle, you'd have to rum round the outside of the castle every time the wind changes direction

@fatribz

4 жыл бұрын

@@angluneenon oo true. I meant in minecraft where we don't have wind (unfortunately, maybe)

Another reason for having the overhang on timber buildings might have been to provide a wider roof to shed rainwater and snowmelt away from the foundation.

@myscreen2urs

2 жыл бұрын

They used to throw their trash out onto the streets from their windows in medieval times. Maybe it was to prevent dumping on the floor below's heads or the ground floor porch🤔

@PpAirO5

Жыл бұрын

Just about the same thought i had. But it might also be because of having an overhang to seek cover under when raining. Also maybe you'd have to pay some land/ground/area tax for the ground or area your building occupies. So building higher, and with overhang you get more area without having to pay additional area/ground tax... if that makes sense.

Overhangs on castles also help to make setting ladders up against the wall more difficult.

@duudsuufd

4 жыл бұрын

I don't know if there already existed these kind of ladders which you have to extend by pulling a rope. If so, even with a very small overhang, these were useless to reach the top of the wall.

@pederdavisson9124

4 жыл бұрын

But it’s surrrrrre nice to have even a bit of overhang where there’s an accepted practice of tossing pots full of piss out without regard to anyone who might be below.

@Superknullisch

4 жыл бұрын

@@duudsuufd Why? Because they had to be leaned against the wall to begin with, while pulling up the extension bit of the ladder? Sure, if they had to do it that way, it would make it very difficult or downright impossible. But why wouldn't they have ropes attached somewhere at the ladders top 1/3? You know, so to enable the ladder being pulled slightly out from the wall to surpass the jutting?

@duudsuufd

4 жыл бұрын

@@Superknullisch Yes, that is what I meant (not always easy to explain such things in English). But if they need men to pull the ladder slightly back, which is possible, these men have to stand in the 'fire line' so they were more easy to attack than those already against the wall.

@bobobo2224

4 жыл бұрын

No. Ladders don't need to lean against the whole wall. Just a point of contact near the top. Plus ladders don't come in 1 size. When attacking, all ladders would be made to the exact size they needed before attacking.

In 500 years a guy in a shirt with some modern day item on it, will sit in a piece of IKEA furniture, and talk about why we build skyscrapers the way we did. And properly come to the conclusion. It looked good.

@geraldgrenier8132

6 жыл бұрын

a lot of features on many sky scrapers are decorative, in some cases additions to claim bonus height.

@sintasweifell5144

6 жыл бұрын

It will be Shads descendant, I'm sure lol

@stephengrant4841

6 жыл бұрын

Radja Amidala just like how hundreds of years ago, Shads ancestor wore a shirt bearing cave man clubs and sat in an antique chair telling people why cave men did things the way they did. It is the family profession of Shads.

@foodforfat6603

6 жыл бұрын

It will be his great x50 grandson and he will be selling stylish shirts as well

@bat353

6 жыл бұрын

skyscrapers are not designed to look good that's why they look like giant blocks of cement

An historian tell me, this is also (in some countries) because of the taxes you had to pay for the area of your house in contact with the ground. So people were building more space on the first floor to have bigger houses, with less taxes haha.

@DEFAULTTTT

5 жыл бұрын

This. Thank you.

@Catalistic

5 жыл бұрын

Isn't this still a thing today? Since you are being taxed by ground surface area.

@gui_teruaki

5 жыл бұрын

@@Catalistic Today should be constructed area, not only ground floor

@virginiastirnweis5214

5 жыл бұрын

I heard the same thing about the taxes.

@TheNIX001

5 жыл бұрын

Yep i learned that too

Having the upper floor overhang the lower wall is first and foremost a physics issue. It directs the stresses evenly downward through the wall into the ground, rather than placing a sideways force on the wall. Also, having this overhang tends to protect the top of the wall from the elements, keeping rain from entering the structure through the top juncture of the floor and the wall. This was important during the development of mortar and more modern joining techniques.

@annwachter5985

4 жыл бұрын

Your two answers are the best of many good reasons: when the foundation erodes so goes the roof.

You forgot an obvious one mate, it assists with water shedding during rain. Even stone needs to shed water because the mortar would erode from water pooling up and freezing/thawing. This was especially important during the more frigid conditions during the 14th century. All your other points were awesome and I learned a lot. I'll be mindful of them as we develop our medieval castle seige game. Thanks for the awesome video!

There was another reason. Medieval houses didn't have gutters. These old houses wattle and daub houses would deteriorate by the water running of the walls. If you jet out the floor above, the water will not run down the entire length and dampen the walls. In Europe lots of older house have walls leaning over. This was done on purpose for the same reason.

@72strand

5 жыл бұрын

Exactly, and stone walls don't need water if you want them to last.

@ratankabidge8589

4 жыл бұрын

In addition to water drainage, this also included garbage and excrement, which was often just tossed out the window (no plumbing at the time of course)

@rickpezzoni3443

4 жыл бұрын

Pieter UR SO RIGHT ,!!!!!

@rickpezzoni3443

4 жыл бұрын

Pieter ALSO BALCONEYS WERE MADE TO THROW GARBAGE IN THE STREET OR GUTTER THATS Y MEN WOULD WALK ON THE STREET SIDE I THINK!!!!!!!!

@adelalazur3341

4 жыл бұрын

@@ratankabidge8589 It wasn't happening that often. Here a video about it: kzread.info/dash/bejne/m36rlNGwZ82onsY.html

I have absolutely no idea why or how this popped up in my recommended videos, but I'm glad it did. I actually learned something.

@MrEzilkannan

6 жыл бұрын

Same here, lol

@Phataku

6 жыл бұрын

Same for me. I don't usually watch architecture videos. Don't know why this was recommended, but I thoroughly enjoyed it. You have my sub, Sir.

@BC3012

6 жыл бұрын

Same

@dennismendoza8904

6 жыл бұрын

Same here. Probably because I was watching GOT-related videos. I'm not complaining though.

@bhalgrumtahnuehuk3722

6 жыл бұрын

same here but i subscribed quickly :)

"I just thought that it would look cool" - medieval architect

@d-emprahexpects849

3 жыл бұрын

"plus, you can shit from your window" - the same medieval architect

I’ve lived in Germany and they had a lot of houses like that in the villages and I loved it.

@vuelvoel2011

9 күн бұрын

nobody cares

Why do medieval buildings overhang their lower floors? BECAUSE DRAGONS, THAT'S WHY!!!

@aaronwoods7967

6 жыл бұрын

but, WHAT ABOUT DRAG- oh.. never mind.

@incendere244

6 жыл бұрын

Ohhhhhoh Oh oh i hate you

@Whitpusmc

6 жыл бұрын

Brun Grisâtre No, because the Katana is the best sword ever!!

@sieglindehochroth322

6 жыл бұрын

WHAT???? In Medievil Times, Dragons were a serial Issue in Germany. Thats, why people call that Time "Evil"... Although, in that Time they named the Dragons "Inquisition"... No Scales, but killing with Fire... Now, the Dragons are still alive... Someones very well fed in Rome and someones, very hungry in the Middle East... But Dragons will be still Dragons... Where is the Stormborn to tame them?

@planpitz4190

6 жыл бұрын

"Did you forget to take your meds? " Placebo

This video was actually very interesting and well done. No offense, but I didn't have high hopes at the beginning and I actually ended up watching the whole thing glued to the monitor. Well done.

I was informed by a structural engineer that the overhang was designed to let water run off the buildings and protect it. Such buildings do not have gutters or a gully but this system worked well as an alternative.

I always assumed one of the reasons for the very small overhang on castles was rain and snow. When you have a slight extension on an otherwise uncovered wall, all the rain and snow is going to drip off that extension instead of down the entire wall, thus keeping the erosion of the overall wall reduced. In turn, it is cheaper to reface and repair just the crenelations of the wall rather than the entire wall.

Jettying of houses became so bad that they were very close at the top floors. This contributed to rapid spread of fire because it could easy jump across streets. After the Great Fire of London they were banned in the UK as a result.

@natashasurvivallady8021

6 жыл бұрын

That actually makes a lot of sense. I imagine that at times the roofs would get ridiculously close together, eliminating the need for the fire to jump very much at all. Yikes.

@bunnywarren

6 жыл бұрын

It also causes a reduction in air movement and could make foul smells linger on the streets, especially when they were used as an open sewer.

@exomancer3632

6 жыл бұрын

It'd be great for any thieves looking to jump from roof to roof to cross the city.

@edi9892

6 жыл бұрын

Some cities had a new-cobble-stone street every few years, since the dirt piled up and no-one bothered to remove it. In other places it was thrown over the city wall until it became a rampart... You have no idea how bad it must have smelled: excretion, animals, food-waste, moldy stuff (old hay, wood and leather pieces)...

@quentinbean348

6 жыл бұрын

Its also why town squares were so popular, because that was the only place someone could experience sunlight.

This video made me realize just how beautiful medieval houses looked. Thank you, Shad, for teaching me something today. :D

I was waiting for him to tell us jettying on stone is: MACHICOLATION!!

I agree it looks brilliant. I'm from the Netherlands and we have our own style of medieval buildings, but nothing compares to British cottages surrounded by quaint pubs and shops and beautiful hills outside the villages.

Small advice here : perhaps when you define something (like jettying), when it's a word that is not commonly used, you should write it somewhere on the screen in your video. It would makes it way easier to learn, understand and remember, especially for the foreigners like me :) I understand english well but since it's not my native language, that would be greatly appreciated. By the way, I love your videos !

@gothcoth

3 жыл бұрын

thank you for spelling it out, i was confused on how to spell jettying!

@Jayako12

2 жыл бұрын

I got frustrated I couldn't find out and came searching for this comment

@myscreen2urs

2 жыл бұрын

Should've made a shirt with 'jettying' on it

I thought it was because they shit out of windows

@stevenelson9220

6 жыл бұрын

Goddamn Larry you're everywhere lol

@godofcrap42

6 жыл бұрын

No- they shat through the machiculations

@lanasmith4795

6 жыл бұрын

GoDoFcRaP42 typically on invading foreigners trying to steal your Castle

@jessicak352

6 жыл бұрын

As a Dane I would def shite out me window if. say a swede attacked me walls.

@byronp2311

6 жыл бұрын

They were more civilized than that. They shat and pissed in chamber pots and threw THAT out the window.

Hobbit holes. Pros vs Cons of a underground house in medieval times.

@TheEdM3

4 жыл бұрын

Can you imagine raw timber against all of that humidity?

@MonkeyJedi99

4 жыл бұрын

Pros: temperature control, maximizing the use of your grazing land, security. cons: moisture (can be mitigated by contouring and construction methods), few windows/poor indoor light (can be mitigated by directionality of the outer wall). - Underground/hillside houses were even built during the westward expansion of America.

@aleksanderamundsen6697

4 жыл бұрын

Flooding would be fun.. 😂

@demoncet1998

3 жыл бұрын

@@MonkeyJedi99 they were commonly called sod houses and were used for the first few years, while the actual house was being built. they were then used most often for storage or shelter for livestock.

Shad, seriously, why the heck did i not get lucky enough to have you be my history teacher in school. I sucked at history and it was one of my worst subjects. But tbh i already learn more from your vids than i ever did in history class all my years of school. And you make it more entertaining to listen to as well

You know content is good when you didn't know you wanted it. Thanks for the video

@Rai2M

6 жыл бұрын

... and watched all of it :) Yes :)

@DanteYewToob

6 жыл бұрын

Nah, you know it's good when you look down and realize... "damn that was almost 20 minutes?" And wish it was longer..

"Have you ever wondered why?" Nope, but I'm sure glad you brought my attention to this because now I'm wondering.

old video I know, but I've always mimic/recreated this medieval house style when playing minecraft, both in creative and survival, even if it takes longer, it just looks so nice! Another reason I think they did it this way, is because the lower section, was usually used or storage and tools, or working tables outside, so it ALSO provides shadow on sunny days and cover on rainy days. Stone walls also give a small lv. of defense by having the "living floor" lower and not at ground Lv. (same in minecraft. except it provides shadow (hiding) for zombies or skeletons.

I thought the lack of indoor plumbing might have to do with it. Dumping the pot out the window and not hitting the floor below... priceless

@d-emprahexpects849

3 жыл бұрын

Absolutely agree!! Plus if you're poor (think Monty Pithons paesants) and own no buckets, you could just overhang the butt outside and go on with morning rites. Fantastic 👍

@reinerzufall2192

3 жыл бұрын

I don't think that was common Practice. I mean they had gong farmers.

My assumption is rain. The overlaps keep rain away from the house. Rain erodes stone and can compromise the structural integrity of the building. In addition, pedestrians can duck under them during a rain storm.

@glisero4043

6 жыл бұрын

Plus, you can always just pour down that bucket of number 2 from the window without worrying about it landing on someone.

@xander1052

6 жыл бұрын

Yeah, does definitely help with that too, since you get serious amounts of cover with a 3 story building, as in from rain, not the number 2 lol.

@HALberdier17

6 жыл бұрын

Koyomi Araragi That was my assumption as well.

@JonatasAdoM

6 жыл бұрын

Amazing for medieval stores

@Just_A_Dude

6 жыл бұрын

Glisero That bucket-toss is why it was considered proper etiquette for a gentleman to walk on the road-facing side of the sidewalk when escorting a lady. If someone empties the chamber pot at the wrong moment, he takes the splash for her.

Was it not simply because in Elizabethan and Tudor times, property taxes were paid on the amount of ground space a house took up?

@LightCrasher

6 жыл бұрын

Yeah, taxes was the first reason came to mind before I watched this.

@auntjen-jen902

6 жыл бұрын

This was my first thought and was going to post same comment. How did he not know this???

@johannesvonsaaz3987

6 жыл бұрын

Aunt Jen-Jen because he an american.

@trijigon

6 жыл бұрын

Amenhotep Pimpernel III he's obviously not...

@helltheofficialsequel2730

6 жыл бұрын

He seems pretty American to me.

Such a great video! I used this technique on my farm house in Minecraft, using a very similar layout with stone on the first floor and wood on the second floor with a slight overhang. Of course I didn't know what I was doing or why it worked, my building was based on some other Minecraft houses I'd seen, but it's really cool hearing why jettying works and why it was used historically. Great stuff, I always think of you as "the sword guy" but I really enjoy this kind of historical study. 👍🏻

@johnsmithe4656

2 жыл бұрын

Me reading your comment: you: " I used this technique on my farm house..." me: "Cool!" you: "...in Minecraft..." me: "Oh......."

Recently discovered your stuff Shad, and I've enjoyed everything I've watched, but this is your best imho. Really, really interesting and informative. Cheers mate!

I liked the point about using physics to reduce the sagging of the beams.

@robertgeddes6821

6 жыл бұрын

ditto

@harryhagan5937

5 жыл бұрын

Yes. That actually makes sense. In masonry, it's called corbelling.

I never realized I would find medieval upper floor overhangs so interesting! And everyone who watched this now has a new favorite word.

@joemcdonald3448

6 жыл бұрын

thattheresagirl Whats the word?

@joemcdonald3448

6 жыл бұрын

thattheresagirl Is the bird the word?

@shawngreen3476

6 жыл бұрын

xD

@Andrei-Marian

6 жыл бұрын

Realisationsvinstbeskattning

@AlwaysReason

6 жыл бұрын

Timber.

"MACHICOLATIONS!!" *Roll credits*

@pagansunite4005

4 жыл бұрын

I was totally waiting for that lol!

@beccabbea2511

3 жыл бұрын

or Murder Holes.

"You have seen those houses in movies, documentaries ... whatever." ? Yea, in Europe people still LIVE in well preserved and renovated houses of that time.

@leesawford

4 жыл бұрын

zaneta barsic-schneider -lol. That’s exactly what I was thinking !

@Kwizii

3 жыл бұрын

Yeah, I live in one! (downtown city of Bourges, France)

@GB-yt9sn

3 жыл бұрын

I thought this too

@cottawalla

3 жыл бұрын

Shad is Australian (based on accent), where no structure is older than 250 years.

I live in germany and here in my local town you jettyed because u only paid taxes for the bottom floor. that is atleast the information i got from the local museum.

@hankrearden20

6 жыл бұрын

vegard herøy Possibly. Here in the States I've heard something similar, but in regards to the width of a house. So in some older cities houses are long but thin.

@haraldhermann6723

6 жыл бұрын

The same pattern or modifications of it can be found all around europe in older settlements. Either be it long houses or several houses build in a row . The most plausibel explanation is that in medival cities , the main reason for taxation was the bulding and maintaining of citiywalls, while in more rural aereas the main reason for community taxes was the building an maintanining of road, so a taxation of either space or roadlength your building or property takes make perfect sence. What strenghents the hypothesis in my opinion is the fact that this style of building was mostly discontinued after citywalls became more and more obsolet and gouverment became more and more centralized. But that doesn't disprove that it might be a fasion thing too.

@ColonelSandersLite

6 жыл бұрын

+vegard herøy That sounds like myth to me. Broadly similar to the bakers dozen myth in the english speaking world. Why? Because it's not even remotely a Germanic phenomenon and it's unlikely that such a specific tax system with such a specific loophole would be that common throughout Europe. It also doesn't explain why you would go to the effort in a situation where you own more than just the land that the structure is sitting on.

@Otiosus95

6 жыл бұрын

why would it have to be a germanic phenomenon? "germany" at the time was also so extremely decentralized,as was most of europe. And with the state of the european states and the lack of unity when it comes to laws, why would it not be a common loophole? The last part of your comment i do not quite understand, idk if it is my lack of understanding of the english language or your formulation, but could u please expand on it so i can perhaps give you a more detailed response?

@ColonelSandersLite

6 жыл бұрын

You're looking at it backwards. For that specific loophole to exist in so many places, tax laws would have to be nearly identical in all those places. That is unlikely specifically because of the extreme decentralization. For the last part, I guess maybe there is a language/cultural barrier there that would need some explanation. A dozen is 12. A bakers dozen is 13. The myth goes: This comes from an old English fraud law with a very harsh penalty. To ensure that they complied with the law, bakers would include an extra muffin/biscuit/whatever. The problem is that it's not something exclusive to England. Other cultures also traditionally commonly sell baked goods in multiples of 13. The real reason for this one probably has to do with the layout of baked goods on a rectangular pan.

TAXES! Property tax on footprint of building.

@jmorgan8801

6 жыл бұрын

Jonathan Williams that's fucking ignorant.. taxes are theft? How else is your municipality going to pay to upkeep those pipes and wires that keep your house running?

@MrMezmerized

6 жыл бұрын

@Williams You MUST be an American (Republican). I have NEVER heard anyone from any other republic on the planet talk this tax nonsense. You pay for the city's services. Police / militia, street lighting, all infrastructure (+ maintainance), public buildings (probably also churches) and the city's administration. If you don't like paying those taxes.... sure no problem... just go live outside the city walls!

@DelaniDr

6 жыл бұрын

Why can't you pay for those services directly and voluntarily without going through the bureacracy?

@MrMezmerized

6 жыл бұрын

Voluntarily? Seriously? Do you actually believe everyone would just chip in fairly so the city will run smoothly? Never ever gonna happen. In case you haven't noticed, people tend to be stingy and/or greedy. Particularly Americans, it seems. They make a perfect example. The USA has elevated capitalism to supreme god. So many hate taxes, mandatory healthcare or whatever social policy not clearly benefitting themselves first. The disastrous effects of asocial corporate, personal and political views are visible all over the nation. It is obvious that many if not most people, particularly Americans. DO NOT WANT to contribute. Now imagine abolishing taxes. America would grind to a halt within a year, two tops. Also consider this: total privatisation would utterly disastrous because.... 1> You pay extra. Each business has its own structures with its own employees. 2> Paying many businesses instead of just the city is a lot of hassle for the consumer too. 3> You pay extra. Profit margins. 4> You pay A LOT extra. Without city wide coordination, prioritisation and pooling (part of the) funds, it would be a total mess... Imagine first the phone guys opening a road, then the sewer guys, the water guys, the electricity guys, the cable/internet guys. Road blocks all over the city, all year round. A VERY unhealthy living & business environment, leading to a death spiral as people and business go elsewhere. Infrastructure & city planning MUST be governed. 5> Companies must recruit donors for larger projects. IF they even get sufficient funds (!), the result will most likely be disconnected and disjointed infrastructure / services only/mostly useful to the donor group. And obviously, those donors expect favours in return. Favoritism and the common good cannot co-exist. 6> Social services would not be funded by those without need. So they would have to charge excessive fees, oh but wait... those in need often have trouble paying a normal fee. So... no social services. 7> Cultural institutions would suffer a massive blow if they must purely survive commercially / via donations. An unhealthily competitive world where small organisations, museums, dance groups etc. will not survive, and quality is inferior to marketing and advertising. 8> Sports, education and many other public facilities... again losses all over without any centralised funding. 9> Imagine law enforcement having to live off of donations. Geez, the corruption with nice big donors. And what if you're poor? No law enforcement for you! Need I go on? Like I said, total disaster.

@Nerobyrne

6 жыл бұрын

+Jonathan Williams property taxes are also not theft because the republic owns the property. You only purchase a usage license but the land is still owned by the state. The only big difference to feudalism is that instead of a single individual owning it, in a sense everyone owns it and the state is only there for administering it. This is best seen in that no matter who you are, you have to follow the same laws. This is called "distribution of power" and is essential in a republic, because this state system is designed to make it as hard as possible for one person or a small number of people to grab absolute power. Evidence that this doesn't work forever is how in the USA, members of congress can exempt themselves from rules that the rest of the population have to abide by. That is why many people living in other republics call the USA a failed state, because they failed in keeping the fundamental rule of any republic: Nobody is above the law, not even those who make them.

Hi! Thanks for your great work! In France, the lower part of the building was less big because the taxes the owner had to pay were based on the size of the footprint (on the size of the lower part), so by having a small lower part they paid less taxes.

As many people have no doubt commented already, at least in London, there was a tax on the amount of room your foundation could take up so eventually people got around that because the space above the first floor didn't have any restrictions on it, taxes speaking. this is why the Great London Fire(s) were so devastating, because they easily jumped from wooden building to wooden building; they were jettied to the high heavens, many were thought to be so close on the third and fourth floors that you could shake your neighbour's hand if you both leaned out your windows.

Maybe they played Minecraft and wanted to keep spiders out....

@Judasziege

6 жыл бұрын

I was just about to write about my Minecraft anti-spider fortifications. :D

@monsieurouxx

5 жыл бұрын

Well I haven't seen the entire video yet, but preventing rats from climbing was another reason.

@zacharyhandy9606

5 жыл бұрын

good thought, although did they have minecraft

@kanders7391

5 жыл бұрын

Everyone knows its half slabs around the edges that keeps spiders from climbing up and over.

@aarongoyvaerts438

5 жыл бұрын

Thank you. you made my day netter😂

Plus, with jettying, you have the benefit that if you pour your chamber pot out of the window, it won't land on the person looking out the window downstairs. =P

@phallus36

6 жыл бұрын

for some reason that's the first thing I thought of, and you don't get the walls below all poopy

@JosephHF

6 жыл бұрын

+phallus36 Yeah, me too, in fact, while the wet-rotting factor is undoubtedly sound, I still believe that chamber pots are likely the primary driving factor. Perhaps a comprehensive art historical study of medieval paintings could reveal the pedestrian walking patterns most common in that period. I myself would not tend to stray too far from any building's foundation, whether due to the soft rotting caused by rainfall, or the possibility of hard waste raining down from above.

@squamish4244

6 жыл бұрын

I always thought that was the reason, but these reasons are more convincing. That's like a side benefit I guess.

@tmd63

6 жыл бұрын

There were also toilets on the upper floors which were just a hole in the overhang. So you just sit on the hole and release your waste straight into the street.

@ewthmatth

6 жыл бұрын

Zzyzx Wolfe Ha! But you won't be able to see if someone is standing outside right under the overhang O_O

You forgot a major reason: Safety. Normally the living and sleeping quarters would be on the 2nd and/or 3rd floor (if available). Having sleeping quarters upstairs prevents wild animals and bugs from getting easy access to them. Not to mention thieves, cutthroats, rogues and other rabble. Most building would have a secured trap door separating the ground floor from the upper floors.

Please tell me more about this "walking" activity

@brandonarline1316

3 жыл бұрын

Yeah that's gibberish!

Interesting reasons, but wrong for the UK at least! This style of timber property was used as a work-around for land-tax. A property was taxed on its ground-floor footprint - this enabled larger properties (tall & with jetties) to exist with a lower tax. Another example of this in UK architecture is a 'Tax Window' - a window that has been bricked up to save on a window tax that existed in the 17-19th Centuries in Western Europe. Your other points may have merit, but the key reason for Tudor-age properties of this style is the Tax reason!

@thrand6760

6 жыл бұрын

Jasem Kashani except the viking settlers were doing it in york, it was done by the Norman settlers, pretty sure Romans also did it in some cases... it was being done long before the tudors despite your reason being why the style became more popular

@abstractpoet8977

6 жыл бұрын

This is the explanation I heard when I went to Germany.

@tototata6729

6 жыл бұрын

In France, I was told in school that the reason was taxes related as well. Don't know the reason why viking could have done it in York, but the Norman probably did it because they were French

@MrMischelito

6 жыл бұрын

yes, I also wondered why he didn't get to that (about tax). also for the castles he didn't get to the point why it was not a problem defensively if the battlement was extended outward without the use of machicolations.

@flatbastard9645

6 жыл бұрын

I remember hearing a similar explanation about A-frame style houses. Supposedly, at one point, a tax was put on walls, so people started building houses with as much roof as possible to save money. Might be bullshit though, I haven't read into it much.

It's to help keep hormone driven teen from climbing in and out of your house!

@Noone-rc9wf

6 жыл бұрын

JamcalX Overhangs: Stopping your neighbours from defiling your daughters since the 10th Century A.D!

@JonatasAdoM

6 жыл бұрын

Nah it's clearly a templar design to stop assassins from climbing the wall to the roof.

@Strawberry92fs

6 жыл бұрын

and those damn minecraft spiders!

@CAepicreviews

6 жыл бұрын

Also stopping invading Saracens from climbing in and defiling you and your daughters, since the 7th Century AD

@Just_A_Dude

6 жыл бұрын

Great, now I'm planning Minecraft ramparts. 2-3 blocks thick with stone fences 'floating' a block off the edge, extending one down every so often to give it a proper corbel-y look. Just have to grab a mod that lets you do stone-brick walls. Only question is the spacing on the corbels.

The 'Shambles' in the city of York, UK is a great example of these buildings. Cobbled streets and lots of medieval buildings overhanging onto the streets. Very cool and beautiful architectural style imo. Great vid Shad!

10:45 Me (AoE2 player back-in-the-day): MURDER HOLES!!!!

Okay, if you have no patience for the first half of the video: Reason 1: when you build a first floor on a (usually stone) foundation, you might as well have the floor beams overhang a bit to maximize floor space. Reason 2: the physics where the weight on the outer edges of these beams counteract sagging in the middle of the beam. Reason 3: design choice

@johntunney1864

5 жыл бұрын

This comment is underappreciated and im good on watching the commercials.

@k1llwizzy

5 жыл бұрын

2 seems like only reason thus was done, people in the 1500s didnt care how stuff looked. building the upper layer smaller makes the beams bend, bend beams don't only apply downward force, but also outwards, making your building collapse.

@maxmagnus777

5 жыл бұрын

u r the boss

@davidvondoom2853

5 жыл бұрын

Reason 4: Cost of materials. Stone first floors being more expensive than the upper wooden floors. (Ground floors being stone, to avoid wood rot) Reason 5: Ground floor zoning issues.

@jz400

5 жыл бұрын

Nick Koiter yet it looks cool now when you are stuck with High Ranches and odd shaped modern houses that look like crap.

Many an archer of the Night's Watch died due to The Wall's lack of machicolatioooons!

@puppetmasterey

6 жыл бұрын

Luis Héctor Parra DeLaRoche please elaborate. a man must know

@puppetmasterey

6 жыл бұрын

Luis Héctor Parra DeLaRoche please elaborate. a man must know

@hector_2999

6 жыл бұрын

Joey Frye During Mance Rayder's massive assault on The Wall, archers had to expose themselves to shoot a enemies that were too close to the structure. This is most evident when they want to repel the climbers, they had to be set perpendicular to the face of The Wall using ropes. Had there been any machicolatioooons, perhaps they could have killed Mag The Mighty, and Grenn would still be alive. But now his watch has ended...

@puppetmasterey

6 жыл бұрын

green is alive in the books.

@lolmandos

6 жыл бұрын

"We don't need no fancy machicoolatchions if we have a big ass blade that sweeps the wall against climbers!"

Just discovered your content this week. Subscribed and am grateful. Thank you for bringing what is obviously your passion to the rest of us. Well done!

And here I thought it was so you didn't dump your nightsoil on your downstairs neighbor's head...

You missed a point, during the time there was a land tax which applied to the footprint of the building, but didn't apply to the upper floors.

@smartalek180

6 жыл бұрын

Saw that coming. Much like the varying taxes assessed on windows in different eras.

@pinchman1167

6 жыл бұрын

it might also make it so rodents and other pests couldn't climb up the walls.

@pinchman1167

6 жыл бұрын

soundspark not when their completely upside down on the over hang.

@krankarvolund7771

6 жыл бұрын

And those taxes on windows led to walled windows to don't pay taxes :D

@krankarvolund7771

6 жыл бұрын

Are you sure of this? Because, based on the little I know of today Greece, there is more chance that the house isn't finished cause of the lack of money of the owner than a will of flood taxes. Because Greeks had a big economic crisis, and a very bad taxes system ^^'

I honesty thought it was so when you dumped things out your window, it wouldn't end up leaking down the lower levels of your house...

@bus6292

6 жыл бұрын

+Phil Spaces That's exactly what I thought - that it was so people wouldn't drench their children with turds and pee ...just random passersby, hahahaha

@MrDannyDetail

6 жыл бұрын

Pretty sure that reason is one of the main reasons for overhangs on medieval buildings. There is even a scene in Blackadder II where he is trying to sell his house and goes to great lengths to use long estate agent like words to describe the lavatorial overhang..... to which his prospective buyer matter of factly responds "you poop out the window?", the joke being that that was exactly what she was looking for.

@OrionBlastar

6 жыл бұрын

Chamber pots were used before they got flush toilets. Had to dump it out a window back then into the street.

@philspaces7213

6 жыл бұрын

If i recall correctly (documentary knowledge) this was carried on for long after just medieval times.... excavation of the streets of NYC shows that this happened historically in cities of America as well. it is truly amazing that even animals wont s#!t where they live and sleep.... leave it to humans

@wellesradio

6 жыл бұрын

That was my first thought, too!

Great video! I have been intrigued by "medieval" style buildings and wanted to know more about the architecture. You're channel is so packed with information, love to see!

More space, better drainage---the drip line was further out from the walls. Less wet rot

You forgot something! You want an overhang, because you want water, away from the wall at all times. Just a little bit overhang, makes the water fall, instead of hugging the wall.

@s13rr4buf3

6 жыл бұрын

John Strand Good for rainfall, but also if you're throwing buckets of gross stuff out of the windows into the street.

@iamedbytes

6 жыл бұрын

John Strand : Also gargoyles are fancy rain spouts. This keeps run off from the roof off the walls.

@moetoolbande

6 жыл бұрын

or you have a wrinkle like that, preventing the water from crawling towards the wall media4.bauemotion.de/media/59936/images/1754253px335x447.jpg

@michamcv.1846

6 жыл бұрын

and its cool , this houses are also symbol of wealth

Just found your channel and I have been obsessed with Knights and Medieval history my whole life. I wish we could live in a world that looked a bit more medieval. (I'll still keep my showers and luxuries, but still). Thanks for all you do!

Shad, Watched your first video tonight when it popped up as a recommendation. What a nicely done job! Great examples and nicely done animated graphics to explain the details. Glad I found it!

Just a small fact from someone who has worked in and studied masonry (building things with stone and brick) for several years. Overhanging parts stop/hinder rain from washing down the wall as much and stop it from washing away the soft lime mortar(the glue like stuff used to join brick and stone) they used back then. A well built stone wall with a big wooden structure over the top of it wouldn't need any repair work for hundreds of years. However, one constantly exposed to rain would need the mortar repaired every few months. Even on a castle where it was all stone, if you had a big overhang at the top, you'd only need to repair the top section regularly, everything underneath would be much less maintenance heavy. So it might also be a measure to reduce maintenance costs and requirements and to make the structure last longer.

me: I will go to sleep me two seconds later: ooh shad uploaded a new video!

@Noone-rc9wf

6 жыл бұрын

Ben Nipius Me: Oh, scrolling through KZread recommended videos... nothing good to watch... *sigh* AND THEN... NOTIFICATION *insert Latin angelical singing*

@littleman749

6 жыл бұрын

It's 5:30 pm for me when he uploaded. I'll go to bed later, and not lose sleep :D

@xander1052

6 жыл бұрын

Yep me too, and now I want a castle like house with Machicolations, so I can shoot people with a musket who are sieging said Castle of mine. 11:30 here.

@sephyrias883

6 жыл бұрын

+Nothing. Lacrimosa Dies Illa Qua Resurget Ex Favilla Judicandus Homo Reus Lacrimosa Dies Illa Qua Resurget Ex Favilla Judicandus Homo Reus

@alyzz9863

6 жыл бұрын

He always uploads around 1 pm (east Europe). And I have to watch it each time!

I do it in Minecraft to keep the spiders out

@JoshSideris

6 жыл бұрын

That's ingenious.

@matthewmorrison3745

6 жыл бұрын

Or, you could just make sure your roof overhangs

@FrauleinMuller999

6 жыл бұрын

Spiders cant climb cellar-type flat surfaces?

@night_watch720

4 жыл бұрын

@@FrauleinMuller999 your a year late on that one bud, just like I am lol

I’ve seen some of these styles during my Tbilisi visit , wondered why, thanks this was very informative as is your castle videos, I’m currently building my FO4 castle and came here for info on castles and found much more. Great channel

When I was a timber framer....we called it a cantilever.

I got here totally by accident. But i'm glad i did. I learned something today. Thank you!

@darrenharris9475

6 жыл бұрын

Paulo Brasil i

@that1carrot765

6 жыл бұрын

same!

You know I saw this on my recommendations and just stared at the title for a bit and then I went, you know, that's a good fucking question! :/ And then I clicked. So good job.

@robi4544

6 жыл бұрын

I did the same thing

6 жыл бұрын

So dumb. How did you not learn this in school, when you were 6 years old?

@luciusavenus8715

6 жыл бұрын

Not ev.ery.b.ody is an it.chy ro.bot

@solarnaut

6 жыл бұрын

Suuucker!!! Ha Haaa... Huh? what, me...? errr... uuum..oh, yah, same, I guess. oops! Some click-bait is worth eating! ;-) I wish you could see the thumbs up/ thumbs down ratio prior to clicking... good stuff tends to have a 10:1 ratio or better, though 100:1 is quite rare. Lots of rancid clickbait is 2:1 or less ... but, too, political divide skews many votes... we need Machicolations to keep away those Machicolatioooons Deniers!

@KatsPurr

6 жыл бұрын

Me too!

Very informative. Thank you I've always wondered about this and all your theories are quite practical.

13:30 reminds me of Stronghold where you sometime wind up with walls that look 20ft/6m tall and 5ft/1.5m thick. I was always amazed that my men didnt fall off (I usually made thin walls in areas to hem enemies in and made thick walls where they usually attacked, such as near bridges and river fords).

Well...I still prefer my theory! It’s so when you’re throwing your poop out onto the street it don’t hit your house wall lol Great video though! Very informative.

@arthas640

5 жыл бұрын

it also helps keep stains from developing if you use the ol' "lean yur ass out the window" pooping strategy.

@CraigLeeHill

4 жыл бұрын

I agree... any medivil street would have a gutter (Sewer as with the Romans) running down the centre and throwing out of the window your PissPot in the morning was quite normal. If you were a Time travelor you would not have to put up with stink because of the STENCH!

@kathymayes4290

4 жыл бұрын

@Craig Hill: I just asked if anyone had mentioned that! Totally agree.

@terriemartinez9989

4 жыл бұрын

It is because of the poop in the streets that people created high heeled/soled shoes. Also, usually the bottom ruffle on the ladies dressese were brown/black or dark blue for the poop reason too. Urine they saved in pots outside their doors for the tanners.

@NoCoverCharge

4 жыл бұрын

That was my conclusion as well ....bring out your dead?!!

I wish cities were still made with walking distance in mind. I prefer to walk, and it'd be great for the environment.

@Wetcorps

6 жыл бұрын

To be fair, there are a lot more people around now.

@Just_A_Dude

6 жыл бұрын

More than ten times as many. Literally. Global population in as of April 2017 is estimated at roughly 7.5 billion. The exact decade varies, but all estimates put the global population reaching 750 million sometime in the 1700s.

@LightningDragonGamer

6 жыл бұрын

so? thats not my fault

@AmarothEng

6 жыл бұрын

Still, most of houses have very low amount of floors (1-2), cover a lot of space and have as big fenced garden around them as possible, at least whenever you get out of city centers. Walking distance? What is it, we've got all kinds of crap like buses, trams and so on. Who cares that we are fat and get completely exhausted after 3 kilometres of walking. Thats why whenever I've got time, I always walk, as long as my destination is within 1 hour of walking distance.

@Just_A_Dude

6 жыл бұрын

Dev Lightning Dude, I was agreeing with you.

My old history teacher told me that the small overhang on castles (the ones you talked about in the end) were not only made as decoration but also still had a protective use. As you mentioned at the start, when the "bad guys" got too close to the wall, the "good guys" on top of the wall had a very difficult time reaching the "bad guys". The baddies could still easily take a shot at the goodies before stepping back into cover. By extending the machicolations out, even only a tiny bit, the baddies would have to step out further to reach the goodies, giving the people on the wall more time to take a shot at them. So yes! It did look good and was used often times as decoration, but in the meantime served a protective purpose and strategic thought.

I thought it was because when they tossed their bedpans out the window, so the neighbors don't get any blow back...whaa, wait, no...So you see Shad, tis' a good thing you have come to answer these obscure and rarely thought of inquiries about medieval structures and present them to your curious public...Shad, you are the *M A N* Thanks, and appreciated!

@night_watch720

4 жыл бұрын

Thats what I said lol I thought it was because they didn't have plumming and they had to throw the compost out the windows ;-P

Other bonuses are, it creates larger overhang diverting rain run off farther away from foundation and doorways, windows. Also in timber frame construction, corners especially end up with a lot of material removed for joinery, jettison helps minimize joints all in the same place. IT creates covering around perimeters like a porch with haiving to build one.

@brasschick4214

6 жыл бұрын

MisterSoul99 - Agreed, no gutters and downpipes either.

@MrBeautrix

6 жыл бұрын

This. And the same applies to castles, which, of course, were generally covered in plaster and whitewash, not bare stone. When you make an immense effort to build something like a castle, you wouldn't want it to start crumbling and looking like a ruin in your lifetime, due to the mortar in the joints being washed and eroded away. Plus, a smooth wall is much harder to assaut than a bare stone wall, which is basically a climbing course. The overhang, minute as it may be, acts to divert the rain from the upper sections of the wall, which were the hardest to repair, for obvious reasons. This has been done throughout history and still today, though we usually resort to zinc to cap off walls, at least in Portugal. Well, my two cents.

@yetanotherperson6436

6 жыл бұрын

I don't know if you are right but I suspect you are. I lived in a 15th-16th century house that had some walls made of wattle and daub or lime or something like that and the walls were always wet in the winter. The walls were not jettied, so there was an obvious problem, that would have been seen and dealt with somehow.

@bernieleenercranz9046

6 жыл бұрын

That's what I was thinking. *thumbs up*

@janpospisilm

6 жыл бұрын

This was also my guess. When water can get directly to your foundation. Walls start to lean outwards as a consequence to wet ground outside and dry ground inside. Protection of foundations of such old buildings (no concrete) from water has major stabilizing effects. Also there are some convenience benefits, you have a rain protected passage to a nearby toilet and you can hang and dry crops.

in AOE2, if you don't research "murder holes", your towers and castles can't shoot arrows at enemies who are attacking in close range. Now I learned better.

@codingpikachu3333

6 жыл бұрын

Machicolations, are LITERALLY murder holes, if you think about it haha!

@DaddyMouse

5 жыл бұрын

Unless you play the Teutons, then you get murder holes for free c:

@FurnitureFan

5 жыл бұрын

They did build out, on cantilevered platforms. I thought that's what the holes were for.

I agree, I’ve always loved that style of architecture. My dream future home is a Tudor style home

There's another reason for jettying houses, one that's connected to why they did it to castles. See, in Medieval and Tudor times there weren't sewage systems, so they would've gone through holes in upper floors that overhung the street below. I understand that not only were the streets filled with the stuff, but also the buildings' walls had people's "waste" dribbling down them as well.

I love this style of architecture as well. When I was in Belgium I got to go to a town where they built the builds as per their original construction, this not only let me see this, but also Victorian and Gothic styled architecture,all next to one another. I was a very interesting trip, the city was also called Zeebrugge for those who are interested.

@Lttlemoi

6 жыл бұрын

If you ever have the chance, you should visit Bruges itself, the city of which Zeebrugge is the port. There, large amounts of the original medieval architecture are still preserved and even protected. Many other European cities also still have large parts of their old city center preserved the way they were in (late-)medieval times.

@Nerudah

6 жыл бұрын

You didn't visit Brugge wtf?

@MuchWoW56

6 жыл бұрын

was only stopping by in Belgium, after spending the day in Zeebrugge, I had to head out to Estonia.

@Nerudah

6 жыл бұрын

That's a shame. Brugge is one of the most beautiful cities in Western Europe IMHO.

Might Jettying be inspired by battlements? "Look we got this cool castly stuff on our house."

@eldorados_lost_searcher

6 жыл бұрын

Jan Plewa Or possibly the other way around?

@Kaumoo

6 жыл бұрын

+Garret LeBuis "oh look I got this normal house shit on my epic castle"

@nathanoconnor421

6 жыл бұрын

+Kaumoo 😂😂😂😂😂

Keep it up with the "Machicolatioooons!" and we're going to end up with the successor to "Excelsior!" Great video and great info.

@arthas640

5 жыл бұрын

I'd love to hear him yell "Machicolatioooons!" at least once an episode. Make it a catch phrase :D

i want to make a small mention about one other reason to extend stone ornaments outwards on a wall... at some point in time they used brick patterns going outwards as functional decoration to prevent mice getting under the roof. not sure in what period of time that started

Personally, I think medieval houses look better than modern houses.

@Erika-gn1tv

6 жыл бұрын

Alkosh Aren't more pleasant to live in however.

@edi9892

6 жыл бұрын

Depends. If you live in a thick walled stone-house, it is nice and cool in summer. Timber-frame-houses are said to have good room climate too, but most of them are rather poorly isolated.

@aurourus6894

6 жыл бұрын

They are quite pleasant.

@khorps4756

6 жыл бұрын

Aurourus are you the Aurourus on the mount and blade forum?

@aurourus6894

6 жыл бұрын

ye

Excellent video. How form followed function, and ended up as fashion.

@cybersasho

6 жыл бұрын

good job

@Peterwhitlock

6 жыл бұрын

actually he got some of it wrong and it was much more practical about weather and had not much to do with other reasons but as a side effect... they were never built to use to protect till after it was noticed it could as all of them had main function of making water miss the wall and prevent self destructing spots.

The real reason is when you toss night soils out it doesn't come back in.

@richardwebb2348

4 жыл бұрын

wrong - too many Hollywood movies

@afganno3385

4 жыл бұрын

i love shitting into paper bags.

@djjomann569

3 жыл бұрын

@@afganno3385 good for you. I prefer a toilet with toilet paper

this kind of videos is what i follow your channel shad, thanks for all of this context and investigation

Funny - I had three predictions as to why this would be and you touched on none of them. 1) Defensively I figured having extended ramparts would make it more difficult to have people trying to scale the walls, maybe not with ladders, but for sure with ropes. 2) chamber pots. Having an extension means if someone on the third and the second floor are chucking out their night soil at the same time, they're far less likely to dump it on one another. 3) taxes - if you're taxed on square footage of your house, having a smaller bottom floor might result in less taxes, particularly in cities. The reasons you cited make a lot of sense, don't get me wrong, but I found myself amused that I was sure I'd know the reason and not so much.

@iamedbytes

6 жыл бұрын

MrsRCharlton : In Holland they had narrow houses. There was a large beam and a pulley system on the top floor. The inner stairways were too narrow to bring furniture up. You open large doors on each floor and winch your furniture up the outside.

@jlk103144

6 жыл бұрын

MrsRCharlton, I am so happy that someone was able to actually state some of the reasons. Fortunately my "Ancient Civ/Middle Ages professor mentioned them. Taxes was the main reason, because a house was taxed on the ground space it was using. And secondly, getting rid of sewage was another huge reason. People never walked in the middle of the street because that was where all the manure/urine was thrown out into the streets. And having an overhang allowed pedestrians walk close to the building and not have all that crap land on to them. All it would take is for someone to throw manure on a noble only to have same noble kick the door down and cut off your head. Incidentally, this is where the tradition of lower rank walking on the left of higher rank originated. Walking on the right side of the street, the highest ranking person was able to walk under the overhand. The lower ranks were more exposed because they occupied the left. That's why today, the enlisted soldier walks to the left of the sergeant, who walks to the left of the captain, who walks to the left of the colonel.

@MrDrawingattention

6 жыл бұрын

MrsRCharlton I always thought it was to prevent scaling as well. But I've only watched GOT and LOTR so I'm biased.

@sharonsloan

6 жыл бұрын

My first thought was the contents of chamber pots were chucked out the window, so overhangs were needed. Second thought was tax on land used.

@WiigWiig

6 жыл бұрын

That was what I thought as well, about the scaling. But look at the actual castles, they're almost all less than a couple feet out. That doesn't really make it any more difficult to scale with rope. But, the machicolations would make it very easy for defenders to fuck you up while you're scaling, so there's that.

I didn't knew that medieval architecture could be so interesting.

@OpenGL4ever

6 жыл бұрын

These overhangs help to prevent spider zombies from climbing over your fortress. That's why they were made.

@JorgetePanete

6 жыл бұрын

nelmaven know*

@JorgetePanete

6 жыл бұрын

OpenGL4ever well, in minecraft that works

@kingtoruk

6 жыл бұрын

Medieval architecture is fascinating! I especially enjoy the dichotomy between the overhanging ‘jettying’ of upper stories in western architectural development, contrasted with the ziggurat-like decreasing size of upper floors in more primitive stone-only construction techniques.

Shad's diverse knowledge about the medieval period is absolutely crazy. I love this channel

I found you channel by channel & subbed quickly. I'm building a model Castle and I'm learning ALOT, thank you!💖

*playing D&D, when we have to defend a castle keep* Me: "Are there Machicolations?" DM: "Wha...?"

I think I know why we like this type of design. Sensitive neurons react when they encounter a stimulus they "like": a light wavelength, a sound frequency, different orientations in space... Neurons in the primary visual cortex (which by the way is located in the back of the head, the farthest away from the eyes, oddly enough) like lines in different angles or orientations. I think we like this type of style because it is more stimulant than a flat wall. Look for "primary visual cortex orientation columns" in Google Images if you're interested. This columns represent lots of neurons that react to the same orientation arranged in columns. Once you start studying the brain, you realise how tidy the "cables" are.

As a person strongly into architecture and living in a place with a huge amount of really old buildings and a strong representation of this old style (even in new buildings) I may want to suggest an additional practicality for this overhang. The overhang provides the ability to have windows (not the huge ones we know on today's buildings, but the barely one hand tall but long ones at least in my place). These kind of windows are often placed right under the overhang which provides two big benefits. First the structural benefit, since having a window on top of a stone wall right under the timbers makes it really easy to finish the top of the window, because no arch is needed. This adds to Shads point of the structural benefits of the overhang stabilizing the timbers. Second and the main thing I want to point out is these kind of windows need no glass to prevent rain the from getting into the building. Since the overhang provides a sufficient amount of protection against rain. While natural light and ventilation is till sufficient. This is practical enough that even newly build buildings today have this feature. (Same benefit is also used in traditional Japanese buildings, where the walkway around the building prevents most of the rain from getting to the outer walls. This allows the iconic "paper" walls and doors to be a thing in the first place without being hugely impractical.) Sorry for the long text, but that is the shortest version I could manage to write to get the point somewhat home. (I just saw the age of this video and highly doubt this comment section is still really alive nevertheless I think it is worth pointing out)

Short Explanation: It makes u able to have more space in the upper floors and the lower area has more space for lets say people wich can be usefull for populated areas if there is not much space for a path.

@siobhanhenry9094

3 жыл бұрын

And because the stone base would stop the wood rotting, and because of tax laws, and because it’s interesting to look at and because it stopped timber sagging and the use of wood stumps.

Him: So what did you do today? Me: I watched an 18 minute documentary on why old houses tend to have staggered floor plans. Him: Cool. Me: Yeah...

@omarma7815

6 жыл бұрын

being an archictecture student this is probably gonna be useful for me in real life

@MinedMaker

6 жыл бұрын

I am happy for you in that case.

@DeathBringer769

6 жыл бұрын

Is this "him" a special someone in your life? ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°)

@vima8680

6 жыл бұрын

land was also expensive then as it is now.

@mcgrawnelson4722

6 жыл бұрын

the land was just as expensive but they had laxer property laws. i think nowadays most countries/citys you are allowed to overhang the street when building a new building.

It's so that the Assassin's could climb up and run on the rooftops to later then jump off and perform an air assassination

@umarafsharzadeh2876

6 жыл бұрын

No it is not no one builds there house to get somebody killed

@noahgarcia2438

6 жыл бұрын

Fatbones Gaming you missed the joke lol

@umarafsharzadeh2876

6 жыл бұрын

Noah Garcia oh ok

@CaveyMoth

6 жыл бұрын

It's easier to fit haystacks underneath.

@toothless9081

6 жыл бұрын

We AC players are forever corrupted.

Tax of floor was a big reason why the base was small. It still occurs today wirh commercial warehousing. Many have freestanding internal floors, not attached to the walls, as this is taxed differently. Tax on windows meant most were removed. Turkish tax on trees mean there were less than 2000 in the whole of Israel in 1898. Buildings have the roof removed to avoid taxes in past times. It is amazing what people do to avoid paying tax!

This was quite fascinating. Thank you for sharing this.

I've been wondering about this for a decade now. It seemed too structurally unsound to make sense, but now that I've hear the counter balance theory behind it, this is making all the sense. Oh, and Machicolation. Glorious Machicolation.

Answer: because you can get more square footage on a smaller (cheaper) piece of land.

@tiannagraham5210

6 жыл бұрын

There's more to it than that but okay. Sure, that's good for a quick answer but if you wanted a short answer, just google it.

6 жыл бұрын

Not only

@fidulario

6 жыл бұрын

That's a good answer for today, but it doesn't apply for Medieval times.

@Peterwhitlock

6 жыл бұрын

no you all got it wrong! it was for the weather to STOP rain from washing down the walls to the very foundations and weaken them...they did things out of NEED not out of looks...he is dead wrong on that point! They are for weather to make water fall away from foundation where it can be made to go away from the foundations (except where wanted)

@jwgmail

6 жыл бұрын

Peter Whitlock if that were the case, they would have built something a lot simpler, just some wood that stuck out, not a whole load-bearing structure.

really enjoy your architecture videos !