War and Peace in Europe from Hitler to Putin

How can we understand the war in Ukraine in the light of European history over the past century? Is Putin a '20th-century Hitler' as some have called him? What are his aims, and how do they compare with those of the Nazis during the Second World War? Why are the Ukrainians resisting the Russian invasion so fiercely?
This lecture attempts to explain the nature of the current conflict by setting it in its historical and geopolitical context.
A lecture by Professor Sir Richard Evans
The transcript and downloadable versions of the lecture are available from the Gresham College website:
www.gresham.ac.uk/watch-now/h...
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Пікірлер: 182

  • @ninashewchuk8976
    @ninashewchuk8976 Жыл бұрын

    The name "Holodomor" was not deliberately chosen to draw parallels between the Ukrainian famine of the early 1930s and the Holocaust. It comes from the Ukrainian words "holod" (hunger) and "mor" (plague). In addition, the Ukrainian word "moryty" means "to cause death". Holodomor literally translates to "death by hunger". Different languages are a thing.

  • @JohnKobaRuddy

    @JohnKobaRuddy

    Жыл бұрын

    and there is not a shred of evidence it was intentional

  • @sitting_nut

    @sitting_nut

    Жыл бұрын

    why don't these lecture name the people who carried it out ? such as those "convicted" in a "trial" held by kiev regime recently. hardly any russian ( in fact only 1 out of dozen ) but more than half from a certain group that is never criticized in western media.

  • @ninashewchuk8976

    @ninashewchuk8976

    Жыл бұрын

    @@JohnKobaRuddy Apart from Stalin turning away foreign aid and banning peasants from traveling to other cities to beg for food. Also totally nothing suspicious about the USSR keeping it under wraps for decades. Not to mention that in the years leading up to it Stalin had thousands of Ukrainian intellectuals, church leaders, and communists who supported pro-Ukrainian policies executed. Total coincidence. Even if by some chance there was no intention on Stalin's part to eliminate as many Ukrainians as possible, the fact of the matter is that millions did in fact die (among members of many other ethnic groups), and to this day the Kremlin denies any wrongdoing. If you define genocides solely as openly stated, intentional purges of people of particular ethnic groups, you end up moving goalposts whenever it's convenient for you to deny acts of violence against others.

  • @SuperMookles

    @SuperMookles

    9 ай бұрын

    ​@@sitting_nutah, anti-Semitism. Didn't take long for that to crop up.

  • @largemarge5963

    @largemarge5963

    7 ай бұрын

    I was thinking the same thing. Germany was not beat on the eastern front in 1918. Who is this guy, or more like whos paying this guy. 🤔

  • @WildBillCox13
    @WildBillCox13 Жыл бұрын

    Shared.

  • @jfurl5900
    @jfurl59008 ай бұрын

    A year later ,, giving up the Crimea seems very unlikely .

  • @lashachakhunashvili1399
    @lashachakhunashvili1399 Жыл бұрын

    33:45 ❤

  • @erpthompsonqueen9130
    @erpthompsonqueen9130 Жыл бұрын

    Thank you.

  • @subcitizen2012
    @subcitizen2012 Жыл бұрын

    I'd like to generally point anyone curious for more to seek out Yale historian Timothy Schneider, one of the world's leading experts on eastern Europe and Ukraine more generally.

  • @TheSklar

    @TheSklar

    Жыл бұрын

    Snyder

  • @jacpratt8608

    @jacpratt8608

    Жыл бұрын

    Snyder/ Schnyder? Shnyder? Sure there's a Y somewhere. Yes, they are fascinating lectures. Bloodlands is one.

  • @daydays12
    @daydays12 Жыл бұрын

    Brilliant lecture. Clear, precise, thoroughly researched , accurate and well presented.Also much information new to me Thank you Gresham and Professor Evans.

  • @oliveleaf7376
    @oliveleaf7376 Жыл бұрын

    great lecture, but I do hope someone got this poor man and nice tall glass of cold water after! my throat hurts listening

  • @Lutz_H
    @Lutz_H Жыл бұрын

    Great factual talk!

  • @hollyylloh515
    @hollyylloh515 Жыл бұрын

    Excellent 🇬🇧 thank you for posting

  • @mossydog2385
    @mossydog2385 Жыл бұрын

    Your lecture was excellent, and I'm no friend of authoritarianism regardless of form or it's government of origin. Yet I'm left to wonder why we didn't hear talks of this nature during the invasion of Iraq, from which it has not yet recovered, or the two decade long war in Afghanistan....which could have easily been avoided had Bush taken the Taliban up on their offer to turn Bin Laden over to us if we would just stop dropping gigantic amounts of ordinance on the from the air. It puzzles me.

  • @subcitizen2012

    @subcitizen2012

    Жыл бұрын

    There was plenty of talk about that. UN and most of NATO didn't want any part of it, and after asking the world for permission the US did it anyway. But these are also fundamentally different conflicts, whether pro or anti Russian. Whatever the case, Zalensky isn't an installed dictator gassing his own population, nor even the vaguest premise of being able to threaten Russia or anyone with WMD's. Iraq and Afghanistan were also not overt wars of ethnically laced and nationalistic existential territorial expansionist wars of conquest. Yes, the US middle eastern misadventures were fundamentally wrong and ill founded and executed terribly, and for all the wrong reasons, but it is the apple to Putin's orange. Whatever comparisons could be drawn as a military misadventure, it doesn't give Putin ideological or political carte blanche to initiate and justify his own blunder. Two wrongs don't make a right.

  • @subcitizen2012

    @subcitizen2012

    Жыл бұрын

    Also, wanted to add, while your question is perfectly innocent, it's the sort of thing that gets rolled out in rhetorical arguments and Russian propaganda. The shorthand for it is "what-aboutism" where it's a change of the subject matter at hand in order to avoid the actual topic at discussion. I forget what the formal logical fallacies it might fall under, apples and oranges being one of them, but either way its a rhetorical trap that benefits Russia's aims in the current conflict bybdistracting from it. Yes, the US and west have an over abundance of evil, corruption, and incompetence to answer for, for which they probably never will, but it's still not the same thing as what is happening in UKraine.

  • @daydays12

    @daydays12

    Жыл бұрын

    There were plenty of peple arguing against the Iraq war(s). Were you not paying attention?

  • @daydays12

    @daydays12

    Жыл бұрын

    @@subcitizen2012 Well replied. Thank you for taking the time.

  • @mossydog2385

    @mossydog2385

    Жыл бұрын

    @@subcitizen2012 because I'm an Oracle, or because of my vast wealth and fame. I don't like your tone and I don't think I like you. Calm down.

  • @joprocter4573
    @joprocter4573 Жыл бұрын

    NO COMPARISON

  • @subcitizen2012

    @subcitizen2012

    Жыл бұрын

    Except for where there is, which is why and how things can compare.

  • @matthewkelly2399
    @matthewkelly2399 Жыл бұрын

    Always insightful

  • @RabenmundK
    @RabenmundK Жыл бұрын

    So, let's just forget the Greek Civil War, the Cyprian conflict between Greece and Turkey, the chechnya war, the balkan conflicts and the various wars Russia waged since 1990.... nothing to see here, Europe is peacefull.

  • @jez3774
    @jez3774 Жыл бұрын

    Jackanory

  • @Vintagevanessa99
    @Vintagevanessa99 Жыл бұрын

    Do we know what's going on.. really.

  • @subcitizen2012

    @subcitizen2012

    Жыл бұрын

    As members of the public to the extent that we can, yes, yes we do. And there's very little reason to engage in a cynical skepticism, it *is * possible to know things. Don't just roll over into being a Russian Manchurian candidate because the west isn't perfect.

  • @daydays12

    @daydays12

    Жыл бұрын

    There are some excellent journalists very near the front line.

  • @JohnKobaRuddy

    @JohnKobaRuddy

    Жыл бұрын

    he is another liberal historian. thinks rather than knows. every liberal historian thinks they know what some historical figure is thinking. he literrally said ukraine is fighting for democracy as it launders the wests dirty money, is the most corrupt state in europe has banned political parties, has death lists over peoples opinions all over the world and bans news and media stations etc.

  • @becut95
    @becut958 ай бұрын

    If only British historians resembled Noam Chomsky more ...

  • @billynomates920
    @billynomates920 Жыл бұрын

    8:00 to 8:30 is interesting

  • @SirVashtastic

    @SirVashtastic

    Жыл бұрын

    I agree , very hive mind

  • @noahkidd3359

    @noahkidd3359

    Жыл бұрын

    @@SirVashtastic The vast majority of the biggest and most respected news outlets in the West are highly factual. Russia's is not. The people who think that Western news is all propaganda are huffing copium.

  • @vividsunn8459
    @vividsunn8459 Жыл бұрын

    Wrong! Germany was NOT defeated fair and square in the East in WW1; in fact, it was victorious there.

  • @fullmontyuk

    @fullmontyuk

    Жыл бұрын

    Indeed! That was a major gaff.

  • @gitmoholliday5764
    @gitmoholliday5764 Жыл бұрын

    one of the missed opportunities to negotiate peace, was the possibility to agree about a UN controlled / certified referendum about Donbas annexation / neutrality.. Boris Johnson blew that one

  • @Narguhl

    @Narguhl

    Жыл бұрын

    In theory this sounds like a nice idea. Sadly this referendum would be meaningless. A lot of the populationhas fled, was deported or killed or was just quickly "imported" from Russia to Russify the region.

  • @gitmoholliday5764

    @gitmoholliday5764

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Narguhl we could say the same about Odessa .

  • @Narguhl

    @Narguhl

    Жыл бұрын

    @@gitmoholliday5764 Yeah. But it would not be true in any meaningful comparison. When exactly did Ukraine occupy the Russian city Odessa by force?

  • @gitmoholliday5764

    @gitmoholliday5764

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Narguhl Between 1916 and end WWII

  • @Narguhl

    @Narguhl

    Жыл бұрын

    lol

  • @makylemur7019
    @makylemur7019 Жыл бұрын

    RUSSIA DELENDA EST.

  • @lenwilkinson672
    @lenwilkinson672 Жыл бұрын

    Putting Welsh names on sign posts and other items was a ridiculous and an enormous amount of money just to let one know they are in Wales.

  • @DeanJuvenal

    @DeanJuvenal

    Жыл бұрын

    The financial aspect is one matter. Why are you so opposed to signs and other items being in English and Cymraeg? Cymru has TWO official languages, Cymraeg and English.

  • @emilbordon1329
    @emilbordon1329 Жыл бұрын

    I don’t GAFF about any of their wars.

  • @daydays12

    @daydays12

    Жыл бұрын

    you should

  • @JohnKobaRuddy

    @JohnKobaRuddy

    Жыл бұрын

    you are what is commonly known as a head in the sand type. the tsunami wave could be coming up the beach and you would put your fingers in your ears going go "lalalalalalalala"

  • @indydude3367
    @indydude3367 Жыл бұрын

    GO NATO! Whoops, I mean Ukraine.

  • @NoHairMan

    @NoHairMan

    Жыл бұрын

    Childish remark.

  • @willyfeumba

    @willyfeumba

    10 ай бұрын

    @@NoHairMan just the thuth ... NATO is not the power rangers

  • @drbrainstein1644
    @drbrainstein1644 Жыл бұрын

    I don’t know what the point of this lecture was but it was ridiculous.

  • @someoneelse293
    @someoneelse293 Жыл бұрын

    What did he say that's wrong?

  • @noahkidd3359

    @noahkidd3359

    Жыл бұрын

    pro-Russian trolls are struggling to procure copium, that's all

  • @peterswift3612

    @peterswift3612

    Жыл бұрын

    Yeah that's what I was thinking.

  • @stuartcmcd

    @stuartcmcd

    Жыл бұрын

    The truth

  • @walterkoppe9437

    @walterkoppe9437

    Жыл бұрын

    not the inbalance between russian and the ukraine but the inballance between usa, eu and nato agaist russian is the point.

  • @jamesneedham6265

    @jamesneedham6265

    Жыл бұрын

    @@walterkoppe9437 Nato haven't turned up yet

  • @helgeellevset3004
    @helgeellevset3004 Жыл бұрын

    What utter ignorance and arrogance

  • @lenwilkinson672
    @lenwilkinson672 Жыл бұрын

    If they are not RUSSIAN who are they. Russians since Peter the Great

  • @MoonJulz
    @MoonJulz Жыл бұрын

    Everyone should know by now 3 Ukrainian to 1 Russian what is wrong with you people?

  • @clovisra
    @clovisra Жыл бұрын

    What about wars from Hitler's to NATO's?

  • @SuperMookles

    @SuperMookles

    Жыл бұрын

    KREMLIN THANKS LOYAL TROLL FOR KIND WORDS AND SUPPORT AT TIME OF TRICKY SITUATION. PUTIN APPRECIATE VERY MUCH COMMENT SUPPORT FOR MOTHER RUSSIA, IT EVEN MAKE HIM CRY.

  • @7DYNAMIN

    @7DYNAMIN

    Жыл бұрын

    Thanks, its a real intressting perspective,. I like how you say it like its some new idea. Is nato part of this though ??

  • @clovisra

    @clovisra

    Жыл бұрын

    @@7DYNAMIN What about Yugoslavia? What about the real war NATO declared against Russia NOW? A war that started years ago?

  • @mrgreatauk

    @mrgreatauk

    Жыл бұрын

    @@clovisra you are deluded.

  • @SickBastard69

    @SickBastard69

    Жыл бұрын

    @@SuperMookles and yet you listen to lies by your governments, puppet much?

  • @johnthomaso4208
    @johnthomaso4208 Жыл бұрын

    Sir Richard Evans admits towards the beginning of the lecture that the propaganda machines of both Russia and the West have been proceeding at full tilt ever since the commencement of the Ukraine war. He then proceeds to repeat almost word for word the propaganda of the West. The war is far more nuanced than Evans suggests, and the lecture as a whole was a disappointment from a historian who has gone down several pegs in my estimation.

  • @noahkidd3359

    @noahkidd3359

    Жыл бұрын

    Cope harder vatnik

  • @daydays12

    @daydays12

    Жыл бұрын

    nasty suborned propagandist comment

  • @daydays12

    @daydays12

    Жыл бұрын

    What can I say about such a comment. Can't face the truth?@@andyeasy3320

  • @daydays12

    @daydays12

    Жыл бұрын

    @@andyeasy3320 How about presenting reasoned arguments? What is your opinion on general plan east for example?

  • @clovisra

    @clovisra

    Жыл бұрын

    You are fully right. There are people here in the comments trying to deny that this talk is pure propaganda. People that would be happier if Putin was someone like the drunkard Yeltsin or the naīve Gorbachev.

  • @javascriptcss2512
    @javascriptcss2512 Жыл бұрын

    КАК ЖЕ ВАС ОБМАНЫВАЮТ ААХХАХАХАХАХАХ

  • @Anthrax6989

    @Anthrax6989

    Жыл бұрын

    Человек живущий во лжи не знает что такое обман.

  • @stuartcmcd

    @stuartcmcd

    Жыл бұрын

    TAKE MORE COPIUM

  • @daydays12

    @daydays12

    Жыл бұрын

    @@Anthrax6989 If I understand your reply I agree. javascript has bought into the deluded lies. I think Professor Evans ( who I admire) has told the truth in a gripping lecture.

  • @jamesneedham6265

    @jamesneedham6265

    Жыл бұрын

    Make sure to pack sunflower seeds in your uniform

  • @tyemich8820

    @tyemich8820

    Жыл бұрын

    А им и норм что их обманывают. Главное чтобы денежка на карту жителя "первого мира" капала

  • @Mbrbut
    @Mbrbut Жыл бұрын

    Stop lying, please don't listen to this man. He knows nothing

  • @jamesneedham6265

    @jamesneedham6265

    Жыл бұрын

    Are you still upset the new lord of the rings has black people in it?

  • @subcitizen2012

    @subcitizen2012

    Жыл бұрын

    You need to listen, because it's a lot closer to the truth than whatever you are believing.

  • @daydays12

    @daydays12

    Жыл бұрын

    What do you know? What have you published?

  • @daydays12

    @daydays12

    Жыл бұрын

    @@subcitizen2012 I agree with you completely. Professor Evans is a very rigorous, professional and honest historian.

  • @stswcz
    @stswcz Жыл бұрын

    Massive amount of propaganda in this lecture.

  • @jamesneedham6265

    @jamesneedham6265

    Жыл бұрын

    Would you take him more seriously if he was topless and on horseback?

  • @subcitizen2012

    @subcitizen2012

    Жыл бұрын

    To believe that you would need a lot more propaganda in your head. That should bother you.

  • @stswcz

    @stswcz

    Жыл бұрын

    Both sides generates it a lot. If you 'believe' instead of thinking, you lose

  • @daydays12

    @daydays12

    Жыл бұрын

    If you think that you've got a problem. Specify the things that are untrue in what Professor Evans said.

  • @clovisra

    @clovisra

    Жыл бұрын

    The british are the US (NATO) pr. A fall from empire to atack dog of another empire.

  • @axismundi8
    @axismundi89 ай бұрын

    Very weak, one dimensional and obvious propaganda. The click bait image is cheap Russo phobia. Horrible to see this tacky stuff on Gresham College Channel. Yiu obviously support it. Much as I've enjoyed your videos, I'm out.

  • @stonedwalljackson5806
    @stonedwalljackson5806 Жыл бұрын

    Don't forget about nato bringing war to the Balkans in the early 90's

  • @memorymeme51

    @memorymeme51

    Жыл бұрын

    Oh not Serbia ofc, they were the victim

  • @SuperMookles

    @SuperMookles

    Жыл бұрын

    yeah, it was NATO, not Milosevic. Silly us, thinking that it was yet another manifestation of rabid Serb nationalism.

  • @nuznikas

    @nuznikas

    Жыл бұрын

    No need tu act as you dont know why nato acted

  • @TranceGamerx

    @TranceGamerx

    Жыл бұрын

    yeah, it was NATO, not Milosevic. Silly us, thinking that it was yet another manifestation of rabid Serb nationalism.

  • @SuperMookles

    @SuperMookles

    Жыл бұрын

    @@nuznikas in the mid-1990s because of the genocidal actions of Bosnian Serbs, then, later on, the genocidal actions of Serbia itself in Kosovo. Hope that helps to clear things up!

  • @user-ci7vu7eo9w
    @user-ci7vu7eo9w Жыл бұрын

    PROFESSOR FROM THE WEST?😂💩💩

  • @jamesneedham6265

    @jamesneedham6265

    Жыл бұрын

    Does Russia have professors anymore

  • @SickBastard69

    @SickBastard69

    Жыл бұрын

    @@jamesneedham6265 yes just educate yourself I dare you.

  • @jamesneedham6265

    @jamesneedham6265

    Жыл бұрын

    @@SickBastard69 I have, I know you might never of heard of such things but there are these things called 'books' that contain text information bound together with sources for the information normally cited in the appendix. This provide a much better level of education than even the brightest of 4 chain's trolls and conspiracy theorists.

  • @jamesneedham6265

    @jamesneedham6265

    Жыл бұрын

    @@SickBastard69 you could also actually watch this lecture rather than just commenting on it as you clearly haven't. Is it too long for you? Maybe Gresham can collaborate with Michael Bay to add explosions every five minutes to keep your attention.

  • @SickBastard69

    @SickBastard69

    Жыл бұрын

    @@jamesneedham6265 btw let's discuss sovereignty, Ukraine lost it's sovereignty in 2014 when US organised by Vitoria Nuland's coup in Odesa to overthrow Viktor Yanukovych and burned people to death. You correct read more books but you prefer to change history to suit your narrative of imperialisim ideology. The world has seen.

  • @khalidalansari8574
    @khalidalansari85748 ай бұрын

    You are full of bullisht 😂

  • @Dan-xt7sv
    @Dan-xt7sv Жыл бұрын

    Simplistic childish nonsense

  • @noahkidd3359

    @noahkidd3359

    Жыл бұрын

    Cope harder

  • @agorbogytr13

    @agorbogytr13

    Жыл бұрын

    @@noahkidd3359 Cry baby

  • @jamesneedham6265

    @jamesneedham6265

    Жыл бұрын

    I bet you didn't realize Bioshock was actually a criticism of the work of Ayn Rand, i know it was subtle but....

  • @Dan-xt7sv

    @Dan-xt7sv

    Жыл бұрын

    @@jamesneedham6265 I hate Ayn Rand actually.

  • @subcitizen2012

    @subcitizen2012

    Жыл бұрын

    Reactionary much?

  • @alexharrison9340
    @alexharrison9340 Жыл бұрын

    Solidarity with the Ukrainian people. However, without the huge blood sacrifice of the Russian people in utterly defeating the Nazis there would be no western Europe. Think parallels of the Russians with the Nazis is therefore hugely inappropriate.

  • @bazsnell3178

    @bazsnell3178

    Жыл бұрын

    20 million Russians died in WW2 defeating the Germans. Without them we would have lost the war.

  • @NoHairMan

    @NoHairMan

    Жыл бұрын

    The loss of their grandparents blood doesn't make the grandchildrens deeds any better. Judge Russia for what it is doing now and not what it has done decades ago.

  • @DeanJuvenal

    @DeanJuvenal

    Жыл бұрын

    @@NoHairMan And view the actions of Russia in the light of the attempted invasions in the past: Napoleon; the West support of “White Russian” troops attempting to overthrow the early Russian Republic; the Nazis. And now the US/A and its followers trying to run NATO military forces right up to the border with Russia.

  • @othmaninasri
    @othmaninasri Жыл бұрын

    in the current event, When we say UKRAINE 🇺🇦 we say NATO..... all kind of sophisticated weapons are poured to UKRAINE through its neighbours. So RUSSIA is kind of feeling threatened by this , that is why they are calling for more reserve. Finally UKRAINE is a RUSSIAN territory which was split from RUSSIA because of cold war. A plan led by USA 🇺🇸 to weaken Russia 🇷🇺

  • @NoHairMan

    @NoHairMan

    Жыл бұрын

    It is Ukrainans that die and suffer in this war. They use everything they can to defend themselves. Plus Iranian drones bring death and destruction to the Ukrainian population. So excuse my little joke: In this current event, when we say RUSSIA we say Iran..... ;)

  • @othmaninasri

    @othmaninasri

    Жыл бұрын

    @@NoHairMan Well, I'm deeply sorry for the suffer that humans in Ukraine has to ho through, similar in dombass regin, similar to Palestinians similar to Afghans and Iraqis ....etc humans are humans whatever his colour, ethnicity or where he come from

  • @user-dq8kj6gm3y

    @user-dq8kj6gm3y

    11 ай бұрын

    What a nonsense, learn about worldpolitics and the perestroika deception, its Russia who destabilized the West, not the other way around, watch Bezmenov and read Golitsyn what is straight from the horses mouth.

  • @dimonik12
    @dimonik12 Жыл бұрын

    Utter tosh...

  • @daydays12

    @daydays12

    Жыл бұрын

    What is 'utter tosh'? Your comment is not clear.

  • @dimonik12

    @dimonik12

    Жыл бұрын

    @@daydays12 The video... 😉

  • @TheFjerstad

    @TheFjerstad

    Жыл бұрын

    Russian bot

  • @ianturner9815
    @ianturner9815 Жыл бұрын

    Utter and complete garbage from start to finish.

  • @orenalbertmeisel3127
    @orenalbertmeisel31276 ай бұрын

    Richard Evans has been an absolute joke for the past two years. It's sad to see a historian I once respected embrace British state propaganda, misinformation and conspiracy theories

  • @joseloayza4825
    @joseloayza4825 Жыл бұрын

    You refuted yourself 👏 and as of 10/10/22 your “analysis” is not aging well

  • @christophwaltz8919
    @christophwaltz8919 Жыл бұрын

    fake news

  • @subcitizen2012

    @subcitizen2012

    Жыл бұрын

    This is a university lecture...

  • @daydays12

    @daydays12

    Жыл бұрын

    NEWS? 'Hunger Plan East' news? Where have you been the past 80 years?