What is Pituitary Adenoma? How It's Diagnosed and Treated Dr.Roopesh Kumar
பிட்யூட்டரி அடினோமா என்றால் என்ன? இது எவ்வாறு கண்டறியப்பட்டு சிகிச்சையளிக்கப்படுகிறது
Hello everyone!
Today we will talk about pituitary, problems connected with that. You all would have heard about 'pituitary gland'. Pituitary gland is a small computer at the bottom of the brain. But it is called the master gland. Master gland means the control of all the hormones in the body is in the pituitary gland. It is a small part but it does a lot. The gland has such important functions.
The gland is controlled by a brain nerve called hypothalamus. This is the hormone access.
What are the problems caused by the pituitary gland? That is what we will be seeing today. Pituitary gland secretes a lot of hormones. All the controls related to hormones are a function of the pituitary gland.
The issues that arise in the pituitary gland can be of two or three types. One is the pituitary gland would secrete less hormones. That will lead to hormone deficiency. Second is there can be more hormone secretion. That is hyper functionality. Third is a tumor inside the pituitary gland. These three types of problems are what we see mostly.
The inflammation that happens in the pituitary, the tumor that comes in the pituitary gland, we call that pituitary adenoma. What is its nature? In most cases, Pituitary adenoma will gradually become big; it will come out of the pituitary fossa and expand into the brain. This is normal growth.
When that happens, at first there would not be any symptoms. It will be silent. The problem is, when it grows big and enters the brain, the nerves that go to the eyes are above that pituitary gland. The first thing to get affected is the nerve that goes to the eyes. Slowly the side vision will begin to diminish. There will be no problem with straight vision. Their straight vision will be clear. Their side vision will gradually deteriorate without their knowledge. The way in which they will realize that there is a problem is when walking they will bump into those walking on the side. They would not have been able to see. In traffic, they will have to turn their head in order to see to the side. They will not know what is happening in the side. At times, their vision on one side will be very less. When it becomes so less they will think that there is a problem in the eye and first visit an eye doctor.
The eye doctor will check and tell them about the problem. The doctor will advise that they take a scan and consult with a neurologist. Only then they will come to a neurologist.
If this is the case, what we do first is we assess the pituitary. How big is the growth? To what extent is the eye nerve affected? Does it secrete hormones or not? 80 to 85% it will be nonfunctioning adenoma. That is, it will not secrete any hormone. It will just be occupying space and exerting pressure on the eye nerve. When that is the case, taking an MRI scan will give more clarity.
We do certain hormone tests. Is there any hormone deficiency? After checking if hormones are less or if they are more, if it is not secreting any hormone, if it is a nonfunctioning adenoma, the treatment is we have to remove the tumor.
How do we remove it? Pituitary gland is at the bottom of the brain. Therefore, this type of pituitary adenoma in most cases we need not open the skull. Using an endoscope, through the nose, the tumor can be removed. This is the standard treatment for pituitary adenoma.
This will not leave any scar outside. After it is removed, because there should be no leakage of brain fluids in that area we do a little packing. Little fat is taken from the thighs or stomach and if the hole is fixed, the brain fluids will not leak. The eye nerve will also gradually improve. If we do an eye check up after a month usually there will be good recovery.
Chapters
00:15 Why is Pituitary the master gland?
01:57 Types of issues in the pituitary gland
02:29 Pituitary Adenoma
02:47 What are the symptoms?
03:08 How does one’s vision deteriorate?
03:59 The process of diagnosis
04:44 The removal process
#Pituitary #Adenoma #PituitaryAdenoma #DrRoopeshKumar
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